Unit 1: Personal information.

Ex1:

W=woman

W: Hi, everyone. My name is Lucy Smith. (1) I’m eighteen years old. (2) My parents
are Australian, but actually my nationality German (3) because I was born and
raised there. I am from a really beautiful city called Munich (4) which is in the south
of Germany. I am going to be studying Modern Languages, my major is Spanish (5)
and my minor is Italian, (6) because I love learning about new cultures. My hobbies
are travelling (7) and skiing (8).

Ex2:

K=Kate Winslet

M=Mel Gibson

B=Britney Spears

K: Kare Winslet (1), K-A-T-E W-I-N-S-L-E-T, was born in the south- west of England
in a small city called Reading. (2) That’s spelt R-E-A-D-I-N-G. She still lives in
England (3) and has a large house in the countryside just outside London. Her
hobbies include painting. (4)

M: Mel Gibson, (5) M-E-L G-I-B-S-O-N, is thought by most people to be Australian,

but in fact he was born in Peekskil, (6) P-E-E-K-S-K-I-L-L, which is in America. He
however moved to Australian (7) when he was young and he still lives there now on
a big farm with his many children. His biggest hobby is looking after his farm. (8)

B: Britney Spears, (9) B-R-I-T-N-E-Y S-P-E-A-R-S, was born in Kentwood, (10) which
is spelt K-E-N-T-W-O-O-D. That is in the south of the United States and she still has
a house there although she actually lives now in California. (11) Her favourite hobby
is shopping. (12)

Ex3

M=man

W=woman

M: London has a population of 7 (1) million people.

W: Mount Snowdon in Wales is 2, 927 (2) feet high.

M: The Nile is 1, 529 (3) kilometres long.

W: Shakespeare was born in 1564 (4).

M: The average camera costs $299 (5).

W: People need on average 8 (6) hours sleep to stay healthy.

M: During the Black Death 40% (7) of people in Europe were killed.

W: Queen Victoria had 9 (8) children.

M: America became independent in 1776 (9).

W: The European Union has expanded to 25 (10) member countries.

Ex4

A=Admissions Officer

S=Male students

A: Hello, are you here to register?

S: That’s right. My name is Peter Smith, (1) spelt P-E-T-E-R S-M-I-T-H.

A: What’s your date of birth?

S: 10/10/1975. (2)

A: And your telephone number?

S: My phone number is 07770 296 479 (3) and my home phone number is 01265
649 674 (4).

A: Okay and could you tell me your postcode, please?

S: Sure. It’s SE1 2LP. (5)

A: Great. What’s your nationality?

S: I’m Irish. (6)

A: What’s your city of birth?

S: Dublin. (7)

A: How’s that spelt?

S: D-U-B-L-I-N.

A: Do you have your ID card with you?

S: P958386196X. (8)
A: Do you have an email address?

S: Yes, it’s cleverpeter@hotmail. com. (9)

A: And finally what’s your major?

S: Geography (10)

Ex5:

A=Admissions Officer

A: Well, hello everyone. It’s lovely to see so many new faces. Let’s start by talking
about some of the campus facilities. Most important, of course, it’s the building
where we are now: the Student Hall (1). It’s normally used for large lectures. We
also have a very reasonable Canteen (2) on the ground floor that sells a range of
cheap meals. The main faculties on this campus are the Departments of
Microbiology (3), Physics (4) and Medicine (5). Other Departments are at a different
site. There is a large, well-equipped Library and Multi-Media Centre (6) where you
can access the Internet. Of interest to many of you might be the Student Union (7)
which organizes all the fun extra-curricular activities for students. If you have any
problems, then you can speak to someone in the Student Welfare Office (8).

Ex6

P=Princess Meeya

P: Let me tell you about the different services of the account. First you can have a
cheque book. Your first book is free and has 20 (1) cheques. Your second book you
must buy. It costs $10. (2) You can use it if you have no cash. You can have a Credit
Card if you have a salary more than $800 (3) per month. There is an annual fee of
$5. (4) You pay this on the 1st January each year. (5) Interest is 13% (6) each year.
Now if you take too much money out of your account then you must pay a fine. It’s
$15 (7) each time. The money will be taken out of your account on the 28th of the
next month. (8) If money is deposited into your account, you can use it after 12:00 p.
m. (9) Money deposited by cheque takes ten days to clear. (10)

Ex7

This year we are trying something new. All registration will take place
electronically. First you press New Registration (1) on the screen and enter your
electronic PIN. (2) Your Student ID number and date of birth together form your
electronic PIN. (3) So if your Student ID is 123456 and your date of birth is 10 th
October, then your electronic PIN is 1234561010. (4) Got that? Next you need to fill
in your full name. (5) Followed by Male or Female. (6) Next you need to input your
course name. (7) After that, it will ask you for your full address, press Enter and
then it will ask you for your postcode.

Ex8

N=Narrator

N: He finishes packing his suitcase and opens the door. A taxi is waiting for him.
Who is he? A young man: a student. (1) Where is he going? He is going to a foreign
country (2) to begin his studies in Accounting. (3) Has he been there before? No.
He’s a little afraid because it’s his first time travelling on his own. His mom bugs
him. His dad opens the car door. They wave as the taxi begins to move. When does
his plane leave? He looks at his ticket again: 2:30 p. m. (4) He still has three hours.
What will he do when he gets there? Go to the university to register. (5) How will
his life be in a different place? He doesn’t know.

Ex9

A=Allen

L=Lawyer

A: I need some information about emigrating to Canada.

L: Okay, well I can help you fill in the application form. There are various schemes
that enable suitably qualified candidates to enter Canada. They have a test to see if
you qualify.

A: What score do I need on the test?

L: You need 67 to pass the test. (6) The different elements that award points include
language ability (in both French and English), work experience and qualifications.

A: And do I need to have money to qualify?

L: Yes, you must have enough money to support yourself and your family for six
months after arrival in Canada.

A: How much work experience do I need?

L: At least one year’s full-time work experience in the category of Skill Type O or
Skill Type A or B. (1)

A: What does that mean exactly?

L: Well actually there are hundreds of skilled jobs that fall within that category, for
example Managers, Doctors and Teachers, but also ordinary jobs like Builders and
Secretaries. It is a very wide list of occupations (2). The longer the time that you
have worked, the more points you are awarded towards the total.

A: What are the minimum language acquirements?

L: Well, you can get a maximum of 24 points (7) in total for languages skills in both
English and French (3). The higher the level the more points you can get and there
are points separately awarded for speaking and written language skills.

A: Is there a minimum age to emigrate to Canada?

L: Well, the fact that you need work experience is an indicator that it is for adults
only but children can go with their parents if their parents qualify to emigrate (4).

A: What about educational requirements?

L: Again, the more you have the more points you get. So if you have postgraduate
level of education, you can get 25 points (8), but if you only completed high school
you will only get 5 points (5).

A: So to have the best chance you should speak good English, be well educated and
have lots of work experience.

Ex10

A=Allen

L=Lawyer

L: Based on your own situation, I think you are just short of qualifying.

A: Oh, what do you suggest I do to improve my chances?

L: Well, you definitely need more work experience. You have only worked for nine
months so you need to work at least three months before you qualify to even apply
(1).

A: Okay. That’s easy. What else?

L: Well, you speak some English. There are a lot of points awarded for language
proficiency and that is a really easy way to get a lot of extra points. I suggest you
have an intensive language course so that you can get as many points as possible in
the language category. You can get a maximum of 16 points for speaking one of the
language and 24 if you speak English and French fluently. I think right now you
would get around 8 in total (2). Maybe you could start learning French as well (3).
That would be very helpful.
A: Okay, that sounds like a lot of work, but I’ll see what I can do. I am really
determined to emigrated.

L: You also need a great reference. Do you have someone who can provide a
reference for you?

A: Yes, my boss said he would write a wonderful reference for me (4).

L: Good. We also need to discuss payment of my fees.

A: How much are they?

