Analogy Types, Master List

Master List of Common Analogy Types

The only kind of relationship between words in analogies is a clear and necessary one. In
analogy questions, the relationship between the words is more important than the meanings of
the words themselves. The most common analogy relationships include:

1. Synonyms: words that have similar meanings.

2. Antonyms: Antonyms are words that have opposite meanings.
3. Member and Class: Member and class analogies are very common problems, which
may occur in the first third of an analogy section. In this type of analogy, the first word
may be an element of the class that the second word describes, or vice versa. This
category can also be classified as "Type Of."
4. Degree of Intensity: In a degree-of-intensity analogy, the two words express a similar
concept, but one word is stronger, harsher, or more intense than the other. The degree
of intensity in the answer-pair must be the same as in the original pair. People consider
these problems to be hard. However, once you get used to them, they can become
routine.
5. Part and Whole: In this type of analogy, the first word is part of the second word. The
order can also be whole to part.
6. Definition: In a definitional analogy one of the words can be used to define the other.
This is probably the most common type of analogy problem.
7. Lack of: In this type of analogy one word describes the absence of the other word. This
sub-category of the definition type of analogy is important and common enough to
warrant a name. Example: DISHEARTENED : HOPE ::
8. Manner: This type of analogy describes the manner, way, or style by which an action is
accomplished. Example: PRATTLE : SPEAK ::
9. Function: This type of analogy describes the purpose or function of something.
Example: MNEMONIC : MEMORY ::
10. Action and Significance: In this type of analogy one word describes an action and the
other word indicates the significance of the action. Example: CURTSY : REVERENCE ::
11. Pertaining to: In this type of analogy, one word refers to the category or class the other
word belongs to. Example: DIDACTIC : TEACH ::
12. Symbol and Representation: In this type of analogy, one word stands for or represents
a concept, action, or thing. An example will illustrate. Example: CARET : INSERT::
13. Cause and effect: In this type of analogy, one word stands for the reason and the other
for the result. Example: DRUG : CURE
14. Agent and Action: In this type of analogy, one word is the agent to do the action.
Example: BRAIN : THINKING
15. Component and Product: In this type of analogy, one word is the component of the
other. Example: BUTTER : CAKE

Tips

 Learn to recognize common types of analogies. Get familiar with the above common
types.
 Before you look at the answer-choices, think of a short sentence that expresses the
 relationship between the two words.
 If more than one answer-choice fits your paraphrase, make your paraphrase more
specific.
 Eliminate answer-choices that do not have a clear and reasonably necessary
relationship.
 Never initially eliminate a choice if you are uncertain of the meaning of either word in
it.
 Watch out for eye-catchers. Beware of obvious answers! They may be there only to
mislead you.
 In hard problems, eliminate any answer-choice that reminds you (however vaguely) of
the original pair.
 When you don’t know the meaning of one of the words in the stem, work backwards
from the choices.
 Do not choose an answer with a reversed relationship.
 Do not choose answers based on the meanings of the words.
 Consider alternative meanings of words, as well as alternative parts of speech.
 If you don't know the meaning a word, try to recall if you've ever heard it in an
expression. The context of the expression may suggest the meaning of the word.

1. 1.  To define what is Analogy Test.  To distinguish the different kinds of relationship

