> ints = INSTRUCTION MANUAL MODEL TAXC TRANSMITTER enol) Ct Rore iy haa Udi 10 1 emo). em wieTABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER = INTRODUCTION foes 7 co GENERAL DESCRIPTION : "gta 255 1-2, MANUAL COVERAGE : mt SPECIFICATIONS . saa} ¥ o Sos ase oe CHAPTER IT INSTALLATION Pa wie 9, es FE Be Ba 21, UNPACKING . . é SiS Sigh Grebe at 2-2, LOCATION zw 5 4 Hermon 2-3, POWER REQUIREMENTS. |. ai . tule 5 2 2-4, ANTENNA REQUIREMENTS © ©... Bieta Sul ayevets . 2 25, MICROPHONE REQUIREMENTS E62) wpe] Sone eS Qt 26 GROUND REQUIREMENTS... ek ; 6 é 2-2 2-7, RECEIVER MUTING . we tems ‘ Sige 22 28 RECEIVER ANTENNA SWITCHING — 2 i Pal 28 ANTI VOX AND SIDETONE 3 2 2410. INJECTION re : i 22 D-IL — R-CCARRIER OSCILLATOR INJECTION ©. |, | Sd 22 212 R-CPTOLAMPSWITCHING . 2 aa ees =o esate 22 2-13. USING THE T-4XC WITH R-4 RECEIVER . oe aCe B 22 2-14. USING THE T-4Xe WITH SPR-4 RECEIVER ue eS es 3 2e15. LINEAR AMPLIFIER CONNECTION in ere ARLE Mei 23 CHAPTER IT OPERATION 2... 24 6 55 bk ee sy ee 34 3a GENERAL. | = & ee ee ca 3-2, MAIN TUNING DIAL . ee 48 5 ene Bl 33 BLAS ADJUSTMENT 2 ei omnia le a a4 ‘TUNE UP ON DESIRED BAND . : $lom ark : a4 FRONTPANEL CONTROLS. © 2 2 2 0 ee 33 37. DIAL CALIBRATION. |... ‘ ftouacts a3 a8 ‘TRANSCEIVE ALIGNMENT FOR USE WITH R—$, R44 AND R-4B ONLY . aS 39, CARRIER BALANCE ADJUSTMENT. ge he VER SL 35 3-10. OPERATION IN VARIOUS MODESTABLE OF CONTENTS (continued) vox aNn err CW OPERATION . penar AW OPERATION 2 2 SPOTTING TRANSCEIVING OPERATION ON AC SORY FREQUENCIES es CRYSTAL CONTROLLED OPERATION CRYSTAL CONTROLLED SSB CRYSTAL CONTROLLED CW z OPERATION WITH A LINEAR AMPLIFIER RITY OPERATION PHONE PATCH CONNECTIONS ‘THEORY OF OPERATION Sy et gatomibeeraRe GENERAL Z Sys : siaive: SIDPBAND GENERATION AND RF CIRCUITS, a Sg vox CIRCUIT 2 a FREQUENCY CONTROLLING CIRCUITRY MISCELLANEOUS CIRCUITS MAINTENANCE. — . 3 owas SERVICEDATA. ©. TOP. COVER REMOVAL . esis : Hx BOTTOM COVER REMOVAL és . i TUBE REPLACEMENT é & ‘TROUBLE SHOOTING 2 =] TEST EQUIPMENT ALIGNMENT PROCEDURE RF AND MIXER STAGES = 5 eat CARRIER OSCILLATOR, FILTER MATCH AND BALANCED MODULATOR NEUTRALIZING FINAL AMPLIFIERS CRYSTAL OSCILLATOR CHECK . § Sanne VFO ADJUSTMENT |. . ow ww op 4a 54 08 a9 39 39 on a2 3-12 53Figure LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS ‘T-4X€ TRANSMITTER MICROPHONE CONNECTIONS REAR CHASSIS CONTROLS VIEWING ANGLE OPTIONS CONNECTING THE RAC RECEIVER, AC_4 POWER SUPPLY AND MS—4 SPFAKER CONNECTING A LINEAR AMPLIFIER OTHER THAN LB CONNECTING A RECEIVER OTHER THAN THE R-4 SERIES FRONT PANEL CONTROLS zg RF TUNE CALIBRATION CURVES OF THE USEFUL RANGE FOR EACH BAND SWITCH POSITION Fsk CIRCUIT. AFSK RCUT . BLOCK DIAGRAM COMPONENT LOCATIONS, TOP VIEW COMPONENT LOCATIONS, BOTTOM VIEW RF AND INJECTION TRIMMERS SCHEMATICDIAGRAM . . . . POWER SUPPLY SCHEMATIC DIAGRAMS iiCHAPTER | INTRODUCTION 1-1, GENERAL DESCRIPTION. The T-4XC transmitter is a 200 Watt transmitter providing SSB, CW, and controlled carrier AM modes of operation. It can also be easily adapted for RTTY operation. The T—4XC can be used on most frequencies between 1.8 and 30 MHz. Crys- tals are supplied for full coverage of the 80, 40, 20, and 15 meter amateur bands and 28.5 — 29.0 MHz of the 10 meter band. Sockets are provided for accessory crystals to cover other 500 kHz wide segments. A highly linear permeability-tuned solid state VFO and premixed injection give excellent stability and dial calibration on all bands. The frequency of the T-4XC may also be controlled by the R—4, R-4A, R-4B, or R—4C receiver to provide transceive ‘operation if desired. Included in the T-4XC are a CW sidetone oscil- lator, automatic transmit-receive switching, trans mitting AGC, relative output indication, 8 pole crystal lattice filters for sideband selection, PTT and a flexible VOX system for SSB and AM among other features. Compact size and continuity of styling combine for eye appeal and convenience. 1-2. MANUAL COVERAGE. This manual provides sufficient information for operation of the T—4XC Transmitter by a licensed operator and for repair and maintenance by an experienced electronics technician. Chapter I! pro- vides Installation instructions and illustrates inter- connections with accessory equipment. Chapter IIT provides Operation instructions. Chapter IV pre- sents Theory of Operation supplemented by a block diagram, Chapter V_ provides Maintenance instructions and parts ordering information sup- ported by schematic diagrams, component location drawings, and voltage and resistance charts.Frequency Coverage’ Crystals Supplied: Accessory Crystals: Fixed Freq. Crystal: Dial Calibration: Calibration Accuracy Figure 1-1. T-4XC Transmitter SPECIFICATIONS 3.5 to 4.0 MHz 7.0 to 7.5 MHz 14.0 to 14.5 MHz 21.0 to 21.5 MHz 28.5 to 29.0 MHz 4 additional 500 kHz ranges (see table 2-1), Between |.8 and 30 MHz Excluding: 2.3 to 3.0 MHz 5.0 to 6.0 MHz 10.5 to 12.0 MHz Between 1.8 and 30 MHz Excluding: 2.3 to 3.0 MHz 5.0 to 6.0 MHz 10.5 to 12.0 MHz Zero to 500 kHz in 1 kHz increments. Better than 1 kHz when calibrated to the nearest 100 kHz point.Frequency Stability: Modes of Operation: SSB: cw: RITY: Sideband Suppression: Carrier Suppression: Average Distortion Products: Frequency Response: Input Power: Output Impedance: Microphone Input: AGC: Power Requirements: Dimensions: Weight: >in Drift is less than 100 Hz after warmup and less than 100 Hz with 10% change in line voltage. Upper or lower sideband on all bands. VOX or push-to-talk. Grid-block keying. VOX circuit is keyed for automatic transmit receive switching. Sidetone oscillator is Keyed for monitoring. Shifted carrier system has no spurious output, Controlled carrier AM modulation is built-in. This system is com- patible with SSB linear amplifiers. VOX or push-to-talk. Two methods of RTTY are available. 1. The VFO is easily adaptable to FSK. Signal frequency shifts same direction on all bands and same amount on any band with a given dial setting 2. The RTTY signal may also be generated by applying undistorted audio tones at the mike input in the SSB mode. A jack is provided at the rear panel to shift the carrier oscillator such that the frequency response of the transmitter on LSB is altered so as to pass the tone frequencies without generating unwanted harmonics or sidebands. 60 dB or better. 60 dB or better. In excess of 30 dB down. SSB, 325 to 2725 Hz at 6 dB down. ‘SSB and AM—200 Watts PEP, CW—200 Watts. Nominal 52 Ohms adjustable with pi-network. (SWR should be 2:1 or less.) High impedance. Operates on SSB to prevent flat-topping due to overdrive. 650 Volts at 225 mA average and 400 mA maximum with 10% regulation from 50 mA to 330 mA and maximum ripple of less than 1%. 250 Volts at 120 mA with 10% regulation from 82 mA to 120 mA. This includes the effect of the 650 Volt supply change if both voltages are obtained from the same transformer. Maximum ripple must be less than 1/4%. 45 to -65 Volts DC adjustable filtered bias into 33 K Ohm load. 12.6 Volts AC or DC at 3 amps. 5-1/2" high, 10-3/4" wide, cabinet depth 1-5/8”, overall length 12-1/4". 14 Ibs. 10 02.CHAPTER II INSTALLATION 21. UNPACKING. Carefully remove the transmitter from the shipping carton, and examine it for evidence of damage. If any damage is discovered, immediately notify the transportation company that delivered the trans- mitter. Be sure to keep the shipping carton and packing material, as the transportation company will want to examine them if there is a damage claim. Keep the carton and packing material even if no shipping damage occurs. Having the original carton available makes packing the transmitter much easier should it ever be necessary to store it or return it to the factory for service. NOTE Fill out the enclosed registration card and return it to the factory immediately to insure registration and validation of the warranty. Inspect the packing material closely before putting it away to be sure you have not overlooked the accessory hardware packed with the unit. 22. LOCATION. In general, the location of the T—4XC is not crit- ical. However, care should be taken to insure that space is provided around the unit to allow adequate air circulation. Extremely hot locations should be avoided. Do not cover the top of the unit with books, papers or pieces of equipment or over- heating may result. 2.3. POWER REQUIREMENTS. The T-4XC should be used with the R. L. Drake Model AC-4 Power Supply. This supply is designed to supply the proper voltages and currents for the unit from 120/240 VAC 50/60 cycles and will fit inside the MS-4 Speaker, used with your receiver. The T-4XC can also be operated from the R. L. Drake Model DC—4 Power Supply which operates from 12 volts DC. The DC—4 also supplies 120 volts AC to power the receiver. CAUTION Never attempt to operate the T-4XC without first connecting to an antenna or 52 Ohm dummy load of sufficient power handling capacity. Serious damage can result. 