L: Well, when you sign the contract that says you agree for me to help you, you must
pay 50% of the total amount (6). That’s 10, 000 RMB (5). You pay the other half
when you receive your invitation for an interview from the Canadian Immigration
Office. Then I’ll help you prepare what to say at the interview.

A: Okay, let’s do it.

Unit 2: Business

Ex1:

M=Man

W=Woman

M: Where is the nearest bank?

W: There are many on the Main Street in town.

M: Oh, is there anywhere closer?

W: Yes, the Post Office (1) is like a bank.

M: What is the best bank for saving money?

W: Actually a Building Society is best for that. (2) They have better interest rates for
savers.

M: Why is that?

W: Because the people who use the bank actually own the bank as well.

M: Okay, but what about if I want to access my money everyday?

W: A normal bank is best for that. There are many to choose form. Many of them
give free gifts to new customers.

M: When do banks normally opens?

W: They open at 9:00 a. m (4) and close at 5:00 p. m. They are usually closed on
Saturday afternoon (5) and always closed on Sunday (6).

M: Who can open a bank account?

W: Anyone can open one, as long as they have two forms of identification.

M: What are those?

W: Like a passport or an ID card. You also need a letter showing where you live. (7)

M: Why is that?

W: It’s the law. (8)

M: What’s the minimum deposit?

W: Usually $1. (9)

M: How can I get to the bank?

W: There are lots of buses (10) that go to that street from deposite here.

M: Thank you.

Ex2

P=Princess Meeya

N=Neol

P: Hello, how can I help you?

N: I would like to open a bank account.

P: Okay, well first you need to fill in this information form.

N: Fine. What’s the first thing you need to know?

P: What’s your name?

N: Neol Prince. (1)

P: How do you spell that?

N: N-E-O-L P-R-I-N-C-E.

P: Okay and what’s your date of birth?

N: Dec, 12th, 1983. (2)

P: I also need to know your place of birth.

N: I was born in Smallville, Monrovia. (3)

P: How do you spell that town?

N: S-M-A-L-L-V-I-L-L-E.

P: Okay. I also need to know your current address.

N: Sure, that’s 156 Blue Avenue. (4)

P: Okay and do you know your zip code?

N: Yes. It’s 174932

P: Thank you. Do you have a telephone?

N: Mobile or home phone?

P: You can tell me both.

N: My mobile number is 07850 174 836 (6) and my home phone is 0463 739 865.
(7)

Ex3

Dr. Luther: Good afternoon, class. My name is Dr. Luther and I am in charge of
the field trip next week for this class to the Leopold Wetland. Please pick up the
permission form that was just passed around and let’s look at it together so you
know how to fill it out. First, you can’t go on this field trip without a completed
permission form. No exceptions. Okay. First fill in the name of this class. What was
is again? Oh yes. Biology 301, so write Biology 301 on the first blank (Example).
Then you can write it down that we’re going to the Leopold Wetland, that’s L-E-O-P-
O-L-D. This is the wetland that is right near Aldo Leopold’s old shack, which I am
sure you are familiar with from reading “A Sand Almanac”. We will be going on this
trip on Saturday, May 21st. That’s two Saturday from now, so write, Saturday, May
21st. Now this next part is it’s very important. We will be leaving from Agriculture
Hall at 8 am! That’s 8 am everyone. I know it’s early, but Agriculture Hall is close to
the dorms and that’s why we picked that hall as the departure location. We will
return to Stern Hall at 9 pm. That’s Stern Hall at 9 pm. We’re dropping off there
because they close the gates for the rest of the campus after 8 pm.

Now, I have two more very important things. You all have to bring your own
bag lunch and you should bring, for clothing, a pair of wadding boots. We will be
getting wet! You will absolutely need your wadding boots.

That’s all! We’re going to have a great time that day. So we’ll see you then.

Ex4
P=Princess Meeya

N=Neol

P: Okay, now I need to know what kind of bank account you’d like.

N: I don’t really know.

P: Well what do you need a bank account for?

N: I want to be able to save my money. I also want to be able to access it if I need to.

P: Okay, I think you need two accounts. First a Deposit Account (1) for saving your
money. You can only withdraw (2) money after 100 days.

N: Does that pay good interest rates?

P: Yes, 4% annually (3) before tax. The other account you need is a Current Account.
(4)

N: What’s that?

P: It’s for the money that you use regularly. (5)

N: Yes, I do need that.

P: Do you need anything else?

N: Can I borrow money if I need it? I am thinking of buying a house and a new car.

P: Okay, to buy a house you need a mortgage. (6) For a new car you need a personal
loan. (7) They are different things.

N: Okay. I’ll think about that. One thing I need now is a bank card.

P: Certainly, that is free. Do you also need a credit card? (8)

N: Maybe. Do I have to pay for that?

P: Yes, $30 (9) per year.

N: Alright. I think it will be useful.

P: Okay, let’s fill in (10) these forms and then you can get your cards.

N: Thanks.

Ex5

P=Princess Meeya
P: Okay, now let me show you where everything is. As you come in the entrance, the
Information Desk (1) is in front of you. Behind that is the Help Desk. (2) If you have
a problem, they will be able to deal with it. On the left side are the offices. The first
one is the Manager’s Office. (3) Then in the middle is the Mortgage Office (4) and the
last one is the Personal Loan Office. (5) On the right as you come in is a Waiting Area
(6) with some chairs. If you have an appointment, you can sit here. In the far left
corner are the Cashiers. (7) You can deposit and withdraw money there. The other
counters down the far right are the Bureau for Change (8) where you can change
your money.

Ex6+7

R=Rep for Safe Insurance Company

R: You can never think too much about personal safety and we at the Safe Insurance
Company (1) to dedicate ourselves to helping other people prepare for any financial
problems that might happen to any one of us in the future. Although most of you still
technically live at home with your parents, it is still a good idea to insure yourselves.
You can buy different kinds of insurance: home contents insurance for the things in
your home, life insurance for if you are killed, car insurance and health insurance for
if you are sick. Most students are only interested in home contents insurance. (6) I
am sure many of you have expensive computers and cameras that you want to
protect. Our insurance policies can give you peace of mind. You can insure for a
minimum of £5, 000 (2) that cost £10 per month (3) or you can insure for a
maximum £10, 000, (4) which costs just £15 per month. (5) If something is stolen
you can give us a call 24 hours a day (7) and we will help you make a claim.
Remember though, you need a police insurance number first to make a claim, so you
must also notify the police of something having been stolen. This is to stop people
making false claims. Also we don’t insure for flood damage, (8) so if your things are
destroyed by water then unfortunately we can give you nothing. You are obliged to
make sure your home is safe and locked or we might not give you all your money.
We also have a special insurance for students car drivers. If you don’t make an
insurance claim for 12 months, (9) we give you a no-claims bonus. This means that
your insurance for the following years is reduced by 50%. That can save you a lot of
money. If you need to make a claim at anytime, we promise to pay you the money
within 72 hours. (10)

Ex8

M=Male

F=Female
M: The most important thing is to find a sponsor for our “Most Charming Voice” (1)
contest.

F: I think we should ask companies with an interest in the topic.

M: What kind of companies might those be?

F: Mainly media companies, I guess, like television and radio stations.

M: Okay, so we need to make a list of all the radio and television companies, send
them a letter and hope we get something from them. Maybe they could show the
contest on their station. (2)

F: It would be great if they could.

M: We need to think of other ways of fund raising. (3)

F: We could make contestants pay a small fee.

M: We don’t want to deter people from joining the contest.

F: I know, just a small fee, maybe $1. (4)

M: That seems reasonable. If we have a lot of contestants that will actually raise a lot
of the money we need.

F: How about we raise money by getting listeners to our campus radio to send text
messages (5) voting for their favorite voice. We can charge 10 cents (6) for each
vote.

M: I think that’s a great idea.

F: Maybe the Student Union will provide some funds for us. (7) We should ask them
for help.

M: Yes, we should definitely do that. It’s their job to look after our welfare and
support everything we students do.

F: What else can we do?

