Tertiary Ass

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TERTIARY TREATMENT TRAINING COURSE $200.00

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TERTIARY TREATMENT ASS 1/1/18 TLC
Tertiary Treatment Answer Key
Name___________________________________
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You are solely responsible in ensuring that this course is accepted for
credit by your State. Did you check with your State agency to ensure this
course is accepted for credit? No refunds.
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Key. Please call us to ensure that we received it. No refunds.
You can use Adobe Acrobat DC Program to complete the assignment.
Multiple Choice. Pick only one answer per question. Select answer according to text,
exactly as in text. Circle, Mark off, underline or Bold the answer.
1. A B C D E F 15. A B C D E F 29. A B C D E F
3
4
5
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353. A B C D E F 377. A B C D E F
354. A B C D E F 378. A B C D E F
Please fax or e-mail the answer key to TLC

Western Campus Fax (928) 272-0747.
This course contains general EPA’s CWA federal rule requirements. Please be
aware that each state implements wastewater/safety/environmental /building
regulations that may be more stringent than EPA’s regulations. Check with your
state environmental/health agency for more information. These rules change
frequently and are often difficult to interpret and follow. Be careful to not be in
non-compliance and do not follow this course for proper compliance.
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Please e-mail or fax this survey with your final exam
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Tertiary Treatment Training Course Assignment
The Assignment (Exam) is also available in Word on the Internet for your
Convenience, please visit www.ABCTLC.com and download the assignment and e-
mail it back to TLC.
You’ll have 90 days from the start of this course to complete in order to receive your
Professional Development Hours (PDHs) or Continuing Education Unit (CEU). A score of
70 % is necessary to pass this course. We prefer if this exam is proctored. No intentional
trick questions. If you should need any assistance, please email all concerns and the
completed manual to info@tlch2o.com.
Please include your name and address on your manual and make copy for yourself. You
can e-mail or fax your Answer Key along with the Registration Form to TLC. (S) Means
answer may be plural or singular. Multiple Choice Section, One answer per question
and please use the answer key.
1. Which of the following terms is BOD, TSS, fecal coliform, oil and grease, and pH?
A. Daily Maximum Limitations
B. Continuous Discharge
C. Concentration-based Limit
D. Control Authority
E. Conventional Pollutants
F. None of the Above
2. Which of the following terms is a State with an NPDES permit program approved
pursuant to section 402(b) of the Act and an approved State Pretreatment Program?
A. Approved State Pretreatment Program
B. Approved/Authorized State
C. Act or “the Act”
D. Approval Authority
E. Approved POTW Pretreatment Program or Program
3. Which of the following terms is a report submitted by categorical industrial users (CIUs)
within 180 days after the effective date of an applicable categorical standard?
A. Best Professional Judgment (BPJ)
B. Baseline Monitoring Report (BMR)
C. Best Management Practices (BMPs)
D. Best Practicable Control Technology Currently Available (BPT)
E. None of the Above
4. Which of the following terms is the Federal Water Pollution Control Act, also known as
the Clean Water Act?
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5. Which of the following terms is an industrial user subject to National categorical
pretreatment standards?
A. Blowdown
B. Categorical Industrial User (CIU)
C. Bypass
D. Categorical Pretreatment Standards
E. Chain of Custody (COC)
6. Which of the following terms is a codification of Federal rules published annually by the
Office of the Federal Register National Archives and Records Administration?
A. Code of Federal Regulations (CFR)
B. Chronic
C. Combined Sewer Overflow (CSO)
D. Clean Water Act (CWA)
7. Which of the following terms is a discharge of untreated wastewater from a combined

sewer system at a point prior to the headworks of a publicly owned treatment works?
B. Chronic
8. Which of the following terms is a program administered by a POTW that meets the
criteria established in 40 CFR Part 403?
9. Which of the following terms is a schedules of activities, prohibitions of practices,

maintenance procedures, and other management practices to prevent or reduce the
pollution of waters of the U.S?
A. Best Professional Judgment (BPJ)
B. Baseline Monitoring Report (BMR)
C. Best Management Practices (BMPs)
D. Best Practicable Control Technology Currently Available (BPT)
10. Which of the following terms is a program administered by a State that meets the
criteria established in 40 CFR §403.10 and which has been approved by a Regional
Administrator
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11. Which of the following terms is limitations on pollutant discharges to POTWs
promulgated by the EPA in accordance with Section 307 of the Clean Water Act?
C. Bypass
D. Categorical Pretreatment Standards
E. Chain of Custody (COC)
12. Which of the following terms is a record of each person involved in the possession of a
sample from the person who collects the sample to the person who analyzes the sample in
the laboratory?
A. Blowdown
C. Bypass
D. Chain of Custody (COC)
13. Which of the following terms is a stimulus that lingers or continues for a relatively long
period of time, often one-tenth of the life span or more?
B. Chronic
D. None of the Above
14. Which of the following terms is the common name for the Federal Water Pollution
Control Act. Public law 92-500?
B. Chronic
15. Which of the following terms is limit based upon the relative strength of a pollutant in a
wastestream, usually expressed in mg/l?
16. Which of the following terms is discharge that occurs without interruption during the
operating hours of a facility, except for infrequent shutdowns for maintenance, process
changes or similar activities?
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17. Which of the following terms is the maximum allowable discharge of pollutants during a
24-hour period?
Clean Water Act (Rule) Summary

33 U.S.C. s/s 1251 et seq. (1977)
18. Which of the following terms has clarified and expanded permit requirements under the
Clean Water Act for 19,000 municipal sanitary sewer collection systems in order to reduce
sanitary sewer overflows?
A. Clean Water Act or CWA D. EPA still retains oversight responsibilities
B. Water quality levels E. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
C. Clean water legislation F. None of the Above
19. The requirements will help communities improve some of water quality standards–by
requiring facilities to develop and implement new capacity, management, operation, and
maintenance programs and public notification programs.
A. True B. False
20. The Clean Water Act is a 1977 amendment to the______________ , which set the
basic structure for regulating discharges of pollutants to waters of the United States.
A. Clean Water Act or CWA D. EPA
B. Federal Water Pollution Control Act of 1972 E. Valuable wetlands
21. Which of the following terms gave the authority to set effluent standards on an industry
basis and continued the requirements to set water quality standards for all contaminants in
surface waters?
A. Clean Water Act or CWA D. Water quality standard(s)
B. EPA E. Public notification program(s)
C. Congress F. None of the Above
22. The CWA makes it unlawful for any person to discharge any pollutant from a point
source into navigable waters unless a permit (NPDES) is obtained under the?
A. Act D. EPA
B. Water quality levels E. OSHA
23. Which of the following terms focused on toxic pollutants?

