Committee for Quality Control of High-rise Building construction Projects Building Electrical Wiring Installation (Electrical Regulation and Supply Connection) ¢ General Safety Requirements ¢ Inspection ¢ Testing (January, 2008)Building Electrical Wiring Installation (Electrical Regulation and Supply Connection) “ General Safety Requirements * Inspection * Testing Foreword The Committee for Quality Control of High-Rise Building Construction Projects is continuing the effort to improve the service of the personnel who are involved in the High-Rise Building Construction Industries. Electrical Installation Guidelines and Design Guide in the form of a booklet, for the High-Rise Building construction have already been printed and distributed. This booxlet which comprised of (i) General Safety Requirements , (ii) Inspection and (il) Testing of the Electrical Installation is based on the CQHP Presentation held on 13 Nov 2007. The materials selected and presented in an abridged form in this booklet are based on the internationally accepted Electicity Wiring Regulation and Rules for Readiness of Electric Supply Conneciion to the completed Electrical Installation Alll the Electrical Installation Engineers, Technicians, Designers and the personnel who are involved in the field of Building Electrical Installation will find this booklet useful. ‘The publication is meant for educational purpose only. January, 2008 Committee for Quality Control of High-Rise Building Construction Projects (CQHP)GENERAL SAFETY REQUIREMENTS (i) General; equipment is properly designed, with standard, recognized, short circuit testing. (ii) Workmanship and Materials; (1) Workmanship; good standard, joints, terminations, enclosure for installation (2) Materials; properly designed up to the standard. Design, Construction, Installation and Protection; (1) Interchangeabi of socket outlets; shall be easy replacement and simple (2) Protection; mechanically and electrically protected for person and property, guards, warning notices, equipment out of reach protective devices and earthing. {iv) Identification, Maintenance, Inspection and Testing; (1) Identification; properly labeled and colour coded, warning, paint marking in Myanmar and English, (2) Maintainability; not for operation but for safety , adequate end safe means of access. (3) Inspection and Testing; after completion of installation in accordance with regulation, power factor should be maintained minimum of 0.85 lagging and power factor correction be installed, accessment of harmful effect for over voltages, under voltages, fluctuation loads, unbalance loads, power factor, starting current, harmonic current, d.c, feedback, high frequency oscillations, necessity for addition connection to earth (v) Working Space; clearance space 600mm, 950mm, 1400mm for H.T. cubicle ete. minimum height 1000mm, 1800mm, 200mm(vi) Switch room / Substation (1) Facilities for locking; prevent unauthorized person entering entrance / exit but give authorized person ready access by using locks from outside, keys shall be availabe from key box at designated location, keys should be kept under the control of a responsible person for H.T. room, a key be provided to a person to have frequent access to H.T. switch room (2) Arrangement of entrance / exit at lease o7e exit of a switch room open oytward, conductor near the entrance be protected from accidental contact , entrance / exit switch room be kept free of any obstruction. (3) illumination and ventilation switch rocm 150 Lux , vertical 120Lux minimum, emergency light minimum 30 minutes , suitable ventilation or air-conditioning be provided (4) Prohibition of storage; switch room must not be storage room (vil) Safety Precaution for Work on Low Voltage installation; (1) Work on low voltage installation ; equipment be isolated at the time of work on, to avoid danger in handling energized parts, use screen, warning notices, register electrical workers, verified dead with a voltage indicator. (2)Work involving the use of electric-arc welding set; trained welder , wear protective clothing , and positive connection work piece with the welding return. (3) Precautions for supply connection; be connected to completed and properly terminated , uncompleted work being disconnected and locked off. (4) Precautions for major alteration; disconnection from the supply, key or locked off device be kept by responsible person. (5) Use of ladder; wood or non conductive material, metal ladder use proper insulatec footing, (6) Use of portable equipment; should be regularly checked for safe working order.(viii) Safety Precautions for Work on High Voltage Installation; (1)General; precautionary measures for no danger to persons or property , standard operations and maintenance instructions , appoint a responsible person to take charge of the operation and maintenance (2) Access to H.V. enclosures; responsible person should only enter a H.V. enclosure , enclosure be kept locked , duplicate key be kept at key cabinet , responsible person holds the key, separate key cabinet , master lock of equipment safety key box , key log book , fire fighting system be key-switched to “Manual” or “Auto” mode. (3) Work on H.V. electrical equipment; handling of live parts is not permitted , maintenance should carry out unless such parts of equipment are made dead , isolated and locked off , effectively earthed , warning notices for repairs , ensure that all the foregoing provisions are complied with prior to the issue of the permit- to-work. (ix) General Safety Practices; (1) Check before Act ; the scope of work; suitable lighting , adequate illumination , tools and instruments. (2) Isolate and Lockout; equipment under maintenance should be isolated and