M: Well, most importantly we should try to do everything on as small a budget as

possible. (8)

Ex9

1. People joke that on one in Los Angeles reads book.

2. Everyone watches TV, rents videos, or goes to the movies.

3. The most popular reading material is comic books.

4. City libraries have only 10 percent of the traffic.

5. How do you explain this?

6. An annual book festival is sold out year after year.

7. People wait half an hour for a space to become available.

8. A newspaper sponsors this outdoor festival every April.

9. This year’s attendance was estimated at 75, 000 on Sunday.

10. There were about 90 talks given by authors.

Ex10

People joke that no one in Los Angeles reads; everyone watches TV, rent
videos, or goes to the movies. The most popular reading material is comic books,
movie magazines, and TV guides. City libraries have only 10 percent of the traffic
that car washes have. But how do you explain this? An annual book festival in west
Los Angeles is “sold out” year after year. People wait half an hour for a parking
space to become available.

This outdoor festival, sponsored by a newspaper, occurs every April for one
weekend. This year’s attendance was estimated at 70, 000 on Saturday and 75, 000
on Sunday. The festival featured 280 exhibitors. There were about 90 talks given by
authors, with an audience question-and-answer period following for each talk.
Autograph seekers sought out more than 150 authors. A food court sold all kinds of
popular and ethnic foods, from American hamburgers to Hawaiian shave ice drinks.
Except for a $7 parking fee, the festival was free. Even so, some people avoided the
food court prices by sneaking in their own sandwiches and drinks.

People came from all over California. One couple drove down from San
Francisco. “This is our sixth year here now. We love it,” said the husband. “It’s just
fantastic to be in the great outdoors, to be among so many books and authors, and to
get some very good deals, too. ”

The idea for the festival occurred years ago, but nobody knew if it would
succeed. Although book festival was already popular in other US cities, would Los
Angeles residents embrace one? “Angelenos are very unpredictable,” said one of the
festival founders.

Unit 3: Health

Ex1

I=Interviewer
S=Senior Person

I: I would like to ask you some questions about your health for a project I am doing.
Is that okay?

S: Sure. What is the project for?

I: Well, I major in nutrition. (1) I am writing an essay on longevity: that means living
for a long time.

S: Okay, this should be interesting.

I: May I ask if you smoke?

S: Yes, I do.

I: How many cigarettes everyday?

S: Between 40 and 60. (2) At the weekend, I smoke 100. (3)

I: What do you eat for breakfast?

S: I don’t eat breakfast. (4)

I: What do you usually eat for lunch?

S: Usually a hamburger and French fries.

I: What do you eat for dinner?

S: I always eat a big pizza for dinner. It’s my favourite.

I: Okay. How much alcohol do you drink?

S: I usually have on bottle of beer for breakfast, two for lunch and three for dinner.
(5) I have double of that on the weekend. (6)

I: Do you sleep well every night?

S: I go to bed at 2:00 a. m. every day and get up at maybe 5:00 a. m.

I: So you only sleep three hours every night?

S: Yes.

I: Do you play any sports?

S: Yes, I play computer games. (8)

I: Mm, that’s not what I mean.

S: Well, I always feel really tired afterwards and have to drink some beer to relax.
Ex2

S1=Student 1 Male

S2=Student 2 Female

S1: Oh no. They always have unhealthy things to eat here. (4)

S2: I like what they have.

S1: Look at this: pizza, hamburgers, French fries. There are no vegetables at all. (1)

S2: I don’t like vegetables. I am happy with the food here.

S1: Students eat so badly.

S2: Well, we’re young so it doesn’t matter.

S1: Yes, of course it does. The earlier you start to eat healthily the better. If you eat
bad food now, you can get sick when you are older.

S2: I don’t believe that. I do lots of sports so I think I will be okay.

S1: That doesn’t matter. When you are 40, you’ll be fat and tired everyday if you eat
like this. Are you telling me you never have any problems?

S2: Never.

S1: But you are always going to the toilet.

S2: Yes, I have a bad stomach.

S1: What do you mean?

S2: Every time I eat something, I feel pain in my stomach. (2)

S1: That’s what I’m saying. It’s the food you eat that makes you sick.

S2: No, it’s not. It’s because I eat too quickly. (5)

S1: What do you have for breakfast?

S2: I don’t have breakfast. I’m too busy. I have a big dinner instead. (3)

S1: That’s so wrong. Breakfast is important. You shouldn’t have big meals, just lots
of small ones. You especially shouldn’t eat a lot of food in the evening. It’s bad for
you.

Ex3

1. slip 2. cap 3. thirteen 4. cloth 5. meant

6. eat 7. walked 8. taught 9. nice 10. wash

Ex4

1. Would you like to walk in the woods?

2. Fine wine grows on fine vines.

3. Wheels on whales would wind up down wind.

4. Wool and wood are wonderful words to pronounce.

5. Wandering wolves in the woods are weird.

Ex5+6

A: What’s the main food of China?

B: I would say that most people might consider rice as their staple food. But this is
different parts of China. For example, people in the north perhaps eat more noodles
and buns than in the south.

A: Has the diet or food that people eat in China been changing in the last 30 or 40
years, or is it pretty much the same?

B: No, like with almost everything else, we are also beginning to change our diet, not
in any major way but gradually and most changes are especially prevalent among
the younger people.

A: What are some of those changes?

B: Well, the first big change is in the spread of food from other parts of the world.
Perhaps you know that China is going through a fast food craze now. There are fast
food restaurants everywhere in the bigger cities, it seems. The second biggest
change is that the snack foods that people used to typically sell outdoors, are now
being seen in more specialized restaurants that cater to younger crowds. At home,
you are finding people starting to cook dishes that were once though to be luxury
dishes and people are not eating such simple rice and vegetables dishes as they once
did. This is just another sign of growing prosperity.

A: Have you changed your diet over the years?

B: Not really, because I have always preferred to eat colder dishes with lots of
vegetables. You see, I am not that keen on the art of eating. I just eat because I have
to keep my body functioning but I really don’t care that much about what I eat, as
long as it doesn’t have too much oil, and as long as it is relatively fresh.
A: Can you just briefly tell me how you think Chinese food is different from that of
other countries?

B: Well, without knowing too much about the kinds of dishes other people like to
eat, I’ve heard that while Chinese cooking relies more on the stir-fry techinques for
its vegetables, other countries like big pieces of it as they do in places like Australia.
I mean, I don’t mind a hamburger, but to eat such a big cut of meat, and then having
to cut it all up anyway, seems like a waste of time, and I also don’t really like broiled
or baked food.

Ex7

Hello, Super Spicy Indian Restaurant, how can I help you?

Hello, I’d like to order some food but I’ve got a few questions first.

No problem. What do you like to know?

What types of bread do you have?

We have quite a few different varieties but our most popular are chapattis, naan
bread and we also have poppadoms.

What’s the difference between them?

Chapattis are just a simple round bread. It’s flat, it is baked in the oven. If you like
something similar but not quite simple, naan bread is slightly spicy.

What about the poppadoms?

They are very thin and crispy, fried in hot oil, I suppose they are more crispy than
bread.

Thanks for that. What types of curries have you got?

We’ve got dozens of types of curries and not all of them are actually Indian. If you
don’t like spicy curry, chicken korma is a good one.

It is a mild curry with chicken and coconut. The sauce is delicious. Our Rogan josh is
quite spicy. It is a lamb curry. Do you like lamb?

I love lamb.

For our next curry, we have taken the recipe from Thailand. Our Thai seafood curry
is really popular. It is quite unusual and it’s got prawns, fish and potatoes in it. I
know potatoes aren’t seafood, but they taste wonderful with the fish and prawns.

Some of my friends are vegetarians, do you have any vegetarian dishes?

You might like to try our tofu and vegetable curry. That tofu and vegetables served
in a spicy sauce, you can have some bhaji with that.

What is bhaji?

Oh that’s vegetables coated in flowers and fried in oil. Our bhaji is pretty spicy,
actually very spicy. We also do soft drinks.

