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Oop Assignment: 3rd Semester, Section "C"

This document discusses the difference between deep and shallow copying in C++. It provides an example class that stores a dynamically allocated string and shows that a shallow copy leads to memory issues. To perform a deep copy, the class must define a copy constructor, assignment operator overload, and destructor. The document then shows an example implementing these methods to properly deep copy the class and avoid memory leaks.

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63 views9 pages

Oop Assignment: 3rd Semester, Section "C"

This document discusses the difference between deep and shallow copying in C++. It provides an example class that stores a dynamically allocated string and shows that a shallow copy leads to memory issues. To perform a deep copy, the class must define a copy constructor, assignment operator overload, and destructor. The document then shows an example implementing these methods to properly deep copy the class and avoid memory leaks.

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OOP ASSIGNMENT

By: Muhammad Ibrahim Kamal (BCS02163040)


3rd Semester, Section “C”.
Task 1:
Task 2:
Task 3:
Difference B/W Deep and Shallow Copy
A shallow copy of an object, copies the values of all
the data members into another abject of same
class. When members are dynamically allocated, the
built-in copy constructor and operator= are not
going to be enough. In case of a class having
dynamically allocated members like below abc class.
class abc
{
public:
class(const char*str);
~class();
private:
char* stored;
};

We have to provide three things for class abc.


1. Write a proper copy constructor.
2. Overload the assignment operator.
3. Write a destructor that frees the memory.
When we provide above three things to avoid
memory leaks or undefined behavior, this operation
is called deep copy.

Shallow Copy Example with Issue


#include <string.h>
using namespace std;

class MyName
{
public:
MyName (const char *str);
~MyName ();
private:
char *emp_name;
};

MyName::MyName (const char *str)


{
emp_name = new char[strlen (str) + 1];
strcpy (emp_name, str);
}

MyName::~MyName ()
{
delete[]emp_name;
}

int main ()
{
MyName name ("wikistack");
MyName name1 = name; // initialie name1 from name object
return 0;
}

Here we will have issue after running the above code. Because we have not
Provide copy constructor and overloaded assignment operator in class MyName.

Deep Copy Example without Issue

#include<iostream>
#include<string.h>
using namespace std;

class MyName
{
public:
MyName (const char *str);
~MyName ();
MyName (const MyName & another);
void operator = (const MyName & another);
private:
char *emp_name;
};

MyName::MyName (const char *str)


{
emp_name = new char[strlen (str) + 1];
strcpy (emp_name, str);
}

MyName::~MyName ()
{
delete[]emp_name;
}
MyName::MyName (const MyName & another)
{
emp_name = new char[strlen (another.emp_name) + 1];
strcpy (emp_name, another.emp_name);
}

void
MyName::operator = (const MyName & another)
{
char *temp = new char[strlen (another.emp_name) + 1];
strcpy (temp, another.emp_name);
delete[]emp_name;
emp_name = temp;
}

int main ()
{
MyName name ("wikistack");
MyName name1 = name;
return 0;
}

Here we will have no issue after running the above code.

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