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Bio Project

The document is a biology project submitted by Satya Ranjan Sahu of Class XII for his AISSCE 2019-20 exam. It discusses the topic of tree canopies, including what a canopy is, the importance of canopies, different types of canopy structures, and related terms. The project was conducted under the supervision of his biology teacher to fulfill the requirements for his practical exam.

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Satyaranjan Sahu
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6K views7 pages

Bio Project

The document is a biology project submitted by Satya Ranjan Sahu of Class XII for his AISSCE 2019-20 exam. It discusses the topic of tree canopies, including what a canopy is, the importance of canopies, different types of canopy structures, and related terms. The project was conducted under the supervision of his biology teacher to fulfill the requirements for his practical exam.

Uploaded by

Satyaranjan Sahu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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The topic Canopy of Trees is submitted by Satya Ranjan Sahu

of Class - XII 'B' Roll No-37, KendriyaVidyalaya No- 1,


Sec - 1, CDA, Bidanasi, Cuttack 14 for the requirement of the
terms and conditions laid down by CBSE 2019-20 for
Biology Practical Paper of the AISSCE 2019-20.
This is to certify that the project entitled "Canopy Of Trees "
submitted by Satya Ranjan Sahu, Class - XII 'B' is in
accordance to the topic allotted to him. This project is
submitted for the fulfillment of the terms and conditions laid
down by CBSE for AISSCE 2019- 20. It embodies the
original work down by him under the supervision and
guidance of Mr. P.K Padhi, Department of Biology,
KendriyaVidyalaya No 1, Cuttack.
WHAT IS A CANOPY?

 The canopy is the aboveground portion of a plant


community or crop, formed by the collection of
individual plant crowns.

 In forest ecology, canopy also refers to the upper layer


or habitat zone, formed by mature tree crowns.

 The term canopy is also used to refer to the extent of


the outer layer of leaves of an individual tree or group
of trees.

 Canopy structure is the organization or spatial


arrangement (three-dimensional geometry) of a plant
canopy.

 It is also known as crown.


IMPORTANCE OF CANOPY
 Canopy trees are able to photosynthesize relatively
rapidly due to abundant light, so it supports the
majority of primary productivity in forests.

 The canopy layer provides protection from strong


winds and storms, while also intercepting sunlight
and precipitation, leading to a relatively sparsely
vegetated understory layer.

 Besides attracting a broad array of wildlife,


the canopy plays an important role in regulating
regional and global climate because it is the principal
site of the interchange of heat, water vapor, and
atmospheric gases.

 Forest canopies are home to unique flora and fauna


that are not found in other layers of forests.
TYPES OF CANOPY
Types of canopy (Crown)

I. Pyramidal crown: e.g. Deodar cedar

II. Full crowned: e.g. Sugar maple

III. Vase crown: e.g. Hawthorn

IV. Fountain: e.g. Palm tree

V. Spreading crown: e.g. Oak tree

VI. Layered crown: e.g. Banyan tree

VII. Columnar crown: e.g. Poplar

VIII. Weeping crown: e.g. Willow


TERMS REATED TO CANOPY

 Urban tree canopy is a measurement which


encompasses the layer of leaves, branches and
stems of trees that shelter the ground when
viewed from above.
This measurement is expressed as a percentage
of ground area that is covered by tree crowns,
and relates to the branching spread of the trees
in an urban forest.
 Some urban tree canopy covers natural
areas or gardens and lawns, while other
canopy spreads across impervious surfaces
such as roads, buildings and parking lots.

 Stratification in the field of ecology refers to the


vertical layering of a habitat; the arrangement of
vegetation in layers
 The following layers are generally
distinguished: forest floor (root and soil
layers), herbaceous, shrub, understory and
canopy layers

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