Do you deliver? Or do I have to come to collect?

Yes, we deliver. If you live within three miles, delivery is free for all orders of over
£10. You can come to the restaurant if you like.

Thanks very much. I’ll speak to my friends and I’ll call you back in a few minutes.

Thanks for calling! Good bye.

Ex8

Sam, an unemployed piano tuner, said it was only the second thing he had
ever won in his life. The first thing was an Afghan blanket at a church raffle when he
was 25 years old. But this was much bigger: it was $120, 000! He had won the Big
Cube, a state lottery game. To win, a contestant must first guess which number a
spinning cube will stop on. The cube has six numbers on it:1X, 10X, 50X, 100X, 500X
and 1000X. If he is correct, the contestant must then guess which of two selected
variables is going to be greater. So, just guessing which number appears on the cube
does not guarantee that you will win any money.

Sam correctly guessed 1000X, but he still had to choose between two
variables. One variable was the number of cars that would run the stop sign at Hill
Street and Lake Avenue in six hours. The other variable was the number of times
that a teenage boy would change TV channels in a three-hour period. This was a
tough decision.

Finally, Sam flipped a coin. It came up heads, so Sam picked the teenager. He
picked right. The stop sign was run only 76 times, but the teen clicked 120 times.
Sixty-year-old Sam jumped for joy, for he had just won 1, 000 times 120, or $120,
000. Sam dreamily left the lottery studio. Talking excitedly on his cell phone while
crossing the street, he got hit by a littel sports car. Sam is slowly getting better. He
was in the hospital for a month. His hospital bill was $110, 000. And the insurance
company for the little sports car’s owner sued Sam for $9, 000 worth of repairs.
Also, Sam still has to pay federal taxes on his winning. Sam doesn’t play the state
lottery anymore. He says it’s better to be unlucky.

Ex9 (chính là bài nghe)

Ex10

The 36-year old bachelor ate his usual lunch at home. He had an apple, a ham
sandwich with a sliced dill pickle, a bowl of chicken noodle soup with a couple of
soda crackers, and a small candy bar, all washed down with an eight-ounce glass of
milk. After he finished breakfast, Ed put everything in the sink, poured a little dish-
washing soap onto a Teflon pad, and scrubbed the soup bowl, the sandwich plate,
and the milk glass. Then he switched on the garbage disposal to grind up the few
bits of food that he had scraped off his plate. He left the kitchen to go brush his teeth.
But he felt something wet on his bare foot. Sure enough, he looked down and saw
some water on the kitchen carpet. “What is this”? he said loud.

Opening the cabinet door under the sink, he saw no dripping water. He went to the
closet and got a flashlight. When he shined the light into the cabinet under the sink,
he saw drops of water on the sides of the dark blue steel cylinder. It looked like he
had a leaky garbage disposal. To test his theory, he turned on the switch, and a
stream of water flowed out of steam onto the cabinet floor and then onto the kitchen
carpet. Ed had a problem but he didn’t have time to fix it now. He had to run some
errands. He put some tape over the switch so he couldn’t accidentally turn the
disposal on again.

Unit 4: Campus life

Ex1

M=Male student

F=Female student

M: Hi, could you tell me how to get to the Hall of Residence (1)?

F: Yeah, go to the left of this building in front of you, walk straight ahead and it’s the
first on the right.

M: Excuse me, where is the Science Department (2)?

F: You need to go right, take the first road on the right and it’s the second building
on the left.

M: Can you help me? I’m trying to find the Library (3).

F: Go to the right of the garden. Turn left and walk straight ahead. It’s the second
building on the right hand side. It’s really big, you can’t miss it.

M: I’m sorry to bother you. Where is the Refectory (4)?

F: Okay, turn left here past the garden. Turn right and it’s the last building on the
left.

Ex2

M=Male student

F=Female student

F: Hello, what’s that building straight ahead?

M: Oh, that’s the Student Union.

F: How do I get to the Business Studies Department (2)?

M: Take the road on the right and just keep going until you get to the last building on
the right. That’s it.

F: Excuse me, where is the cafeteria (3)?

M: Oh, that’s right in the middle of campus. You can’t miss it. Either road will take
you there.

F: What’s that really big building to the left?

M: Those are the Administration Offices (4).

F: Are there any sports facilities (5) on campus?

M: Yes. Take the road on the left and take the first left and then the first right. There
are some courts for basketball.
F: Hi, I’m trying to find the Library (6). Could you help me?

M: Sure, take the road to the left and it’s actually right in front of you.

F: Is it far to the Hall of Residence (7)?

M: Not really. Take the road to the right. Keep going and when you see a round
building, the Hall of Residence is behind that.

F: Where can I buy some new textbooks?

M: The campus bookshop (8) is in the North-West corner of the campus. It’s walking
distance.

Ex3

C=Chairman

C: Welcome one and all. I am the Chairman of the Student Union. (1) I’m here to tell
you what the Student Union can do for you. We are here to look after your welfare
and support your rights as well as make your life more fun. (2) If you think you have
been unfairly accused of something, then you need to go to the Complaints
Department. (3) We also have a Student Hardship Office. That’s for if you are having
financial worries. (4) We can’t give you money but we can tell you where to get help
from elsewhere. The Student Union Association organizes all the societies for sport
etcetera. (5) I feel confident saying we have something for everyone. We also have a
fantastic Entertainment Organization Committee. They arrange concerts on a
regular basis in the university theatre. (6)

Ex4

A=Admissions Officer

A: Welcome new students. I am just going to give a quick introduction to the

campus. Firstly, the building we are in now is the library. (1) It is open 24 hours a
day (7) for studying. If you want to borrow a book, the time is 8 a. m. until 8 p. m.
The big white building next door is the gym. (3) It’s free for most things. (4) You do
have to pay to use the football pitch. On the east side of the campus are all the
laboratories. (5) If you are looking for a building that has the letter “L” before the
number it is a laboratory. For example L22 is Laboratory 22. On the west side of
campus are the student dormitories. (6) There is a Student Welfare Office on the
ground floor of the Library. (7) If you lose your student card, then you need to go to
the Lost and Found Office. The Lost and Found Office is at the Main Gate. (8) There
are three places you can have something to eat. There is a small supermarket near
here. There is a large student dining hall in the centre of campus. (9) There are
kitchens on every floor (10) of the student dormitory buildings.

Ex5

S1=Student 1

S2=Student 2

S1: I have to go to G23. Do you know where that is?

S2: Yes, it’s the Geography Department. (1) It’s really close.

S1: Excuse me. Do you know where I can access the Internet?

S2: Yes, you can do that at the library. (2) It’s a really big grey building.

S1: Is there a theatre on campus?

S2: Yes, there are actually three. (4) The biggest is in the same building as the Dining
Hall.

S1: Are there any sports facilities?

S2: Yes, there’s the main Indoor Gym, but there is also a swimming pool (5) which is
near to the campus, about five minutes walk from here. You can play indoor football
and basketball (6) at the gym.

S1: Where can I register?

S2: Oh, you need to do that at the Registration Office in the Main Building. (7) It’s at
the East Gate. (8)

S1:I want to buy some groceries. Where can I do that?

S2: There is a big supermarket off campus but on campus there is only a small shop.
(9) It’s actually cheaper to eat in the Dining Hall and there is a really great snack bar
in the same building as the library. (10)

Ex6

HB=Henry Botter

H=Hermia

HB: Hi, my name’s Henry Botter, I wonder if you could help me.

H: Sure, what do you need to know?

HB: I am looking for the Admissions Office. (1)

H: Oh, I know where that is. Can you see that big white building?(2)

HB: The one with the double room?

H: That’s right. That’s the Art Department. (3) You need to turn right just before
there.

HB: Okay, what bout after that?

H: You need to continue for about 100 metres. (4) You’ll come to big glass building.
(5)

HB: What building is that?

H: It’s the Dining Hall. The easiest thing is to go straight through the building. (6) On
the other side, turn left.

HB: Okay, what’s next?

