The document discusses different types of thermometers used to measure temperature. It describes Celsius and Fahrenheit thermometers, clinical thermometers used to measure body temperature including ear, pacifier, and underarm/oral thermometers. It also discusses food thermometers like oven-safe, digital instant, pop-up, and disposable strip thermometers. Outdoor thermometers that measure surrounding air temperature are also mentioned. The document concludes by explaining the mechanisms of mercury, alcohol, digital, and infrared thermometers.
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The document discusses different types of thermometers used to measure temperature. It describes Celsius and Fahrenheit thermometers, clinical thermometers used to measure body temperature including ear, pacifier, and underarm/oral thermometers. It also discusses food thermometers like oven-safe, digital instant, pop-up, and disposable strip thermometers. Outdoor thermometers that measure surrounding air temperature are also mentioned. The document concludes by explaining the mechanisms of mercury, alcohol, digital, and infrared thermometers.
The document discusses different types of thermometers used to measure temperature. It describes Celsius and Fahrenheit thermometers, clinical thermometers used to measure body temperature including ear, pacifier, and underarm/oral thermometers. It also discusses food thermometers like oven-safe, digital instant, pop-up, and disposable strip thermometers. Outdoor thermometers that measure surrounding air temperature are also mentioned. The document concludes by explaining the mechanisms of mercury, alcohol, digital, and infrared thermometers.
Copyright:
Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
The document discusses different types of thermometers used to measure temperature. It describes Celsius and Fahrenheit thermometers, clinical thermometers used to measure body temperature including ear, pacifier, and underarm/oral thermometers. It also discusses food thermometers like oven-safe, digital instant, pop-up, and disposable strip thermometers. Outdoor thermometers that measure surrounding air temperature are also mentioned. The document concludes by explaining the mechanisms of mercury, alcohol, digital, and infrared thermometers.
Copyright:
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Types of Thermometers - Measurement Units
Celsius and Fahrenheit Thermometers
The Celsius thermometers use the Celsius as the measurement unit and Fahrenheit thermometers use Fahrenheit as the temperature measurement unit. Some thermometers have the measuring scales for both Celsius and Fahrenheit. These thermometers give the reading in Celsius as well as Fahrenheit.
Types of Thermometers - Applications
Clinical Thermometers The clinical thermometers are used to measure the body temperature of the patient. There are again three types of clinical thermometers depending on the body part used to measure the temperature.
Ear (Tympanic) thermometers
Human ear is located near the brain. This makes it an accurate point to measure the body temperature. The temperature of the eardrum is measured by the ear thermometers. However, the eardrum is most fragile and delicate body part. Therefore, the body temperature cannot be measured by touching the eardrum. For temperature measurement, infrared sensors are used to remotely sense the temperature of the eardrum. Thermopile, an infrared sensor, is commonly used in ear thermometer.
Pacifier Thermometers The pacifier thermometers are used to check the body temperature of babies or infants. They help measure the body temperature without irritating the baby. The thermometer is held in the mouth of the baby and the baby's natural sucking instinct is used to check its body temperature. The pacifier thermometers are very safe for checking the body temperature of babies.
Underarm or Oral Thermometers
The underarm thermometers are kept in the underarms to measure the body temperature of the patient. Likewise, the oral thermometers are held in the mouth for temperature measurement.
Food Thermometers There are many food thermometers like the dial oven-safe thermometers, digital instant thermometers, pop-up thermometers and disposable thermometers. The dial oven-safe thermometers are used for thick foods and can be placed in the food while you are cooking the food. However, the dial oven-safe thermometers are not suitable for thin and watery foodstuffs. The digital instant thermometers cannot be kept bin the food while cooking. These thermometers read the temperature within 10 seconds. The pop-up thermometers are used to measure the temperatures of the turkeys and chicken. The disposable thermometer strips are used to measure the temperature of food after they are cooked and they change the color according to the temperature. The color of these thermometer strips can be matched to a chart, which gives the corresponding temperature of food.
Outdoor Thermometers The outdoor thermometers are used to measure the temperature of the surrounding air. Wireless outdoor thermometers are very popular these days.
Types of Thermometers - Mechanism
Mercury and Alcohol Thermometers
Mercury thermometers have mercury filled in a glass tube and has a glass bulb at the bottom. As the temperature increases, the mercury rises in the glass tube. The glass tube is calibrated in Celsius, Fahrenheit or both. The rise in mercury determines the temperature according to the calibration. Alcohol thermometers have ethanol or toluene instead of mercury in the glass tube. All the other mechanism of the thermometer are same as that of the mercury thermometer. They are used as clinical thermometers and outdoor thermometers.
Digital Thermometers Digital thermometers use thermocouples or thermistors to sense the change in temperature and display the temperature on a digital display. They are widely used as clinical, outdoor and food thermometers. Infrared thermometers use the infrared sensors to determine the temperature and have a digital display.
Various types of thermometers are available today, instead of the traditional mercury thermometers. These are the different types of thermometers that are used to measure temperature.
Ethanol-filled thermometers are used in preference to mercury for meteorological measurements of
minimum temperatures, and can be used down to -70°C. [ As is the case with many early and important inventions, there are several people credited with its invention. These include Ferdinando II de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany, who in 1654
Infrared thermometers measure temperature using blackbody radiation (generally infrared) emitted from objects. They are sometimes called laser thermometers if a laser is used to help aim the thermometer, or non-contact thermometers to describe the device’s ability to measure temperature from a distance.
A Beckmann thermometer is a device used to measure small differences of temperature, but not absolute temperature values. It was invented by Ernst Otto Beckmann (1853 – 1923), a German chemist, for his measurements of colligative properties in 1905.[1]. Beckmann Today its use has largely been superseded by electronic measuring devices.
A Beckmann thermometer's length is usually 40 – 50 cm. The temperature scale typically covers about 5 o C and it is divided into hundredths of a degree. With a magnifier it is possible to estimate temperature changes to 0.001 oC.
