ENGLISH

FOR
NURSING

i
English for Nursing

This book contains fully reflects four skills (listening,

speaking, reading, and writing) concerning with the fact
that teaching English from general English to specific
English in Nursing is needed recently. It has to be
anticipated by English teachers, not in teaching the
language only but more on the specific contents and
approaches related to cognitive, affective and
psychomotor. To be professional nurses, they need to be
prepared with English as a tool of universal
communication: able to think, judge and act in nursing
field. As solution, this book is completed with book
mapping, alternative assessment and evaluation guide for
teacher, student, and expert who is useful for English in
nursing development. Each chapter in this book focuses
on communicative competence in nursing process:
understanding speaking in nursing care, reporting in
nursing care, and presentation of nursing activity and its
situation related to nursing care which is usually done in
the hospital or other health services. Hopefully, this book
will be useful and informative, and that it will contribute
to delivery of high quality in nursing.

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CONTENS ENGLISH FOR NURSING
UNIT 1 – HOSPITAL TEAM - 1
UNIT 2 – HOSPITAL ADMISSION - 5
UNIT 3 – PAIN - 11
UNIT 4 – FOOD AND NUTRITION - 15

APPENDICES
GUIDELINE FOR PRESENTATION – 20
GUIDELINE FOR SPEECH – 25
GUIDELINES FOR DEBATE – 31

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 COMPETENCIES
LEARNING OUTCOME
Mahasiswa mampu memahami dan menerapkan komunikasi
bahasa Inggris dalam teks lisan dan tulisan berdasarkan tata
bahasa secara benar dan teknik komunikasi dalam percakapan
dan presentasi yang akurat, lancar, berterima, serta praktik
kedalam ruang lingkup pelayanan dan pekerjaan keperawatan
baik dalam praktik klinik/komunitas maupun pada
pembelajaran di kelas dan/atau di laboratorium

ACHIEVEMENT PLAN
Menganalisis dan Melakukan komunikasi bahasa Inggris dalam
teks lisan dan tulisan berdasar tata bahasa secara benar dan
teknik komunikasi dalam tindakan asuhan keperawatan.

INDICATORS
1. Menyebutkan vocabulary and useful expression.
2. Mempraktikan percakapan antara perawat dan pasien.
3. Menjelaskan teks tertulis
4. Membuat laporan teks tertulis dan lisan.

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English for nursing – Diploma nursing study program
HOSPITAL TEAM

a. Look at the picture!

- Which room did you ever visit? Tell to your friend

b. Work with a partner. Who are they? describe each job and
their place briefly.
anesthetist :
cardiologist :
consultant :
lab technician :
midwife :
pediatrician :
paramedic :
pharmacist :
physiotherapist :
porter :
radiologist :
receptionist :
scrub nurse :
surgeon :
c. Verbs for describing jobs Complete these descriptions of jobs
with the verbs below, and match each one with a job.
moves performs specializes
gives examines prepares
supports treats takes
delivers

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 English for nursing – Diploma nursing study program
1 A pediatrician treats children.
2 A ____ attends births and _________babies.
3 A ___________ in illnesses of the heart and blood vessels.
4 A ___________ equipment, furniture, patients, etc. around the
hospital.
5 A ___________ x-rays and other images.
6 A ___________ surgeons in the operating theatre.
7 A ___________ medicines to give to medical staff or patients.
8 A _____ responds to emergencies and_______kkk`first aid.
9 A ___________ operations.
10 A ___________ samples and tissues under a microscope.

d. Find your partner. Choose student A/B question to interview

your pair. Make a report based on interview
Student A Student B
1. What do you think about (1) Would you rather have a male or
nursing? female nurse if you were in
2. What adjectives would you hospital?
use to describe nurses? (2) Do you think you would be a good
3. Do you think nursing is a nurse?
good career? (3) Do you think nurses get used to the
4. What do you think would be sight of blood?
the best and worst things (4) What do you think about violence
about nursing? against nurses?
5. What kind of personality do (5) If you were a nurse, in what
you need to be a good medical would you like to work?
nurse? (6) Do you think nurses need training
6. Do you think nursing is to deal with death?
dangerous? (7) What do you think of governments
7. Do you think nurses get that make nurses unemployed?
paid enough? Shouldn’t nurses have a job for
8. Are male or female nurses life?
better? (8) How can governments encourage
9. What do you think is a more people to take up nursing?
typical nurses day? (9) If you were rich, would you have
10. Do you think nurses or your own private nurse?
doctors work harder? (10) What’s the youngest you think
someone can become a nurse?