H: You’ll see some smaller buildings. Those are all science buildings. (7) Just keep
going until you get to a small crossroads. (8) You need to turn right. Then you see a
really tall building with a big sign which says “Welcome New Students. ”(9) The
office you are looking for is on the 4th floor. (10)

HB: Thank you so much.

H: It’s a pleasure

Ex7

S=Senior Student

F=Freshman Student
F: Hi, can you help me find some places on campus?

S: Sure, I’ll give you a guided tour if you like.

F: That’s great. Where are we now?

S: We are at the Main Gate.

F: What’s that building on the left?

S: That’s the Admissions Office. (1)

F: Okay, and what’s that bigger building behind it?

S: That’s the Modern Languages Building. (2) Anyone can use that building to learn a
new language.

F: That sounds great. What’s that place in front of the Main Gate?

S: That’s the Dining Hall.

F: Is the food any good?

S: It’s okay, I suppose.

F: What are those three buildings on the right of the Dining Hall?

S: They are the science buildings. The first one is Biology, (3) the middle one is
Physics (4) and third one is Chemistry. (5)

F: What’s that beautiful round building?

S: That’s the Students Recreation Building. (6) They have games and loads of
activities for free.

F: Wow. That’s wonderful.

S: Yeah, that really huge building near it is the Gym. (7) Most fo the sports are free,
but some you have to pay for. To the right of the Gym, in that quite big building are
all the dormitories.

F: What’s that building in the North-West corner of the campus?

S: That’s the English Literature Department. (8) I study here.

F: Really?

S: Yes and the building between that and the Modern Languages Department is the
Library. (9)
Ex8

J Hi Tim! (Tim: Jane). How are you? (Tim: Fine). I’d been wondering when I’d run
into you. Have you been here long?
T I arrived yesterday, on Sunday. How about you?
J I got here a few days ago, on Saturday. No, wait a minute, what’s today? – Sorry
Friday, not Saturday.
T But we didn’t have to be here till today.
J Yes, I know, but I wanted to get my things moved into my room, and just take a
look around. So, did you decide to do English in the end?
T No, I changed my mind and opted for history instead. And you’re doing biology,
if I remember correctly.
J Yes, although to start with I couldn’t decide between that and geography.
T How much reading have you got? I was given an amazingly long list of books to
read. See!
J Wow, it does look pretty long.
T Well, I counted 57. I could hardly believe it! What’s your list like?
J Well, it is not long as yours, but it is pretty big. There are 43. I don’t know how
T I’m going to get through them all.
J Well you don’t have to read them all this week! You just have to stay ahead of
the lectures and seminars. Have you got your class schedule yet?
T Yep. It came with the reading list. Where’s your first lecture?
J Tuesday. How about you?
T The day after. It is my busiest day. I’ve got two lectures in the morning and one
in the afternoon.
J It’s going to be different from school, isn’t it?
T Yeah, particularly the lectures. Have you got any special strategy for listening
to lectures?
J Well I am going to use a cassette recorder and record them all.
T What? Are you allowed to?
J Sure. Lots of people do it nowadays. It means you can listen to the lectures all
over again later, and make really good notes.
T I couldn’t do that. I like to take notes as I’m listening. I usually find I get all the
important points. Reading is different of course. My approach is to skim the
book first to see what’s important and what it isn’t. It saves hours of time.
J But what if you miss something?
T You don’t mean you’re going to read every word, do you?
J Well, that’s what I usually do.
T Well, that’s up to you, but I think you’re crazy!
Ex9

Welcome to further education Information Week. This is the Physical Education

Faculty’s session and I’m the Head of the Faculty. During the course of this morning
we hope to give you a clear idea of what we offer in our training programs and we
will look at the types of courses and the entry requirements, if any, for those
courses. Some of these courses are open to school leavers, but for some you need
previous qualifications, or relevant successful employment.

So firstly, the Physical Fitness Instructor’s course is offered as a six-month

certificate course which includes an important component of personal fitness but
there are no specific entry requirements.

For Sports Administrations we provide a four-month certificate course but you

should be aware that this is designed for those who are in employment. This
employment must be current and related to sports administration.

For the Sports Psychologist course we offer a one-year diploma course, but this
diploma course is available only to those who already hold a degree in psychology,
so you need to make sure you have that before you apply to do this course.

Now… for the Physical Education Teachers we offer a four-year degree in education.
This degree course is designed for preparing students to teach in primary and
secondary Schools and needs no prior qualifications as it is entered directly by
school leavers.

And lastly for the Recreation Officer’s course we offer a six-month certificate. Entry
to this course normally includes applicants of a wide range of ages and experiences,
but we do not insist on any prerequisites for this course.

Remember that this is a vocational training institute. We train you so that you can
take up a particular kind of job. So it is important that you know the main roles of
the jobs – what the work is like and what kind of qualities you need to succeed at
them.

A Physical Fitness Instructor works in health and fitness centres preparing

individual programs for ordinary members of the public. Physical Fitness
Instructors prepare routines of exercises to suit the individual client’s age and level
of fitness.

Sports Administrators run clubs and sporting associations. Their duties include such
things as booking playing fields with local councils and organizing the schedule of
games or events for the club, so they need good organizational skills.
Sports Psychologists spend time with professional athletes helping them approach
competition with a positive mental attitude to enable them to achieve their personal
best. They do this by improving motivation and concentration or assisting with
stress management.

Physical Education or PE Teachers instruct young students in how to exercise, play

sport and do other recreational activities correctly and safely. PE teachers help the
development of co-ordination, balance, posture and flexibility with things like
simple catching and throwing skills. They are not expected to be experts in all
sports, but must be able to show students the basic techniques involved in a wide
range of activities.

Recreation Officers often find themselves working for local government authorities
and local groups. Their aim is to raise people’s awareness of healthy lifestyles and
improved general fitness through arranging recreational activities for groups of all
ages from the very young to the elderly. There are many other job opportunities
which our graduates can look forward to. If you are interested in any of these…

Ex10

H=Hepburn

M=Male Fan

H: Sorry to bother you, but I’m lost.

M: Oh, I know you . Don’t I? You’re Audrey Hepburn. Welcome to Paris.

H: Thank you. I’m trying to get to the Registration Office. Can you help me?

M: Sure. This is the North Gate. On the left is the Administration Office (1) and on
the right is the student cafeteria (2).

H: Okay, what’s that big white building directly in front?

M: That’s the campus bookshop (3). There’s a theatre in the same building as well.

H: Great!

M: That tall red brick building just behind the bookshop is the Registration Office
(4).

H: Oh thank you so much for helping me.

M: It’s a pleasure. Good luck.

Unit 5: Animals and environment

Ex1

M=Monologue

M: There one was a lovable little dolphin (1) called Pinot. He used to live in the big
open sea (7) where he was born. But one day, when he was seven years old, (2) he
was caught and sent to live in a marine park. (3) He was such a clever little thing. He
learned new tricks much faster than the other animals, (8) and many people, young
and old, came from miles around to see him perform. (4) He could shoot up into the
air, jump through hoops, dance on the surface of the water, play with a ball, shake
hands with people and many other things beside.

In time, people came to the marine park just to see him. He became a big star and
everyday coach-loads of tourists arrived with one thing in their mind: to see Pinot
for themselves. He was especially good with children. (5) He even let them swim in
the water with him and hold onto his fin while he swam around. He was so patient
and gentle that parents were perfectly at ease seeing their children splashing
around with him.

Pinot had a trademark: a thing he always did at the end of every performance.
When he had finished amazing people with his tricks, he would incline his body and
wave his right fin as if to say goodbye to all the people. (6) Everyone remarked how
humanlike he was. (9) It was as thought he got genuine satisfaction from his job.
(10)

Ex2

M=Monologue

M: But one day, after only one month had passed (1), Pinot suddenly became very ill.
The marine park veterinarians tried everything they could, but they couldn’t work
out what was wrong: they changed his diet; they changed the water in his pool; they
gave him every kind of medicine but nothing worked. Soon Pinot became much,
much worse, and eventually he stopped eating altogether (4). They decided he
needed to go to hospital.