24, ANTENNA REQUIREMENTS. The T—4XC is designed for use with antennas resonant on the operating frequency and having approximate impedances of from 30 to 100 Ohms. Although there are many types of antennas which will meet this requirement, the simplest is a one- half wave dipole, center feed with 52 Ohm coax. For a detailed discussion on antennas, we suggest you refer to the ARRL Antenna Book or The Radio Amateur’s Handbook. Antenna connection to the T—4XC is provided at the SO—239 coax connector located on the rear of the unit (see figure 2-2). 25. MICROPHONE REQUIREMENTS. ‘A microphone with a wide and flat frequency response will enable you to obtain peak perform- ance from your T-4XC. For good VOX (voice control) operation, it is desirable for the mike to have a cardioid pattern to reduce pickup from the back and sides. This enables you to operat: with higher receiver audio gain, giving better VOX operation and reducing echoes, reverberation, and noise pickup. Microphones with limited low or high frequency response and with pesks in the voice range should be avoided. A 0.210 inch diameter, three conductor microphone plug is re- quired. The microphone must be connected as shown in figure 2-1. for proper VOX and push-to- talk operation. Many microphones that are furnished with a switch are wired so that the microphone cartridge is open or short circuited un-ess the switch is depressed. This function must be defeated or VOX operation will be impossible. 26. GROUND REQUIREMENTS. For best results, the T—4XC should be attached to 4 good earth ground through as short and as heavy a piece of ground braid as possible. A binding post is provided on the rear of the chassis for this pur pose (see figure 2-2). 27. RECEIVER MUTING. The RCVR MUTE jack provides a short circuit to ground on receive, and an open circuit on transmit. This jnck can be connected directly to the Mute jack on the R-4, R-4A, R—4B or R—4C Receiver with one of the cables provided. 2.8. RECEIVER ANTENNA SWITCHING. The T—4XC contains built-in receiver antenna switching. Simply connect one of the coax cables provided from the RCVR ANT jack on the rear of the T-$XC chassis to the receiver antenna terminals. 29. ANTI'VOX AND SIDETONE, The Anti Vox input and CW sidetone output utilizes the ANTT VOX jack on the rear of the T—A4XC chassis for connecting to the receiver and speaker. The impedance at this point is approxi- mately 5000 Ohms. To connect to the R—4, R-4A, R—4B or R-4C Receiver, simply couple the ANTI VOX jack to the ANTI VOX jack on the rear of the receiver chassis with one of the cables provided. If the R—4, R-4A, R-4B or R-4C is not used, it will be necessary to use a 5000 Ohm to 4 Ohm audio output transformer between the ANTI VOX jack and the speaker terminal of the receiver. The high impedance winding of the transformer should be connected to the ANTI VOX jack and the low impedsnce winding should be connected to the receiver speaker terminals in parallel with the speaker. An altemate connection for this jack would be to the plate of the receiver audio output tube. A DC blocking capacitor must be provided in the receiver. 2-2 2-410, INJECTION. Refer to figure 2-4. In order to transceive with the R-4, R—4A, R—4B or RAC Receiver, run a cable from the INJ jack on the rear of the T-4XC chassis to the INJ jack on the top of the R-4 or on the back of the R-4A, R—4B or R-4C chassis. This cable will provide both RF and control voltage. Be sure to use one of the low capacity injection cables for this connection. 2-11. R-4C CARRIER OSCILLATOR INJECTION. ‘The 5.645 MHz oscillator injection in the R-4C can be supplied from the T—4XC by connecting a cable between the Currier Oscillator jucks of the two units, This phase-docks the two units to the same frequency on SSB when the TRANSCEIVE switch is in the Receive or Transmit position, No connec- tion is made to this jack when using the R—4, R-4A or R—4B. Be sure to use one of the low capacity injection cables for this connecti 2-12, R—4C PTO LAMP SWITCHING, Refer to figure 2-4, The Permeability Tuned Oscil- lator (PTO) pilot light in the R—4C is controlled by the TRANSCEIVE switch in the T-4XC when a cable is connected between the PTO lamp jacks on the two units. When this connection is made, the receiver PTO lamp will be on when the re- ceiver PTO is controlling the frequeney on receive and transmit. The transmitter PTO tamp will be on when the transmitter PTO is controlling frequency in both receive and transmit and both PTO lamps will light when independent frequency control is used. No connection is made to the PTO lamp jack when using the R—4, R-4A or R-4B, 2-13. USING THE T-4XC WITH R—4 RECEIVER. When the T—A4XC is used with the R-4 Receiver, one change must be made in the R—4 for proper transceive operation. Change R71, a 150 K resistor, (from pin | of the GAU6 VFO tube V11), to 2 330 K. This will not affect the operation of the receiver in any other way. NOTE: This does not apply to R-4A, R-4B or R-4C Receivers,CHAPTER II INSTALLATION 2.1. UNPACKING. Carefully remove the transmitter from the shipping carton, and examine it for evidence of damage, If any damage is discovered, immediately notify the transportation company that delivered the trans- mitter. Be sure to keep the shipping carton and ‘packing material, as the transportation company will want to examine them if there is a damage claim, Keep the carton and packing material even ‘if no shipping damage occurs. Having the original carton available makes packing the transmitter much easier should it ever be necessary to store it or return it to the factory for service. NOTE Fill out the enclosed registration card and return it to the factory immediately to insure registration and validation of the warranty. Inspect the packing material closely before putting it away to be sure you have not overlooked the accessory hardware packed with the unit, 22. LOCATION. In general, the location of the T-4XC is not crit ical. However, care should be taken to insure that space is provided around the unit to allow adequate air circulation. Extremely hot locations should be avoided. Do not coyer the top of the unit with books, papers or pieces of equipment or over heating may result. 23. POWER REQUIREMENTS. The T—4XC should be used with the R. L. Drake Model AC—4 Power Supply. This supply is designed to supply the proper voltages and currents for the unit from 120/240 VAC 50/60 cycles and will fit inside the MS—4 Speaker, used with your receiver. The T—4XC can also be operated from the R. L. Drake Model DC-4 Power Supply which operates from 12 volts DC, The DC—4 also supplies 120 volts AC to power the receiver. CAUTION Never attempt to operate the T-4XC without first connecting to an antenna or 52. Ohm dummy tosd of sufficient power handling capacity. Serious damage can result. 2-4. ANTENNA REQUIREMENTS. The T—4XC is designed for use with antennas resonunton the operating frequency and having approximate impedances of from 30 to 100 Ohms. Although there are many types of antennas which will meet this requirement, the simplest is a one- half wave dipole, center feed with $2 Ohm coax. For a detailed discussion on antennas, we suggest you refer to the ARRL Antenna Book or The Radio Amateur’s Handbook. Antenna connection to the T—4XC is provided at the SO-239 coax connector located on the rear of the unit (see figure 2-2). 2.5, MICROPHONE REQUIREMENTS. A microphone with a wide and flat frequency response will enable you to obtain peak perform- ance from your T-4XC. For good VOX (voice control) operation, it is desirable for the mike to have @ cardioid pattern to reduce pickup from the back and sides. This enables you to operate with higher receiver audio gain, giving better VOX operation and reducing echoes, reverberation, and noise pickup. Microphones with limited low or high frequency response and with peaks in the voice range should be avoided. A 0.210 inch diameter, three conductor microphone plug is re- quired. The microphone must be connected as shown in figure 2-1. for proper VOX and push-to- talk operation. Many microphones that are furnished with a switch are wired so that the microphone cartridge is open or short circuited un=Figure 2—1. Microphone Connections 2.14. USING THE T—4XC WITH SPR—4 RECEIVER. When the T-4XC is used with the SPR—4 Receiver with a TA—4 Transceive Adapter board installed, two resistors must be added to the SPR-4. Add an 8.2 K resistor from the 12 volt B+ line to the POWER C6 ADJUST GROUND MUTE jack, Add a 2.2 meg resistor on the back of the TA—4 board in parallel with R3, a 1 meg resistor, 2-15. LINEAR AMPLIFIER CONNECTION. In order to use your T-4XC with a linear ampli- fier, connect as illustrated in figure 2-5. Note that if the linear amplifier has negative-going trans- mitting AGC voltage available, it can be connected to pin 3 of the power connector, connection available at jack on AC—4, to prevent the linear from being overdriven by the T-4XC. For con- nections to the Drake L-4 or L-4B Linear Amplifier, see the L—4 or L-4B instruction manual, STATION ANTENNA(SO-239) SPARE FOR VHF MOD KIT Figure 2-2. Rear Chassis Controlsnig Table 2-1, Crystal Frequency Chart CAUTION, Use of the T-4C or T—4XC on frequencies not shown in this table, or with crystals other than those shown for a particular frequency, may result in illegal spurious outputs on frequencies other than intended and should be avoided, USABLE DO NOT OUTPUT FREGUENCY] BAND FREQUENCY | USE BETWEEN | CRYSTAL | EQUALSDIAL PLUS | SWITCH RF TUNE 18 - 20 LS — 18 n6 1s 18-30 0.0-20 18 - 23 129 18 18-3.0 | 00-40 23 — 30 Do Not Use None 3.0 ~ 35 14d 3.0 35 0.0-20 3.5 — 40 14.6% 35 35 2.0-40 40 - 435 | 435-450] 15. 