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English for nursing – Diploma nursing study program
e. Translate the text below.

f. Read the article and decide if these sentences are true(t) or

false (F).
1. The more responsibility you have, the higher your grade
2. Nursing officers are the same as auxiliary nurses.
3. Students are paid less than auxiliary nurses
4. A charge nurse is a man
5. There are not many opportunities for British nurses to
specialize
6. Many nurses say that the job is rewarding, but the pay is low.

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English for nursing – Diploma nursing study program
g. Number these jobs from the highest grade (1) to the lowest (4).
Two of them are equal.
1. a charge nurse
2. b nursing officer
3. c auxiliary nurse
4. d sister
5. e staff nurse

h. Go online and try to find the answers to the questions.

1. What is the NHS?
2. What's the starting salary for a qualified nurse in developed
country?
b. How much annual leave does a grade B nurse get?
c. How many hours a week does a nurse work?
d. What English language exam do you need to pass to work in
developed country?
e. What grades can a staff nurse be?
f. What is the salary range for a staff nurse in developed
country?

i. Find a site that advertises nursing jobs. Find a job that would
interest you in the future and find these details if possible.
job title salary and benefits
grade qualifications and experience
location how to apply
duties closing date for applications

j. Group Project
Make a group of 3. Visit a hospital/public health/clinic around
you. Make descriptive text of the hospital. Present in front of
classroom for the next meeting.

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English for nursing – Diploma nursing study program
HOSPITAL ADMISSION

Brainstorming
a. Answer these questions orally
• Have you ever been admitted to hospital?
• Do you have any stories of unusual hospital admissions?
• Describe exactly what happened.

b. Mix the story with picture.

1. I was at a party, and one of my friends gave me a little white
tablet. I'd had a few drinks and I was feeling good, and I took it,
even though 1 didn't know what it was. It made me feel, like,
really weird. I could see and hear really strange things, and it
scared me. I still don't feel normal today and I'm very worried.
2. It's not due until next month, but when I was washing up this
morning there was a little blood, it worried me. Then I got these
pains.
3. I was working high up on a ladder. My foot slipped and I fell. I
hit my head but there's no blood and 1 don’t feel too bad.
4. I was walking by the river, and 1 think 1 stepped on it and it bit
me. I don’t know what type it was but it was long and silver with
a black head.

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English for nursing – Diploma nursing study program
5. I was looking in the mirror and I saw this big spot on my face. I
checked it on the Internet and I'm sure I’ve got cancer. Do you
think I’m going to die?

Vocabulary

c. Find words and abbreviations in the patient record

with these meanings.
1 Job occupation
2 bad reactions, for example to certain
medications__________
3 family doctor__________
4 closest relative_________
5 the amount of something you eat, drink, etc.
regularly_________
6 date of birth__________
7 male / female__________
8 past illnesses and injuries __________
9 married/single/divorced/widowed__________
10 not applicable (= not a question for this patient)
_______
11 in each (day, week, etc.) __________
12 number__________

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English for nursing – Diploma nursing study program
d. Complete the form based on the dialogue below.

