International Journal For Technological Research In Engineering
Volume 6, Issue 7, March-2019 ISSN (Online): 2347 - 4718
ARRANGEMENT AND DESIGN OF RIVER TRASH CLEANING
MECHANISM
Prof. Kanchan D. Ganvir1, Utkarsha Bargat2, Snehal Sonwane3, Bhupali Surpam4
1
Asst. Prof., 2,3,4Student
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Priyadarshini Bhagwati College of Engineering, Nagpur, India.
ABSTRACT: River water is used for irrigation which in cause interruptions in biological functions. Humans are also
return gives food to the people. They also maintain the affected by plastic pollution, such as through the disruption
ecology of region and bring prosperity. We made this of the thyroid hormone axis or hormone levels. We know
project to clean the river. After implementing this project that pollution is a human problem because it is a relatively
we can control the pollution of river it is very beneficial for recent development in the planets history before the 19th
our society. In this project turbine rotates by flow of river century. As industrialization has spread around the globe, so
water and through the mechanical gear arrangement we the problem of pollution has spread with. Water running
arrange two conveyor belts. The first conveyor belt is used through a water drainage system mostly carries along waste
to pick solid waste from river and the second conveyor belt materials most which are non-biodegradable which not only
is used to draw solid waste out of river for solid waste cause flooding but also climate change. Overflow of water
management. drainage system occurs when there is a blockage of an end of
Nowadays almost all the manufacturing process is being the drainage system forcing the water to find its way
atomized in order to deliver the products at a faster rate. elsewhere apart from the mapped out drainage system,
Automation plays an important role in mass production. In therefore the running water spills over the horizontal height
this project we have fabricated the remote operated river of the drainage systems spreading to regions alongside the
cleaning machine. The main aim of the project is to reduce drainage system, thereby causing problems such as pushing
the man power, time consumption for cleaning the river. down of structures such as fences, water logging of farm
With increase in population, the scenario of cleanliness lands and residential building, etc. The impurities present in
with respect to waste management is degrading water can cause hazardous and disease. As long as the
tremendously. The overflow of garbage in river side creates draining system is considered the function of the main
unhygienic condition in the nearby surroundings. The drainage system is to collect, transport and dispose of the
floating bodies on the river water will cause a severe water through an outfall or outlet. Impurities in drainage
problem to the environment and is a big risk to the future. water can be only like empty bottles, polythene bags, papers,
These floating wastes will not be dissolved easily in water. etc. It’s an industrial working prototype of entirely solar
So these unwanted suspended objects will cut off the powered water cleaning mechanism which can auto collect
oxygen, hence creates oxygen deficiency which directly floating garbage and solid waste from the water surface and
affects the marine life. collect it into its floating bin. It can be programmed, scaled
up to any size and can operate remotely. The system is
I. INTRODUCTION indigenous and efficient to tack river cleaning cause.
This invention relates to skimmer boats, i.e., work boats for a. It’s reduces the human efforts.
collecting and disposing of floating solid waste materials in b. Its works fast than Man Power.
harbours and waterways. The invention is more specifically
directed to highly manoeuvrable vessel equipped with means II. PROBLEM DEFINITION
for picking up floating debris, means for storing the debris on To design a remote operated machine to collect trash
the vessel, and means for discharging the debris from the effectively, efficiently and eco-friendly.
vessel to a storage area, which may be ashore or which may India is a country which is surrounded by water in
be another vessel such as a barge. With increase in three directions. But the drinkable water is very
population, the scenario of cleanliness with respect to waste less.
management is degrading tremendously. The overflow of As it is a developing country, the drainage system is
garbage in river side creates the unhygienic condition in the also developing but currently it is very bad system.
nearby surroundings. We have all witnessed in recent times
Today, we people are facing pollution everywhere.
that the pollution of water bodies is one of the major
Due to rise in pollution our environment is getting
problems. The quality of water in major rivers has
adversely affected.
deteriorated to a greater extent. Plastic pollution involves the
One of the most recent problems we are facing is
accumulation of plastic products in the environment that
pollution of the water in rivers and lakes.
adversely affects wildlife, wildlife habitat and humans.
Living organisms, particularly marine animals, can also be All the trash like industrial, house hold is disposed
affected through entanglement, direct ingestion of plastic in river.
waste, or through exposure to chemicals within plastics that
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International Journal For Technological Research In Engineering
Volume 6, Issue 7, March-2019 ISSN (Online): 2347 - 4718
Which causes the contamination of water, affects aquatic life
badly and also creates blockage in river flow.
560 mm
III. OBJECTIVE AND SUMMARY OF INVENTION
To overcome the difficulty of removing waste particulate
floating on water surface.
In this project the main aim of this machine is to lift the
waste debris from water surface and disposed them in the Fig: CAD model
tray. Hence this will result in cleaning of water surface and
safe collection of waste debris from water.
1. To reduce the pollution in water bodies.
2. To overcome the difficulty of removing waste particulate
floating on water surface.
3. To maintain the automation during working towards
cleaning river.
4. To perform the fast and reliable operation during
cleaning river.
5. To work for society for clean up a section of a stream or
river.
IV. DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTIONAL FEATURES Fig: Fabrication of conveyer mechanism
CALCULATION:
• Weight of body (mechanism) = Density of material ×
Acceleration due to gravity× Volume of mechanism
body (N)
• For Equilibrium, (from fluid mechanics book by R. K.
