IF CONDITIONAL

Conditional Sentences are also known as conditional clauses or if clauses. They are used to
express that the action in the main clause (without if) can only take place if a certain condition
(in the clause with if) is fulfilled. There are three types of Conditional Sentences.

 If Clause Type 1 [ Future Conditional]

Form:
if + Simple Present, will+v1/be
Example:
If I find her address, I will send her an invitation.

The main clause can also be at the beginning of the sentence. In this case, don't use a comma.
Example:
I will send her an invitation if I find her address.

Main clause and / or if clause might be negative.

Example:
If I don’t see him this afternoon, I will phone him in the evening.

Use of conditional type 1

Conditional Sentences Type 1 refer to the future. An action in the future will only happen if a
certain condition is fulfilled by that time. We don't know for sure whether the condition actually
will be fulfilled or not, but the conditions seems rather realistic – so we think it is likely to
happen.

Example:
If I find her address, I’ll send her an invitation.
It means that I want to send an invitation to a friend. I just have to find her address. I am quite
sure, however, that I will find it.

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Example:
If John has the money, he will buy a Ferrari.
It means that I know John very well and I know that he earns a lot of money and that he loves
Ferraris. So I think it is very likely that sooner or later he will have the money to buy a Ferrari.

 If Clause Type 2 [Present Conditional]

Form
if + Simple Past, would +v1/be__
Example:
If I found her address, I would send her an invitation.
Fact: I'm not find her address, so I do not send her an invitation.

The main clause can also be at the beginning of the sentence. In this case, don't use a comma.
Example:
I would send her an invitation if I found her address.
Fact: I will not send her an invitation because i’m not find her address.

Main clause and / or if clause might be negative.

Example:
If I had a lot of money, I wouldn’t stay here
Fact: I don't have lot of money, so i will stay here.

In If Clauses Type II, we usually use ‚were‘ – even if the pronoun is I, he, she or it –.
Example:
If I were you, I would not do this.
Fact: I ain't you, so I will do this.

Use of conditional type 2

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Conditional Sentences Type II refer to situations in the present. An action could happen if the
present situation were different. I don't really expect the situation to change, however. I just
imagine „what would happen if …“

Example:
If I found her address, I would send her an invitation.
It means that I would like to send an invitation to a friend. I have looked everywhere for her
address, but I cannot find it. So now I think it is rather unlikely that I will eventually find her
address.

Example:
If John had the money, he would buy a Ferrari.
It means that I know John very well and I know that he doesn't have much money, but he loves
Ferraris. He would like to own a Ferrari (in his dreams). But I think it is very unlikely that he
will have the money to buy one in the near future.

 If Clause Type 3 [Past Conditional]

Form:
if + Past Perfect, would have+v3/been__
Example:
If I had found her address, I would have sent her an invitation.
Fact: I did not find her address, so I would not send her an invitation.

The main clause can also be at the beginning of the sentence. In this case, don't use a comma.
Example:
I would have sent her an invitation if I had found her address.
Fact: I didn't send her an invitation because I didn't find her address.

Main clause and / or if clause might be negative.

Example:

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If I hadn’t studied, I wouldn’t have passed my exams.
Fact: I did study, so I did pass my exams.

Use of conditional type 3

Conditional Sentences Type III refer to situations in the past. An action could have happened in
the past if a certain condition had been fulfilled. Things were different then, however. We just
imagine, what would have happened if the situation had been fulfilled.

Example:
If I had found her address, I would have sent her an invitation.
It means that sometime in the past, I wanted to send an invitation to a friend. I didn't find her
address, however. So in the end I didn't send her an invitation.

Example:
If John had had the money, he would have bought a Ferrari.
It means that I knew John very well and I know that he never had much money, but he loved
Ferraris. He would have loved to own a Ferrari, but he never had the money to buy one.

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 Inverted Conditional

1. First Conditional [Type 1] (“Should”)

Form:
Should + S + infinitive, S + will/may/can + Infinitive/ Imperative
Example:
If he remembers his own name, we’ll be able to help him.
To invert this:
1. Replace “if” with “should.”
2. Replace the verb with the bare infinitive. (“goes” →” go,” “has” → “have,” am/is/are →
“be”)
Inverted version:
Should he remember his own name, we’ll be able to help him.