M=Mustapha, N=nurse N And do you have a

contact telephone number
N Mustapha, isn’t it? for your next of kin?
M Yes, that's right. M 07709 401229 - it’s my
N So, what happened to you? brother, Yusuf.
MI was working on a ladder. N Do you smoke?
It was raining and I slipped M Yes.
and fell. N How many do you smoke
N Did you hit your head? a day?
M Yes. I saw stars and felt M Twenty a day
sick at first. But now it’s N Uh huh. Do you drink?
OK. M No.
N I see. You may have N Right. Are you allergic to
concussion. First, I’ll take anything?
down your details and fill in M No.
this form. So, what's your N Now, family history. Do
surname? any of your close family
M its Hussein. suffer from any of the
N Can you spell that for me? following - mental
MH-U-double S-E-I-N. illness?
N What’s your occupation? M No.
M I’m a painter. N Diabetes?
N Right. What’s your date of M My mother's parents are
birth? both diabetic.
M First of the ninth, eighty- N Maternal
two.
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English for nursing – Diploma nursing study program
N One, nine, eighty-two... grandparents... diabetes.
and where were you born? Tuberculosis?
M Karachi, Pakistan. M No.
N What’s your marital N HIV/AIDS?
status? M No.
M Sorry?
N Are you married?
M No, I’m single.

e. Write a similar summary about Sarah Behr using the

information on the patient record below.

……………………………….……………………………….……………
………………….……………………………….…………………………
…….……………………………….……………………………….………
……………………….……………………………….……………………
………….……………………………….……………………………….…
…………………………….……………………………….………………
……………….……………………………….……………………………
….……………………………….……………………………….…………
…………………….……………………………….………………………
……….……………………………….……………………………….……
………………………….……………………………….…………………
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English for nursing – Diploma nursing study program
…………….……………………………….……………………………….
……………………………….……………………………….……………
………………….……………………………….…………………………
…….……………………………….……………………………….

Reading
Carmen Dornan
I'm a hospital receptionist. If you need to find somebody, or if
you need to know anything about the hospital - ask me. If you want new
paper towels, or you need to speak to a surgeon - ask me.
I often meet people when they are frightened, angry, or drunk,
so it’s important to be diplomatic and strong. I often need to reassure
people, so it’s important to be calm.
My normal work is to greet and assist patients when they arrive,
make appointments for patients, record patients' information, and
organize and file patient records. I also keep the accounts. You need to
be very organized to do this job.
Of course, I have to operate a computer, a fax machine, and
other office equipment, but I also have to know first aid, and understand
medical terminology and abbreviations. My biggest problems are with
the handwriting of medical staff. It wastes a lot of time when I don’t
understand reports and forms because of handwriting or abbreviations.
I believe that without me and the other receptionists the whole
hospital would come to a stop.
• Read about Carmen and answer the questions.
1 What qualities does Carmen need in her job?
2 How do medical staff cause Carmen problems?
3 What does she know about medicine?
4 What are the main responsibilities of a hospital
receptionist?

Speaking
f. You are going to play the role of a patient admitted to hospital.
Invent the following details.
full name date and place of birth
allergies smoking and alcohol intake
occupation marital status
next of kin reason for admission
family history medical history

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English for nursing – Diploma nursing study program
Student A - you are the nurse. Ask Student B, the patient, questions to
complete the patient record below.

b. Write summary about your partner using information the

patient record
________________________________________________________
___________________________________________

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English for nursing – Diploma nursing study program
PAIN
BRAINSTORMING
a. Answer these question
• Are you good at dealing with pain?
• Do you have any special techniques to help you deal
with pain?
• What is your experience of looking after people in
severe pain?

VOCABULLARY
b. Match the expression with the chart below.

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English for nursing – Diploma nursing study program
c. Match this words for types of pain with their description.
a. a throbbing pain 1. feels like it is eating you in
b. a sharp pain stomach
2. comes and goes rhythmically
c. a burning pain
along path of nerve
d. a stabbing pain 3. feels like fire
e. a cramping pain 4. feels like something sharp is
stuck into you
5. vibrating one side of
head/migraine

SPEAKING
d. Work in different pairs. What kind of pain do you think the
conditions below might cause? Discuss the location and the
severity of the pain. Compare your ideas with another pair.
• broken shoulder
• appendicitis
• kidney stones
• severe migraine
• tonsillitis

e. Before you read the article, discuss these questions

with a partner.
• Can you give a definition of ‘pain'?
• Why do we feel pain?
• What would happen if you could feel no pain?

f. Read the text.

