INPUT DEVICES

Maninder Kaur
professormaninder@gmail.com

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 Device: is an instrument that performs a
simple task.
 Input: something put into a system.

 An input device is any peripheral used to

provide data and control signals to a
computer.

 An input device is any tool device for entering

information into a computer.

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 Keyboard

 Mouse

 Trackball

 Joystick

 Light Pen

 Digitizer

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 Scanner

 Optical Character Recognition (OCR)

 Optical Mark Reader

 Optical Bar Reader

 MICR (Magnetic Ink Character Recognition)

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 FU NCTION NUMERIC
KEY PAD

CURSOR
MODIFIER AIPHANUMERIC MOVEMENT
KEY KEY KEY

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 Keyboard is a input device used for entering
data into computer by pressing one key at one
time.

 It has its own processor and circuitry that

carries information to and from that processor.

 The key matrix is a grid of circuits underneath

the keys.

Microprocessor & Controller Circuitry of Keyboard

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 When you press a key, it presses a switch,
completing the circuit and allowing a tiny
amount of current to flow through.

 It tells the processor the position of each key

in the matrix and what each keystroke or
combination of keystrokes represents.

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 Most keyboards have between 80 and 110 keys,
including: Typing keys ,a numeric keypad, function
keys and control keys.

 Using a keyboard, a person can type a document, use

keystroke shortcuts, access menus, play games and
perform a variety of other tasks.

 Keyboards can have different keys depending on the

manufacturer, the operating system they're designed
for, and whether they are attached to a desktop
computer or part of a laptop.

 But for the most part, these keys, also called keycaps,

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 QWERTY Layout

 DVORAK Layout

 ABCDE

 XPeRT

 AZERTY

Each is named for the first keys in the pattern. The

QWERTZ and AZERTY arrangements are commonly
used in Europe.

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Advantages of Keyboard
 Reliable for data input of text and numbers.
 Usually supplied with a computer so no
additional cost.

Disadvantages of Keyboard
 Users may be slow for not very accurate typists.
 Slow for accessing menus etc. and difficult to use
if you want to move objects around the screen.
 Difficult for people unable to use keyboards
through paralysis or muscular disorder.

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 The mouse is used to control the movement of a
pointer on the screen when it is moved
horizontally over a flat surface.

 A ball under the mouse rotates when it is moved

and turns two rods, one for left/right and one for
up/down.

 Buttons on the mouse let you select options 

from menus and drag objects around the screen
etc. Some models are now wireless.

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 Mechanical Mouse
◦ A mouse that uses a rubber ball that makes contact
with wheels inside the unit when it is rolled on a
pad or desktop.

 Optical Mouse
◦ A mouse that uses light to detect movement. It
emits a light and senses its reflection as it is
moved,

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Advantages
 Moves cursor around the screen faster than
using keystrokes
 Usually supplied with a computer so no
additional cost.
 All computer users tend to be familiar with
using them.

Disadvantages
 They need a flat space close to the computer.
 Requires moving hand from keyboard to
mouse and back.

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 A trackball is a pointing device consisting of a
ball held by a socket containing sensors to
detect a rotation of the ball about two axes—
like an upside-down mouse with an exposed
protruding ball.

 Instead of moving the whole mouse around,

the user rolls the trackball only, which is on
the top or side.

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Advantages of Trackball
 Ideal for use where flat space close to the

computer is limited.
 Can be useful with laptops as they can be

built into the computer keyboard or clipped

on.

Disadvantages of Trackball
 Not supplied as standard so an additional

cost and users have to learn how to use them.

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 A joystick is an input device consisting of a stick
that pivots on a base and reports its angle or
direction to the device it is controlling.

 Joysticks are often used to control video games,

and usually have one or more push-buttons
whose state can also be read by the computer.

 Joysticks are often used for playing computer

games such as flight simulators. They can also be
used to control the movement of a wheelchair or
other machinery.

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 CLICK
BUTTON

STICK

SOCKET

LIGHT
INDICATOR

BALL
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 Advantages of Joystick
 Easy to learn to use.  Very simple design so

they can be inexpensive.

 Disadvantages of Joystick
 Control can be a bit crude as the directions in

simple joysticks are limited to forward,

backwards, left and right. 
 Better models offer diagonal movement or

better.

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 A light pen is a computer input device in the
form of a light-sensitive wand used in
conjunction with a computer's CRT TV set or
monitor.

 It allows the user to point to displayed objects,

or draw on the screen, in a similar way to a touch
screen but with greater positional accuracy.

 A light pen can work with any CRT-based display,

but not with LCD screens ,projectors and other
display devices.

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 A digitizer is a input device used for converting
pictures, maps and drawing into digital form for
storage in computer.

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 A Touch screen is an electronic visual display
that can detect the presence and location of a
touch within the display area.

 The term generally refers to touching the

display of the device with a finger or hand.

 Touch Screens can also sense other passive

objects, such as a stylus. However, if the
object sensed is active, as with a light pen,
the term touch screen is generally not
applicable.
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 Scanning devices are input devices used for
direct data entry in to a computer system.

IMAGE SCANNER

FLATBED HANDHELD
SCANNER SCANNER

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 A flatbed scanner is a copier machine consist
of a box having a glass plate on the top and
lid that cover the glass plate.

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 A hand held scanner has a set of light emitting
diode encased in small case that can be held in
hand.

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 OCR is used to convert the bitmap images of a
character into ASCII codes
 It can recognize many different OCR fonts, as well as
typewriter & computer-printed characters.
 Advanced OCR systems can recognize hand printing.
 OCR software analyzes the light and dark areas of the
bitmap in order to identify each alphabetic letter and
numeric digit.
 Hand printing is much more difficult to analyze than
machine-printed characters.

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OCR-A
FONT

OCR-B
FONT

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 OMR are used to recognizing a pre-specified
type of mark made by pencil or pen.

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 Bar code readers can read bar codes—patterns of printed
bars.

 Lines of different widths and sizes representing data that,

when read, will determine what the scanned object is. Bar
codes are often used to help organize and be able to index
information or prices about an object.
 Barcode readers and scanners

 A barcode reader or scanner also known as a point of sale

(POS) scanner are hardware devices capable of reading a
barcode and printing out the details of the product and/or
logging that product into a database so a company can
easily keep track of its inventory
 .

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 A barcode reader consists of a scanner , a
decoder , & cable used to connect the reader
with a computer.
 Data coded in the form of small line are known

as bar code.
 It directs a beam of light across the bar code &

measures the amount of light that is reflected

back.
 The scanner converts the light energy into

electrical energy, which is then converted into

data by decoder & forwarded to a computer.
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 MICR is used in banking industry for faster
processing of a large number of cheques daily.
 MICR characters are printed in special typefaces

with a magnetic ink or toner.

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 It allows a person to input data to a computer
system by speaking to it.

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