At the hospital, they did numerous tests to determine the cause of his illness. One
of the tests was an X-ray. The X-ray showed an object in Pinot’s stomach and they
wondered if this was the root of the problem. They decided to perform an operation
straight away. When they cut his stomach open, they found inside a piece of jagged
metal (5) which had caused a festering wound inside him. No wonder he had been
so ill. Poor Pinot! They removed the metal and then waited and prayed that he
would recover.
 Pinot did wake up, but the operation had come too late. He opened his eyes,
inclined his body and waved his right fin, giving them his very last goodbye (6). He
closed his eyes again, and an hour later (2) he passed away. All the people who had
worked with him cried so much, their eyes became red and sore and all those who
had come too see him perform at the zoo were very sad to hear the news. No one felt
like celebrating anything for a long time after or watching the performances of the
other animals.

In his honor they decided to place a state of Pinot (3) at the marine park in his
most famous pose: incling his body and waving his fin.

Ex3

PRESENTER: Good afternoon. I’m glad you all found your way here. Now I’d
like Dr. Wallace to introduce us to the Arboretum.

DR. WALLACE: Good afternoon. Although at first glance the Arboretum may
look like a park, it is a research and teaching facility that also provides a place for
people to develop a positive relationship with nature.

When then University of Wisconsin-Madison purchased the land, mostly

during the 1930s, much of it bore little resemblance to its pre-settlement state.
Instead, it had been turned into cultivated fields and pastures that had fallen into
disuse. The university’s Arboretum committee decided, early on, to try to bring back
the plants and animals that had lived on the land before its development.

Though they may not have anticipated it at the time, the committee’s
foresight resulted in the Arboretum’s ongoing status as a pioneer in the restoration
and management of ecological communities. In focusing on the re-establishment of
historic landscape, particularly those that predated large-scale human settlement,
they introduced a whole new concept in ecology: ecological restoration-the process
of returning an ecosystem or piece of landscape to a previous, usually more
“natural” condition.

Madison was a fast-growing city in the 1920s. Fortunately, some leading

citizens recognized the need to preserve open space for Madison’s residents. Most of
the Arboretum’s current holdings came from purchases these civic leaders made
during the Great Depression. In addition to inexpensive land, the Depression
brought a ready supply of hands to work it. Between 1935 and 1941, crews from the
Civilian Conservation Corps were stationed at eh Arboretum and provided most of
the labor needed to begin establishing ecological communities within the
Arboretum.

Efforts to restore or create historic ecological communities have continued

over the years, with the result that the Arboretum’s collection of restored
ecosystems is not only the oldest but also the most extensive such collection. In
addition to these native plant animal communities, the Arboretum, like most
arboreta, has traditional collections of labeled plants arranged in garden-like
displays. These horticultural collections, featuring trees and shrubs of the world, are
the state’s largest woody plant collections.

Ex4+5

Homebuyers nationwide are watching housing prices go up, up, and up. “How
high can they go?” is the question on everyone’s lips. “As long as interest rates stay
around 5 percent, there’s no telling, remarked one realtor in Santa Monica,
California.

“It’s crazy, ”said Tim, who is looking for a house near the beach. “In 1993, I
bought my first place, a two-bedroom condominium in Venice, for $70,000. My
friends thought then that I was overpaying. Five years later, I had to move. I sold it
for $230, 000, which was a nice profit. Last year, while visiting friends here, I saw in
the local paper that the exact same condo was for sale for $510, 000!. ”

It is a seller market. Homebuyers feel like they have to offer at least 10

percent more than the asking price. Donna, a new owner of a one-bedroom condo in
Venice Beach, said, “That’s what I did. I told the owner that whatever anyone offers
you, I’ll give you $20, 000 more, under the table, so you don’t have to pay your
realtor any of it. I was tired of looking. ”

Tim says he hopes he doesn’t get that desperate. “Whether you decide to buy
or decide not to buy, you still feel like you made the wrong decision. If you buy, you
feel like you overpaid. If you don’t buy, you want to kick yourself for passing up a
great opportunity. ”

Everyone says the bubble has to burst sometime, but everyone hopes it will
burst the day after they sell their house. Even government officials have no idea
what the future will bring. “All we can say is that, inevitably, these things go in
cycles, ”said the state director of housing. “What goes up must come down. But, as
we all know, housing prices always stay up a little higher than they go down. So you
can’t lose over the long run. Twenty years down the road, your house is always
worth more than you paid for it. ”

Ex6

1. Homebuyers nationwide are watching housing prices go up.

2. How high can they go?

3. That’s the question that is on everyone’s lips.

4. A realtor said that interest rates are around 5 percent.

5. Tim is looking for a house near the beach.

6. His first place was a condominium in Venice for $70, 000.

7. My friends thought then that I was overpaying.

8. I saw in the local paper that my condo was for sale for $510, 000!

9. You still feel like you made the wrong decision.

10. Everyone says the bubble has to burst sometime.

Ex7

N=Nicole

K=Kylie

N: I wonder if it is possible to solve these problems.

K: Well, you know my major is environmental science. (6) This is exactly the kind of
thing I study.

N: What do you suggest the Australians should do?

K: Firstly the issue of the hole in the ozone layer. The government should ban the
use of machines that produce carbon monoxide. There are old cars and old
machines that are mainly responsible for that problem. (1)

N: I didn’t know that.

K: On the matter of water pollution caused by the mining industry: You can’t stop
mining but you can force mining companies to be responsible for cleaning any water
that they use and make them responsible for safely storing any waste products. (2)

N: What about the number of cows and sheep which are destroying the grasslands?

K: I think the government should offer farmers money to move to a different form of
farming, growing crops (3) that don’t need much water or farming animals that are
native to Australian, (7) like kangaroos. Lots of people like to eat kangaroo meat,
you know.

N: I know. I like it a lot myself.

K: The cyclone problem is a difficult one to solve because the problem is not
Australia’s. Rather, it is a global problem. (8) I think Australia should talk to other
countries about this problem and encourage all of them to treat the environment
with more respect. (4)

N: What about the problem of fires?

K: Bushfires are actually natural. They encourage new plants to grow. The problem
is we don’t let them burn naturally so we sometimes have these really big fires that
destroy everything. We should allow small regular bushfires and we shouldn’t let
people build houses too close to areas that often have these fires. (5)

Ex8

1. Did he go to the father mission?

2. Did he go to the farther mission?

3. He bought four beers at the fair.

4. He bought four bears at the fair.

5. Barb really didn’t want to see the poor.

6. Barb really didn’t want to see the pore.

7. Larry and Laura carved their carvings last night.

8. Larry and Laura curved their carvings last night.

9. The four girls waited for dark.

10. The four girls waited for dirk.

Ex9

Friend at a party:

Hey everyone, can I get your attention please? My name is Shawn Price and I
want to tell you about a party we’re having for friends and acquaintances this
weekend. Some of you may have invitations already, but I want to tell you about a
couple of changes since we started handing those out.

First, since so many people are coming now, we’re not calling this a welcome
party for new friends to Beijing anymore; we’re just calling it a Dance Party
(Example). It will still be held on Saturday May 25 at 10:30 pm at Bluejays, near the
Workers Stadium, but now we’re planning on not ending at midnight but going all
night!!! Yeah, I know some of you will like that. Now the thing that we think is
special about this party is that the profits from the door money is not going to me or
some bar owner, all door money will be donated to help children in the area. This
means we’ll be giving your door fee to help orphans or kids who need some kind of
surgery or something. Yeah, I know, that’s cool! Our DJ will be a good friend of mine
from America, Cool Cliff. And another important thing, this is not by invitation only,
the party is open to all. That means that you might get what looks like an invitation,
but it’s really just an announcement to help you remember the party and get there!
So invite all your friends to come, and be ready to dance, drink beer, and have some
fun!!!!