PAIN
Pain is a vital part of our body’s defenses, and without it
we could not survive.
Pain warns us what things are dangerous, and so helps
us avoid damage to our body. If the body is already damaged,
pain helps with healing because it makes us protect our injuries.
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English for nursing – Diploma nursing study program
Some babies are born with a rare condition that makes them
unable to feel pain. They do not learn the lessons that pain
teaches, and as a result suffer many fractures and infections.
Pain happens when nerve endings in our skin and our
internal organs send messages through the central nervous
system to our brain. The brain itself cannot feel pain. There are
two types of pain - acute pain, which lasts a short time and is
removed when the cause is cured, and chronic pain, which can
last a lifetime and cannot usually be treated Chronic pain must
be managed using drugs or other methods.
Drugs relieve pain in two ways. Some block the nerves'
messages and prevent them getting to the brain Others change
the way the brain receives the messages, reducing their effect
Many methods of controlling chronic pain without drugs have
been developed These include hypnosis, acupuncture, massage,
and electronic
stimulation of nerves.
Pain sometimes works in strange ways It is possible, for
example, to suffer a serious injury but not feel any pain soldiers
in battle may not feel pain from wounds until after the battle.
The opposite can happen too - patients who lose a limb can
continue to feel pain in the limb long afterwards, even though it
is missing. This phantom limb pain is an example of neuropathic
pain, caused by damage to the remaining nerves.

g. Read the article, and decide if these statements are true (T)
or false (F).
1. People who are born unable to feel pain are unlucky.
2. Pain starts in the brain.
3. Chronic pain lasts longer than acute pain. _
4. All drugs which stop pain work directly on the
brain.
5. ‘Phantom limb' pain is felt by people who have lost
an arm or leg.

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English for nursing – Diploma nursing study program
WRITING
h. Work with a partner. Choose one of these areas. Write a
report about patient pain.
Kidney disease lung
appendix gastritis
ovary cancer diarrhea
liver typhoid

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English for nursing – Diploma nursing study program
FOOD AND NUTRITION

BRAINSTORMING
a. Work with a partner. How many of these foods can you name?
Can you find them in the lists below?

b. Look at the lists, and answer the questions.

1. Find two good sources of protein.
2. Find two good sources of carbohydrate.
3. Find two dairy products.
4. Find two pulses.
5. Find seven ways of cooking food.
6. Which foods on the list are high in fat?
7. Which foods contain high levels of vitamin C?
8. Which foods are low in vitamins ?
9. Which items on the list are junk foods?
10. Which food do you think is highest in calories?

c. With your partner, use the lists to create

1. the most nutritious meal possible
2. the unhealthiest meal
3. a meal for an athlete

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English for nursing – Diploma nursing study program
4. a meal for a diabetic
5. a meal for somebody who needs to lose weight.

VOCABULARY
d. Complete the descriptions of vitamins, minerals, and oils with
the words below,
teeth organs enzymes nervous system
brain eyes skin
immune system blood muscles
bones cardiovascular system cells

1
Vitamin C is needed to help the__________________ repair
itself when it is cut or damaged. It is found in fruit,
especially citrus fruit like oranges and grapefruit.
The B-vitamins keep the______________________ 2 healthy and help
reduce stress. They are found in foods like wholegrain
bread and cereals.
Vitamin A keeps the_________________3 healthy and is important for
good vision. It is found in fatty foods like butter, cheese,
whole milk, and yoghurt.
Vitamin D is needed for healthy bones and_____________________4
because it helps the body absorb calcium. Our body makes
Vitamin D when our _______________5 is exposed to
sunlight.
Calcium is needed for children’s_______________6 and teeth to grow.
It is found in foods like milk, cheese, and yoghurt.
Iron helps your_________________7 carry oxygen. If you do not get
enough iron, you will be pale and tired and you
may get anemia. Iron is found in red meats, especially
liver.
Zinc makes your______________________ .8 stronger so that you can
fight colds and infections. It is found in shellfish, nuts, and
seeds.
Omega-3 is an essential fatty acid which helps your_______________9
function well. It is found in oily fish like mackerel, sardines,
salmon, and tuna.