A. Clean Water Act or CWA D. Water quality standard(s)
B. EPA E. The 1977 amendments
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24. The CWA provisions for the delegation by this term of many permitting, administrative,
and enforcement aspects of the law to state governments. In states with the authority to
implement CWA programs, the EPA still retains oversight responsibilities.
A. Clean Water Act or CWA D. EPA
B. Water quality levels E. Valuable wetlands and other aquatic habitats
25. Which of the following terms is the primary federal law that protects our nation’s waters,
including lakes, rivers, aquifers, and coastal areas. Lake Erie was dying?
A. Clean Water Act D. Water quality standard(s)
26. Which of the following terms primary objective is to restore and maintain the integrity of
the nation's waters?
A. Clean Water Act D. EPA still retains oversight responsibilities
27. Which of the following terms focuses on improving the quality of the nation’s waters?
A. Clean Water Act D. Water quality standard(s)
28. Which of the following terms requires major industries to meet performance standards
to ensure pollution control; charges states and tribes with setting specific water quality
criteria appropriate for their waters and developing pollution control programs?
A. Clean Water Act D. EPA still retains oversight responsibilities
The Future
29. All Americans will enjoy clean water that is safe for fishing and swimming. We will
achieve a net gain of wetlands by preventing additional losses and restoring hundreds of
thousands of acres of wetlands.
A. True B. False
Basic Wastewater Treatment Processes

30. Physical processes were some of the earliest methods to remove solids from
wastewater, usually by passing wastewater through screens to remove debris and solids. In
addition, solids that are heavier than water will settle out from wastewater by gravity.
A. True B. False
31. In wastewater treatment, particles with which of the following terms, float to the top of
water and can also be removed.
A. Biosolid(s) D. Organic material
B. Activated Sludge E. Entrapped air
C. Chemical(s) F. None of the Above
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Biological
32. Bacteria and other small organisms in water consume organic matter in sewage, turning
it into new bacterial cells, -this missing term-, and other by-products.
A. Oxygen D. Secondary treatment
B. Carbon dioxide E. Physical separation step
C. Gravity F. None of the Above
33. To remove organic material from wastewater, Scientists observed that -this missing
term- could be contained and accelerated in systems.
A. These natural processes D. Organic material
34. The bacteria normally present in wastewater must have oxygen to do their part in
breaking down the sewage.
A. True B. False
35. According to the text, excess microbiological growth could be removed from the
wastewater by physical processes.
A. True B. False
36. Which of the following wastewater terms means - is a suspended growth process for
removing organic matter from sewage by saturating it with air and microorganisms that can
break down the organic matter?
37. Which of the following wastewater terms involves treatment levels beyond secondary
treatment?
A. Oxygen D. Advanced Treatment
38. Masses of microorganisms grow and rapidly metabolized organic pollutants because of
the addition of -this missing term- to wastewater.
Chemical
39. Which of the following wastewater terms such as alum, lime or iron salts can be added
to wastewater to cause certain pollutants, to floc or bunch together into large, heavier
masses which can be removed faster through physical processes?
C. Simple chemicals F. None of the Above
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40. The chemical industry has developed -this missing term-known as polymers to further
improve the physical separation step in wastewater treatment.
B. Carbon dioxide E. Synthetic inert chemicals
41. Which of the following wastewater terms are often used at the later stages of treatment
to improve the settling of excess microbiological growth or biosolids?
B. Activated Sludge E. Polymers
42. According to the text, chemicals can be used to create changes in pollutants that
increase the removal of these new forms by physical processes.
A. True B. False
Oil and Grease

43. Fatty organic materials from animals, vegetables, and petroleum are quickly broken
down by bacteria and can cause pollution in receiving environments.
A. True B. False
44. Which of the following wastewater terms also adds to the septic tank scum layer,
causing more frequent tank pumping to be required?
A. Nutrients from wastewater D. Excessive grease
B. Inorganic materials E. Nitrogen and phosphorus
C. Inorganic minerals F. None of the Above
Inorganics
45. Which of the following wastewater terms - are relatively stable, and cannot be broken
down easily by organisms in wastewater?
A. Metals D. Pesticides and herbicide(s)
B. Most inorganic substances E. Petroleum-based waste oil(s)
C. Nitrogen and phosphorus F. None of the Above
46. Extra treatment steps are often required to remove this term from industrial wastewater
sources.
A. Nutrients from wastewater D. BOD
B. Inorganic materials E. DON
47. According to the text, heavy metals can be discharged with many types of industrial
wastewaters are difficult to remove by conventional treatment methods.
A. True b. False
48. Which of the following wastewater terms - metals, and compounds, such as sodium,
potassium, calcium, magnesium, cadmium, copper, lead, nickel, and zinc are common in
wastewater from both residential and nonresidential sources?
B. Inorganic materials E. Pesticides and herbicide(s)
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Nutrients
49. Normally, excessive nutrients in receiving waters cause algae and other plants to grow
quickly adding oxygen in the water, because of this additional of oxygen, fish and other
aquatic life thrive.
A. True B. False
50. Which of the following wastewater terms - have also been linked to ocean "red tides"
that poison fish and cause illness in humans?
B. Inorganic materials E. Nitrogen and phosphorus
51. Which of the following wastewater terms - in drinking water may contribute to
miscarriages and is the cause of a serious illness in infants called methemoglobinemia or
"blue baby syndrome."
A. BOD D. Pesticides and herbicide(s)
B. Most inorganic substances E. Nitrogen
C. Phosphorus F. None of the Above
Solids
52. Which of the following terms must be treated, or they will clog soil absorption systems or
reduce the effectiveness of disinfection systems?
A. BOD D. Microorganisms
B. Organic material E. Suspended solids in wastewater
C. The solids F. None of the Above
53. Which of the following terms represents small particles of certain wastewater materials
can dissolve, like salt in water?
A. Suspended solids D. Microorganisms
B. Organic material E. Dissolved solids
54. Solid materials in wastewater can consist of this term and organisms.
A. BOD D. Microorganisms
B. Organic material E. Organic and/or inorganic materials
55. The solids must be significantly reduced by treatment or they can increase which of the
following terms when discharged to receiving waters?
C. BOD F. None of the Above
56. Settleable solids: Certain substances, such as sand, grit, and oxygen-demanding
substances settle out from the rest of the wastewater stream during the preliminary stages
of treatment.
A. True B. False
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57. On the bottom of settling tanks and ponds, -this missing term-makes up a biologically
active layer of sludge that aids in treatment.
A. BOD D. Heavier organic and inorganic materials
B. Organic material E. Suspended solids in wastewater
58. Which of the following terms represents materials that resist settling may remain
suspended in wastewater?
Gases
59. Certain gases in wastewater can cause odors, affect treatment, or are potentially
dangerous.
A. True B. False
60. Methane gas, is a byproduct of this wastewater term and is highly combustible.
A. Dissolved oxygen D. Biochemical oxygen demand, or BOD
B. Oxygen-demanding E. Anaerobic biological treatment
C. Magnesium hydroxide F. None of the Above
Hydrogen Sulfide and Ammonia

61. The gases hydrogen sulfide and along with this substance can be toxic and pose
asphyxiation hazards.
A. Ammonia D. The lack of oxygen
B. Wastewater odor(s) E. Less oxygen
C. Hydrogen sulfide or H2S problem(s) F. None of the Above
62. Ammonia as a dissolved gas in wastewater also is not dangerous to fish.

