University of Engineering and Technology Lahore
Department of Mechatronics and Control Engineering
LAB: Z-Transform and its Properties
OBJECTIVE:
To familiarize with Z-transform
To become familiar with basic properties of the system such as linearity and multiplication by scalar
number
To become familiarize with symbolic math tool
To understand the stability of discrete time signal by analyzing location of poles in z plane.
Pole zero cancelation and multiple poles on same location unit circle (marginally stable system
becomes unstable)
BACKGROUND:
Z-transform is defines as:
N
−k
X ( z ) =∑ x [ k ] z
k=0
Linearity property of z-transform is defined as:
ax1[n]+bx2[n] → aX1(z)+bX2(z)
TASK:
1. Write some sinusoidal function and find out its z-transform.
Use symbolic tool in order to get the result of z-transform in discrete time domain.
2. For each of the systems in (1) use and verify properties.
Write two functions, take their z-transform separately then sum up these results. Secondly sum up
the given functions in discrete time domain then take z-transform. Verify both results are equal
(Linearity Property).
Take a discrete time function, multiply with a scalar quantity then take z-transform. Now take z-
transform of given function then multiply with a scalar quantity. Show that both results are same.
COMMANDS:
ztrans, zplane.
Comments:
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TASK CODES:
Code 1:
a=0.8,
MCT 413 : Discrete Signal Processing
Department of Mechatronics and Control Engineering, U.E.T. Lahore
University of Engineering and Technology Lahore
Department of Mechatronics and Control Engineering
syms n z
%x1_n=a^n
x1_n=sin((2*pi*n)/7)
y=ztrans(x1_n,n,z)
%x2_n=a^n-1
x2_n=sin(((2*pi*(n))/7)-((2*pi)/7))
z=ztrans(x2_n,n,z)
Code 2:
syms n z
%a=2;
%ztrans(a^n,n,z)
%this can also be solved if we use ztrans(0.8^n)only the time variable
x1=sin((2*pi*n)/7);
x2=cos((pi*n)/3);
x1_z=ztrans(x1,n,z)
x2_z=ztrans(x2,n,z)
x_sum=x1_z+x2_z
xsum1=ztrans(x1+x2,n,z)
y=x_sum-xsum1 % now for linearity
Code 3:
syms n z
%a=0.8; b=2;
y=sin((2*pi*n)/7)
t=ztrans(y,n,z)
%A=[1.6 -2.8 1];
%B=[0 -1.2 0]
[n,d]=numden(t)
a=solve(n)
b=solve(d)
a=double(a)
b=double(b)
zplane(a,b)
grid on
Code 4:
syms n z
A=0.5;
x1=sin((2*pi*n)/7);
x1_z=ztrans(x1,n,z)
MCT 413 : Discrete Signal Processing
Department of Mechatronics and Control Engineering, U.E.T. Lahore
University of Engineering and Technology Lahore
Department of Mechatronics and Control Engineering
x=x1_z*A;
x1_n=x1*A;
x2_z=ztrans(x1_n,n,z)
y=x-x2_z % now for multiplication by constant
Code 5:
clc,clear,close
% Set up vector for zeros
z = [j ; -j];
% Set up vector for poles
p = [-1 ; .5+.5j ; .5-.5j];
figure(1);
zplane(z,p);
title('Pole/Zero Plot for Complex Pole/Zero Plot Example');
Pole/Zero
Pole/ZeroPlot
Plotfor
forComplex
ComplexPole/Zero
Pole/ZeroPlot
PlotExample
Example
11
0.8
0.8
0.6
0.6
0.4
0.4
Part
0.2
ImaginaryPart
0.2
Imaginary
00
-0.2
-0.2
-0.4
-0.4
-0.6
-0.6
-0.8
-0.8
-1
-1
-1
-1 -0.5
-0.5 00 0.5
0.5 11
Real
RealPart
Part
MCT 413 : Discrete Signal Processing
Department of Mechatronics and Control Engineering, U.E.T. Lahore