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English for nursing – Diploma nursing study program
Protein builds up, maintains, and replaces the tissues in your body.
Your________________10 .your “ .and your immune
system are made up mostly of protein.
Carbohydrates are sugars which are broken down by
__________________12 then stored in
13
the._____________________ as a source of energy.
Grain products such as rice, bread, and pasta are sources of
carbohydrate.
Fats fuel the body and help absorb some vitamins. They are also the
building blocks of hormones, and they insulate nervous
system tissue in the body. Unsaturated fats, found in oils
and nuts, for example, are believed to protect
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the_________________________

e. Match these words with their definitions.

1 balance a. a taking regular exercise
2 childhood b. small amounts of food that you
3 diet eat between meals
4 glucose c. sugar that the body uses for
5 active energy
6 obesity d. the time of your life when you
7 overweight are a child
8 snacks e. the correct amount of different
things
f. the type of foods that you usually
eat
g. the condition of being very fat,
in a way that is not healthy h too
heavy and fat

SPEAKING

f. Write your own food journal/schedule in one day. Prepare to

present an assessment of your food intake to the class.

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English for nursing – Diploma nursing study program
READING

g. Discuss these questions with a partner or in a group.

1 Is obesity a choice or an illness?
2 Do you think fast foods should be limited like
cigarettes (for example health warnings, high price,
special places for eating, etc.)?
3 Should overweight people pay more for health care,
plane tickets, etc.?

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English for nursing – Diploma nursing study program
WRITING
h. Research two of the following substances, and write about why
our body needs them, and what they are found in.
• Vitamin E
• Vitamin K
• Potassium
• Selenium
• Folic acid

i. Discuss with a partner what advice to give Hesta to

help her lose weight successfully and in a healthy way.
Think about these topics. Write an email replying to Hesta.
exercise what not to eat
how much weight to lose when to eat
how quickly to lose weight what to drink
what to eat other good habits

I'm Hesta, I'm 12 years old, and 190 pounds. Last year I was 160
and gained 30 pounds over the year. I exercise but it's hard, and
I just keep getting bigger. I can't seem to stop because flavors
are so good. I kind of like it but I don't at the same time. I need
help, and it would make me feel better if someone could relate...
I'm really big. Email me at echoguitarstar@yahoo.com if you
want to talk to me or give me advice. :(

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English for nursing – Diploma nursing study program
PRESENTATION
a. STUDY THE TIPS
As the scholar, we are frequently asked to present some topics.
So, it is very important to know the key of doing good presentation.
Here are some tips on doing a good presentation:
1. Appearance. If you are standing in front of people, you need to be
sure you are interesting, entertaining, and relevant.
2. Consider your audience. When you are on your presentation, you
have to know your audience, the aim of your presentation, and the
time allocated for you.
3. Structure. If you want to make an effective presentation, you have
to arrange the structure of your presentation. A good presentation
will be short, precise, and to the point. You may arrange your
presentation as follows:
- Introduction.
Welcome the audience.
Say what your presentation will be about: the aims and
objectives.
The introduction should catch the attention. Perhaps a
provocative statement or a humorous anecdote
- The point of presentation.
List your main headings and any key phrases you will use.
Don't try to say pack too much content in or you will talk
non- stop trying to get all your content and the audience will
switch off with information overload long before the end.
Use graphics or anecdotes to add variety.
- Conclusion
Briefly summarise your main points.
Answer any questions.
Thank the audience for listening. Look at the audience again,
smile and slow down.
The end should be on a strong or positive note
- Opening a floor to questions.
To open floor of question is very important for a presentation.
It is one of sing that your presentation in very interesting.

b. PRESENTATION FORMAT
Introduction
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English for nursing – Diploma nursing study program
On behalf of Company I would like to welcome you here today. My
name is Max Mustermann and I am the CFO of Global Travel.
Hi, I’m Max and I am the head of markteing of Global Travel.
Good morning/afternoon/evening ladies and gentlemen. My name is
Max Mustermann and I am delighted to be here today to talk to you
about…
I’d like to introduce my colleague Max Mustermann.
Hi everyone, I’m Max from Accounts and today I’d like to talk to you
about…