40 35 35-45 43 - 46 | 46 - 47 1s 43 3.5 40-50 4S — 47 47 — 48 15.6 45 35 45-50 47 - 48 | 46 — 47 4 43 3.5 50-55 48 — 50 47 — 48 15.6 45 35 50-55 5.0 = 60 | DoNot Use None 60 ~ 65 Wt 60 7.0 39-45 65 — 7.0 17.6 6S 7.0 40-50 7.0 - 7.5 1 7.0 7.0 50-55 75 — 80 18.6 15 70 55-60 80 — 85 194 8.0 7.0 6.065 85 — 90 19.6 8S 7.0 64-68 90 — 935] 935— 95 20.1 90 7.0 7.0 93 — 955| 955- 9.7 20.4 93 7.0 72 95 — 975 | 9.75- 99 20.6 9S 7.0 14 97 — 99 | 99 —100 20.8 97 7.0 16 99 —100 | 100 —1015] 21.0 99 7.0 78 too ~102 | 99 —100 20.8 97 14.0 48—50 10.2 ~104 | 10.0 —1020] 21.0 99 14.0 50-33 10.25 — 10.5 21 10.0 14.0 50-53 10.5 ~120 | DoNot Use None 12.0 —125 23.1 12.0 14.0 6.6 12.5 ~ 13.0 23.6 12.5) 14.0 67 13.0 ~ 13.5 24.1 13.0 14.0 68 135-140 24.6 13.5 14.0 10-72 14.0 —145 25.1% 14.0 14.0 72-75 24Table 2-1. Crystal Frequency Chart (continued) DONOT OUTPUT FREQUENCY] BAND USE BETWEEN | CRYSTAL | EQUALSDIAL PLUS | SWITCH RE TUNE 14.5 14.0 15-78 15.0 14.0 7.8 -8.0 15.5 14.0 8.0 16.0 21.0 7.0. 16.5 21.0 72 17.0) 21.0 14 25 21.0 7.6 18.0 21.0 17 18.5 21.0 78 19.0 21.0 8.0 19.5 21.0 8.1 20.0 21.0 83 20.5 21.0 BS 21.0 21.0 8.6 2.5 21.0 88 22.0 21.0 9.0 22.5 21.0 9.0 23.0 28.5, 8.0 235 28.5 82 24.0 28.5 84 24.5 28.5 85 25.5 28.5 85 26.0 28.5 8.6 2 26.5 28.5 8.8 2 27.0 28.5 9.0 27.0 —27.5 28.5 92 27.5 — 28.0 28.5 9.2 2 28.5 285 94 28.5 ~ 29.0 28.5 95 29.0 — 29.5 28.5 98 29.5 — 30.0 28.5 10.0 ‘Supplied with unit NOTE Crystals can be obtained from the R. L. DRAKE COMPANY. When ordering please be sure to specify that the crystal you are ordering is for the T-4XC. R-4A, R-4B, R-4C, T-4X, T_4XB and T-4XC erystals operate in the series mode and are interchangeable, 2-5OPTION A OPTION C /}-——reer nemoven From nEAR ‘OF BASE OPTION B ‘sTu0 #ioxiaxe Lowe screw! mounren armen toe REAR FEET REMOVED Figure 2-3, Viewing Angle Options snoTE ose Te Two cams Masur cow cater TeeTe maneten” aun Figure 2-4. Connecting the R—4C Receiver, AC—4 Power Supply and MS—4 Speaker 2-6LINEAR AMP: roe ioe : wae ANT. ‘DOW KEY = Dk-60-G2c COAX RELAYS. OR SIMILAR “Yo RELAY SUPPLY RELAYS: VOLTAGE Figure 2-5. Connecting a Linear Amplifier, other than L—4B T-axe AG-4/ MS-4 2-6 2-6 Antenne Coble ——-*s — al HE | saw vee AF Output xmir Anti =Vox /Sidetone Cable Figure 2-6. Connecting a Receiver other than the R—4 SeriesCHAPTER Ill OPERATION 3-1. GENERAL. Figure 3-1 illustrates and describes all front panel controls. Rear chassis controls and connectors are described following the front panel controls, and ‘are illustrated in figure 2-2 3-2. MAIN TUNING DIAL. This dial consists of 2 trunsparent discs which display concentric scales and which rotate at different speeds. Zero to 100 kHz is indicated on one disc and hundreds of kHz is indicated on the other. The frequency of the operating signal is the sum of the frequencies indicated by the BAND switch and the Main Tuning dist, for example: BAND switch frequency 7.000 MHz. 100 kHz dial 200 kHz 1 kHz dial 35 kHz Operating frequency 7.235 MHz CAUTION Under no circumstances should operation of the T-4XC be attempted unless it has been connected to @ proper antenna or a dummy load of sufficient power hand- ling capacity. 3-3. BIAS ADJUSTMENT. a. Set RF TUNE, PLATE, LOAD controls to 0. 'b, Set band switch to 80 M. ¢. Set SSB switch to USB. Set transmitter GAIN at minimum. full CCW position Tum T-4XC on by rotating mode switeh to SSB. £. Allow at least two minutes warmup of tube filaments g. Rotite MODE switch to TUNE. h. Adjust bias control on AC—4 until plite meter reads 0.1 plate amperes and then back down to 0.07 amperes. This is 1-1/2 marks below 0.1 on the meter and just below the mark above the meter scale 3-4. TUNE UP ON DESIRED BAND. CAUTION Do not allow the plate current to exceed 0.15 amps for more than 5 or 6 seconds if the plate control is not tuned for plate current dip or maximum RF output. Failure to observe this warning will result in rapid final amplifier tube deterioration due to excessive plate dissipation. Incor- Tect setting of RF TUNE may cause iMegal output from the transmitter on frequencies other than intended. Always preset the RF TUNE control before pro- ceeding with other steps in tune up. procedure. 3-5, Preset controls as follows: 4. RF TUNE to center of band in use. (For out-of- ‘band operation, see figure 3-2.) b, BAND switch to desired band. ¢. MAIN TUNING knob to a frequency inside the amateur bund in tise. 4. XTALS switch on NORM unless using an acces- sory range or crystal control. ¢. GAIN fully counterclockwise. £, LOAD fully counterclockwise. g. SIDEBAND either upper or lower. h. MODE switch to SSB. 3-6, Before beginning, read through the following procedure until you are thoroughly familiar with it. a. Rotate MODE switch to the TUNE position. Advance the GAIN control enough to get a plate current indication of about half scale while quickly peaking the RF TUNE control for maxi- mum plate current. Immediately retum the MODE switch to the SSB position. It should not take any longer than five seconds to make the above adjustment, If longer time is needed, allow 30 second intervals it the SSB mode in between 5 second periods for tuning in the TUNE mode.43°¢«412~=«*S 10 Figure 3-1. Front Panel Controls Fe ae10. nna FRONT PANEL CONTROLS . Meter: Normally indicates plate current. When LOAD contro} (3) is pushed in, meter indicates: relative RF output. PLATE control: Tunes the power amplifier pisnetwork circuit to resonance. }. LOAD control: Matches the impedance of the ower amplifier to the Impedance of the load By varying the output canacity of the pinet- work. When this control is pushed in, the Meter (1) displays the relative RF output. |. Main Tuning dist: Displays e portion of the operating frequency from zero to 600 kHz. Reading must be added to the BAND switch frequency setting for complete operating frequency. . Main Tuning control: Adjusts frequency setting of dial (4), XTALS switch: Selects crystals required for use in the various bands. In the NORM posi- tion, the required crystal is selected by the BAND switch (14), except for the 1.53.0 position. In the FF (fixed frequency) position, ‘Operating frequency is determined by the crystal inserted in the front panel Crystal socket (7). Positions 1 through 4 select acces- sory crystals inserted in the 4 numbered sockets on top of the chassis (for coverage of additional 500 kHz ranges). Crystal Socket: Provides connection for fixed frequency crystal when XTALS switch (6) is in the FF position. Trimmer control: Screwdriver adjust trims Fixed Frequency crystal (7) to exact frequency. |. Sideband switch: Selects upper and lower side- band. Lower sideband position (LSB) must be used for CW and AM modes as indicated by X. NOTE The TUNE position of the MODE switch (10), automatically puts the transmitter ‘on the air. MODE switch: Selects mode of operation. Extreme counterclockwise — pasi power off. MW. 12. 13. 14. GAIN control: Regulates the microphone gain ‘on AM and SSB. When MODE switch (10) is in X-CWor TUNE position, this control adjusts the RF drive to the proper level. When this control is pushed in, VOX is disabled and the PTT switch must be closed to activate the transmitter. When this control is pulled out, VOX operation is enabled. TRANSCEIVE switch: Determines the fre- quency controlling PTO when the T-4XC is used with the R—4, R—4A, R-4B or R—4C. This controlis also used for frequency spotting. In the SPOT position, low level transmitter stages are switched on but the receiver is not muted to allow the transmitter to be tuned to the receiver frequency. This is done without putting a signal on the air. In the SEPARATE position, the T—4XC determines the transmit frequency and the R-4, R-4A, R-48 or R—AC determines the receiving’ frequency. PTO lamps on the T~4XC and R—AC will both be on. In the RCVR position, the R-4, R—-4A, R—4B or R—4C determines both receiving and transmitting frequencies for transceiving. On this mode, the T—4XG VFO has no effect. The PTO lamp in the T—4XC will not be on, NOTE When the XTALS switch is in the FF position the transmitter frequency is controlled by the crystal regardiess of the position of the TRANSCEIVE switch, In the XMTR position, the T—4XC determines the receiving and transmitting frequency and the receiver VEO has no effect. The PTO lamp in the T-4XC will be on, the PTO lamp in the R—4C will be off. RF TUNE control: Tunes the driver grid, driver_plate coils, and the premixer output coils. The logging scale is calibrated fram zero to 10 and is marked to show the approximate settings for the 160 through 10 meter Amateur is. BAND switch: Selects the desired Amateur band and switches the RF circuits to the cor- rect tuning frequency range. The frequency range which may be covered for each setting of this control is shown an figure 3-2. 