Bansal)
Weight of body = Weight of water displaced
Volume of water displaced = volume of body
Therefore
Fig: Design of conveyor belt and mechanism Volume of water displaced =
Wt. of water displaced/wt. density of water
• Crouch’s Formula
Speed of mechanism = C × √(Power/ Weight)
Assuming Speed = 0.25m/s, C = 0.176 (from 0.163
to 0.176), Weight of body = 20 Kg
Therefore, Power = 44 W
Standard Power = 48 W = 0.0643 HP
• Power = Force x Velocity (W)…………. From this
velocity is being calculated
• Meta centric height:
= (Iy/volume of body submerged) – BG
• Thrust developed by propeller:
T = 326 x Shp x E/Va
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International Journal For Technological Research In Engineering
Volume 6, Issue 7, March-2019 ISSN (Online): 2347 - 4718
Where, & the vertical section is made with 150mm diameter
Shp = Shaft horse power pipe of having length 1000mm.
E = efficiency of propeller The whole frame is joined only by means of quick flex
Va = speed of water at propeller
glue.
• Propeller pitch:
Pitch ratio =0.46 x speed of mechanism in 2 small belts are joined together to make 700mm length
knots of conveyor.
= 0.46 x 0.486 2 motors are placed at the top of vertical side of L frame,
Pitch ratio = 0.38 these motors are connected to single pipe causing the
rotation of pipe & indirectly rotation of the conveyor.
KEY ELEMENTS AND MATERIALS:
UPVC Pipes: Unplasticized Poly Vinyl Chloride pipes WORKING METHODOLOGY:
are used because this material is light weight as well as The power from the solar panel is stored in the battery
strong, also it floats on water. which firstly drives the 2propeller and when there is a
Mechanical strength: 550 Kg/cm2 need of trash removing the power is given to
Density: 1.43 g/cm3 theconveyor motors.
Ultimate tensile strength: 50 MPa When the mechanism has to take a left turn, the left
Compressive strength: 63 MPa propeller is turned off and the whole supply is given to
Shear strength: 39 MPa
the right propeller and the turn is executed.
Battery:
The trash is collected to the collecting vessel of having
Type: Lead Acid Battery Direct Current
Rating: 12V-2.5A dimension 500mm X 500mm X
Output: 30W 350mm.
Solar Panel: Here we are using solar panel to charge the The trash collecting vessel is removable so that the disposal
battery. of trash becomes easy.
To drive this mechanism on the land the separate frame
Nos.: 5
Area: 60mm x 100mm of aluminium along with the wheels which has ground
Total Area: 30,000 mm2 clearance of 150mm is made & if the whole mechanism
Power Generation: From 12V to 18VMotor: isplaced on this frame, the mechanism will run on the
Type: Direct Current ground to collect the land waste.
Input: 12V
a) For Conveyor rpm: Approx 200 rpm BENEFITS OF MECHANISM:
b) For Propeller rpm: Approx 500 rpm 1. Water pollution will be minimized.
Nos.: 2-2 each 2. Health related problems which are caused due to
Belt: contaminated water can be minimized.
Type: Flat belt 3. Aquatic life gets improved.
Length: 700mm
4. It is the cheapest way to clean the river trash.
Width: 40 mm
No.: 3 Belts 5. Skill worker not required to driving the system.
Aluminium: It is taken for manufacturing of frame 6. Environment friendly system.
because it is rust free, lightweight & having required
V. RESULT AND DISCUSSION
strength for project.
We performed the following test and results are being
Density: 2700 Kg/m3 discussed as follows:
Ultimate tensile strength: 327 MPa 1. Weight Lifted : We tried to present the model where the
Compressive strength: 280 MPa
model is successfully able to lift the 20 kg of the
CONSTRUCTION: drainage APM i.e. solidwaste. With the constraint of the
The project consist of H type frame, L type frame on size and budget the project performs excellent in its
which conveyor is placed, battery, motors, solar panel, 2 parameters.
propellers, UPVC pipes of various diameters. 2. Speed of Drain : As the setup which performs
L type frame is made by joining UPVC pipes of having excellently on the constraints condition that have been
diameter 44mm by flex quick glue by the joints. designed in view of the real life drain condition, we try
H type frame is made by same in which the horizontal to provide the drain with the minimum speed of 5km/hr
part is made with 44mm diameter pipe of length 500mm and able to drive out the results that the battery is getting
charged and able to run the mechanism.
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International Journal For Technological Research In Engineering
Volume 6, Issue 7, March-2019 ISSN (Online): 2347 - 4718
FUTURE SCOPE:
1. With advancment and modification inmechanism, it can
be used for cleaning offloors or grounds and lawns.
2. In future this project can be improved to sort more
categories of waste.
3. In this system we can use advance conveyor system and
conveyor material forincreasing the efficiency of
collection of garbage.
4. The modification of the boat is done to increase its
waste collecting capacity.
5. This project is made only for small lakes and by doing
some modification in itssize and capacity it can be used
in big lakes and rivers like Ganga.
REFERENCES
[1] Water Witch Workboats Multipurpose pollution
control, marina, & waterway maintenance.
[2] Walczyk, S.L., 2006. Trash Collection Skimmer
Boat. United States Patent.
[3] New age International Publishers, Water Pollution:
Causes, Effects and Control by P. K. GOEL
[4] Cross, N., 1942. Engineering design method:
strategies for product design. 3rd ed. John Wiley
&Sons, Ltd
[5] Khanna publishing water pollution control
engineering
[6] Recognition, classification and mechanical
description of debris flows. P. Coussot and M.
Meunier.
[7] Small plastic debris changes water movement and
heat transfer through beach sediments. Henry
Carson, Steven Colbert and Matthew Kaylor.
[8] Management Of Marine Plastic Debris by Michael
Niaunakis.
[9] Principle of Pollution Abatement by S. Jorgensen.
[10] Environmental Pollution Control Engineering book
by C. S. Rao.
[11] Design Data ForMachine Elements, B. D. Shiwalkar
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