A. True B. False
Pollutants, Oxygen-Demanding Substances

63. Which of the following terms is a key element in water quality that is necessary to
support aquatic life?
B. Oxygen-demanding E. Wastewater odor(s)
64. Biochemical oxygen demand, or BOD, and is used to measure how well a sewage
treatment plant is working, it is a demand placed on the unnatural supply of pollutants in
wastewater.
A. True B. False
65. If the effluent, the treated wastewater produced by a treatment plant, has a high content
of organic pollutants or ammonia, it will demand more oxygen from the water and leave the
water with less of this term to support fish and other aquatic life.
A. Slime bacteria D. The lack of oxygen
B. Wastewater odor(s) E. Oxygen
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66. Organic matter and this term are “oxygen-demanding” substances.
B. Ammonia E. Wastewater odor(s)
67. According to the text, oxygen-demanding substances are contributed by this term and
agricultural and industrial wastes.
A. Slime bacteria D. The lack of oxygen
B. Wastewater odor(s) E. Domestic sewage
68. Oxygen-demanding substances are usually destroyed or converted to other compounds

by this term if there is sufficient oxygen present in the water.
B. Oxygen-demanding E. Bacteria
Pathogens
69. According to the text, modern disinfection techniques have greatly reduced the danger
of waterborne disease.
A. True B. False
Nutrients
70. Which of the following wastewater terms - are essential to living organisms and are the
chief nutrients present in natural water?
A. Oxygen D. Carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus
B. Ecology E. Phosphorus and nitrogen
C. Nutrient enrichment F. None of the Above
71. Uncontrolled algae growth blocks out sunlight and chokes aquatic plants and animals
by depleting -this missing term-in the water at night.
A. Pathogen(s) D. Excessive growth of algae
B. Dissolved oxygen E. Phosphorus and nitrogen
72. According to the text, the release of nutrients in quantities that exceed the affected
waterbody’s ability to assimilate them results in a condition called?
A. Toxic D. Eutrophication or cultural enrichment
B. Ecology E. Oxygen and organic waste
73. Which of the following wastewater terms - do not remove the phosphorus and nitrogen
to any substantial extent?
A. Biofilm D. Conventional secondary biological treatment processes
B. Some contaminants E. Oxygen and organic waste
C. Secondary treatment F. None of the Above
74. According to the text, nutrients may convert the organic forms of these substances into
mineral form, making them more usable by plant life.
A. True B. False
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75. An excess of these nutrients over-stimulates the growth of water plants, the result
causes unsightly conditions, interferes with drinking water treatment processes, and causes
unpleasant and disagreeable tastes and odors in drinking water.
A. True B. False
76. Primarily -this missing term-but occasionally nitrogen, causes nutrient enrichment which
results in excessive growth of algae.
A. Phosphorus D. Excessive growth of algae
B. Heavy metals E. Phosphorus and nitrogen
Inorganic and Synthetic Organic Chemicals

77. Inorganic and Synthetic Organic Chemicals can cause -this missing term-problems, and
many are not effectively removed by conventional wastewater treatment.
A. Toxic D. Excessive growth of algae
B. Ecology E. Taste and odor
Thermal
78. Which of the following terms - reduces the capacity of water to retain oxygen?
A. Heat D. Excessive growth of algae
B. Heavy metals E. Phosphorus and nitrogen
79. Unchecked discharges of this term can seriously alter the ecology of a lake, a stream, or
estuary.
A. Toxic D. Eutrophication or cultural enrichment
B. Waste heat E. Phosphorus and nitrogen
80. According to the text, even discharges from wastewater treatment plants and storm
water retention ponds affected by winter can be released at temperatures below that of the
receiving water, and lower the stream temperature.
A. True B. False
Primary Treatment
81. The initial stage in the treatment of domestic wastewater is known as bar screens.
A. True B. False
82. Coarse solids are removed from the wastewater in the primary stage of treatment. In
some treatment plants, -this missing term-may be combined into one basic operation.
A. Solid(s) D. Suspended growth process(es)
B. Finer debris E. Primary and secondary stages
C. Grit and gravel F. None of the Above
83. There are two basic stages in the treatment of wastes, RAS and WAS.
A. True B. False
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84. The secondary stage uses this term to further purify wastewater.
A. Very fine solids D. Primary sludge
B. Biological processes E. Grit and screenings
C. Pollutant(s) F. None of the Above
Preliminary Treatment
85. The Preliminary Treatment is purely physical stage consisting of Coarse Screening,
Raw Influent Pumping, Static Fine Screening, Grit Removal, and Selector Tanks.
A. True B. False
86. Which of the following terms enters from the collection system into the Coarse
Screening process?
A. Solid(s) D. Raw wastewater
B. Finer debris E. Dissolved organic and inorganic constituents
87. After the wastewater has been screened, it may flow into a grit chamber where sand,
grit, cinders, and small stones settle to the bottom
A. True B. False
88. Especially in cities with combined sewer systems, removing the-this missing term-that
washes off streets or land during storms is very important.
B. Grit and gravel E. Grit and screenings
89. Large amounts of this term entering a treatment plant can cause serious operating
problems, such as excessive wear of pumps and other equipment.
A. Solid(s) D. Grit and sand
90. In some plants, another finer screen is placed after the grit chamber to remove any
additional material that might damage equipment or interfere with later processes.
A. True B. False
91. Which of the following terms - then passes into the Static Fine Screening process which
consists of two stationary (or static) screens?
A. Solid(s) D. Flow
92. The wastewater passes into -this missing term-process which consists of two vortex grit
separators which produce a whirlpool action to force the finest debris to the outside
perimeter.
B. De-gritted wastewater E. Grit and screenings
C. Grit Removal F. None of the Above
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93. Which of the following terms - removed by these processes must be periodically
collected and trucked to a landfill for disposal or are incinerated?
B. Wastewater E. Grit and screenings
94. The Coarse Screening consists of a basket shaped bar screen which collects larger
debris (several inches in diameter) prior to the Raw Influent Pumping.
A. True B. False
95. Which of the following terms - is removed and placed into a dumpster for disposal into
the landfill?
A. Liquids D. Debris
C. Compounds F. None of the Above
96. Which of the following terms - passes into the Raw Influent Pumping process that
consists of submersible centrifugal pumps?
A. Wastewater D. Dissolved organic and inorganic constituents
B. Split samples E. Grit and gravel
C. Duplicate samples F. None of the Above
Primary Sedimentation
97. Pollutants that are dissolved or are very fine and remain suspended in the wastewater
are easily removed effectively by gravity settling.
A. True B. False
98. When the wastewater enters a sedimentation tank, it slows down and the suspended
solids gradually sink to the bottom, this mass of solids is called?
99. When the screening completed and the grit removed, wastewater is clear of dissolved
organic and inorganic constituents along with suspended solids.
A. True B. False
100. Which of the following wastewater treatment terms - consist of minute particles of
matter that can be removed from the wastewater with further treatment such as
sedimentation or gravity settling, chemical coagulation, or filtration?
B. Suspended solids E. Dissolved organic and inorganic constituents
Secondary Treatment
101. After this term has been through Primary Treatment processes, it flows into the next
stage of treatment called secondary.
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102. The two most common conventional methods used to achieve secondary treatment
are: this term and suspended growth processes.
A. Solid(s) D. Unsuspended growth process(es)
B. Finer debris E. Organic matter
C. Attached growth processes F. None of the Above
103. The Secondary Treatment stage consists of a biological process such as this term and
a physical process, Secondary Clarification.
A. Wildlife habitat D. Phosphorus‐reduction system(s)
B. Oxidation Ditches E. Excessive sludge production
C. Denitrification F. None of the Above
104. The Preliminary Treatment stage removes as much -this missing term- as possible
using physical processes.
Nitrogen and Phosphorus Removal Technologies

