Angles and Degree Measures
• An angle with its vertex at the origin and its
initial side along the positive x-axis is said to
be in standard position.
• Two angles in standard position are
coterminal angles if they have the same
terminal side. Since angles differing in
degree measure by multiples of 360 are
equivalent, every angle has infinitely many
coterminal angles.
Ex.1 identify coterminal angles for...
A) 45
B) 225
• Reference angle- is defined as the acute
angle formed by the terminal side and the x-
axis.
Ex.2 Find the measure of the reference angle
for each angle.
A) 120
B) -135
Radian- another type of angle measure.
Ex.3 Change 330 to radians.
Ex.4 change Radians to degree measure.
Ex.5 identify one positive and one negative
coterminal angle for...
A)
B)
C)
Ex.6 Sketch the angle then find the measure
of the reference angle for each angle.
A)
B)
C)
D)
Arc Length Formula
• s is the arc length
• r is the radius
• theta is the angle produced by the arc in
radians.
Ex.7 Find the length of an arc with a central
angle of and a radius of 30.
Special Right Triangles
• Right triangles whose angle measures
are 45-45-90 or 30-60-90.
45-45-90: the hypotenuse is ____ times as
long as the leg.
30-60-90: the hypotenuse is twice as long
as the shorter leg, and the longer leg is ___
times as long as the shorter leg.
Ex.1 Find the missing sides
Ex.2 Find the value of x.
Ex.3 Find the value of m and n.
Evaluating Trigonometric Ratios
Ex.1 cos(150)
Ex.2 sin(-90)
Ex.3 tan( )
Ex.4 csc(225)
Ex.5 cos(3 )
Ex.6 sec(945)
Graphing Sine and Cosine Notes Name: _______________________________ Block: ___
Parent Functions
𝑓(𝜃) = 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 𝑓(𝜃) = 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
The sine function looks like a _____. The cosine function looks like a _____.
Standard equation: 𝑓(𝜃) = 𝑎 ∙ sin(𝑏(𝜃 − ℎ)) + 𝑘 Standard equation: 𝑓(𝜃) = 𝑎 ∙ cos(𝑏(𝜃 − ℎ)) + 𝑘
Amplitude (a) is the height from the center line to the peak (or to the trough). Or we can
measure the height from highest to lowest points and divide that by 2.
2𝜋
Period the change in x to complete one full cycle. 𝑃𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑜𝑑 = 𝑏
Vertical Shift (k) is how far the function is shifted vertically from the usual position.
Phase Shift (h) is how far the function is shifted horizontally from the usual position.
Amplitude
Ex. 𝑓(𝜃) = 3𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 Ex. 𝑓(𝜃) = 2𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
Amplitude: _____ period: _____ Amplitude: _____ period: _____
Ex. 𝑓(𝜃) = −𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 Ex. 𝑓(𝜃) = −𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
Amplitude: _____ period: _____ Amplitude: _____ period: _____
Vertical Shifts
Ex. 𝑓(𝜃) = 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 + 2 Ex. 𝑓(𝜃) = 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 − 2
Amplitude: _____ period: _____ Amplitude: _____ period: _____
Ex. 𝑓(𝜃) = 3𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 + 1 Ex. 𝑓(𝜃) = −2𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 − 2
Amplitude: _____ period: _____ Amplitude: _____ period: _____
Use the given information to create a sine function
Ex. Ex.
Amplitude: 5 Amplitude:3
Period: 2𝜋 Period: 2𝜋
Vertical Shift: down 4 Vertical Shift: up 1
Ex. Write one cosine function for the graph.
Practice
1. 𝑓(𝜃) = 4𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 2. 𝑓(𝜃) = 1.5𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
Amplitude: _____ period: _____ Amplitude: _____ period: _____
3. 𝑓(𝜃) = 3𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 + 1 4. 𝑓(𝜃) = 2𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 − 1
Amplitude: _____ period: _____ Amplitude: _____ period: _____
5. 𝑓(𝜃) = 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 − 3 5
6. 𝑓(𝜃) = 2 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
Amplitude: _____ period: _____
Amplitude: _____ period: _____
7. 𝑓(𝜃) = −𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 + 3 8. 𝑓(𝜃) = −𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 + 1
Amplitude: _____ period: _____ Amplitude: _____ period: _____
9. 𝑓(𝜃) = 0.5𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 10. 𝑓(𝜃) = 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 + 3
Amplitude: _____ period: _____ Amplitude: _____ period: _____
Use the given information to create a sine function.
11. 12.
Amplitude: 5 1
Amplitude:
5
Period: 2𝜋 Period: 2𝜋
Vertical Shift: down 4 Vertical Shift: up 15
13. 14.
