CRIMINAL PROCEDURE
CODE
Forensic Science
Fatime Javed
LLB 5 years (16 FA) 07
Submitted to Fatima
Murad
[DATE]
[COMPANY NAME]
[Company address]
Forensic Science:
The term forensic science involves forensic (or forensis, in Latin), which means a public
discussion or debate. In a more modern context, however, forensic applies to courts or the
judicial system. Combine that with science, and forensic science means applying scientific
methods and processes to solving crimes. The application of scientific methods and techniques
to matters under investigation by a court of law.
From the 16th century, when medical practitioners began using forensic science to writings in
the late 18th century that revealed the first evidence of modern pathology, to the formation of
the first school of forensic science in 1909; the development of forensic science has been used
to uncover mysteries, solve crimes, and convict or exonerate suspects of crime for hundreds of
years.
The extraordinary scientific innovations and advancements in forensic science have allowed it
to become a highly developed science that involves a number of disciplines and thousands of
forensic scientists specializing in everything from DNA and botany to dentistry and tool-marks.
Nature of forensic science:
The nature of forensic science includes within itself the study and application of
Chemistry, Biology, Physics, and Geology useful for determining evidential value of crime scene
and related evidence. This collective body of knowledge helps in identifying, analyzing, tracking,
and differentiating the evidences of a crime scenes and helps us in identifying the criminal.
Forensic science is all about analysis of scientific evidence collected from the crime scene for
the investigation purpose. Experts of forensic science visit the crime scene immediately for
collecting the scientific evidences, then they analyze the collected evidences in forensic labs.
Forensic experts must have good knowledge about the local criminal laws. Police, investigation
and law enforcement agencies cannot go forward in many criminal cases without their help.
Sometimes they have to appear in court as witness and opponent lawyers reserve the right to
cross examine them. So they must have good knowledge about their field and convincing
arguments in defense of their reports.
Scope of forensic Science:
Forensic science has shaped the world of justice, fuelling crime investigations and signifying the
progress of modern technology. Forensic science of today covers:
· Modern computer/clay facial reconstruction;
· DNA fingerprinting;
· Autopsy techniques;
· Forensic anthropology;
· Toxicology and much more.
Importance of forensic Science:
The following contributions of forensic science make the subject important on many fronts;
1. Crime Solving Contribution:
Forensic science contributes to solving crimes through investigative activities like
determining the cause of death, identifying suspects, finding missing persons and profiling
criminals.
2. Determining Cause of Death:
Forensic pathologists determine someone's cause of death by performing autopsies.
During these procedures, they examine fluids and tissues from a body to find out the cause of
death and the manner of death (for example, natural causes or homicide).
3. Identifying Suspects:
Forensic scientists can identify suspects by analyzing evidence found at the scene of a
crime---such as fibers, hairs, blood and fingerprints. These methods are also used to exonerate
the innocent.
4. Finding Missing Persons:
Forensic artists can help find people who have been missing for long periods of time
through the process of image modification. In this technique, a photograph is aged to illustrate
what someone may look like years after last being seen. This is also a tool that is used to find
criminals who have eluded justice.
5. Profiling Criminals:
Forensic psychologists use profiling to help find suspects. By analyzing a crime scene,
they are able to determine a criminal's patterns and personality in an effort to narrow the
suspect pool.
6. Provide Additional Information:
Forensic science and experts provide an important source of information for criminal
proceedings .They expertise from mass graves is no exception: findings from exhumations and
examinations have featured in the ad hoc tribunals’ trials and judgments.
