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Optical Storage Devices

The document discusses different types of storage devices used in computers. It describes magnetic storage devices like hard disks and floppy disks that use magnetic fields to store data on spinning platters. It also describes optical storage devices like CDs and DVDs that use lasers to read and write data represented by pits and lands on reflective surfaces. Additionally, it introduces solid-state storage devices like flash memory, smart cards, and solid-state disks that have no moving parts and use flash memory to store data permanently.

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975 views5 pages

Optical Storage Devices

The document discusses different types of storage devices used in computers. It describes magnetic storage devices like hard disks and floppy disks that use magnetic fields to store data on spinning platters. It also describes optical storage devices like CDs and DVDs that use lasers to read and write data represented by pits and lands on reflective surfaces. Additionally, it introduces solid-state storage devices like flash memory, smart cards, and solid-state disks that have no moving parts and use flash memory to store data permanently.

Uploaded by

Abdullah
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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STORAGE DEVICES

Submitted by:
Rabbia Subhani (53)
Khusba Nadeem (67)
Mariyam Ali (69)

Submitted to:
Ma’am Tayyaba
STORAGE DEVICES
It is any hardware capable of holding information either temporarily or permanently. They
can be external, internal or remote.
WHY IS STORAGE DEVICES NEEDED IN COMPUTER?
Without a storage device a computer cannot save or remember any settings or information
and would be considered a dumb terminal.
Although a computer can run with no storage devices, it would only be able to view
information, unless it was connected to another computer that had storage capabilities. Even a
task such as browsing the internet requires information to be saved on your computer.

CATEGORIZING STORAGE DEVICES:


Storage devices hold data even when the computer is turned off.
The physical material that actually hold data is called a storage medium. The surface of
floppy disk is a storage medium.
The hardware that writes data or reads data from a storage medium is called a storage device.
A floppy disk drive is storage device.

PRIMARY CATEGORIES:
Primary categories are two:
Magnetic storage devices
Optical storage devices
However, a third categorie called Solid-state storage is also in use now.

SOLID-STATE STORAGE (SSDs):


It is a type of computer storage media that stores data electronically and has no moving parts.
ADVANTAGES:
As there are no moving parts, SSD requires less power and produce far less heat than
spinning hard disks drives or megnetic tapes.
They also allow data transfer to and from storage media to take place at a much higher speed
and providing a more predictable life span for the storage media.
DISADVANTAGE:
They are costly than other two categories.

TYPES OF SOLID-STATE STORAGE DEVICES:


Flash memory
Smart cards
Solid-state disk

FLASH MEMORY:
It is a non-volatile storage device that stores persistent data in flash memory.
From non-volatile it means it can store data even if there is no power like a ROM.
It allows you to access data randomly like RAM.
Flash memories comes in different forms, from simple USB to enterprise all flash arrays.
SMART CARD:
Stands for "Self-monitoring, Analysis, and Reporting Technology."
A smart card has the ability to analyse itself and report on its own.
A smart card contains a chip inserted in a reader called Smart card reader or held within a few
inches of the reader(contact-less) data is transferd to a central computer.
It is widely used in mobile phones SIMS, ID cards include that chip, for computer security,
public transit, in hotels for keeping the record of customers.

SOLID-STATE DISKS:
It is type of media storage device similar to a hard disk drive.
It supports writing data and maintains stored data in a permanent state even without power.
Instead of storing data on megnatic platters, this device use flash memory chips, such as
SDRAM(synchronous dynamic RAM).
They are also less quite, light and use less power.

MAGNETIC STORAGE DEVICES:


WORKING:
Store data in the magnetic form
Data is affected by the magnetic field.
Doesn’t use laser to read and write. The data is created, read, erased by using magnetic fields.
High storage capacity.
Made up of platters which rotate very quickly e.g 7200 rpm
Great value and very commonly used in most laptops and computers.

TYPES:
Hard Disk
Floppy Disks
Tape Drivers

HARD DISK:
Non volatile i-e don’t need power to store data
Faster than Floppy Disks
Higher capacity in terms of GB
Non removable, removable
Firstly used in IBM PCs, created with the magnetic materials
Expensive
Most commonly used
FLOPPY DISK:
Also called as Diskette
It has a thin plastic base and a material coated with iron oxide
It records information instantly, be erased and reused many times
Inexpensive
Capacity is 800KB-2.4MB

TAPE DRIVERS:
Magnetic tape is a medium for magnetic recording
It consists of magnetic coating
Used for Audio recording, Video recording as well as Data storage
Tapes used to be packaged as that have to be threated through second spindle for used.
Magnetic tape storage is typically used for offline, archival storage
Tape media generally has a favourable unit cost and a long archival stability.

OPTICAL STORAGE DEVICES:


IBM defines optical storage devices as: “Any storage method that uses a laser to store and
retrieve data from optical media.”

WORKING:
Any optical disk is a high capacity storage medium.
An optical drive uses reflected light to read data.
To store data, the disk’s metal surface is covered with tiny dents (pits) and flat spots(lands)
which causes light to be reflected differently.
When an optical drive shines light into a pit, the light cannot be reflected back . This
represents a bit value of 0(off). A land reflects light back to its source, representing a bit
value of 1(on).

TYPES:
CD-ROM
DVD-ROM

CD-ROM:
In Pcs, the most commonly used optical storage technology which is called compact disk.

READ-ONLY MEMORY (CD-ROM):


A standard CD-ROM disk can store upto 650MB of data, or about 70 minutes of audio.
Once data is written to a standard CD-ROM disk, the data cannot be altered or over-written.
SPEED:
Early CD-ROM devices were called single speed, and read data at a rate of 150KBps. Hard
disks transfer data at a rates of 5-15MBps.
CD-ROM drives now can transfer data at a speed of upto 7800KBps. Data transfer are getting
faster.

USES:
CD-ROM is typically used to store software programs.
CDs can store audio and video data, as well as text and program instructions.

DVD-ROM:
A variation of CD-ROM is called digital video disk read-only memory (DVD-ROM), and is
being used in place of CD-ROM in many newer Pcs.
Standard DVD disks store up to 9.4GB of data enough to store up to 17GB.
DVD disks can store so much data because both sides of the disk are used along with
sophisticated data compression technologies.

OTHER OPTICAL STORAGE DEVICES:


A CD-ROM recordable (CD-R) drive lets you record your own CDS, but data cannot be
overwritten once it is recorded to the disk.
A CD-rewritable (CD-RW) drive lets you record a CD then write new data over the already
recorded data.
Photo CD technology is used to store digital photographs.

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