Ex10

The city of Armada opened its arms to a new business on Huntington Drive at
First Street. The store, called Turtle Dove, is a pet shop specializing in two kinds of
animals. The owners are two brothers, Bill and Bob Pidgin. They moved here from
the northen California town of Santa Rosa, where they owned an ant farm store
called Animal House. That store was such a success that after five years they sold it
for a big profit.

They took it easy for a couple of years, traveling throughout the states. “We
visited almost every zoo in the country, partly because we love animals and partly
because we were looking for inspiration for our next business, ”said Bill. They finally
decided on turtles and doves. “They’re easy to feed and care for, both animals live a
long time, ”said Bob.

The store will be open from 9:00 am to 9:00 pm from Wednesday through
Saturdays. “We think those are hours that our customers will find very convenient.
Plus, the three days off gives us a chance to go into the woods and find more critters.
We never buy our animals; we always try to collect them from the wild. That way we
can pass on huge savings to our customers. And, of course, by removing these
animals from their natural habitat, we protect them from being devoured by their
natural enemies. So our customers are happy, our animals are happy, and we’re
happy. It’s a win-win for all of us. ”

Unit6: Education

Ex1

A=Cambridge University Advertiser

A: Cambridge University seeks to attract the very highest caliber of students and, for
this reason, there is a minimum requirement of 3.7 GPA (1) for prospective
students. For those who do meet this prerequisite for admission, the course at our
university are second to none. The system of application to both Cambridge and
Oxford (or Oxbridge as they are collectively known) differs greatly to that applicable
to other British universities. (2) There are two separate but equally importatn forms
to fill out. (5) the first is for UCAS, the University and Colleges Admissions Service.
This is essential for any students wanting to join an undergraduate course in Britain.
(6) The second is the University’s own application form. You may or may not choose
to state a preference as to which college you should like to enroll in but bear in mind
that some colleges are particularly over-subscribed. (7) Unlike most other countries,
British undergraduate degrees are highly specialized and are consequently of a
shorter world-renowned. We look for students who not only have a high level of
ability in their chosen field of study but also have skills in a wide range of interests.
(4) We particularly welcome students with musical talent (8) and we offer many
scholarships and bursaries to such candidates. Overall, a student who has
experience in a wide range of extra-curricular activities will be preferred over one
who hasnt’t.

Ex2

A=Cambridge University Advertiser

A: Prospective postgraduate students applying to British universities in general

follow a very different system to that for undergraduate students. Application is
always direct to the university of choice. (1) For that reason it involves a far greater
amount of effort on behalf of the student. Candidates must hold the equivalent of at
least an Upper Second undergraduate degree (2) directly related to the
postgraduate program they wish to follow. International equivalents are hard to
quantify and are judged on a case-by-case basis. (3) For guidance purpose only, an
Upper Second is an above average score. Our most popular postgraduate degrees
are in Science and English Literature. (4) A much higher level of English language
ability is required for Arts courses (6) than for Sciences, but both require a higher
level than for undergraduate courses. Applicants for Music must have proven
professional experience (8) at a national level in order to be considered. Some
majors require no previous related study. The MBA program is of course the prime
example. (10) This course is extremely popular and you can assume that you will
not gain admittance unless you have an extremely good undergraduate degree. Law
candidates must pass an additional exam. (7) Some Masters courses are taught,
some are research based. Science Masters require the student to make detailed
analyses (9) of observed phenomena and initiate the student into how to record the
information in a concise and academic manner. The Faculty of Languages and
Literature requires two references from senior academics. (5) Many of our
graduates go on to become university professors at home and abroad.

Ex3

It’s July, 1983, I am travelling between government offices near Winchester,

Hampshire, England. Now I came up to some trees and I looked to the left, there was
a beautiful amphitheater there. And I sort of took a second look, you know just like
“What? What’s that?” And below the hill were five circles forming a cross. This was
cold, out of nowhere. It was me on my way to a meeting with this problem or that
problem to think about, looking, seeing, and wondering what in the world is this.

Ex4+5

The well-dressed, gray-haired woman was crying her eyes out. She had just
been fine $100 by the judge because a month ago her dog made a mess on the front
lawn of the courthouse.

“I just got out of the cab and I leashed Poopsie to the light pole. After I paid
the fare and gave the driver a dollar tip, I turned around and saw that Poopsie had
made a mess. I didn’t have any plastic bags, so I said, “Well, Poopsie, let’s go home.
There’s nothing I can do about this now. ”

“We were just starting home when I heard this voice out of nowhere: ‘Excuse
me, ma’am. Is that your dog?’ I turned around. It was an officer of the law. Well, of
course, it was my dog. ‘That dog just made an illegal deposit on the courthouse
lawn. As its owner, it’s your responsibility to dispose of that deposit. See the sign
over there? I’m going to have to write you a citation. ’”

“I asked him what sign he was talking about. He pointed all the way down to
the end of the block. One little sign, a block away! How could anyone see that? I
couldn’t see that sign with my best opera glasses. The officer said that I could fight
the ticket. He said the judge was a nice old man who owned four dogs. So I said, ‘OK,
thank you, I’ll fight the ticket. ’”

“So when I went to the court, I dressed Poopsie up in his prettiest ribbons and
made extra sure he did his business first. We were both so excited. I just knew the
judge and Poopsie would hit if off. ”

“But do you know what happened when we got inside? They had a different
judge, a judge who is allergic to dog, and he immediately started sniffling, coughing,
sneezing, and looking around. And then he yelled at me to get the dog out of the
courtroom. He fined me $100 on the way out without even giving me a chance to
talk about Poopsie’s chronic dyspepsia. It was terrible! I’m still upset. ”

Ex6

K=Kate

L=Leo

K: The purpose of our research was to determine the effect of TV on children’s

reading and writing in the south of England. (1)

L: Yes, so what conclusions do you think we can draw?

K: Well, it seems quite clear after interviewing 500 children (2) and their parents
that there is a direct link between the amount of TV and the literacy level of
children. (5)

L: But how do we know that that is because of the impact of watching TV? It could
be due to any number of factors?

K: What other factors do you think there might be?

L: For example, the financial background and educational ability of the parents. Is
there a link between the literacy level for the parents and the amount of TV children
watch, do you think?

K: I think so, but that is why I deliberately chose children from a very similar
financial and social background. They all have stable two-parent families (3) with
annual incomes in the range of $25,000 to $35,000. (4) All of the mothers are
housewives (6) and all the parents are university graduates. (7)

L: That’s good. That shows we have eliminated other potential factors.

K: The results show that for children who watch 2 hours of TV per day there is a
decline in reading ability of between 10% and 20% (8) and for children who watch
four hours per day there is a decline of 35%.

Ex7

K=Kate

L=Leo

L: What solutions do you recommend yo solve the problem?

K: Of course, we should recommend that parents restrict the amount of time (1) that
their children spend on watching TV.

L: Do you mean stop them from watching TV altogether?

K: No, I mean only allowing them to watch programs with good educational content,
and then perhaps letting them watch a little of what they want when they have done
well at school. (2)

L: Okay, but what about the carrot and stick approach? You can stop them from
watching TV but what about actually getting them to read more.

K: You’re right. Parents should set aside time everyday as reading time. (3) Let the
children choose a book so that they are active in the learning process and then they
can read it together. It should be a regular thing and it is also a chance for the
parents and child to be together.
L: How much time should they devote to this activity?

K: I don’t think the amount of time is critical: it is more important that it is a daily
activity. Maybe they could spend 15 or 30 minutes per day doing this.

L: What about improving writing? I think that’s a more difficult problem.

K: Yes. Maybe the parents could allow their children to watch a cartoon but then
after they must write a paragraph saying what is was about. It doesn’t have to be
much as quality is much more important than quantity.

L: Yes, we must also stress that parents should be more active in their children’s
lives. (4) Parents should know that they need to play an active role in their
children’s education.