of Analogy Test.
2. 2.  To be able to follow the suggestions on how to construct on Analogy Test.  To be
able to construct questionnaire of Analogy Test.
3. 3.  Is a comparison between two things that are usually thought to be different from each
other but have some similarities.
4. 4.  Is a type of test by which it is made up of items consisting a pair of words related to
each other.
5. 5.  The relationship of the first pair of words is equal to the relationship of the second.
6. 6. Destructors or incorrect responses must be plausible or closely related to the correct
answer to attract the examinees to the incorrect response. The process of obtaining the
correct answer is by logical elimination.
7. 7.  All options must be constructed to parallel language.  All options must be
grammatically consistent.
8. 8.  Four or more options in each item must be included to minimize guessing. If using
three options, correction formula is applied. [Right -1/2 Wrong or R-W/ 2 ]
9. 9.  Only homogeneous relationship must be included in each item.
10. 10.  FIND : LOCATE :: lose : misplace Colon stands for the phrase “is related to” 
FIND [is related to] LOCATE  LOSE [is related to] MISPLACE  Double colon (::)
stands for “in the same way that”  Or simply—FIND is to LOCATE as lose is to
misplace.
11. 11.  It is a relationship in which one word in the pair shows the purpose of the other
word.
12. 12.  SHOE is to SHOELACE as DOOR is to ________. A. Threshold B. Key C.
Transom D. Hinge
13. 13.  The similarity in these types of analogy derives from the cause on one side and its
indisputably connected effect on the other side.
14. 14.  SMOKE is to FIRE as WATER is to ________. A. H2O B. Rain C. Cloud D. Sky
15. 15.  Is a classification analogies are based on whether examples are members of the
same group or category.
16. 16.  SLICE is to LOAF as ISLAND is to ________. A. Archipelago B. Peninsula C.
Land D. Ocean
17. 17.  Is a classification analogies that are based on parts of the same whole.
18. 18.  HAND is to ELBOW as FEET is to ________. A. Led B. Toe C. Muscle D. Knee
19. 19.  Is very straight forward analogy type which is based on taking two sets of
performers and their corresponding actions.
20. 20.  OBEY is to CHILDREN as COMMAND is to ________. A. Teachers B. Principals
C. Parents D. Armies
21. 21.  Based on the actions that would be done to the object.
22. 22.  EGG is to BOIL as POTATO is to ________. A. Hash B. Mash C. Slice D. Slash
23. 23.  It is a relationship in which both words have similar meanings or a word having the
same, or nearly the same, meaning as another.
24. 24.  DIG : ESCAVATE :: KILL : ________. A. Slay B. Convict C. Average D. Try
25. 25.  It is a relationship in which the words are opposites of each other.
26. 26.  FLY : SPIDER :: MOUSE :________. A. Rodent B. Rat C. Animal D. Cat
27. 27.  It is a relationships were an object can be found.
28. 28.  WATER : AQUEDUCT :: BLOOD : ________. A. Corpuscle B. Body C. Vein D.
Plasma
29. 29.  It is a relationship in which one is more intense than the other.
30. 30.  POSSIBLE : PROBABLE :: HOPE : ________. A. Resent B. Expect C. Prove D.
Deceive
31. 31.  It is a relationship in which it compares the characteristics of two objects.
32. 32.  RICH : WEALTH :: WISE : ________. A. Knowledge B. Save C. Divulge D.
Teach
33. 33.  It is a relationship in which both words may compare objects, events or actions
according to each sequence.
34. 34.  SUNDAY : TUESDAY :: THURSDAY : ________. A. Wednesday B. Friday C.
Monday D. Saturday
35. 35.  ABC : GIJ :: QRS : ________. A. TUW B. TXY C. TWY D. TWX
36. 36.  It is a relationship in which both words are related by their grammatical type.
37. 37.  ANGRY : ANGRILY:: BEAUTY : ________. A. Pretty B. Beautifully C. Nice D.
Beauty
38. 38.  Is a mathematical analogy test similarities of equality or proportions of a numbers.
39. 39.  024 : 135 :: 6810 : ________. A. 111317 B. 111517 C. 111315 D. 111519
40. 40.  123 : 579 :: 678 : ________. A. 101112 B. 101113 C. 101314 D. 101214
41. 41.  It points out the cause and effect, functional and sequential order relationships.
42. 42.  ROMANCE : HEART :: RIBBON : ________. A. Horse B. Lace C. Baloney D.
Gift
43. 43.  Analogy Type of Test or Exam is a staple of standardized Tests. It is not only
applicable in English subject but could also be used in other subjects depending on the
topic. The Analogy questions measure reasoning ability, vocabulary, skills and
familiarity with analogy format.
44. 44. http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/ analogy+test Read more: what are the six
types of Analogy http://www.ehow.com/info- 8408046_six-types-analogy.html Santos,
Rosita De Guzman, 2007. Assessment of Learning  Calmorin, L.P. 2011. Assessment
of Learning 1 Nicanor Reyes Sr. st. Manila, Philippines