3-3Rear Chassis Controls and Connectors (Refer to figure 2-2). VOX DELAY Controls: Two potentiometers used to provide a variable time delay for VOX drop- out. One adjusts dropout time for SSB or AM. The other one adjusts relay dropout for CW. VOX GAIN Control: Used to adjust the gain of the VOX amplifier. This control is independent of the front panel GAIN control for maximum flexibility. ANTI VOX GAIN Control: Adjusts antivox sensiti- vity and sidetone output level. MICROPHONE Jack: Provides 2 connection for microphones with push-to-talk switches. This is a 3 conductor, 0.210" diameter connector, KEY Jack: Provides » connection for a key for CW ‘Operati Normally closed. In other modes the key bus ‘is grounded so that the key can be left im the open position. Ground Terminal: Provides @ connection for earth ‘ground. RTTY Jack: When a ground connection is made to ‘this jack the carrier oscillator is shifted approxi: mately 500 Hz in the LSB mode and the fre- quency response of the transmitter is altered so That higher frequency audio tones canbe trans CAR OSC Jack: Couples the 5.645 MHz carrier ‘oscillator injection to the R—4C in SSB mode to phase-lock both units in transceive operation. PTO LAMP Jack: Provides control of the PTO lamp in Re through the T—4XC TRANSCEIVE itch. INJ Jack: Couples the T—4XC to the frequency controlling circuits of the R—4, R—-4A, R—4B ‘or R—4C Receiver if transceive operation is used. ANTIVOX Jack: Provides a connection for antivox input on receive and sidetane output on transmit. RCVR MUTE Jack: Provides a short circuit to ground on receive and an open circuit on trans- mit to mute the receiver. RCVR ANT Jack: Provides a connection for a Receiver to the antenna through an intemal antenna relay. Power Connector: Provides a connection to the AG-3, AC—4, DC-3 or DC—-4 Power Supply. A matching connector is provided on each power supply. Antenna Connector (SO-239): Provides a connec- tion to the station antenna,b. Rotate the MODE switch to TUNE. Advance GAIN control to “12 o'clock” position. Quickly adjust the PLATE control for a plate current dip. (Note the CAUTION notice in paragraph 3-4.) ©. Push in on the LOAD control to place the spring loaded meter switch in the relative output posi- tion, With the LOAD control depressed, rotate the LOAD control for maximum relative output reading. Do not advance past the point of maxi- mum output. Release LOAD control. d. Again redip the PLATE control for minimum plate current, e. Recheck RF tune, adjust slightly for maxirnum plate current. f. Repeat steps © and d until no further increase in output is obtained in step c. Complete the pro- cedure with step d. ‘The above procedure should be completed as quick- ly as possible and the MODE switch returned to the SSB position. It is important that the transmit ter be Ioaded to maximum output as described above so that proper tank circuit Q is maintained and proper AGC action is obtained. The transmitter is now ready to operate in any mode at the fre queney to which it was tuned with the exception of the GAIN control setting which varies with. the mode used. 37, DIAL CALIBRATION. Due to the tolerance limits of the various crystals involved, dial calibration may vary slightly from band to band, For this reason, the Main Tuning dial calibration may be adjusted as follows: 4, Set receiver to a known frequency within an amateur band such as a calibrator point. b. Tune MAIN TUNING dial of T-4XC to same approximate frequency. &, Set TRANSCEIVE switch to SPOT and MODE switch to SSB. 4, Carefully tune the T-4XC beat note toward zero beat until a “canary” type sound is heard. ‘Two or three “tweets” per second indicate that the units are tuned to within two ar three cycles of each other. ¢. Hold main tuning knob stationary and rotate the skirt until the dial reads the correet frequency. 3-8. TRANSCEIVE ALIGNMENT FOR USE WITH R—4, R—4A, and R48 ONLY. ‘The carrier oscillator is set at the factory and unless you have good reason to believe it to be off, it ‘would be best to assume it to be on frequency. The carrier oscillator can be checked for alignment as described below. Set the controls as directed in table 3-1. a. Adjust C61 in the R-4, R-4A or R—4B until the “canary” sound slows down to only a few chirps a second, and then zero chirps 3 second and then all that is heard is a single tone. Note: ‘This adjustment is nor made on the R—-4C receiv- er. Connection of the Carrier Oscillator cable from the T-4XC to the R—4C automatically Phase locks the frequency of the two units when transceiving. b. When using the R-4, R-4A or R—4B with the T-4XC, no cable will be connected to the Cartier Oscillator jack of the T-4XC and the above adjustment of C61 can be'made if necessary. 39. CARRIER BALANCE ADJUSTMENT, ‘The Carrier Balance control is factory adjusted and should require 4 minimum of resetting under most conditions. The proper setting of this control can be checked using the following procedure: After tuning up as described above. set the SIDE- BAND switch on X, GAIN fully counterclockwise, and MODE switch to SSB. Either close the push-to- talk line with a short ot by plugging a microphone into the microphone jack and pressing the push-to- talk switch. Tune in the carrier with a receiver and adjust Carrier Balance and C17 for minimum $ meter readings, 3:10. OPERATION IN VARIOUS MODES. In the following discussion concerning operation on>ntg Table 3-1 Contra} Settings for Transceive Alignment CONTROL OR SWITCH |R—4, R—4A OR R40 T axe 1 BAND switch 35 35 FUNCTION MODE Sew ave SSB Mode SEND’ | 4.8. knob ar em 12 o'dock AUDIO | 1 o'clock - | TRANSCEIVE — | --- ‘spoT ANTI VOX amet Full Gockwise , Set to the sideband that gives the loudest SIDEBAND. =| ~-—--— eatery” sete Both R_4B, R-4A, R—4 Preselector and T-4XC RF TUNE should be PRESELECTOR — | set to approximately 6.5 and both adjusted for the loudest “canary” sound from the speaker. various modes, it is assumed that the T-4XC has ‘been tuned up on the desired band as described in the tuning procedures above. 3-11. SSB OPERATION — VOX AND PTT. Preset controls as follows: a, Sideband: Desired sideband (usually lower on 80 and 40 and upper on 20, 15 and 10). b. Mode switch: SSB. ¢. GAIN: Fully counterclockwise. d. VOX GAIN: (Reas panel control fully clockwise. range. & VOX/PTT switch: VOX (pulled out). The receiver should be operiting normally on the same band except that the audio GAIN control must be turned all the way down. Be sure the switch on the microphone is properly connected as 3-6 described under installation instructions. Talk into the mike at normal voice level; the relay in the ‘T-4XC should close. Reduce the VOX GAIN until 8 point is reached where the relay drops out too frequently fo suit you. Then advance it just enough to prevent this, (Adjust the SSB VOX DELAY potentiometer for desired holding time.) Stop talk- ing and increase the receiver audio gain control for normal volume and adjust the ANTI VOX clockwise just high enough to prevent cycling between trans- mit and receive with the microphone in the normal ‘operating position, Speak into the microphone and simultaneously advance the GAIN control until the plate current kicks up scale to approximately 0.15 Amperes. Advancing the GAIN beyond the point where the output no longer increases noticeably will only increase background noise. The push-to- talk switch may be depressed at any time, thus overriding the VOX system. The transmitter will remain on and the receiver muted as long as the switch is down. If you do not desire the VOX’to function atall, push in the GAIN control knob. This places the PTT/VOX switch in the PTT position.3.12. CW OPERATION. Set controls us follows: 4, Sideband: On X (lower). b, MODE switch: X-CW. c. GAIN: 12 o'clock. d. VOX GAIN: Set where used on SSB. ¢. CW VOX DELAY; Fully CW. f. To provide an audible tone when transceiving with a station on your transmitter frequency, the T-4XC output frequency in CW mode is shifted approximately 750 Hz lower than the controlling VFO indicates. Therefore, sist the controlling VFO 750 Hz higher than the desired transmitting frequency. 