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Paper 1 Theory Unit 3 Logic Gates and Logic Circuits

The document discusses logic gates and logic circuits, which are electronic circuits used in computer components. It describes the basic logic gates like AND, OR, and NOT. It also explains how to represent logic circuits using truth tables and temporary variables. Methods for simplifying logic circuits to reduce components and improve reliability are also covered.

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Gamer Xenoir
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123 views3 pages

Paper 1 Theory Unit 3 Logic Gates and Logic Circuits

The document discusses logic gates and logic circuits, which are electronic circuits used in computer components. It describes the basic logic gates like AND, OR, and NOT. It also explains how to represent logic circuits using truth tables and temporary variables. Methods for simplifying logic circuits to reduce components and improve reliability are also covered.

Uploaded by

Gamer Xenoir
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Paper 1 Theory Unit 3 Logic Gates and Logic Circuits

Electronic circuits in computer (such as controlling devices) are made up of thousands of LOGIC GATES (that
take binary inputs and return binary outputs) arrange in the form on LOGIC CIRCUITS. The correctness of
these Logic Circuits can be determined using TRUTH TABLES (The input sequences are shown in the tables
below.
Two Input Truth Table (Inputs ONLY) Three Input Truth Table (Inputs ONLY)

A B A B C

0 0 0 0 0

0 1 0 0 1

1 0 0 1 0

1 1 0 1 1
1 0 0
1 0 1

1 1 0
1 1 1

The Basic Logic Gates are Described below:-

Hassan Zulfiqar Haider For more study material please visit:-


A-Levels/IGCSE/O-Levels Computer Science https://sites.google.com/site/csvault042/home
03234140902
hassanzulfiqarhaider@gmail.com
Paper 1 Theory Unit 3 Logic Gates and Logic Circuits
Logic Circuits:-

Consider the Logic Circuit above We can add temporary variables (P,Q,R,S) to
represent individual logic gates
Input Values Intermediate Values Output as it can be seen:-
P = A OR B
A B C Q S R X &&&&&&&&& à A NOR B
Q = A OR B
S = B NOR C
0 0 0 1 1 0 0
R = Q XOR S
0 0 1 1 0 1 0 X = R XOR C
X = ((A NOR B) XOR (B NOR C)) XOR C
0 1 0 0 0 0 0
0 1 1 0 0 0 1

1 0 0 0 1 1 1

1 0 1 0 0 0 1

1 1 0 0 0 0 0
1 1 1 0 0 0 1

Consider the following problem as well:-

The resulting logic statement is


X = (C AND NOT L) OR (G AND NOT C)

Hassan Zulfiqar Haider For more study material please visit:-


A-Levels/IGCSE/O-Levels Computer Science https://sites.google.com/site/csvault042/home
03234140902
hassanzulfiqarhaider@gmail.com
Paper 1 Theory Unit 3 Logic Gates and Logic Circuits
Constructing Alternate Circuits:-
• A universal gate is a gate which can implement any Boolean function without need to use any other
gate type.
• In practice, this is advantageous since NAND and NOR gates are economical and easier to fabricate
and are the basic gates used in all IC digital logic families.

NOR as a Universal Gate NAND as a Universal Gate

Simplification of Logic Circuits:-


By reducing the number of components, the cost of production can be
less. This can also improve reliability and make it easier to trace faults
if they occur.

A B NOT A NOT A AND A A NOR B X

0 0 1 0 1 1
0 1 1 0 0 0

1 0 0 0 0 0
1 1 0 0 0 0

WHICH IS THE SAME AS…

Hassan Zulfiqar Haider For more study material please visit:-


A-Levels/IGCSE/O-Levels Computer Science https://sites.google.com/site/csvault042/home
03234140902
hassanzulfiqarhaider@gmail.com

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