Name : Annisa Gina Vania

NIM : 181431003
Class : 2 Analis Kimia
UNIT 6 Patterns of Paragraph
LISTING
Task 1
1.
a) Topic : Restaurant
b) Main Idea : Judy really love restaurant
c) Pattern Signal : Loves, Favorites, Another, Often

Signal Details
Loves Judy really loves restaurant, and she would eat out every
day if she could.
Favorites One of her favorites is the Italian restaurant.
Another Another is the deli and sandwich shop near her house.
Often She also often eats at the Greek snack bar near the
university
2.
a) Topic : Computer
b) Main Idea : Computer’s problems
c) Pattern Signal : One, Another, Or, Different

Signal Details
One One kind of problems is with the computer’s memory. It is
not perfect, so sometimes computers lose important
information.
Another Another problem is with the machinery. Computers are
machines, and machines can break down. When computers
break down, they may erase information, like chalk on a
blackboard.
Or Or they may stop doing anything at all
Different And there is another different kind of problem with
computers. Some doctors say they may be bad for your
health. They say you should not work with computers all
day.

3.
a) Topic : Computer
b) Main Idea : Funny language of Computer
c) Pattern Signal : Example, Also, Another, Don’t
Signal Details
Example For example, we say computers have “memory”. We know
they do not really remember or think. But we still say
“memory”.
Also Also, on many computer programs there is “menu”. Of
course we are not talking about restaurants or food. This is
a different kind of menu.
Another Another funny example is the “mouse” in some computers.
It is hard to think about real mouse when you hear the
word.
Don’t do not worry: there are no little grey animals in the
machine

4.
a) Topic : Great vacation
b) Main Idea : People ideas for a great vacation.
c) Pattern Signal : Some, Others , Still, A few

Signal Details
Some Some people like to go away to a remote, silent forest,
where they will not see anyone for days at a time”.
Others Others prefer to spend their in an exciting city like New
York, where they walk through crowded museums all day
and dance at discos all night
Still Still others enjoy the seashore, where they can spend their
days in the brisk salt air and allow the ocean waves to wash
away their thoughts of home and work.
A few A few people decide to be practical and spend their
vacation time at home, doing major household projects,
such as painting the house or re-building a porch.

Time Order
Task 2
1.
a) Topic : Bicycle
b) Main Idea : Checking bicycle to work safely.
c) Pattern Signal : First, Next, After, Finally

Signal Detail
First First, he checked the tires to make sure they had enough
air. Then, he cleaned the frame and rims of the tires
Next Next, he oiled the axle
After After that, he checked the cable for gears.
Finally And finally, he examined the brakes to make sure they
were adjusted for quick stops in the city traffic
2.
a) Topic : Vietnam War
b) Main Idea : The second part of Vietnam War.
c) Pattern Signal : Began in 1954, After the Frech Army Left, From 1954
until 1960, The beginning of 1965, March 1965, July 1965

Signal Detail
Began in 1954 The second part of the Vietnam War
After the French Army left there were two Vietnams: North Vietnam and South
Vietnam. There were also two governments. But both
governments wanted to be the only government for all of
Vietnam.
From 1954 until 1960 The North and South were fighting all the time. The North
Vietnamese grew slowly stronger.
The beginning of 1965 The North Vietnamese were winning the war.

March 1965 The United States sent began to help South Vietnam. They
sent guns and airplanes to help the South. At first, the
United States sent only a few soldiers.
July 1965 There were about 75, 000 American soldiers in Vietnam

3.
a) Topic : Anh Nguyen
b) Main Idea : Anh Nguyen is Vietnamese
c) Pattern Signal : in 1960, four years old, in 1972, First year of High School, in the
Fall, That Winter, All year, Spring
Signal Detail
In 1960 She was born in Hue, a large city in South Vietnam.
Four years old Her family moved to Saigon.
In 1972 She finished grammar school, and then she went to high
school.
First year of High School was a happy year for Anh. She liked her classes, especially
French and English.
In the fall she won a prize for a French paper.
That winter she decided she wanted to go study in France
All year Anh dreamed about France all year.
In the spring she did very well on her examinations.

4.
a) Topic : Plan
b) Main Idea : Fun planning when you decide to take a trip
c) Pattern Signal : First, Next, Soon, Then, Finally, After
Signal Detail
First you have to decide where to go.
Next you need to look at maps and books about the place, and
figure out how to use your time while you are there.
Soon after that, you should talk to travel agent to find out how
you travel agent to find out how you will travel, and how
much it will cost.
Then if you are going to a country with a language different from
yours, you may decide to learn a few phrases in that
language.
Finally you need to make a packing list, and check to be sure you
have everything you need
After After all this, you can relax and have a great trip.

CAUSE – EFFECT
Practice
1. Exercise can make you hungry and thirsty
Cause Exercise Effect hungry and thirsty
2. Many car accidents happen because of reckless driving.