2. Plug a key into the KEY jack on chassis rear and. leave in key up condition. If an electronic keyer is used, connect it for grid block keying. If the sidetone is to be heard on transmit, the anti vox / cable must be connected as outlined under installation instructions. h. Pull out the GAIN control knob to place the VOX/PTT switch in VOX position. To transmit, close the key. Adjust the CW VOX DELAY von- trol for desired “hold-in” time when the key. is released. i. Due to different operating conditions between TUNE and CW, the power output may be lower in the CW position for a given setting of the GAIN control. In CW, with the key down, ad- vance the GAIN control clockwise just below the point at which the plate current no longer increases. Depress the LOAD control, and adjust the LOAD. control for maximum as read on the REL OUTPUT Meter. j. Advance the ANTI VOX control on the rear of the chassis until the sidetone reaches the desired volume. k. The T-4XC uses automatic transmit-receive key- ing, This means that it will automatically trans mit when the key is depressed and will remain in the trsmit condition through keying at all normal speeds. The T-4XC will return to the receive condition when the key is released fora brief period. The relay “hold-in” time may be adjusted with the CW VOX DELAY on the rear panel. ong NOTE Tum CW VOX DELAY control fully CCW for manual operation. L. If manual transmit-receive switching is desired, 1/4" phone jack may be added in the “spare"™ 1/4" hole on the rear of the T-4NC. Connect a wire from this jack fo pin 7 of the V10 (GEV VOX tube). A foot switch or other switching device may be connected to this jack. When closed, the relay will be activated regardless of whether the key is depressed, 3-13. AMOPERATION. The T-4XC uses controlled carrier screen modula- tion for AM. This holds the unmodulated carrier input power toa few Watts but allows up to 200 Watts PEP input on voice peaks. a. For AM operation, set the MODE switch to X-AM and the SIDEBAND switch to X. , While talking into the mike at normal voice level, increase the GATN control until the plite meter kicks to 0.15 Amps on peaks. Care should be taken not to exceed this level as there is 10 AGC on AM. If voice control is to be used, the VOX and ANTI VOX controls should be adjusted as outlined under SSB openition. If push-to-talk is to be employed and you do not want the VOX to function at all, the VOX/PTT switch may be placed in the PTT position. ‘The T-4XC output frequency in AM mode is shifted 750 Hz lower than the controlling PTO indicates. Therefore, set the controlling PTO 750 Hz higher than the desired transmitting frequency. 3-14.. SPOTTING. The SPOT position of the TRANSCEIVE switch is used to bring the T-4XC to the same frequency as the receiver when separate control is being used. In this position, the receiver is operative but not con- nected to the antenna. The transmitter final is not ‘operating but the frequency controlling stages are‘on and output will be heard in the receiver, On SSB set the receiver and the T—4XC to the same SIDE- BAND. Bring the transmitter to the receiver fre- quency with the Main Tuning dial. A beat note will be heard in the receiver and its pitch will decrease ‘as zero beat is approached, When the two units are near the same frequency, # chirping sound. will be heard very much like the sound of a canary. When the “tweets” occur only a few times per second, the transmitter is within a very few cycles of the receiver frequency. On CW set the receiver and the T-4XC for CW ‘operation. A beat note will be heard as the receiver approaches the T-4XC frequency. Their frequencies will be the same when the pitch decreases to zero beat. It will be necessary to tune the receiver higher or lower than this frequency to hear an audio beat from your transmitter or another station on your frequency. On AM tune the T—4XC for maximum S meter reading or set receiver on CW and zero beat, 3-15. TRANSCEIVING, When the T-4XC is used in conjunction with the R-4, R-4A, R—4B or R-4C Receiver, transceive operation may be obtained. NOTE Only the R-4, R-4A, R-4B or R-4C Receivers. may be employed for trans- ceiving. No earlier model DRAKE receiver or transceiver or accessory, or that of any other manufacturer, will provide the correct injection frequencies. ‘When the T-4XC is used, three operating possibili- ties are available and are selectable by means of the TRANSCEIVE switch on the front pancl, as follows: a. When in the SEPARATE position, the R-4, R-4A, R-4B or R-4C determines only the receiving frequency and the T-4XC determines only the transmitting frequency, b. When in the RCVR position, the R-4, R-4A, R-4B or R-4C determines both transmit and receive frequencies. In other words, you will transceive on the frequency to which the R—4, R-4A, R-AB or RAC is tuned. ¢. When in the XMTR position, the T-4XC deter- mines the transceive frequency. It is normal for the gain of the receiver and trans- mitter to vary slightly with the position of the transceive switch. Due to the fact that the accessory crystal sockets are more numerous and more acces- sible on the R-4, R-4A, R—-4B or R-4C, it would be desirable to use the receiver for transceiving on frequencies outside the amateur bands. If separate receiver transmitter operation is desired on such a frequency, two crystals will be required; one for the T-4XC and the other for the R--4, R-4A, R-4B or RAC. NOTE If transceiving outside the ham bands is to be attempted with the R-4, R-4A, R-4B or R-AC using the T-4XC, the chart table 2-1 should be followed closely when choosing crystals to avoid illegal ‘spurious outputs. When transceiving several precautions should be observed. a, Be sure that the T 4XC is properly connected tothe R-4, R-4A, R-4B or R-AC as illustrated in figure 2-4 b. Both receiver and transmitter must be switched to the same band. ©. Be particularly careful to stay within the con- fines of the amateur band to be used. This is an easy thing to forget on transceive since your transmitter will be operating on the frequency ‘on which you are listening. d. Note that BAND switches, sideband selectors, PRESELECTOR, and RF TUNE controls on both the receiver and transmitter must always be properly set whether transceive or separate receive and transmit functions are being used. ‘The choice of whether or not to transceive when the option is availuble is largely a matter of opera- tor preference. When opeiting SSB. it has become standard practice for all stations in contact to be on exactly the same frequency. Transceive is very con- venient under this condition. However, when work- ing an elusive DX station which is operating outside the American band, separate control is manda- tory. When operating ins round table in which one or tore stations differ in frequency by a few hundred cycles, it may be preferable to leave the transmitter set on the round table frequency und use separate control of the receiver to follow the strays. On CW, if the note that your ear is trained to prefer differs from that employed by the T-4XC shifted cartier system, transceive may lead you to chase each other up or down the band as each retunes to get the pitch he likes. Separate control solves this problem, 3-16. OPERATION ON ACCESSORY FREQUENCIES. ‘The design of the T4XC Transmitter will permit operation of the unit on many frequencies outside the ham bands, such us MARS frequencies, ete. Some frequencies, where spurious outputs may occur or where sufficient output cannot be ob- tained, cannot be used. These frequencies ate 2.3 to 3.0 MHz, 5.0 to 6.0 MHzand 10.5 to 12.0 MHz. ‘There is no crystal for 160 meter operation included in the transmitter. If you plun to use this band, you need an additional crystal in one of the auxiliary crystal sockets, The same is true of the 10 meter band from 28.0 to 28.5 Miz or above 29.0 MHz. To operate on these frequencies or on any of the frequencies shown in table 2-1, erystil of the fre quency listed in this chart must be added in one of the auxitiary sockets provided in the T-4XC or in the R—4, R-4A, R-4B or R—4C Receiver, In the T-AXC, provision is made for plugging in up to 4 additional crystals for four additional $00 kHz. segments and the XTAL switch on the front panel provides for sclecting the desired crystals. To tune up on such frequencies, set the XTAL switch to the crystal required, set the BAND switch as indicated in tuble 2-1 and the RF TUNE control as indicated in Figure 3-2. If you plan to transceive. the PRESELECTOR on the R-4, R-4A, R-4B or R-4C must also be peaked on the correct frequency as indicated on the preselector chart in the instruction book for these receivers. NOTE It is possible to obtain output from the transmitter on the crystal frequency rather than the desired frequency if the RF TUNE control is misadjusted. The settings shown in figure 3-2 should be checked and closely followed when tun- ing on any accessory frequency. From this point on, tuning procedure should be the same as described for various modes of opera tion on the HAM bands. In selecting crystals for operation outside ham bands, table 2-1 should be followed carefully. Use of other crystals may result in illegil output on other frequencies as well as on the desired frequency. 3-17. CRYSTAL CONTROLLED OPERATION. ‘The XTALS switch is placed in the fixed frequency (FF) position. A crystal is then placed in the socket ‘on the front pane! of the T-4XC_A mer citor for fine frequency adjustment is provided. ‘This adjustment can be made through the small access hole in the front panel. The crystal cart be used to control the frequency of only the T-4XC or for transceive operation depending on the setting of the TRANSCEIVE switch, 3-18. CRYSTAL CONTROLLED sss. 4. When crystal controlling the T-4XC directly by using a crystal in the front panel erystal socket, the crystal frequency is equal to the desired out- put frequency plus 5645 kllz. b.If the crystal frequency calculates to a value above 15 MHz but less than 30 MHz, the second harmonic of the crystal is used; therefore, order crystal of one-half the calculated frequency. If the crystal frequency calculates to a value above 30 MHz, the third harmonic of the erystal is used; therefore, order a crystal of one-third the calculated frequency. 