Introducing the topic

Today I am here to talk to you about…
As you all know, today I am going to talk to you about…
I would like to take this opportunity to talk to you about…
I am delighted to be here today to tell you about…
Today I would like to outline…

Structuring the presentation

My talk is divided into x parts.
I’ll start with / Firstly I will talk about… / I’ll begin with then I will
look at …
next…
and finally…
I will be glad to answer any questions that you may have at the end.
Beginning the presentation
I’ll start with some general information on…
I’d just like to give you some background information about…
Before I start, does anyone know…?
As you are all aware / As you all know…
Changing the topic/speaker
Right, let’s move on to…
This leads me to my next point, which is…
I’d now like to look at / consider…
Now I will pass you over to /hand over to Max Mustermann.
Does anyone have any questions before I move on?

Summary
To sum up…
So to summarize the main points of my talk…

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English for nursing – Diploma nursing study program
Just a quick recap of my main points…
Inviting questions
Does have anyone have any questions?
I will be happy to answer your questions now
If you have any questions, please don’t hesitate to ask
If you have any further questions, I will be happy to talk to you at the
end.

Conclusion
I’d like to conclude by…
That brings me to the end of my presentation, thank for listening / for
your attention.
Thank you all for listening, it was a pleasure being here today.
Well that’s it from me. Thanks very much.

c. READ THE TEXT

Acid Rain: Effects Felt Through the Food Chain
Acid rain describes any form of precipitation with high levels of nitric
and sulfuric acids. It can also occur in the form of snow, fog, and tiny
bits of dry material that settle to Earth.
Rotting vegetation and erupting volcanoes release some chemicals that
can cause acid rain, but most acid rain falls because of human activities.
The biggest culprit is the burning of fossil fuels by coal-burning power
plants, factories, and automobiles.
When humans burn fossil fuels, sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen
oxides (NOx) are released into the atmosphere. These chemical gases
react with water, oxygen, and other substances to form mild solutions
of sulfuric and nitric acid. Winds may spread these acidic solutions
across the atmosphere and over hundreds of miles. When acid rain
reaches Earth, it flows across the surface in runoff water, enters water
systems, and sinks into the soil.
Acid rain has many ecological effects, but none is greater than its
impact on lakes, streams, wetlands, and other aquatic environments.
Acid rain makes waters acidic and causes them to absorb the aluminum
that makes its way from soil into lakes and streams. This combination
makes waters toxic to crayfish, clams, fish, and other aquatic animals.
Some species can tolerate acidic waters better than others. However, in
an interconnected ecosystem, what impacts some species eventually

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English for nursing – Diploma nursing study program
impacts many more throughout the food chain—including non-aquatic
species such as birds.
Acid rain also damages forests, especially those at higher elevations. It
robs the soil of essential nutrients and releases aluminum in the soil,
which makes it hard for trees to take up water. Trees' leaves and needles
are also harmed by acids.
The effects of acid rain, combined with other environmental stressors,
leave trees and plants less able to withstand cold temperatures, insects,
and disease. The pollutants may also inhibit trees' ability to reproduce.
Some soils are better able to neutralize acids than others. In areas where
the soil's "buffering capacity" is low, the harmful effects of acid rain are
much greater.
The only way to fight acid rain is by curbing the release of the pollutants
that cause it. This means burning fewer fossil fuels. Many governments
have tried to curb emissions by cleaning up industry smokestacks and
promoting alternative fuel sources. These efforts have met with mixed
results. But even if acid rain could be stopped today, it would still take
many years for its harmful effects to disappear.
Individuals can also help prevent acid rain by conserving energy. The
less electricity people use in their homes, the fewer chemicals power
plants will emit. Vehicles are also major fossil fuel users, so drivers can
reduce emissions by using public transportation, carpooling, biking, or
simply walking wherever possible.
Source:
http://environment.nationalgeographic.com/environment/global-
warming/acid-rain-overview/

1. Vocabularies:
Precipitation : rain
Culprit : someone who has done wrong
Mild solution : slight liquid which a solid has been
mixed
Elevation : hill
Inhibit : to prevent
Curb : to control or limit something
Emit : to send out gas

2. Reading Comprehension: Answer these questions below!

1. What is acid rain?
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English for nursing – Diploma nursing study program
2. How does the acid rain happen?
3. What is the effect of acid rain?
4. How do you prevent acid rain?
5. What do you know about ‘buffering capacity’?

