MEE-1009
NEW PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT
J-component
Fall semester 2018-2019
Topic - Radiator Design and Optimization
Submitted To- Prof Murugan M.
By group members: (GROUP 4)
1. 15BEM0085 SPANDAN SHAH
2. 15BEM0095 ABHINAV TRIPATHI
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
We would like to thank my faculty Prof Murugan M. for giving us the idea of this
wonderful project and helping us throughout the project with all our requirements
and doubts. We sincerely thank the University Management and the Head of
Department, Prof. Bibin John, for giving us the opportunity to carry out studies
at VIT University.
Radiator Design and Optimization
Abhinav Tripathi, Spandan Shah
VIT, Vellore-632014, Tamil Nadu, India
Abstract
The development of advanced nanofluids, which have better conduction and
convection thermal properties, has presented a new opportunity to design a high
energy efficient, light-weight automobile radiator. Current radiator designs are
limited by the air side resistance requiring a large frontal area to meet cooling needs.
This project will explore concepts of next-generation radiators that can adopt the
high performance nanofluids. The goal of this project is to design an advanced
concept for a radiator for use in automobiles. New concepts will be considered, and
a demonstration test rig will be built to demonstrate the chosen design.
Introduction
Most present day autos utilize aluminum radiators. These radiators are made
by brazing slight aluminum balances to smoothed aluminum tubes. The coolant
streams from the delta to the outlet through numerous tubes mounted in a parallel
course of action. The blades direct the warmth from the tubes and exchange it to the
air coursing through the radiator.
The tubes some of the time have a sort of blade embedded into them called a
tabulator, which expands the choppiness of the liquid moving through the tubes. On
the off chance that the liquid streamed extremely easily through the tubes, just the
liquid really contacting the tubes would be cooled straightforwardly. The measure of
warmth exchanged to the tubes from the liquid going through them relies upon the
distinction in temperature between the tube and the liquid contacting it. So if the
liquid that is in contact with the tube chills off rapidly, less warmth will be exchanged.
By making choppiness inside the tube, the majority of the liquid blends together,
keeping the temperature of the liquid contacting the tubes up so more warmth can be
removed, and the majority of the liquid inside the tube is utilized viably. Radiators
ordinarily have a tank on each side, and inside the tank is a transmission cooler. In
the image above, you can see the gulf and outlet where the oil from the transmission
enters the cooler. The transmission cooler resembles a radiator inside a radiator, with
the exception of rather than trading heat with the air, the oil trades warm with the
coolant in the radiator.
This undertakings manages the correlation of an ordinary straight tube radiator
with changed one. Radiator of TATA INDIGO/INDICA is taken as a standard model.
Examination of the radiator is finished through CFD (Computational Fluid
Dynamics) utilizing ANSYS Familiar programming. The temperature conveyance
and the liquid stream inside the radiator is dissected and different plots are plotted.
Voice of Customer
• Voice of the Customer refers to the way an organization collects customer
feedback, analyzes the data, distributes it to the right people and takes action
on these insights in order to generate financial benefits.
• VOC for a radiator may include -
• Efficient Radiator to be used in buildings, automobiles,
electronics
• Energy saving
• Less space consuming
• Low maintenance cost
• Durable product.
Objective
From the laws of thermodynamics, we know that heat transfer increases as we
increase the surface area of the radiator assembly. That said, the demand for more
powerful engines in smaller hood spaces has created a problem of insufficient rates
of heat dissipation in automotive radiators. As a result, many radiators must be
redesigned to be more compact while still having sufficient cooling power
capabilities. The new design should be capable of dissipating the same heat as the
original, given a set of operating conditions.
Design Specification of the Radiator
Details Dimensions (in mm)
Length 640
Width 30
Heigth 360
Tube Length 580
Tube inner Diameter 7
Tube Outer Diameter 9
Coolant Properties: 50-50 Glycol-Water
Sr.no. Property Value
1 Thermal conductivity 0.415 W/m.K
2 Specific Heat 3681.92 J/kg.K
3 Density 1015.57 kg/m3
4 Dynamic Viscosity 0.00074 Pa.s
5 Coolant Temperature 138 K
Tube Material: Aluminum
Coolant Fluid: A Mixture Of Ethylene Glycol (25%) &
Water (75%)
FAST DIAGRAM
Design Issues
New Radiator Design - We developed several new concepts for radiators.