lockout, warning notice be issued. (3) De-energize; the equipment to be worked on should be checked to ensure that itis dead. (4) Othe the workspace should be kept clean and tidy keep hands away from any circuit , unauthorized people should not stay in the work place , the requirements stated in procedures and check list should be followed.INSPECTION OF CUSTOMER INSTALLATION (i) General The purpose of inspecting customer's installation is to ensure that (1) Completed Electrical Installation is safe for energizing Electrical Power Supply (2) The interface between the customer's installation and the power supplier's equipment is suitably designed and constructed for connection of supply. (9) Installation is in compliance with the Supply Rules, Electricity (wiring) Regulations. (ii) Inspection Criteria ‘Supply shall not be connected if any departure is outstanding. (iii) Departure Check Lists 1) Departure From Electricity Regulation ( some selected items only) (a) Main Switch Description + Insulation resistance less than 0.5 mega ohm. + Main switch live part not properly enclosed or insulated. + Main cable not mechanically protected, “+ Protective conductor/earthing conductors undersized. + Earth loop impedance above permissible value. + Fuse installed in neutral circuit. * The main cable defective + Main cable without phase identification. * Main cable connected up with incorrect polarity. % Main cable undersized when compare to main switch rating. * The meter board wiring defective ** ELCB (Earth leakage circuit breaker) not installed as required,% Change over device defective. % Double pole main switch not installed for single phase installation. +» Main switch (including all associated protective devices) defective. “* Main switch exposed metal parts not earthed. ¢ Main switch with inadequate short circuit breaking capacity. (b) Final Circuits “ Lighting fitting and stationary appliances having a heating element inside bathroom not positioned out of the reach by a person using a shower or fixed bath. “+ Equipment exposed to weather not of weather-proof type. % Local switch for motor not provided to cut off all live conductors. * Control switch other than approved means installed in bathroom. ‘+ Metal casing of equipment not earthed, ++ Flexible conduit used as circuit protective conductor. “> Protective conductor undersized * 15A socket outlet (non-industrial type) not connected in an exclusive redial circuit with appropriate fuse or MCB. + Proper terminal connectors for circuit protective conductors not provided at distribution board. Durable labels not provided at distribution board. * Distribution board not provided with proper phase barrier and insulations screen. + Protective conductor not installed at distribution board . “ Earth fault loop impedance for distribution board above permissible value. * Supplementary bonding not provided. + Fuse installed in neutral circuit at distribution board. *» Phase conductor not connected to the centre contact of the Edison- type screwed lamp holder. + Metal bex for mounting lighting switch not earthed.“ Individual circuit protective conductor not provided for every 13A /15A socket outlet. + Socket outlet and/or associated metal box not earthed. + Wiring at socket outlet connected up with incorrect polarity. ¢ Wiring at switch connected up with incorrect polarity. + Motor not provided with means to prevent unexpected restarting that might cause danger. (c) Rising Mains ¢ Bus bar chamber and riser not provided with phase identification 4 Protective conductor for the rising mains smaller than 70sq.mm. Cu or equivalent * Mains undersized when compared to the rating of the protective device 4 Cutout fuse box/switch not provided with phase identification. * Suitable neutral/earth block not installed for mains at each floor. + Rising mains undersized when compared to the rating of the protective device. + Riser live parts not properly enclosed/insulated (4) Others ¢ Poor workmanship. + Miscellaneous uncommon defect. 2) Dey jure from Supply Rules (some items onl} (a) Pre- Inspection Check * Incorrect service address. ¢ Partoof the installation not ready for inspection. “© Copy of Work Completion Certificate not provided. 4 Deposit/Service charge not settled+ Whole installation inaccessible for inspection. + Load transfer not completed. “Whole installation not ready for inspection + Supply arrangement to be confirmed. (b) Main Switch * Shutdown of supply not arranged for functional check of ACBIRCD/changeover % Catalogue of equipment not provided. Functional check of main incomer not performed ‘The busbar between transit block and main switch exceed 10metres Label not provided on multi-setting main switch to indicate the rated setting. + As fitted wiring diagram showing the main distribution system not provided in the main switch room ‘Interlock scheme for standby generator not installed, % Miscellaneous uncommon departure from Supply Rules ‘Interlock scheme for interconnection of two or more supply sources not function property. + Supply not available to complete the inspection. * Shutdown of supply not arranged for insulation resistance check. + Incorrect size for meter wires for direct connected type meter + Functional test of changeover device not performed. + 4 pole switch not used to interconnect standby generator and normal supply source/two or more sources of supply. % Information not provided to prove breaking capacity of main ewitch. ¢ Main switch rating different from the rating on application form.