2. Second Conditional [Type 2] (“Were”)

We can use the second conditional to talk about something in the future that probably isn’t
going to happen.
Form:
Were + S + (to- infinitive), S+ would/could + Infinitive
Example:
If he pushed the button, we’d all have problems.
To invert this:
1. Replace “if” with “were.”
2. Change the verb to the infinitive form (with “to”).
Inverted version:
Were he to push the button, we’d all have problems.

3. Third Conditional [Type 3] (“Had”)

Form:
Had + S + Past Participle, S + would/could/might + have + Past Participle
Example:

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If we’d arrived sooner, we wouldn’t have missed the beginning.
To invert this:
1. Delete “if.”
2. Invert the subject and the auxiliary. (“we had” → “had we”)
Inverted version:
Had we arrived sooner, we wouldn’t have missed the beginning
.
4. Negative Inverted Conditionals.
One rule:
Add “not” after the subject.
 First conditional:
Should Batman not come, we’re in big trouble. But don’t worry, he always comes.
 Second Conditional:
Were Anna not a smart person, she’d give all her money to Shady Nick.
 Third Conditional:
Had Anna not voted, the dolphin would have won.

5. Unless Inverted Conditionals

We can use unless in an if Clause. Unless means the same as if...not. Like if, unless is
followed by a present tense, a past tense, or a past perfect tense (never by a conditional).
Unless is used instead of if...not in conditional sentences of all types. The order of the
clauses doesn't matter with sentences using unless.
Example:
You will be sick if you don't stop eating.
Inverted version:
You'll be sick unless you stop eating.

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Questions :
1. Had the company not raised John’s salary, he would have looked for another job.
We may conclude from the underlined sentences that John ....
a. doesn’t like the job
b. didn’t leave his present job
c. is looking for another job
d. found a better paying job
e. couldn’t find a good job

2. Had they invited fewer people, the party could have been held at their house.
We may conclude that ....
a. it was only a small party
b. their house was crowded with people
c. the party was held at the Hyatt Hotel
d. the guests enjoyed the party at their house
e. not many people invited to the party came

3. “Your drawing was very good.”

“I could have done better if I ... more time”
a. have had
b. had
c. had had
d. will have had
e. would have

4. “Why did you leave the job?”

“I ... if the pay had been better.”
a. will stay
b. have stayed
c. may stayed
d. would stay

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 e. would have stayed

5. The inverted version of “If you tell her the truth, she will forgive you.” Is….
a. Should you tell her the truth, she will forgive you.
b. If you were telling the truth, she will forgive you.
c. Should were telling you the truth, she would forgive you.
d. Had gotten telling the truth, she wouldn’t forgive you.
e. None of them are right

6. “If the teacher didn’t give homework, the students would study for SBMPTN.” We can
conclude that….
a. The teacher didn’t give the homework
b. The teacher gives homework so the students study for SBMPTN
c. The teacher gives homework so the students don’t study for SBMPTN
d. The teacher gives homework so the students are smart
e. The teacher is smart so the students do the homework

7. If we ….. a lot of soda, we will get sick.

a. Would drink
b. Drink
c. Would have drunken
d. Drank
e. Would drank

8. _____ make a mistake, they’d fire me.

a. If were
b. Had
c. Were I to
d. I would
e. Can

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9. If the student had got enough sleep, she ….. difficulties in reading the material.
a. Wouldn’t have faced
b. Wouldn’t has faced
c. Would face
d. Faced
e. Has would faced

10. If the phone rang, we ……….. immediately to the office.

a. Go
b. Went
c. Would have went
d. Would go
e. Have gone

11. If I had seen the concert, I …… you about it last night.

a. Told
b. Have told
c. Would have told
d. Wouldn’t tell
e. Tell

12. Had Juki not interfered in his boyfriend’s marital problems, there …….. peace between
them.
a. None of all
b. Was
c. Were been
d. Would will
e. Would have been