3-19. CRYSTAL CONTROLLED cw. To obtain CW operation with the T-4XC Trans- mitter, the 5645 kHz oscillator is shifted up inwoRIsog YOIMS ON YER 40) abueY Injasp) ay) JO SarnD LONeIGIeD aun, SY “2-—E aunBIy of oz st o6 8 2 9 § v £ & ° RF TUNE SCALE oor ont ma — 3410frequency approximately 750 Hz. Therefore. to operate crystal controlled, either by crystal control- ling the transmitter or R-4, R-4A, or R-4B Receiver, the crystal used. must be approximately 700 Hz lower in frequency than that used for SSB crystal controlled operation. In most cases such as novice operation, this is not important. But if exact frequency operation is wanted, this shift in fro- quency must be tiken into account, This can be done by using 5645 + | instead of 5645 kHz used in the above SSB calculations. Fine frequency adjustment can be made by the trimmer capacitor across the crystal socket acces- sible through the front panel. All further tune up is exactly the same as described earlier under Tune Up parigriph 3-4, If used on the novice bands with erystal control, maximum [egal input power is 75 Watts which occurs when the Plate Meter reads 0.115 amps. To realize the most useful output under these condi- tions, readjustment of the Bias control on the Power Supply is suggested. Follow the Bias Adjust- ment procedure purgraph 3-3 but under step hy set bias for minimum readable plate current. If the transmitter is used both on novice band and by another operator on SSB or AM, the bias must be readjusted to its former value before such operation is attempted. To load the transmitter for novice operation, preset controls as described under paragraph 3-4 Tune Up. Tum the MODE switch to TUNE and advance GAIN for a very slight increase in plate current, ‘Tune RF TUNE for s peak in plate current, being careful not to exceed 0.115 amps, and quickly tune PLATE control for a dip in plate current. Turn GAIN control fully clockwise and adjust LOAD control until plate dip occurs at 0.115 amps. If Plate current dip is higher than this when LOAD control is set 10 0, reduce the GAIN for plate read= ing of 0.115. Turn MODE switch to X-CW and set GAIN control for a plate current of 0.115. 3-20, OPERATION WITH A LINEAR AMPLIFIER. The R. L. Drake Model L-4B Lincar Amplifier was designed to match the T-4XC Transmitter in ap- pearance and drive requirements to run the maxi- mum legal input power. The L—4B offers continu: ‘ous 2000 Watts PEP SSB, and 1000 Watts D.C. on CW, AM and RTTY operation covering the ham bands 80 through 10 meters. Frequencies between 3.5 to 30 MHz other than ham bands may also be covered with some retuning of the input coils in the L-4B. The T—4XC Transmitter has sufficient output Power to drive most linear amplifiers, A triode type grounded grid lincar will usually present a satisfac- tory load (approximately 50 Ghms) for the T-4XC. If your linear is of the grounded cathode type with high input impedance, it wil be necessary to install a resistive pad between the transmitter and the Jinear that will present the proper impedance. Such iW pad must be made of non-inductive resistors and must have adequate power handling capacity to prevent its being destroyed when the transmitter is turned on. Antenna switching should be accomplished as shown in figure 2-5. Many linear amplifiers such us the Drake L—4B have these relays built in. Before operating the T-4XC with a linear ampli fier, the instruction manual of the linear should be consulted. The instructions contained here arc, of necessity, generalized and precedence should be siven toany specific precautions in the instructions accompanying the linear amplifier since it is int probable that these could lead to any danger to the exciter, To load the transmitter into a linear, preset the controls as follows: a. RF TUNE: Desired band, b, Sidebund: Lower (LSB). ¢. GAIN: Counterclockwise ¢. BAND switch: Desired band. e: LOAD: Zero. Turn MODE switch to TUNE and advance GAIN control until plate Meter moves up scale slightly from idling current. Peak RF TUNE, being careful not to exceed 0.150 amps plate current and tune PLATE control for dip in plate current. Set LOAD cetcontrol as indicated in accompanying table. Redip PLATE control and tune linear as described in the linear amplifier instructions, ‘Turn MODE switch to desired mode of operation and advance GAIN control until desired amount of input to the linesr amplifier is obtained. Proper LOAD setting for $0 Ohm resistive load BAND LOAD 160 25 80 3.5 40 45 20 45 15 45 10 45 3-21. RTTY OPERATION. ‘Two methods of RTTY operation are possible with the T-4XC as described below: a, An appropriate shift circuit can be connected to: the FSK terminal on the side of the PTO. Several shift cirucits have been published which accom- plish the shift. Some examples of possible keying circuits are described in an article by Irvin Hoff in the May, 1965, issue of QST. The only modi- fication is that instead of connecting the shift capacitor to the “VFO cathode”, this point is connected to the FSK terminal on the side of the PTO. Refer to figure 3-3, The FSK terminal on the PTO in the T—4XC is a small lug located between the prongs of the mounting clip on the tight side of the PTO as viewed from the front Panel, ‘One example of such a shift circuit is shown in figure 3-3. The capacitor values are based on 890 Hz shift and thus smaller values will be needed for narrow shift. The value of RX should be selected to limit the current through the 1N270 shift diode to about | mA. 3-12 bb, Refer to figure 3-4. The second method of gener- ating a RTTY signal employs the use of audio oscillators to generate AFSK. When the audio Tones are fed through an SSB transmitter, a simulated FSK signal results. The T—4XC may be used in this mode if regulations permit; however, the cartier oscillator frequency must be shifted approximately $00 Hz farther away from the center of the filter passband. This shift alters the frequency response of the transmitter so that the commonly used 2975 Hz tone frequency falls within the passband of the SSB crystal filter, and also increases unwanted sideband rejection and carrier rejection. A jack is provided on the rear of the T-4XC to shift the carrier oscillator as described above. Supplying a ground to the RTTY SHIFT jack will shift the carrier oscillator when the transmit- ter is in the LSB mode. Therefore, if this method of RTTY is used, the transmitter must be used in the LSB mode. Do not forget to remove the short at the RTTY SHIFT jack when returning to SSB voice operation: When transceiving with an RAC Receiver with the RTTY SHIFT jack grounded, the receiver frequency will shift along with the transmitter carrier oscillator $0 that true transceive operation can be utilized if the terminal unit receives the same tone frequencies as the AFSK tone genera- tor generates. 3.22. PHONE PATCH CONNECTIONS. If the phone patch in the C+ Station Console is used with the T-4XC, provisions are included in the C-4 to accomplish all audio switching. How- ever, if-a phone patch other than the one in the (C4 is used, an additional audio connection may ‘be desired. A 1/4 inch phono jack can be installed in the “spare” 1/4 inch hole on the rear panel of the T-4XC. A piece of shielded audio cable may be used between this jack and the MIC jack to make the parallel audio connection. The “ring” of the microphone plugis the audio connection.xersoarn || PRIVTER vourage 33, + wien TOUAGE estan! ETE RPNRar cfs Le Bs eT TO TU DETECT py Figure 3-3. FSK Circuit wre arry rc vorce SACK (—qayyg-] SHIFT =F |o—~, GROIND FoR RITY 2125us STARS rote goa | OSSTLIATORS EYBOARD WDE srt Figure 3-4. AFSK Circuit 3-13CHAPTER IV THEORY OF OPERATION 41. GENERAL. Refer to the block diagram figure 4-1 and the schematic diagram figure 5-4 for the following dis- cussion, The SSB signal transmitted by the T—4XC is the result of mixing 3 separate oscillators and the audio signals from the mike. The SSB signal is used as the basic example for this discussion. The differences employed in generating an AM or CW signal are explained where they are pertinent. 