These ideas are full concepts addressing multiple issues. Our first idea in this
category was a rotary radiator. This is simply a radiator rotating about a central
axis. Coolant is pumped to the center, and through centripetal motion, is
brought to the outside edge where it is collected and re-circulated to the
engine. The fluid transfers the heat to the rotating structure through convection
and since the structure is rotating at a high speed, the convection due to the air
is increased.
Air Turbulence – Increasing Air turbulence will increase convection. Our first
idea in this category was vortex generators. Used in the aerospace industry, these
small fins stick up from the airfoil surface at an angle to the direction of the airflow.
Small vortices are created which keeps the flowing boundary layer of air on the wing
surface longer through changing angles of attack. Applied to radiator fins, these
“mini-tornados” increase the turbulence within the radiator, thus increasing heat
transfer due to convection. Another idea was golf ball dimples. If applied to the
radiator tubes, this would assist in increasing convective heat transfer.
Air Speed – To increase air speed, we considered adding scoops to the front of
the radiator. These scoops would funnel air into the radiator and increase the velocity
of the air by decreasing the cross sectional area of the scoop. This can be seen in the
equation for fluid flow Q = AV, where Q is the volumetric flowrate of the fluid, A is
the cross sectional area of the funnel, and V is the velocity of the fluid. While Q
remains the same, A decreases, forcing V to increase.
Radiator tubes - Our first idea in this category was to make the tubes smaller and
increase the total amount of tubes. This concept decreases the time it takes to transfer
the same amount of heat by exposing it in more places within the radiator. Another
idea was to increase the width of the tubes. By increasing the width of the tubes, we
increase the surface area of the tube. This increased surface area allows for more heat
transfer by convection. Our last idea was dimples.
Surface Area(fins) – Increase the surface Area (fins).
Inlet Fluid – Another aim is to cool the inlet fuel
Surface area Total – Increase the overall Surface area of the radiator.
Function Structure
METHODOLOGY
Generic Steps to Solving Problem in Fluent: Like solving any problem
analytically, you need to define (1) your solution domain, (2) the physical model, (3)
boundary conditions and (4) the physical properties. You then solve the problem and
present the results. In numerical methods, the main difference is an extra step called
mesh generation. This is the step that divides the complex model into small elements
that become solvable in an otherwise too complex situation. Below describes the
processes in terminology slightly more attune to the software.
1. Build Geometry Construct a two or three dimensional representation of the
object to be modeled and tested using the work plane coordinates system within
ANSYS.
2. Define Material Properties Now that the part exists, define a library of the
necessary materials that compose the object (or project) being modeled. This includes
thermal and mechanical properties.
3. Generate Mesh At this point ANSYS understands the makeup of the part.
Now define how the Modeled system should be broken down into finite pieces.
4. Define Boundary Conditions Once the system is fully designed, the last task
is to burden the system with constraints, such as physical loadings or boundary
conditions.
5. Obtain Solution this is actually a step, because ANSYS needs to understand
within what state (steady state, transient... etc.) the problem must be solved
6. Present the Results After the solution has been obtained, there are many
ways to present ANSYS‟ results, choose from many options such as tables, graphs,
and contour plots.
INLET CONDITION
Mass flow rates Mass flow rates Radiator inlet Radiator outlet
in Kg/hr in Kg/s temperature (K) temperature (K)
500 0.138 368 340.45
SOLIDWORK MODEL
MESHING
THERMAL ANALYSIS
RESULTS
TEMPERATURE DISTRIBUTION ACROSS FINS
CONCLUSION
To increase the efficiency of the radiator we should increase the maximum surface
area which can come in contact with heat so as it may transfer heat quickly also
,increasing the number of tubes also help in increasing rate of heat transfer as more
heat can be discharge at same time.