Ex8+9

A local community college professor decided to fight back. “The price of

books for our students is just getting higher and higher and, combined with the
rising cost of tuition, it’s killing these kids, ” said Peter Jason, Ph. D. “Remember,
students are one of the poorest groups of people in America. Almost half of them
have at least one part-time job. In fact, one of my students has three jobs. She is a
part-time sales clerk at a clothing store three days a week, then works three evening
a week as a pizza cook, and on weekends she does manicures at a beauty salon. And
she still manages to have a high GPA and go to school full-time. ”

Textbook prices are traditionally high. Adding to that problem, many college
instructors change textbooks year after year; they either upgrade to a new edition
or switch to an entirely different textbook. This further hurts students because if an
instructor no longer uses a particular textbook, that book has no resale value.

Dr. Jason decided to make life a little easier and a lot cheaper for his students
by writing his own book on public speaking: “Many books have an increased price
because of bells and whistles: CD-ROMs, lots of color photographs, and lots of
graphics. I talked to my students, and many of them, like me, prefer to keep things
simple. So, during a sabbatical a few years ago, I wrote my own textbook. I made
sure that it wasn’t long-winded. I called it Successful Public Speaking: How To Be
Brief, Concise, and to the Point. ”

“Compared to most other public speaking primers, mine is half the number of
pages, and one-third the price. That is, $30 instead of $90. Plus, it is published in a
three-ring binder format. So, when I wrote a second edition last year, students only
had to buy the 35 new pages and delete 35 of the original pages. For only $7. 00,
they had upgraded to the new edition. I’ve had great feedback from my students
about this loose-leaf concept. Maybe the word will get out, and more writers and
publishers will try it. ”

Ex10

1. better 2. wealthy 3. meeting

4. trial 5. little 6. cycles

7. chin 8. all 9. Norman

10. fun

Unit 7: Media

Ex1

M=Male

F=Female

M: We need to find new customers for our Studying Consulting Company. (1) Do you
have any idea?

F: We could advertise.

M: Which are the most suitable media to advertise our company?

F: Newspapers are the cheapest. (2)

M: Yes but most young people don’t really read them and they are our customers.

F: No, but their parents do.

M: Magazines are the same, I guess.

F: Actually they are a lot more expensive than newspaper but still much cheaper
than radio and TV.

M: What’s the advantage of a magazine then?

F: They usually have a very specialist target audience. (3) So we can choose a
magazine that is aimed at students, or aimed at language learners. Also we can have
a colorful and very attractive advertisement in a magazine.

M: What other media are there?

F: Radio is good. It is cheaper than television but you can still make it interesting by
adding music. Again you can use a specialist radio station, one that young students
listen to.
M: Yes, but when you hear information but don’t see it, it is more difficult to
remember, (4) for example, telephone numbers and contact names.

F: That’s why you need a good jingle, a short and memorable song (5) to help people
remember the important information. (6)

M: What about TV?

F: Of course it’s the most expensive (7) but that’s because it’s the best. Everyone
watches TV (8) so you can advertise to a lot of people at the same time. (9) People
also trust (10) companies that advertise on TV because they think it must be a good
company if it can afford the cost of doing so.

Ex2

M=Male

F=Female

M: All things considered, I think radio and TV are the most suitable for our
campaign. (1) Do you agree?

F: Yes. They are the most memorable and they reach the greatest number of people.
(2)

M: Magazines are good, but I think you have to advertise for a longer time to reach
enough people and often there are many advertisements that are very similar in the
same magazine.

F: Whilst newspaper are good, people don’t really read the advertisements in a
newspaper unless they are looking for something special.

M: I guess the biggest advantage fo radio and TV advertisements is that you can’t
avoid them. (3) If you don’t want to read an advertisement in a newspaper then you
can just turn the page but on TV most people just sit and watch them.

F: I think radio advertisements are often quite popular (4) as well. I know I
sometimes sing little song advertisements that I have heard on the radio. It’s a good
way to achieve a strong brand and make people remember the name of your
company. (5) That’s especially important when there’s a lot of competition and
many companies offering the same services as you. (6)

M: Good point. Many TV advertisements are very entertaining as well. I guess it’s
definitely worth spending the extra money on radio and TV.

Ex3

1. Blake praises Faye’s face.

2. Please clean up the pink drink.

3. Is it true that Drew won a trip for two to the zoo?

4. The slow snowfall showed no signs of hope.

5. Today’s topic was tropical flowers.

6. The present was a pleasant surprise.

7. What flavor of ice cream do you prefer?

8. He frankly clarified his position.

Ex4

1. The team already had a pecking order.

2. The group was wondering about the forest.

3. The rest of the car was too much for Fred to work on.

4. The cowboy’s horse was bucking in the stall.

5. Jan had a knack for getting good grades.

Ex5

6. After the rain canoeists saw puddles.

7. Janet put the remainder of the chocolate kisses in the cap

8. Jenny’s son was caught in the playground after dark.

9. Fran’s buddy needed exercise.

10. Melanie’s shade was provided by a frond.

Ex6

A: How did you avoid a parking violation?

B: Easy. I parked my vehicle in a vacant lot.

A: Don’t they ever check there?

B: Never. Not even in the most severe crackdowns.

A: You’re lucky. I’ve been cited five times.

B: Take my advice. Get a validated parking sticker.

Ex7+8

Residents of southern California are trying to get used to skyrocketing prices

for gasoline. The average price for 87 octane economy gas is $2.22, almost 30
percent higher today than it was 12 months ago. The lowest gas price in the
Southland right now is $2. 09 a gallon at the Seashell station in Arcadia. The station
manager, Everett, said the reason his gas is cheaper than elsewhere is that he
bought a lot of gas two years ago at reduced prices, so he is passing his savings on to
his customers.

The lines at the Seashell station often run 10 to 20 vehicles long. The police
have been here several times because cars block traffic on Horsetrail Drive. Everett
said, “I tell people in line that the Barco station a block away is only $2. 14, but
they’d rather wait and save 5 cents. It’s OK with me, of course. I don’t mind making
money. ”

A young man pumping gas said he had waited in line for 20 minutes. When
asked why he didn’t go a block away where there were no lines, he said, “Every
penny counts. When I bought this ’99 Bummer, gas was only $1 a gallon, which was
pretty cheap. So, even though I only get eight miles per gallon, I wasn’t paying that
much to fill my tank. But today’s prices are killing me. I drive to work, and I drive to
the grocery store. That’s it. I used to drive around the neighborhood just to show off
my wheels, but I can’t do that any more. ”

Ex9

1. Southern California gasoline prices are skyrocketing.

2. The average price for economy gas is $2. 22.

4. Gas prices are 30 percent higher than 12 months ago.

5. He is passing his savings on to his customers.

6. The lines at the gas station often run 10 to 20 vehicles long.

7. The police have been here several times because cars block traffic.

8. A young man pumping gas said he had waited for 20 minutes.

9. He didn’t go a block away where there were no lines.

10. Today’s gas prices are killing me.

Ex10

D=David Beckham T=Tony Blair

M=Madonna Y=Yao Ming

B=Bill Gates SH=Stephen Hawking

C=Charlie Dimmock SS=Stephen Spielberg

D: My name is David. I am a professional footballer. (1) I have played at the highest

level for more than 12 years now. I love my job, but I love other things as well,
especially fashion.

T: My name is Tony and I am the Prime Minister of England. (2) Before I went into
politics I was a lawyer. That’s how I met my wife. She is a lawyer too.

M: My name is Madonna and I am a pop star. (3) I have been successful for twenty
years. It is difficult to be a superstar for such a long time but I try very hard.

Y: My name is Yao, I am a basketball player. (4) I play in America but I come from
Shanghai in China. The hardest thing about being in America is coping with the
language.

B: My name is Bill. I run a very successful IT business. (5) We make software and sell
it round the world. I make a lot of money by doing this.

SH: My name is Stephen. I have written many books on science. I am a Professor of

Physics. (6) Many of my ideas are very famous.

C: My name is Charlie and I am a landscape designer. (7) I design gardens for people.
I really love my work.

SS: My name is Stephen. I am a really famous Movie Director. (8) Many people think
my movies are amongst the best ever.