105. Small system owners and operators should work closely with their program staff as
well as engineers to ensure that the technologies selected will work effectively in
combination to achieve the goals related to?
A. Effluent D. Trickling filter FFSs
B. Oxidation E. A portion of the denitrified effluent
C. Optimal DO levels F. None of the Above
Nutrient Removal Technologies

Fixed‐film systems ‐ Aerobic/anaerobic trickling filter package plant
106. Which of the following terms - are biological treatment processes that employ a
medium such as rock, plastic, wood, or other natural or synthetic solid material that will
support biomass on its surface?
A. Trickling filter(s) D. Aerobic nitrification processes
B. Fixed‐film systems (FFSs) E. Recirculating sand filters (RSFs)
C. Nitrogen removal system(s) F. None of the Above
107. Which of the following terms - are typically constructed as beds of media through
which wastewater flows?
A. A closed loop D. Trickling filter FFSs
B. Nitrogen removal system(s) E. A portion of the denitrified effluent
C. Optimal DO levels F. None of the Above
108. Which of the following terms represents removal typically varies from 0 to 35 percent
although removal percentages as high as 65%?
A. Nitrified effluent D. Nitrogen and phosphorus levels
B. Nitrogen E. Activated sludge
C. Total Nitrogen (TN) F. None of the Above
109. Phosphorus removal is typically 1 to 1.5 percent.

A. True B. False
24
110. Multi‐pass systems result in higher treatment quality and assist in removing -this
missing term- levels by promoting nitrification in the aerobic media bed and denitrification in
the anaerobic septic tank.
A. Total Solids D. Elevated Hardness, Salty Taste, or Corrosiveness
B. TDS E. Total Nitrogen (TN)
C. pH F. None of the Above
111. According to the text, some of the factors affecting performance include influent
wastewater characteristics, hydraulic and organic loading, medium type, maintenance of
optimal DO levels, and?
A. Wildlife habitat D. Phosphorus‐reduction system(s)
B. Recirculation rates E. Excessive sludge production
C. Denitrification F. None of the Above
112. Commercial on‐site systems use synthetic media and receive wastewater from
overlying sprayheads for anaerobic treatment and de-nitrification.
A. True B. False
113. Which of the following terms - returns to the anoxic zone to mix with either septic tank
contents or incoming septic tank effluent for denitrification?
A. Filamentous organisms D. Nitrified effluent
B. Floc particles E. Biosurfactant trehalose
C. Organic material F. None of the Above
Sequencing batch reactor (SBR)

114. According to the text, the SBR process is a sequential suspended growth process in
which all major steps occur in the same tank in sequential order.
A. True B. False
115. Which of the following terms - consists of a combination of level sensors, timers, and
microprocessors which can be configured to meet the needs of the system?
A. SBR process D. Cluster applications
B. Underdrain system E. Process control timer(s)
C. Sand filter(s) F. None of the Above
116. Which of the following terms - can be designed and operated to enhance removal of
nitrogen, phosphorus, and ammonia, in addition to removing TSS and BOD?
A. Trickling filter(s) D. SBRs
B. Oxidation Ditches E. Recirculating sand filters (RSFs)
117. Which of the following terms - are suitable for areas with little land, stringent treatment
requirements, and mall wastewater flows such as RV parks, and other small applications?
A. Package plant SBRs D. Fixed‐film bioreactor(s)
B. Sand filter(s) E. Diffused air or mechanical devices
C. Chemical adsorption F. None of the Above
25
118. The SBR system can typically be found in packaged configurations for onsite and
small community or?
A. Decanter D. Cluster applications
B. Underdrain system E. Process control timer(s)
C. Sand filter(s) F. None of the Above
119. Which of the following terms - are often sized to provide mixing as well and are
operated by the process control timers?
A. Underdrain system D. Conventional recirculation tank
B. Free water surface (FWS) systems E. Anaerobic septic tank effluent
C. SBRs F. None of the Above
120. Several decanter configurations are available, including?