3. Reread the article and present the current issue in the class! Do not
for get to arrange your presentation into order.
_________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
___________________________________

d. PRACTICE
Choose your own topic and present it in the class! Provide the floor of
question or critical statement for the audience in the end of your
presentation.

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English for nursing – Diploma nursing study program
SPEECH
a. STUDY THE TIPS
Speaking is one of common skill in communication. Despite of
speaking personally, speaking in front of public may be burden for
some people. One of the reasons that many people fear taking the
podium is they are afraid of being the focal point of everyone’s attention
and they don’t want to make a fool of themselves. Here is the tips for
doing great public speaking which brought to you by
letstalkpodcast.com (you can watch the video for clearer tips).
1. Take the time well for your presentation.
Preparation enhances your confidence and it’s also
an opportunity to refine any weak areas in your presentation,
you can improve your presentation skills and enhance your
credibility by planning, preparation, and practice.
There are two secrets of delivering a good
presentation: preparation and practice. Take the time to
prepare properly, and your chance of success will increase
enormously.
2. Begin and end your presentation on time.
Arriving late to your presentation is simply
unprofessional; not to mention that it won’t win you any points
with your crowd. Also speaking overtime shows your audience
that you don’t value their time.
3. Know your audience
Profiling audience is the best way to relate with
them while we do our presentation. Once we know who will
be attending, structure the speech to elicit the best response
from them.
4. Dress appropriately for the audience
It is necessary to look well groomed. Make sure that
you are tidy. Always remember first impressions are strong
and very hard to change, so dress appropriately to achieve the
right firs impression.
5. Have a backup plan for visual aids used in your presentation.
You have selected to use visual aids because you
thought they would be helpful in getting your message across.
What happens when laptops fail or the room cannot

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accommodate presentation equipment? Create a plan on how
you would handle a situation like that. Always take duplicates
of all material that you cannot do without in your speech.
6. Tone down information overload.
You can overload your audience with too much
information and if you are not careful, you will lose them.
They will mentally check out.
As a speaker, you will want to present enough
information that hooks them into getting more information
from you.
7. Do not use inappropriate humor.
Humor can be a tricky thing working for you or
against you. You will really have to know your jokes or humor
appropriately.
8. Vary your speech tone.
The monotonous speaker will lose their audience
within the first 15 minutes. It’s okay to be animated during
your presentation and in fact, doing so will transmit flair and
passion that keeps people engaged in your message.
9. Relate your topic back to your audience.
Basically, stop talking about yourself. Your
audience might want to hear a testimony or two, but mostly,
they will want to hear about them and how your presentation
can help them.
10. Learning from your experience.
Remain calm when faced with hostility from the
audience can help diffuse a negative situation. Answer to
question should be kept relatively short, especially if you know
there are other questioners waiting to be heard. Silence can be
used to provoke an audience to ask questions.

b. SPEECH FORMAT
1. The Opening of Speech
Good Morning
First of all, let's Thank to Allah the all mighty who
always gives us mercy and blessing until we can attend this

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meeting without any
obstacles in this happy place and time.
Secondly may sholawat and salam be with our
prophet
Muhammad peace be upon Him, who has guided us from the
darkness to the lightness in this world as well as in the next
world.
Thirdly I'll never forget to thank Mr. Ahmad who has
given me
opportunity to deliver my speech in front of this public.

2. Contain
Standing in front of you all. I would like to present
my speech
under the tittle “……………………….”
In this opportunity, I would like to deliver my speech
under the title..........................................
At this time, I am going to present my speech under
the title...............................................

