Introduction to Arduino
Microcontrollers
Credit to: Jeff McRaven - jamcraven@yahoo.com
Overview
• Intro:
Microcontroller defined
Why Arduino's and Types of Arduino microcontrollers
Look at some cool projects you can do!
• Getting Start (Hardware and Software)
• Arduino Programming
• Basic Electronic Circuits
• Exercise Projects
Digital I/O : Switch + Blinking light(s)
Analog I/O : Reading inputs (variable resistors) and
Controlling LED Brightness Level
Micro-processor, Micro-computer, and
Micro-controller ?
• Microprocessor is CPU of a computer without memory,
I/O, and peripheral
• Microcontroller is a microprocessor which is combined
with RAM, PROM, and I/O slots in a single chip
• Microcomputer is a microprocessor which is combined
with external I/O, and memory (RAM, ROM)
Microcontroller – One Definition
• Programmers work in the virtual world.
• Machinery works in the physical world.
• How does one connect the virtual world to the physical
world?
• Enter the microcontroller.
• A microcontroller is basically a small-scale computer with
generalized (and programmable) inputs and outputs.
• The inputs and outputs can be manipulated by and can
manipulate the physical world.
Mechatronics Concepts
ME 106
User ME 120
Power Interface
Source
Controller ME 106
ME 190
(Hardware & Software) ME 187
ME
Power
106
Interface
INTEGRATION Signal ME 106
Conditioning ME 120
ME 106
ME 154
Actuator
ME 157
ME 195
Sensor ME 120
ME
System to 297A
Control ME 110 ME 182
ME 136 ME 189
ME 154 ME 195 BJ Furman 22JAN11
ME 157
What is a microcontroller?
ANALOG
INPUTS
What is the difference between a ‘Digital Input’ and an ‘Analog Input’?
http://www.freescale.com/files/microcontrollers/doc/ref_manual/M68HC05TB.pdf
Arduino – Official Definition
• Taken from the official web site (arduino.cc):
– Arduino is an open-source electronics prototyping
platform based on flexible, easy-to-use hardware
and software. It's intended for artists, designers,
hobbyists, and anyone interested in creating
interactive objects or environments.
Why Arduino?
• For whatever reason, Arduino microcontrollers have
become the de facto standard.
Make Magazine features many projects using Arduino
microcontrollers.
• Strives for the balance between ease of use and usefulness.
Programming languages seen as major obstacle.
Arduino C is a greatly simplified version of C++.
• Inexpensive ($35 retail).
You … ???
Arduino Types
• Many different versions
– Number of input/output channels
– Form factor
– Processor
• Leonardo
• Due
• Micro
• LilyPad
• Esplora
• Uno
>> Find more here: http://arduino.cc/en/Main/Products?from=Main.Hardware
Due
• Much faster processor, many more pins
• Operates on 3.3 volts
• Similar to the Mega BUT with Double Precision capability
Mini, Micro, Nano
• When size matters: Micro, Nano, Mini
• Includes all functionality of the Leonardo
• Easily usable on a breadboard
LilyPad
• LilyPad is popular for clothing-based projects.
Esplora
• Game controller
• Includes joystick, four buttons, linear potentiometer
(slider), microphone, light sensor, temperature sensor,
three-axis accelerometer.
• Not the standard set of IO pins.
Mega
• Compared to the Uno, the Mega:
– Many more communication pins
– More memory
– Some interface hardware doesn't work
Arduino Uno Close Up
• The pins are in three groups:
– Invented in 2010
– 14 digital pins
– 6 analog pins
– power
Cool Projects w/ Arduino