A. Fixed and floating units D. Septic tank effluent
B. Recirculating filter(s) E. Distribution network
C. Available adsorption sites F. None of the Above
Natural Systems
121. According to the text, wetland systems are typically described in terms of the position
of the water surface and/or the type of vegetation grown.
A. True B. False
122. FWS wetlands with long detention times can remove minor amounts of -this missing
term- through plant uptake, adsorption, complexation, and precipitation.
B. TDS E. Phosphorus
123. Which of the following terms is typically greater in the first year or two because of soil
absorption?
A. Ammonia oxidation D. An aerobic wastewater treatment facility
B. Phosphorus removal E. Oxygen demand of wastewater
C. Nitrate removal F. None of the Above
124. Which of the following terms is also possible with the use of an addition process, such
as chemical addition and mixing prior to a final deep settling pond?
125. Subsurface flow (SF) wetlands are specifically designed to treat or polish this missing
term and are typically constructed as a bed or channel containing appropriate media.
A. Ammonia oxidation D. Wastewater
126. As with tank designs, in the natural system, bacteria break down organic matter in the
wastewater, aerobically, anoxically and anaerobically.
A. True B. False
26
127. Which of the following terms - treat wastewater by bacterial decomposition, settling,
and filtering?
C. Wetlands F. None of the Above
128. Oxygen for this missing term is supplied by the plants growing in the wetland.
B. Phosphorus removal E. Aerobic decomposition
129. The wetland, effluent after two weeks is usually discharged by gravity to an unlined
wetland bed, if these systems discharge effluent to oxidation ditches, they do not require a
NPDES permit.
A. True B. False
130. Solids are filtered and finally settle out of the wastewater within the?
C. Wetland F. None of the Above
131. The emergent macrophytes can transmit the amount of oxygen from the leaves to their
roots is negligible compared to the oxygen demand of wastewater, therefore -this missing
term- are devoid of oxygen.
B. Phosphorus removal E. Subsurface flow wetlands
132. Which of the following terms are a modification of subsurface flow wetlands which
contain gravel or coarse sand and are loaded intermittently at the top surface?
A. Trickling filter(s) D. Vertical flow wetland beds
133. Which of the following terms in a subsurface flow wetland can be rapid and effective
because the anoxic conditions and carbon sources?
A. Wastewater temperature D. An aerobic wastewater treatment facility
134. Which of the following terms have been used for a number of years to treat
wastewater for various purposes?
A. Duckweed D. Conventional recirculation tank
C. Oxygen F. None of the Above
135. Nitrogen is removed by plant uptake and?

A. Filamentous organisms D. Harvesting, by denitrification
27
136. A disadvantage of duckweed systems is the large amount of biomass produced by the
rapidly growing plants, which creates a -this missing term- requirement.
A. Ammonia oxidation D. Solids handling
Proprietary Filters/Improved and Emerging Technologies

Sustainable Nutrient Recovery
137. Studies have shown that about 80 percent of the -this missing term- and 50 percent of
the phosphorus in wastewater are derived from urine?
A. Total Solids D. Nitrogen
B. TDS E. Wastewater temperature
138. Which of the following wastewater terms – and pollution, nutrients could be recycled
for agricultural use, and could be removed before being mixed with wastewater and
released to the environment?
B. TDS E. Nitrogen and phosphorus
139. If you could separate 50 to 60 percent of urine, this could reduce in‐plant carbon
dioxide gas discharges and result in fewer impurities in methane captured from sludge
digestion.
A. True B. False
140. According to the text, one benefit would be reduced energy consumption at WWTPs
as a result of reduced treatment requirements for?
B. TDS E. Nitrogen and phosphorus
Secondary Clarification Process

141. The SCP provides quiescent (or calm) conditions which allow the larger aggregates of
solids and microorganisms to settle out for collection.
A. True B. False
142. In the SCP, the majority of microorganism-rich underflow (or lower layer) is re-
circulated to Tanks as Return Sludge to help sustain the microorganism population in the?
Fixed Film Systems

143. Which of the following wastewater terms grow microorganisms on substrates such as
rocks, sand or plastic?
A. Mature biofilm D. Application-specific microbiology
B. Activated sludge system E. Fixed film systems
C. Advanced treatment technologies F. None of the Above
28
144. The wastewater is spread over the substrate, allowing the wastewater to flow past the
film of microorganisms fixed to the substrate.
A. True B. False
145. Which of the following wastewater terms and rotating biological contactors, and sand
filters are examples of fixed film systems?
Suspended Film Systems

146. As the microorganisms absorb organic matter and nutrients from the wastewater, they
grow in size and number. After the microorganisms have been suspended in the wastewater
for several hours, they are settled out as sludge.
A. True B. False
147. Which of the following wastewater terms stir and suspend microorganisms in
wastewater?
A. Nitrogen removal system(s) D. Suspended film system(s)
B. Tertiary process E. Recirculating sand filters (RSFs
C. Microorganism(s) F. None of the Above
148. Activated sludge, -this missing term-, oxidation ditch, and sequential batch reactor
systems are all examples of suspended film systems.
B. Extended aeration E. Recirculating sand filters (RSFs)
Other Important Wastewater Characteristics

149. One important wastewater characteristic that can affect public health and the
environment, as well as the design, cost, and?
A. Treatment processes D. The environment
B. Total dissolved solids (TDS) E. Effectiveness of treatment
C. Quality of the water F. None of the Above
Temperature
150. The best temperatures for wastewater treatment probably range from 77 to 95 degrees
Fahrenheit.
A. True B. False
151. Biological treatment activity accelerates in warm temperatures and slows in cool
temperatures, but-this missing term- can stop treatment processes altogether.
A. Oxygen D. Total Suspended Solids (TSS)
B. High TSS E. Extreme hot or cold
C. Settling sediments F. None of the Above
152. Hot water is a byproduct of many manufacturing processes, is not a pollutant. When
discharged in large quantities, it can raise the temperature of receiving streams inproving
the natural balance of aquatic life.
A. True B. False
29
pH
153. The acidity or alkalinity of wastewater affects both treatment and the environment. Low
A. True B. False
154. pH indicates increasing acidity while a low pH indicates increasing alkalinity.