13. If I had known that you were in Bandung, I would have shown you some interesting places
'....'

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 a. Thank you for showing me around Bandung
b. Thank you. I will really enjoy it
c. I'm sorry, I didn't have time to write you before I left for Bandung
d. That's good idea. I haven't had time to go around Bandung
e. Yes, it was such an interesting trip

14. If the company's personal department had mailed the letter earlier, I would not have been
too late for the interview. We can conclude that....
a. I didn't want to be interviewed
b. The company didn't send the letter
c. I went through the interview
d. The letter came to early
e. I missed the interview

15. If I had not quarreled with Hasan, I could have gone to the party with him.
It can be conclude that .... to the party
a. perhaps I will go with Hasan
b. Hasan promised to go with me
c. I didn't go with Hasan
d. Hasan would like to go with me
e. I went with Hasan

16. 'I'm sorry. Our football team has lost'

'....'
a. You wouldn't if you trained harder
b. You won't, id you trained harder
c. You wouldn't, if you would trained harder
d. You wouldn't have, if you had trained harder
e. You don't if you have trained harder

17. If we had left the house earlier, they….(be; negative) so late getting to the ship.

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 a. Should not has beeing
b. Should not have been
c. Should has been
d. Would have been
e. Would not have been

18. If Maria had obeyed her mother’s advice to accept the scholarship,...
a. She would have graduated from famous university.
b. She will graduate from famous university.
c. She graduates from famous university.
d. She graduated from famous university.
e. She is graduate from famous university.

19. They would have lost their bag if they…..(leave) it in the hotel.
a. Had left
b. Has been leave
c. Leaving
d. Had leave
e. Has beeing leaving

20. They would call you immediately if they….(need) help.

a. Are need
b. Needed
c. Needing
d. Is needed
e. Need

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Answers :
1. B
Reason: the sentence use third type inverted conditional and the company raised John's
salary, so John still work in his present job.
2. C
Reason: the sentence use third type of inverted conditional and the people that they're
invited weren't few, so they couldn't hold the party at their home.
3. C
Reason: this is type 3 conditional sentence, so the answer must be had.
4. E
Reason: the sentence is type 3 conditonal and the paid wasn't better since before he
answer that question, predictly this case has not happened.
5. A
Reason: the sentence is type 1. Type 1 for inverted version is replacing the word if and
the verb is in the present tense.
6. C
Reason: It's asking for the fact. in the conditional sentence, the if clause is in the positive
form while the main clause is in the negative form.
7. B
Reason: The sentence is the form of type 1
8. C
Reason: Inverted version of type 2
9. A
Reason: Type 3
10. D
Reason: look up to the form of the conditional type 2. Why type 2? The verb in the if
clause is using the past tense of ring.
11. C
Reason: we see that this is the type 3 by looking the word 'had'
12. E

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 Reason: we have to remember that if the word 'had' is in the first, then it is an inverted
conditional. After that see on what type does this sentence belongs to. and it is on the type
3, so the form is always having the word 'would have'
13. C
Reason: because I didn't know that you are in Bandung, so did not show you some
interesting places and your answer is saying sorry that you not have anytime to call or
message me
14. E
Reason: because the letter that company's personal department give was so much take
my time and as this reason goes on me that's make my interview had gone too late.
15. C
Reason: because Hasan did quarreled with me so I couldn't go to the party with him
16. D
Reason: because this dialog is similar as conditional sentence type 3 which is the
condition was already too late to fulfill.
17. E
Reason: because it is conditional sentence type 3
18. A
Reason: because it is conditional sentence type 3
19. A
Reason: because it is conditional sentence type 3
20. B
Reason: because it is conditional sentence type 2

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 References

https://www.caramudahbelajarbahasainggris.net/2015/03/35-contoh-soal-conditional-sentence-
beserta-jawaban.html
Tim Penulis Neutron. Bahasa Inggris Kelas XII. 2017. Yogyakarta: Penerbitintegral

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Author’s Biodata

M. Fawwaz Naufal

Bella Dina Fitriyani

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Hilary A. A

Inneke Putri O. H

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R. Gati Widyantono

Puspita Indah A

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