+ The switch room / meter room used as a store. (c) Meter Position “ Busbar inside C.T. chamber without phase identification ¢ Busbar inside C.T. chamber not insulated. ‘ 4sq.mm. copper cable with appropriate phase identification as voltage wires for C.T. operated meter not provided. ¢ Circular copper strand conductor not used for termination into the direct-connected type meter. % Tidy, permanent and securely fixed address label not provided for meter board/main switch/meter cubicle. + Loose meter board not securely fixed. + Working clearance in front of meter less than 900mm. + Meter board position above 2.25m. ‘Meter position located inside customer's premises. 4 Size of meter board not comply with standard requirement. + Meter cubicle defective. ° Metallic part inside C.T. cum link box not earthed. Check meter installed (actually not to be installed) Unused perishable meter lead not removed. 4 Metering multi-core cable not surface mounted and properly fixed ¢ Meter leads and tails without permanent phase identification, 4 Meter leads and meter tail not long enough for meter fixing. + Openings in C.T. chamber not well covered. +» Unauthorized extension not removed.(d) Final Circuits ‘© Capacitors for discharge lamps fo improve power factor not installed. {e) Rising Mains % Master key for meter room not provided. % Lighting point for meter room not provided.u ‘The minimum of site tests to be carried out on each completed Section of the electrical installation shall be follows: . Eartning electrode and earthing system tests. 2. Insulation Resistance tests. 3. Continuity tests. 4. Check correct C.T ratio and polarity and correct operation of all protective gears and accuracies of all types of meters installed 5. Tesis to prove correct operation and interlocks, tripping and closing circuits, indications, ete: Including operation in conjunction with the stand by generator, fire alarm circuits and lifts where applicable, 6. Phasing tests. 7. Protective gear timing tests as may be necessary. 8. Battery tests on specific gravity, correct output voltage and charging equipment. 9. Rotational tests on all motors. 10. Polerity tests to verify that single pole switches are installed _ in the phase or live conductor of each circuit and not in the neutral conductor. 14. Test to verify the continuity of all conductors in every ring circuit, correct connections to terminal of all socket outlets and effective bonding to earth of each terminal and socket. 12. Insulation resistance test to earth and between conductors before and after fitting of lamps. (The standard of acceptance for electrical installation tests shall be as recommended in the latest edition of the IEE Regulations for the Electrical Equipment of Buildings.) 13. Insulation resistance tests on any electrical apparatus supplied and/or erected under this Sub-Contract before and after connecting such apparatus to the supply circuit. 14.Earth continuity tests for each final sub-circuit and the completed instalation to ensure that the impedance of the earth fault loop is such as to permit compliance with the requirements of the latest Edition of the .E.E, Regulations for the Electrical Equipment of Buildings, 15. Tests to check the performance and correct installation of the fire detection and alarm system, flood detection system and clock system, including the battery and charging equipment, where applicable. 16. Test to check the correct installation of the lightning protection system.Relevant Figures of: * General Safety Requirements “Inspection Ra * TestingWall CLL LLL LLL LLU ALLL ILL LLL LLL LILLE Rear access is ‘Switchgear, _ 30 in. min. depth required to work —— control center on de-energized | or other parts of equipment ‘equipment Front Fig. Space for safe work on de-energized parts.30 in. min. depth Required work space ‘Switchboard or control panel THIS Is OK! TWO EXIT ROUTES (A) ou Fre here... ‘could rep personnel here Required work space Only one ext route ‘Switchboard or control panel }}—__ deren > Electrical equipment room VIOLATION! (B) Fig.2 There must be two paths out of the work space required in front of ‘sultchboards rated 1200 A or more and over 6 ftwide.Labels to identify circuits Circuit schedule filled out to _ show loads fTololo S\|e¢le\e Lettering of Label Palolola to identity function @\|e\a|e cow (0 holol/eal|oa ES soce| | S| (| SAFETY SWITCH Hl OR CIRCUIT BER PANEL BOARD SWITCHBOARD Fig.3 All circuits and disconnects must be identified. green/yellow Fig.4 Polarity connection of plug and socket outletphase conductor ‘earth phase conductor Fesistance ——{_}— low skin resistance iat |] (mand) verylow[ | body resistance skin resistance nish ['] (root may be [ very high| | footwear resistance may be L floor covering high resistance low ——}~ earth path resistance Fig.5 Path of electric shock current ‘ = \s ; ; J gen Fig.6 Direct and indirect contact ofthe service contactsupply transformer HUTT neutral installation earth electrode earth electrode a supply loop transformer installation earth electrode neutral } earth electrode Accents Fig.8 Tests of the effectiveness of earthing” a Test of line-earth loop by connecting line direct to earth through a known resistance b Test of neutral-earth loop by injection current froma stepdown transformer1, The circult protective conducton(CPC) 2. The consumer's earthing terminal and earth conductor. 3. The return path, either metalic or earth. 4. The earthed neutral of the supply transformer. 5. The transformer winding. 6. The phase conductor from the transformer to the fault, fig 12 is a simplified version of this path. We have: Zs +Ze +R1 +R2 where Zs is the actual total loop impedence. Ze is the loop impadence external to the installation, R1 is the resistance of the phase conductor, and R2 is the resistance of the CPC. We also have: I= Uoe 2s ‘where | is fault current and Uoc is the voltage at the supply transformer ( assumed to be 240V). Fig9: Line to Barth Fault Detail