4.2. SIDEBAND GENERATION AND RF CIRCUITS. ‘The signal on single sideband begins in u crystal controlled oscillator Q2 running at 5645 kHz on all bands. Output from this FET is fed to # four diode balanced modulator through buffer FET Q3 and the carrier balance control R4, ‘The audio signal from the mike is amplified by V9. Note that half of the GAIN contro! R88 appears in the grid circuit of the second half of this tube and serves to control its output. Two different audio ‘outputs are taken from V9B. Low impedance out- put from the cathode is applied to the balanced modulator through the MODE switch for SSB operation. High impedance output is taken from the plate and goes to the grid of V7 for screen modulation of AM. 43. VOX CIRCUIT. Audio is also fed to the VOX amplifiers, VIA and YIOA through the VOX GAIN Adjust control R77, The output from V10A is rectified and thus supplies positive DC voltage which is applied to the grid of the relay control tube V10B, causing it to conduct and close the transmit relay. Audio voltage from the receiver reaches the transmitter through the antivox cable and is rectified by CR13 and CR14, ‘The resulting negative voltage is applied to the grid of VIOB, so that audio from the speaker picked up by the mike will nat cause the relay to close. For push-to-talk operation, the negative bias on VIOB is shorted to ground, thus causing the tube to conduct and close the relay and hold it in as Jong as the push-totalk switch is closed. The VOX/PTT switch disables the VOX circuit and allows only PTT control by shorting the audio applied to the VOX amplifier. Returning to the balanced modulator, the audio and 5645 kHz RF inputs combine to produce an output of double sideband suppressed carrier. This is amplified through V2 and, after impedance transformation in T2, is applied to either the upper or lower crystal filter where the undesired sideband is filtered out, The resulting SSB signal is fed through T3 to the mixer stage V3. The second in- put for this mixer is supplied by the premixer stage. 44, FREQUENCY CONTROLLING CIRCUITRY. In the T—4XC, the permeability tuned oscillator (PTO) Q6, controlled by the main tuning dial, oscillates on frequencies from 4955 10 5455 kHz, Output from this stage goes to the premixer through buffer stage QS. Another transistor oscil- lator Q7 is crystal controfied and runs at fre quencies 11.1 MHz above the low edge of the band in use. In the premixer stage V8, the output of the high frequency crystal oscillator and the PTO are combined and the difference is taken from the Plate through T4 and TS and fed to the mixer V3. Note that when the T~4XC is being used to trans- ceive, the receiver may alo be used as the frequency control with the injection voltage being supplied from the receiver; or if desired, the T-4XC may supply the injection voltage through the same cable to control the receiver. Returning to the mixer, V3, a 5645 kHz SSB signal is supplied to the control grid from the filter, and high frequency injection from T5 to the same grid. The plate of this tube is tuned to the dif->is ference of these two signals by T6. It then goes to the driver stage V4 where it is amplified and applied to the parallel grids of the 6JB6A's, VS and V6 through the tuned circuit of T7. These tubes serve as linear amplifiers and raise the-signal to a suitable power level for the transmission. The out- put is matched to a 52 Ohm load by means of the pinetwork consisting of C83, L6, L7 and C90, 45. MISCELLANEOUS CIRCUITS. ‘The two injection frequency transformers, T4 and TS, and the two driver transformers, T6 and T7, are all permeability tuned by the RF TUNE con- trol which positions their slugs in such a manner that the correct relationship between injection and output frequency is maintained. The injection frequency is always 5645 kHz higher than the transmitted frequency. In order to miniinize Mat-topping in the final stage, if too much signal is provided by the driver, a transmitting AGC circuit is included. At the first trace of overdrive, grid current will be drawn which produces a voltage drop across R37. The small negative-going voltage thus obtained is applied to the cathode of VIB where it is ampli- fied. It is then applied to the grid of V2, thus re- ducing the driver signal. Diodes CRO and CR10 rectify portion of the out- put waveform envelope and apply the resulting voltage to the grids of the 6YB6A power ampli- fiers, V5 and V6, in the proper phase relationship to reduce crossover distortion, The meter of the T-4XC normally reads final amplifier plate current. It is connected in the cathode circuit of these tubes. When the load con- trol on the front panel is depressed, the meter ix 4-2 connected as an RF outpat meter. This circuit samples the output voltage ut the antenna and rectifies it, In the CW mode, the 5645 kHz oscillator is shifted slightly in order to put the carrier within the pass- band of the “lower” crystal filter. A DC voltage is applied to the balanced modulator, thus un- balancing it. The amount of DC voltage and thus the amount of RF output is determined by the setting of the GAIN control, The signal then pro- ceeds through the unit as it does on SSB. Grid block keying of the mixer V3 and driver V4 is uused. The sidetone oseiliator utilizes the first audio stage V9 as a phase shift oscillator to produce an sudio signal for monitoring. When the key is down, this signal is fed to the receiver audio output trans- former through the nti-vox cable using VOB and ‘V7 as amplifiers. When the key is up CRIS shorts this signal to ground due to the fact that keying is also applied to it. To trip the transmit/receive relay instantly when the key is closed, a pulse generated by CRI6 and C115 is applied to the grid of the relay control tube V10. During keying the relay will remain in the transmit position since keyed sidetone output is applied to the VOX system. Holdin time is adjustable with the CW delay pot R73. ‘On AM the carrier oscillator Q2 is again shifted into the passband of the lower sideband filter. A DC voltage applied through R104 is used to un- balance the balanced modulator. Audio from the mike amplifier is supplied to V7 which provides modulation to the screen of the driver stage V4. The resulting output signal is controlled carrier screen modulated AM. Note that the AGC circuitry does not function when the transmitter ison AM. VOX and push-to-talk functions are identical on AM with those described for SSB.2115953 2so50 —S4Ss aang S645 565M Gaus PPR iL PIL sR FILTER FLT mR | pom Bi Hie Ra ae Nate 9555455 bry 70 6A Figure 4-1. Block DiagramCHAPTER V MAINTENANCE 5-1, SERVICE DATA. ‘We will check and align your transmitter at the fuctory for a nominal fee if it has not been tampered with, Transportation charges are extra, Any necessary repairs will be made on a time and material basis. Please write or call the factory for authorization before returning your transmitter for alignment or service, Address your request for authorization to: R. L. Drake Company 540 Richard Street Miamisburg, Ohio 45342 ATTN: Customer Service Department Telephone: (Area Code $13) 866-3211 Code-A-Phone Service after 1630 Hours E.S.T. Telex No, 288-017 WARNING Extreme caution should be exercised when the top and bottom covers are re- moved. High voltage is present at several points which can cause a lethal electrical shock. Repairs and adjustments should be made only by a qualified electronics technician, Disconnect the Power Supply from the T-4XC before removing the covers. 5-2. TOPCOVER REMOVAL. a. Remove the 3 top screws on each side of the T-4XxC, b, Remove cover by first pulling up on the rear and then on the front of the cabinet. 53, BOTTOM COVER REMOVAL. a. Remove the 6 bottom screws from the sides of the T-4xC, b. Lift the T-4XC chassis out of bottom cover. 5-4. TUBE REPLACEMENT. In general, most trouble in radio equipment of good design is due to the failure of tubes. The best method of finding defective tubes is by direct substitution. It is best not to rely too heavily on tube checkers. The T—4XC has been designed so that, with the exception of V4, V5 and V6, tubes can be replaced without need for realignment. When V5 and V6 are replaced, the final amplifier section should always be neutralized. See para- graph 5-10. under alignment instructions. If VS and V6 are replaced with a different brand than originally supplied, it will be necessary to realign the driver plate circuit. See paragraph 5-7. under alignment instructions. If V4 is replaced with the same brand, no realignment is necessary. The T-—4XC is shipped with matched pairs of 6JB6OA tubes. Matched puits of 6JBGA tubes are available from the factory at a nominal cost. To replace the 6JB6A tubes, it will be necessary to remove only the top of the final amplifier cage. This can be accomplished by removing the forward and rear sheet metal screws holding the top tothe cage and then lifting the top out of the two side clips. To. replace the cage, simply -teverse the process. Be sure that the parasitic suppressors do not short to the cage. Contact R. L. Drake Customer Service Department for prices and ordering information to replace tubes or other components, 5-5. TROUBLE-SHOOTING. Careful consideration has been given in the design of the T-4XC to keep the maintenance problems to a minimum. However, it is quite possible that some problem will arise which cannot be cured by tube substitution. If this occurs, we suggest that you either return your unit to, your dealer, or write directly to our Customer Service Department describing your problem in detail, Include full in- formation concerning external connections, con trol settings, tubes substituted, ete. Do not return equipment to the factory without prior authori- 51<>png zation. Always include the serial number of the unit when requesting service information. In case of malfunction, first check power supply fuse on the AC—4 or DC—4 and filament fuse in the T-4XC for continuity. The voltage and re- sistance charts, tables $-1 and 5-2, should be valu- able in isolating minor problems. However, no attempt should be made to service the T-4XC un- less you are thoroughly familiar with clectronic circuitry and servicing technique. Care should be taken not to disturb the lead dress in the T-4XC since several citcuits are quite critical in this regard. 