Phase Shifts and Period Changes
Phase Shifts
𝜋 𝜋
Ex. 𝑓(𝜃) = sin(𝜃 − 2 ) Ex. 𝑓(𝜃) = cos(𝜃 + 4 )
Amplitude: _____ period: _____ Amplitude: _____ period: _____
Ex. 𝑓(𝜃) = cos(𝜃 + 𝜋) + 1 Ex. 𝑓(𝜃) = 3sin(𝜃 − 𝜋)
Amplitude: ____ period: ____ VS: ____ Amplitude: ____ period: ____ VS: ____
Period Changes
Ex. 𝑓(𝜃) = 𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝜃 Ex. 𝑓(𝜃) = 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝜃
Amplitude: ____ period: ____ phase shift: ____ VS: ____ Amplitude: ____ period: ____ phase shift: ____ VS: ____
1 1
Ex. 𝑓(𝜃) = cos 2 𝜃 Ex. 𝑓(𝜃) = −𝑠𝑖𝑛 2 𝜃
Amplitude: ____ period: ____ phase shift: ____ VS: ____ Amplitude: ____ period: ____ phase shift: ____ VS: ____
Practice 2
1. 𝑓(𝜃) = −𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝜃 1
2. 𝑓(𝜃) = 4cos 2 𝜃
Amplitude: ____ period: ____ phase shift: ____ VS: ____ Amplitude: ____ period: ____ phase shift: ____ VS: ____
1 4. 𝑓(𝜃) = −𝑐𝑜𝑠4𝜃
3. 𝑓(𝜃) = −3sin 2 𝜃 + 1
Amplitude: ____ period: ____ phase shift: ____ VS: ____ Amplitude: ____ period: ____ phase shift: ____ VS: ____
5. 𝑓(𝜃) = −3𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝜃 1
6. 𝑓(𝜃) = 2 − 3sin 𝜃
2
Amplitude: ____ period: ____ phase shift: ____ VS: ____ Amplitude: ____ period: ____ phase shift: ____ VS: ____
𝜋
7. 𝑓(𝜃) = cos(𝜃 − 4 ) 8. 𝑓(𝜃) = sin(𝜃 + 𝜋)
Amplitude: ____ period: ____ phase shift: ____ VS: ____ Amplitude: ____ period: ____ phase shift: ____ VS: ____
𝜋 𝜋
9. 𝑓(𝜃) = 2sin(𝜃 + 4 ) 10. 𝑓(𝜃) = 𝑐𝑜𝑠2(𝜃 + 2 )
Amplitude: ____ period: ____ phase shift: ____ VS: ____ Amplitude: ____ period: ____ phase shift: ____ VS: ____
𝜋 1
11. 𝑓(𝜃) = sin (𝜃 − ) − 1 12. 𝑓(𝜃) = −cos (𝜃 + 𝜋)
4 2
Amplitude: ____ period: ____ phase shift: ____ VS: ____ Amplitude: ____ period: ____ phase shift: ____ VS: ____
Use the given information to create a sine function.
13. 14.
1 Amplitude: 5
Amplitude: 5
𝜋 Period: 4𝜋
Period: 10
Vertical Shift: up 4
Vertical Shift: up 15
15. 16.
Amplitude: 5 Amplitude: 2
𝜋 3𝜋
Period: 6 Period: 2
𝜋 5𝜋
Phase Shift: right 24 Phase Shift: left
9
Vertical Shift: up 8 Vertical Shift: down 14
17. 18.
19. 20.
21. 22.
23. The ferris wheel at the carnival is 150 feet tall. The bottom cart sits 4 feet off the ground. It takes 3
minutes to make 5 rotations.
1. What represents the amplitude?
2. What represents the midline?
3. How can you find b if you know the period?
4. Would this be a sine or cosine equation if you started at the bottom?
5. Write an equation for the ferris wheel ride if you start at the bottom and then end up at the bottom.
6. Make this into a sine equation. (you must start at a different spot on the ferris wheel which makes
this equation have a phase shift.
Tangent Notes
Parent Function for Tangent
Standard equation:
𝑓(𝜃) = 𝑎 ∙ tan(𝑏(𝜃 − ℎ)) + 𝑘
𝜋
𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑜𝑑 =
𝑏
Ex. 𝑓(𝜃) = 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃 + 1 Ex. 𝑓(𝜃) = −3𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃
Amplitude: ____ period: ____ phase shift: ____ VS: ____ Amplitude: ____ period: ____ phase shift: ____ VS: ____
𝜋
Ex. 𝑓(𝜃) = 𝑡𝑎𝑛(𝜃 + 4 ) Ex. 𝑓(𝜃) = 𝑡𝑎𝑛2𝜃
Amplitude: ____ period: ____ phase shift: ____ VS: ____ Amplitude: ____ period: ____ phase shift: ____ VS: ____
Practice
1 2. 𝑓(𝜃) = tan(𝜃 − 𝜋)
1. 𝑓(𝜃) = − 2 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃
Amplitude: ____ period: ____ phase shift: ____ VS: ____ Amplitude: ____ period: ____ phase shift: ____ VS: ____
3. 𝑓(𝜃) = 4𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃 4. 𝑓(𝜃) = 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃 − 2
Amplitude: ____ period: ____ phase shift: ____ VS: ____ Amplitude: ____ period: ____ phase shift: ____ VS: ____
1 6. 𝑓(𝜃) = −𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃 + 1
5. 𝑓(𝜃) = tan 2 𝜃
Amplitude: ____ period: ____ phase shift: ____ VS: ____ Amplitude: ____ period: ____ phase shift: ____ VS: ____
𝜋
7. 𝑓(𝜃) = tan(𝜃 + 4 ) 8. 𝑓(𝜃) = −2𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃
Amplitude: ____ period: ____ phase shift: ____ VS: ____ Amplitude: ____ period: ____ phase shift: ____ VS: ____