A. True B. False
155. Which of the following terms of wastewater needs to remain between 6 and 9 to
protect organism?
156. Other substances and some acids can alter -this missing term- can inactivate
treatment processes when they enter wastewater from industrial or commercial sources.
Total Dissolved Solids

157. Pure water is tasteless, colorless, and odorless and is often called the universal
solvent.
A. True B. False
158. Which of the following wastewater terms - is a good solvent and picks up impurities
easily?
A. Treatment processes D. Wastewater
B. Total dissolved solids (TDS) E. Water
159. Which of the following wastewater terms - refer to any minerals, salts, metals, cations
or anions dissolved in water?
B. TDS E. Dissolved solids
160. Which of the following wastewater terms - comprise inorganic salts and some small
amounts of organic matter that are dissolved in water?
A. Treatment processes D. Both treatment and the environment
B. Total dissolved solids (TDS) E. Universal solvent
161. TDS in drinking-water originate from natural sources, sewage, urban run-off, industrial
wastewater, and chemicals used in the water treatment process.
A. True B. False
162. The total dissolved solids test provides a qualitative measure of the amount of
dissolved ions, but does not tell us the nature or ion relationships.
A. True B. False
30
163. Which of the following wastewater terms - has been due to natural environmental
features such as: mineral springs, carbonate deposits, salt deposits, and sea water
intrusion?
164. Which of the following wastewater terms – is the concentration is the sum of the
cations (positively charged) and anions (negatively charged) ions in the water?
A. Treatment processes D. Both treatment and the environment
B. Total dissolved solids (TDS) E. Universal solvent
165. The TDS test does not provide us insight into the specific water quality issues, such
as: Elevated Hardness, Salty Taste, or?
A. Total Solids D. Corrosiveness
Total Solids
166. Which of the following wastewater terms –refers to matter suspended or dissolved in
water or wastewater, and is related to both specific conductance and turbidity?
167. Which of the following wastewater terms –are the term used for material left in a
container after evaporation and drying of a water sample?
A. Treatment processes D. Total solids
B. Total dissolved solids (TDS) E. pH
168. Which of the following wastewater terms –includes both total suspended solids, the
portion of total solids retained by a filter and total dissolved solids?
B. TDS E. Wastewater
169. Which of the following wastewater terms – can be measured by evaporating a water
sample in a weighed dish, and then drying the residue in an oven at 103 to 105° C?
A. Treatment processes D. Total Suspended solids
B. Total dissolved solids (TDS) E. Wastewater
170. The increase in weight of the dish represents the total solids. Instead of total solids,
laboratories often measure total suspended solids and/or total dissolved solids.
A. True B. False
Total Suspended Solids (TSS)

171. Total Suspended Solids (TSS) are solids in water that can be trapped by a filter.
A. True B. False
31
172. Which of the following wastewater terms – can include a wide variety of material, such
as silt, decaying plant and animal matter, industrial wastes, and sewage?
A. Total Solids D. TSS
B. TDS E. Wastewater
173. Which of the following wastewater terms – can block light from reaching submerged
vegetation?
A. Total Solids D. Total Suspended Solids (TSS)
B. TDS E. High TSS
174. Wastewater treatment plants are designed to function as "microbiology farms," where
bacteria and other microorganisms are fed oxygen and organic waste.
A. True B. False
175. Which of the following wastewater terms – can also cause an increase in surface
water temperature, because the suspended particles absorb heat from sunlight?
B. High TSS E. Suspended sediment
176. When suspended solids settle to the bottom of a water body, they can smother the
eggs of fish and aquatic insects, as well as suffocate newly hatched insect larvae.
A. True B. False
177. Which of the following wastewater terms – can fill in spaces between rocks which
could have been used by aquatic organisms for homes?
B. High TSS E. Suspended sediment
178. If light is completely blocked from bottom dwelling plants, the plants will stop producing
oxygen and will die.
A. True B. False
179. Estimating this term for centralized treatment systems is a complicated task, especially
when designing a new treatment plant in a community where one has never existed
previously.
A. Peak flow(s) D. This can increase flow(s)
B. Flow volume(s) E. Original design load
C. Additional flows F. None of the Above
180. Engineers must allow for this term during wet weather due to inflow and infiltration of
extra water into sewers.
A. Peak flow(s) D. This can increase flow(s)
B. Flow volume(s) E. Original design load
C. Additional flows F. None of the Above
32
Application Specific Microbiology
181. Which of the following terms is the preferred methodology in wastewater treatment
affecting the efficiency of biological nutrient removal?
A. Mature biofilm D. Application-specific microbiology
B. Activated sludge system E. Pretreatment and pollution prevention
182. Laboratory prepared bugs are more efficient in organics removal if they have the right
growth environment, this efficiency is multiplied if microorganisms are allowed to grow.
A. True B. False
183. To reduce the start-up phase for growing a mature biofilm one can also purchase this
term from appropriate microbiology vendors.
A. Mature biofilm D. Application-specific microbiology culture
Advanced Methods of Wastewater Treatment

184. As our country and the demand for clean water have grown, it has become more
important to produce cleaner wastewater effluents, yet ___________ are more difficult to
remove than others.
A. Biofilm D. Soluble nutrients
B. Some contaminants E. Oxygen and organic waste
C. Secondary treatment effluent F. None of the Above
185. Pretreatment and pollution prevention which helps limit _______________discharged

to the sanitary sewer system.
A. Types of wastes D. Application-specific microbiology
186. All WWTPs provide a minimum of?

A. Biofilm D. Pretreatment and pollution prevention
B. Secondary treatment E. Oxygen and organic waste
C. Secondary treatment effluent F. None of the Above
Nitrogen Control
187. Nitrogen in one form or another is present in municipal wastewater and is usually not
removed by secondary treatment.
A. True B. False
188. Ammonia in wastewater effluent is safe to aquatic life.

A. True B. False
189. Nitrogen in the form of ________________can exert a direct demand on oxygen or

stimulate the excessive growth of algae.
A. Nitrification D. Nitrogen in the nitrate form
B. Ammonia E. Ammonia to the non-toxic nitrate
C. Nitrogen F. None of the Above
33
190. Which of the following wastewater treatment terms - beyond the secondary stage,
nitrifying bacteria present in wastewater treatment can biologically convert ammonia to the
non-toxic nitrate through a process known as nitrification?
B. Denitrification E. Biological treatment
191. Which of the following wastewater treatment terms - process can be added to the
system to convert the nitrate to nitrogen gas.
B. Denitrification E. Additional biological
Conversion of Nitrate to Nitrogen Gas

192. The conversion of nitrate to ____________is accomplished by bacteria in a process
known as denitrification.
A. Nitrogen gas D. Nitrate nitrogen
B. Phosphorus E. Methanol
193. Which of the following wastewater treatment terms - are added or a small stream of
raw wastewater is mixed in with the nitrified effluent?
A. Nitrogen gas D. Nitrate nitrogen
194. Which of the following wastewater treatment terms - comprises almost 80 percent of
the air in the earth’s atmosphere?
A. Phosphorus D. Nitrate nitrogen
Biological Phosphorus Control