5-6. TEST EQUIPMENT. Alignment of the T-4XC will require the following equipment: a, An 1] megohm VTVM with RF probe. b.A S2 Ohm dummy load of sufficient power handling capacity (Heathkit Cantenna). . The T—4XC has a builtin RF output indicator which can be used. However, an external indi- cator would be much more convenient. dA 12.6 MHz crystal for R-4, R-4A, R-4B or R-4C and T-4XC if 1.8 — 3.0 MHz range is to be aligned, CAUTION Do not attempt to operate the trans- mitter without connecting it to a dummy load or serious damage may result, 57. ALIGNMENT PROCEDURES. Certain T-4XC Transmitters have the slugs in coils TA, TS, T6, and T7 color coded at assembly. Make sure that the slugs are adjusted exactly to the di- mensions shown for the various color codes in the procedures outlined below. 5-8. RF AND MIXER STAGES. 4. Set the RF TUNE knob to its clockwise stop. Meisure the exposed portion of the slugs above the coil forms on T4, TS, T6, and T7. They should measure: 9/16" with no dot or white dot; 19/32” with yellow dot; 34/64" with red dot. bb. Set RF TUNE control to counterclockwise stop and set the pointer to zero by slipping it on the shaft, 5-2 c. 80 meter alignment. 1. Adjust RF TUNE control until: slugs with no dot or white dot are even with top of coil; yellow dot measure 1/32" above coil; red dot measure 3/64” ubove coil. Set the transmitter frequency to 3.700 MHz. 3. Tune and oad the transmitter without moving the RF TUNE control, If the transmitter loads to over 200 mA plate current, reduce the plate current to 200 mA by turning down the GAIN control. 4, Refer to figure 5-3. With the plate current at 200 mA or less, tune the two 3.5 MHz RF trimmers for maximum plate current, The RF trimmers are in the two columns nearest the tear of the chassis, along the left side. If the plate current exceeds 200 mA, reduce it by turning down the GAIN control, 5, Detune TS by touching the rotor contact of 'S~4B (the second band switch wafer from the front) with a screw driver with an IN- SULATED HANDLE and tune the front 3.5 MHz. injection trimmer for maximum plate current. WARNING ‘The rotor of S—4A is connected to 250 Volts! Use extreme caution. 6. Dettine T4 by touching the screw driver to the rotor contact of S—4A (the front band switch wafer) and tune the tear injection trimmers for maximum plate current. Always keep the plate current below 200 mA with the GAIN control 4. For the different bands repeat 3 through 6 above using the settings given below: ‘SLUG DIMENSIONS ABOVE TOP OF COIL 7.0 | 7.200 3/16" 7/32" | 15/64" 14.0 | 14.200) 11/32" 3/8" | 25/64" 21.0 | 21.500 7/16" | 15/32" | 31/64" 28.5 | 28.900] 31/64" | 33/64" | 17/32"¢. On 160 meters, adjust the RF TUNE control so that the slugs with no dot or with white dot are 3/32" below the top of the coil form; yellow dot 1/16" below; red dot 3/64” below. A 12.6 MHz crystal is needed in the T-4XC for this adjust- ment with the VFO set to 300 (1.8 MHz), 59. CARRIER OSCILLATOR, FILTER MATCH AND BALANCED MODULATOR. 2. Follow the regular tune-up procedure on any ham band. Turn MODE switch to SSB, rotate GAIN full CCW and connect push-to-talk line to ground at the mike jack, b. Rotate Carrier Balance controt on top of chassis full COW. ‘¢. Switch Sideband switch to upper sideband and adjust C6 for 0.1 amps of plate current. Tune 14, T2 and T3 for maximum plate current. d. Depress the LOAD control so that relative out~ put is measured on the meter and adjust C6 so that when switching between upper and lower sideband, the relative outputs are equal or un- readable. Or, if an accurate counter is available, connect it to the CAR OSC jack on the rear panel and adjust C6 for exuctly 5645 kHz. ©. Rebalance carrier as described in paragraph 3-9. 5-10. NEUTRALIZING FINAL AMPLIFIERS. a. Set BAND switch to 28.5 and Main Tuning dial to 0.800. Follow standard tune-up procedure while loading into $2 Ohm dummy load, b. Depress LOAD control to read relative output. Note meter reading, then back off GAIN control until approximately 2/3 of maximum output is obtsined. Release LOAD control. ce. Very carefully adjust PLATE control so that you ae exactly on the dip in plate current, De- press LOAD control. Observe reading. Tune plate capacitor clockwise slightly to see if there is a rise in relative output. Return to exact plate current dip and again depress LOAD control and tune plate capacitor counterclockwise slightly, looking for a rise in output meter indication. If there was little or no rise in output in either direction, the transmitter is properly neutralized. Af the output did rise on either side of the plate current dip, neutralization is necessary. Adjust C64 in. small steps, repeat steps.a through ¢-after each adjustment until maximum output and plate current dip exactly coincide. (The adjust- ment screw for C64 is accessible in the power amplifier compartment beneath the chassis. Note: Use an insulated screw driver as B+ is connected to the rotor of C64.) S11. CRYSTAL OSCILLATOR CHECK. a. In order to tell whether or not the crystal oscillator is operative on a particular crystal in the T-4XC, first locate the 6EJ7 premixer V8 and temporarily short the cathode (pin 3) to ground. bb, Measure the voltage on the grid (pin 2) with the DC probe of an 11 megohm VTVM through a 1 megohm series resistor on end of probe, ¢. If the oscillator is operating properly, « negative voltage of several Volts will be observed. 5-12. VFO ADJUSTMENT. ‘The permeability tuned VFO was carefully adjusted at the factory and should require no further align- ment. If it does not appeir to track from one end of its range to the other, it should be returned to our plant for realignment. Maximum calibration error is 1 kHz when calibrated to the nearest 100 kHz point.Table 5-1. Resistance Chart Tuse = PIN NUMBER Type 1 2 3 4 s | 6 7 8 9 VI [T2AXTA] 230K [2.2Nes| 0 | Fil | 0 o [12K | 30K | Fil V2_|12BA6 | IMecz 0 o | Fi | 68K | S5K[ © v3_| cavoa| 450K | 0 | fil | Fi | 60K | 73K [ v4 [i2By7A| = | 97K] 0 Fil ° ne [55K | 20K [ 0 Vs 6IB6A | 65K | 30K a o aif Fil 30K | 68K 0 = Vo_| 6mBeA | 65K] 30K] = | Fi_| Fi | 30K [esK]| 0 = V7 | GAU6A|22Mez] © | Fi | 0 | 36K | 20K] © vs | 6E7 | = = | o | Fi | o 5K | 7K | 0 Vo |12AX7A] 430K 0 Fil | Fil [300K | S00K | 33K | 0 Vio | 6EV7 | 100K [13 Meg) 820 | Fi | Fil [155K] 1Meg [0Ohm| © NOTES: 1. All measurements were made from ground with transmitter connected to AC—4 Power Supply and with power supply disconnected from AC line. 2. Controls were set as follows: BAND_7.0; MODE TUNE; GAIN, VOX, and ANTI VOX controls all fully clockwise. The position of other controls is unimportant. Table 5-2. Voltage Chart TUBE PIN NUMBER: BES | tyre 1 2 3 4 5 6 [7 8 9 vi [izax7al_ no [1s o | 126°] 0 =2 | -o | — v2 [12pa6 | 0 0 0 [126 | 240 | 95 | 22 v3_| sausal —3 [0 | 63% | 126*| 240 | 140 | 22 va_|ipy7al oO | -28 [0 | 126*{ o | Ne | 335 | te | o vs_| @ipea | 250 | -60 [8 o | 63* | 60 | 250 [0 3 vo | op6a | 250 | -60 | 8 | 63* | 126" | -60 | 250 | 0 3 V7_| ¢AU6AT 0 0 | 63" | 0 30 | 130 | 1.7 vs | 667 | 25 [0 26 [ 0 | 63 | 0 | 250 | to | oO V9_|12AX7A| 95 0 63° 6.3* 138 0 i 0 vio | 6EV7 10s 13 63° 12.6" 170 i! 66 NC NOTES: 1. All measurements were made from ground with an 11 megohm VIVM. 2. Unit was tuned into dummy load on 40 meters as described in TUNING PROCEDURE, GAIN contro} was reduced to minimum, and MODE switch left on TUNE. 3. AC—4 Power Supply was used. 4. An * indicates AC voltage.Table §-3. Tube and Semiconductor Complement >nng NUMBER FUNCTION vi I2AX7A, AGC Amp, VOX Amplifier v2 12BAG, IF Ampliticr N3 6AU6A Mixer v4 12BY7A Driver V5.6 6R6A Power Amplifier vi GAUGA AM Modulator va EIT Premixer vo I2AX7A MIC Amp/Sidetone Oscillator vio VT VOX a3 2NS950 Source Followers Q 2NS9S3 Carrier Oscillator Co 2N4125 RITY Carrier Oscillator Shift Os 2N3858 VFO Buffer 8 2NS950 VFO a 2N3304 Crystal Oxcillator CRI Z-13B Voltage Regulator CR? NALS RITY Carrier Oscillator Shift OR3 IN4148 RITY Carrier Oscillator Shift CR B5GS Carrier Oscillator Keying CRS,6.7.8 INS41 Balanced Modulator CRIAO 1N4148, Envelope Feedback Detectors CRI, 12,20 IN4148 Output Meter Circuit R13, 14, 16 IN4I48 VOX & Anti-VOX Rectifiers CRIS IN4148 Sidctone Keyer cRi7 IN4148 Triguor CRIS INTI4 Voltage Regulator RIO BSGS Spot Level IsolationFigure 5—1. Component Locations, Top View ACC XTAL SOCKETSFigure 5-2. Component Locations, Bottom View <>nng PLUG-IN RELAY FILAMENT FUSERF INJECTION TRIMMERS TRIMMERS Figure 5-3. RF and Injection Trimmers. 5-8cf