Cause reckless driving Effect car accidents

3. Bad food and not enough sleep are two reasons for bad health.

Cause bad food&not enough sleep Effect bad health

4. Many doctors today believe that smoking cigarettes may lead to cancer.

Cause smoking cigarettes Effect cancer

5. Some people become nervous because of drinking coffee

Cause Drinking coffee Effect Nervous

6. Many fires in homes are due to careless smokers.

Cause Careless smokers Effect Fires in home

7. Heart disease is sometimes the result of eating too much.

Cause Eating too much Effect Heart disease

8. Very bright sunlight can cause your eyes to hurt.

Cause Bright sunlight Effect eyes to hurt

9. High insurance cost are one result of car accidents.

Cause Car accidents Effect High insurance

10. Serious family problems can cause illness.

Cause Serious family problems Effect Illness

 Task 3
1.
a) Topic : Car accidents
b) Main Idea : Different causes of car accidents
Causes Signal Effects
Bad weather Caused Accidents
Car problems Result Accidents
Bad roads Can cause Accidents
Bad drivers Can cause Accidents
Drivers who fall asleep Cause Many Accidents
dan drink alcohol

2.
a) Topic : Pollution
b) Main Idea : The pollution of rivers and lakes
Causes Signal Effects
Draining of all the waste water Caused Pollution of many rivers and
lakes
Tanks from ship on the harbor Causes Sea water polluted
Chemicals from factories and hospitals Caused Sea water pollution

3.
c) Topic : Coffe
d) Main Idea : Coffe as a drug
Causes Signal Effects
Coffee Help you Stay awake when driving or
working
Can also Keep awake when you want
to sleep
 Makes Some people feel more alive
Feel to Nervous
Cause Stomach ache if too much
4.
a) Topic : Aspirin
b) Main Idea : Aspirin is simple drug
Causes Signal Effects
Aspirin It can stop a headache or earache
It helps take away pain in the fingers
or knees
Can stop a fever if you have flu
It can make Feel better if you have a cold

COMPARISON AND CONTRAST

Task 4
1. What is this paragraph comparing? The food in India and The food in China
Likeness:
a) In both countries, rice is a very important food
b) Indian and Chinese cooking can be very spicy
c) they both use many different vegetables
d) In both countries, the meat dish is not always the most important dish
e) both include many different kinds of cooking
f) In India and China each part of the country has its own favorite kinds of food and way of
cooking.

2. What is this paragraph comparing? Medical care in England and in United States
Differences:
a) In England medical care is national. But in the United States they are all very expensive.
b) Everyone in England gets medical care, even poor people. It is not like this in the United
States Only Americans with a lot of money can pay for good medical care

3. What is this paragraph comparing? Tomatoes from supermarket and from home garden
Likeness Differences
Both are tomatoes Home garden tasty but supermarket taste is
very little
Both has red color Supermarket color is pale yellow-red unlike
home garden who has deep red color
Both are very popular Supermarket tomatoes hard as rocks, but the
garden one is tender
4. What is this paragraph comparing? Breakfasts from English and from American
Likeness Differences
In Both countries, people eat large breakfast In England, people usually drink tea in the
morning. However, most Americans prefer
coffee
Both include several dishes The English usually do not eat sweet things
for breakfast, but many Americans like
sweet bread or coffee cake
In Both places, they may also be some meat with
breakfast

Task 5 Identifying the Four Patterns

1. ___CE____ The tornado came from collision of the warm low front with the
cold high pressure air mass.
2. TO After the tornado had passed, the city was drowned in the heavy
rain.
3. ___CE____ The rain added problems to the disaster victim of trying to keep
dry.
4. ___TO____ Officials said that the storm was worse than any other disaster that
had struck the area during the past fifty years.
5. TO There were not so many injuries as in 1950 tornado, but the
property damage was ten times as great.
6. ___CE____ Two hundred and fifty families were left homeless by the storm.
7. ___TO____ In the past few months, the city has had many trouble: sewerage
water flood, high unemployment, a water shortage, a flu epidemic, and now a
tornado
8. ___L____ The people have shown patience, courage, ingenuity, and a
remarkable sense of humor.
9. ___CE____ The trouble seemed to inspire many people to behave unselfishly.
10. ___CC____ Although the Citizen were too confused to do anything, a few of
the men began to organize volunteer to cleaning up.

Task 6
1. D. The kitchen in Linda’s new house had many problems. The first problem
was the sink. The water did not go down the drain. And finally, there was also a
problem with the refrigerator. Water came pouring out and it made a terrible
mess. Another problem was with the stove. It did not get very hot
 Pattern
Listing
2. B Linda had a time in her new house last week. On Monday, the sink was
not draining well. She had to call the repair company. Next, on Wednesday, the
stove broke. The repair person had to come back to her house. The repair person
spent many hours working in Linda’s house that week. And then, on Friday the
refrigerator made a terrible mess
Pattern Time
Order
3. A Linda thought the problem with the stove was serious. But then she found out that
the refrigerator problem was worse. The stove was not easy to fix. But then the
refrigerator was much more difficult. It was also much more expensive to fix the
refrigerator. The refrigerator was much messier than the sink problem.
Pattern Comparison-Contrast

4. E Linda had difficult week because of all the problems in her house. She
could not cook any food because the stove did not work. And then, all her food
was ruined because the refrigerator broke. She had to throw it all away. Linda
was upset. She almost decided to sell her new house. She could not wash her
dishes because of the broken sink
Pattern Cause-
Effect