3. Closing
That is all my speech, I hope it -will be useful for us.
If I had some mistakes, please forgive me and thank you very
much for your attention.

c. SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE TALK OUTLINE

The outline for many scientific talks mirrors the scientific method:
1. Define the problem needing a solution
2. Describe the hypothesis which will explore one aspect of the
problem
3. Describe the experiment performed to test the hypothesis
1. Detail 1 — schematic
2. Detail 2 — photograph
3. Detail 3 — description
4. Show the data collected and subsequent data analysis
1. Data analysis 1 — chart
2. Data analysis 2 — chart
3. Data analysis 3 — table
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5. Draw conclusions relating back to the hypothesis
6. Suggest future actions

d. EXAMPLE
Read the text
Good morning to the respected Principal, teachers and
all my dear friends. As we have gathered here to celebrate this great
occasion, I would like to speech over health is wealth. It is a most
common saying which we generally listen by our grandparents,
parents and teachers. But, I want to ask you all that how many of
us have think about and follow this remedy in their life. We all
know that what is ‘health is wealth’ but is anyone of us have think
the real meaning of it. Now-a-days, people’s life has been so busy
that they have no time for their health maintenance, doing
exercises, talk to family members, friends, neighbours, etc because
of increasing competitions and technologies.

We should never forget that without health there is

nothing in our life. Health is more valuable for us than other things
in the life because it is the only tool of success. Unhealthy people
can never get the real joy and peace of life. This famous proverb
tells us that health is more valuable than money and other precious
things all over the world. If we suffer any disease, money can only
help us to get medicine and limited relief; however it cannot
remove diseases completely from the body. If we get relief from
one disease then it will leave other diseases as a complication. It
means weak and unhealthy body calls many diseases one by one
which we never can be free off.

We need to keep ourselves healthy and happy to easily

cope with all the problems of life. We can be healthy through
proper and daily exercises, morning walk, healthy diet, following
good habits, disciplined lifestyle, and positive thinking. Healthy
body keeps body, mind and soul happy and peaceful. A healthy
person becomes completely free from the illnesses in body and
mind and thus able to enjoy stable health and all the happiness in
the life. Being healthy for the people of any age group depends
upon the several factors like food, physical activity, pollution,
sleeping habits, way of thinking, mental condition, water, air,
sunlight, etc. Together with the physical exercises; proper care of
the body is also very necessary. Unhealthy people spend their
whole life in suffering from diseases and complaining others for
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their condition. Life is very beautiful if it is lived in right direction.
Please do not waste it by being diseased, instead live it happily. My
motto of today’s speech on this topic is only to share my feelings
to all of you for the wellness of all of us.

Thank You.

e. ASSIGNMENT
Read the tips carefully! Make a short speech relating health science.
Try to apply the relevant tips in your public speaking

Title____________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
__
Contains
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
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________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
____________________________________

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DEBATE
a. STUDY THE EXPRESSION
• Opening the discussion:
To begin with, Find out
to be …
Let's start by (V ing) The
problem here is . .
We'll start by (V ing)
We need to discuss . .
Determine to be…

• Expressing preference:
I think...
If it were up to me...
In my opinion...
I suppose...
I'd like to...
I suspect that...
I'd rather...
I'm pretty sure that...
I'd prefer...
It is fairly certain that...
The way I see it...
I'm convinced that...
As far as I'm concerned...
I honestly feel that…
I strongly believe that... Without a
doubt...
I’m in a line with you
I stand with you…

• Expressing disagreement:
I don't think that...
Don't you think it would be better...
I don't agree. I'd prefer...

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Shouldn't we consider... (bukankah kita sebaiknya…)
But what about...
I'm afraid I don't agree...
Frankly, I doubt if...
Let's face it,
The truth of the matter is...
The problem with your point of view is that...

• Giving Reasons and offering explanations:

For this reason...
That's the reason why...
Many people think....
Considering... / to consider…
Allowing for the fact that...
When you consider that...

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b. WRITE YOUR OPINION
1. All people should be vegetarians.
Agree:

Disagree:

2. All students should have an after school job.

Agree:

Disagree:

3. All students should take an online course.

Agree :

Disagree:
4. Social media comments should be protected by free
speech.
Agree:

Disagree:

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c. PRACTICE
Make group of 5, study the topic you are chosen. Debate your topic
in front of class with your pair group. Each pair should be agree and
disagree team.

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