195. Like nitrogen, phosphorus is also a necessary nutrient for the growth of algae.
A. True B. False
196. Which of the following wastewater treatment terms - removal can be achieved through
chemical addition and a coagulation-sedimentation process?
A. Nitrification D. Nitrate nitrogen
B. Phosphorus E. Oxygen
197. Some biological treatment processes called biological nutrient removal (BNR) can also
achieve nutrient reduction, removing?
A. Both nitrogen and phosphorus D. Nitrate nitrogen
34
198. BNR processes involve modifications of suspended growth treatment systems in that
the bacteria in these systems also convert this compound to inert nitrogen gas.
A. Both nitrogen and phosphorus D. Nitrate nitrogen
Coagulation-Sedimentation Process
199. Solids heavier than water settle out of wastewater by gravity. With the addition of
specific chemicals, solids can become heavier than water and will settle.
A. True B. False
200. Which of the following wastewater treatment terms - is used to increase the removal of
solids from effluent after primary and secondary treatment?
A. Carbon adsorption D. Chemical coagulation-sedimentation
B. An advanced process E. Processed wastewater solids (“sewage sludge”)
C. A form of stabilization F. None of the Above
201. Which of the following wastewater treatment terms -added to the wastewater to
remove phosphorus?
A. Other alkaline materials D. Alum, lime, or iron salts are chemicals
B. A form of stabilization E. Phosphate
C. Sewage solids, or sludge F. None of the Above
202. Which of the following wastewater treatment terms -is considered an advanced
process because it is not routinely applied to the treatment of municipal wastewater?
A. Carbon adsorption D. A form of stabilization
C. Coagulation-sedimentation F. None of the Above
Carbon Adsorption
203. Carbon adsorption technology can remove organic materials from wastewater that
resist removal by?
A. Denitrification process D. Insufficient aeration in the reactor
B. Biological treatment E. Anaerobic sludge
C. Bulking sludge F. None of the Above
204. Which of the following wastewater treatment terms - consists of passing the
wastewater effluent through of activated carbon granules or powder?
A. Carbon adsorption D. A form of stabilization
B. An advanced process E. Super treatment
C. Carbonic dioxide F. None of the Above
The Use or Disposal of Wastewater Residuals and Biosolids

205. When pollutants are removed from water, there may be the _________ that settle to
the bottom of sedimentation tanks.
A. Other alkaline materials D. Biosolids
B. Solids E. Rags and sticks
35
206. The utilization and disposal of the residual process solids is addressed by the CWA,
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA), and other federal laws.
A. True B. False
Processed Wastewater Solids

207. Which of the following wastewater treatment terms - are considered biosolids and
need to meet rigorous standards allowing safe reuse for beneficial purposes?
A. Other alkaline materials D. Processed wastewater solids
B. A form of stabilization E. Rags and sticks
Biosolids Stabilization
208. Prior to utilization or disposal, ________ are stabilized to control odors and reduce the
number of disease-causing organisms.
A. Biosolids D. Other alkaline materials
209. Which of the following wastewater treatment terms - when separated from the
wastewater, contain around 98 percent water?
A. Biosolids D. Other alkaline materials
Dewatering Processes
210. To improve dewatering effectiveness, the solids can be pretreated with chemicals such
as lime, ferric chloride, or polymers to produce larger particles which are easier to remove.
A. True B. False
211. Which of the following wastewater treatment terms - include drying beds, belt filter
presses, plate and frame presses, and centrifuges?
A. Dewatering processes D. Stabilization of solids
B. A form of stabilization E. Digestion
Digestion
212. Digestion is a form of _____________where the volatile material can decompose
naturally and the potential for odor production is reduced.
B. Release E. Stabilization
213. Which of the following wastewater treatment terms - in an enclosed tank has the added
benefit of producing methane gas which can be recovered and used as a source of energy?
B. Digestion without air E. Digestion
36
214. Which of the following wastewater treatment terms - may also be accomplished by
composting, heat treatments, drying or the addition of lime or other alkaline materials?
B. A form of stabilization E. Digestion
Water Quality Criteria

215. The Clean Water Act directs the EPA to develop criteria for water quality that
accurately reflect the latest scientific knowledge about the effects of pollutants on aquatic life
and human health.
A. True B. False
216. The Clean Water Act and the EPA includes specific information on the concentration
and dispersal of pollutants through biological, physical, and chemical processes as well as
the effects of pollutants on biological communities as a whole.
A. True B. False
Human Health Criteria

217. EPA scientists research information to determine the levels at which specific chemicals
are not likely to adversely affect water quality standard(s).
A. True B. False
Aquatic Life Criteria

218. Allowable concentrations provide protection for plants and animals that are found in
surface waters.
A. True B. False
219. Allowable concentrations are designed to provide protection for both freshwater and
saltwater aquatic organisms from the effects of acute (short term) and chronic (long term)
exposure to potentially harmful chemicals.
A. True B. False
220. Which of the following wastewater treatment terms - are based on toxicity information
and are developed to protect aquatic organisms from death, slower growth, reduced
reproduction, and the accumulation of harmful levels of toxic chemicals in their tissues that
may adversely affect consumers of such organisms?
A. Aquatic life criteria D. Concentration of pollutant(s)
B. Water pollutant(s) E. A pollutant level
C. Water quality standard(s) F. None of the Above
Sediment Quality Criteria Guidance

221. Which of the following wastewater treatment terms - provide a habitat for many living
organisms?
A. Allowable concentrations D. Acute (short term) and chronic (long term)
B. Water quality E. Human health and aquatic life criteria
C. Sediments F. None of the Above
37
Pollutants in the Sediment
222. Which of the following wastewater treatment terms - helps to protect bottom dwelling
species and prevents harmful toxins from moving up the food chain?
A. Pollutants in the sediment D. Concentration of pollutant(s)
223. Which of the following wastewater treatment terms - in the sediment that does not
harm snails of small fish may bioaccumulate in the food chain?
A. Aquatic life criteria D. Concentration of pollutant(s)
224. Which of the following wastewater treatment terms - The EPA develops on the
concentrations or amounts of individual chemicals that can be present in river, lake, or
stream sediments
A. Toxic quality criteria guidance D. Biological treatment(s) quality criteria guidance
B. Food chain quality guidance E. Sediment quality criteria guidance
C. Biological integrity guidance F. None of the Above
Biological Criteria
225. A water body in its natural condition is free from this term, habitat loss, and other
negative stressors.
A. Allowable concentrations D. Acute (short term) and chronic (long term)
B. Harmful effects of pollution E. Human health and aquatic life criteria
C. In a healthy aquatic community F. None of the Above
226. The EPA is developing methodologies that states can use to assess the biological
integrity of their waters and, in so doing, set protective?
A. Toxic pollutant(s) D. Biological treatment(s)
B. Food chain E. Water quality standards
C. Biological integrity F. None of the Above
227. These methodologies will describe scientific methods for determining a particular
aquatic community's health and for maintaining optimal conditions in?
A. Allowable concentrations D. Various bodies of water
C. A healthy aquatic community F. None of the Above
Summary
228. Biological wastewater treatment goals are to remove the non-settling solids and the
dissolved organic load from the effluents by using microbial populations.
A. True B. False
229. Biological treatments are generally part of secondary treatment systems.

A. True B. False
38
230. The microorganisms used are responsible for the degradation of ths term and the
stabilization of organic wastes.
A. Allowable concentrations D. Organic matter
C. In a healthy aquatic community F. None of the Above
231. Some of the micro-organisms present in wastewater treatment systems use the
_____________ of the wastewater as an energy source to grow?
A. Toxic pollutant(s) D. Biological treatment(s)
B. Food chain E. Organic content
C. Biological integrity F. None of the Above
Genera
232. In a single aerobic system, members of the genera Pseudomonas, Nocardia,
Flavobacterium, Achromobacter and Zooglea may be present, together with filamentous
organisms.
A. True B. False
233. In a well-functioning system, protozoas and rotifers are usually present and are useful
in consuming dispersed __________ or non-settling particles.
A. Bacteria D. Suspended growth processes
B. Attached growth processes E. Food-to-microorganism ratio, F/M
C. Protozoas and rotifers F. None of the Above
234. The organic load present is incorporated in part as represented by this term by the
microbial populations, and almost all the rest is liberated as gas.
A. Biological denitrification D. Biomass
B. Organic load E. Aerobic and facultative micro-organisms
C. Bacteria F. None of the Above
235. Unless the cell mass formed during the biological treatment is removed from the
wastewater the treatment is largely incomplete, because the biomass itself will appear as
organic load in the effluent and the only pollution reduction accomplished is that fraction
liberated as gases.
A. True B. False
236. The biological treatment processes used for wastewater treatment are broadly
classified as aerobic in which aerobic and facultative micro-organisms predominate or
anaerobic which use?
A. Biological denitrification D. Nitrogen and phosphorus
B. Organic load E. Aerobic and facultative micro-organisms
C. Anaerobic micro-organism F. None of the Above
237. Which of the following terms means the micro-organisms that are attached to a surface
over which they grow are called "attached growth processes"?
A. Carbonaceous BOD D. Suspended growth processes
C. Protozoans and rotifers F. None of the Above
39
Aerobic Processes
238. The most common aerobic processes are: activated sludge systems, lagoons, trickling
filters and rotating disk contactors.
A. True B. False
239. Which of the following terms are used to degrade carbonaceous BOD?
C. Activated sludge processes F. None of the Above
240. Which of the following terms are usually designed from pilot plant and laboratory
studies?
A. Biological denitrification D. Nitrogen and phosphorus
B. Organic load E. Activated sludge plants
241. Which of the following terms is the amount of food provided to the bacteria in the
aeration tank (the food-to-microorganism ratio, F/M)?
C. Mean cell residence time (MCRT) F. None of the Above
Microorganisms in Lagoons
242. Swimming and ______________engulf bacteria or other prey.
A. Strict aerobes D. Heterotrophic bacteria
B. Predators E. Gliding ciliates
243. Which of the following bugs or terms attach to the biomass and vortex suspended
bacteria into their gullets, while crawlers break bacteria loose from the floc surface?
A. Treatment organism(s) D. Floc-forming bacteria
B. Aerobic bacteria E. Filamentous bacteria
C. Stalked ciliate(s) F. None of the Above
244. The omnivores, such as most of these bugs, eat whatever is readily available, while
these (Missing term) feed on the floc or prey on larger organisms. Microorganisms are
directly affected by their treatment environment.
B. Worms E. Many bacterial species
245. The following changes in food, dissolved oxygen, temperature, pH, total dissolved
solids, sludge age, presence of toxins, and other factors create a dynamic environment for
the?
40
246. Food (organic loading) regulates?
B. Predators E. Many bacterial species
C. Microorganism numbers F. None of the Above
Aerobic Bacteria
247. Three bacteria groups occur: freely dispersed, single bacteria; floc-forming bacteria;
and filamentous bacteria. All function similarly to oxidize organic carbon to produce CO2
and new bacteria.
A. True B. False
248. Which of the following bugs or terms which occur are similar to those found in other
treatment processes such as activated sludge?
249. Which of the following bugs or terms that degrade wastes grow as single bacteria
dispersed in the wastewater?
250. Which of the following bugs or terms, grow in a large aggregate due to exocellular
polymer production?
251. Growth form is important as these flocs degrade ____________and settle at the end
of the process, producing a low TSS effluent.
A. Anaerobic action D. Aerobic bacteria
B. Absence of free oxygen E. Application-specific bacteria
252. Which of the following bugs or terms occur in lagoons, usually at specific growth
environments?
C. A number of filamentous bacteria F. None of the Above
253. Which of the following bugs or terms have a wide range in environmental tolerance
and can function effectively in BOD removal over a wide range in pH and temperature?
A. Strict aerobes D. Most heterotrophic bacteria
254. Anaerobic BOD removal generally proceeds well from pH 6.5 to 9.0 and at
temperatures from 3-4oC to 60-70°C (Aerobic bacteria are replaced by Mesophilic bacteria
at temperatures above 35°C).
A. True B. False
41
255. BOD removal increases rapidly below 3-4°C and ceases at 1-2°C.
A. True B. False
256. A very specialized group of bacteria occurs to some extent in lagoons (and other
wastewater treatment systems) that can oxidize ammonia via nitrite to nitrate, termed?
C. Nitrifying bacteria F. None of the Above
Aerated lagoons
257. The aerated lagoons are basins, normally excavated in earth and operated without
Solids recycling into the system. This is the major difference with respect to activated sludge
systems.
A. True B. False
258. Two types are the most common: The Aerobic-anaerobic or partially suspended
lagoon in which the concentration of solids and dissolved oxygen are maintained fairly
uniform and neither the incoming solids nor the biomass of microorganisms’ settle, and the
completely mixed lagoon.
A. True B. False
259. In the facultative lagoons, the power input is reduced causing accumulation of solids in
the bottom which undergo_______________, while the upper portions are maintained
aerobic.
A. Facultative lagoon(s) D. Odors
B. Anaerobic decomposition E. Complete nitrification
C. Aerated lagoon(s) F. None of the Above
260. Lagoons are exposed to low temperatures which can cause _____________ and
eventually the formation of ice.
A. Non-biodegradable fraction D. Reduced biological activity
B. Substantial alkalinity E. Suspended solids in the effluent
C. Completely mixed lagoon F. None of the Above
261. If excavated basins are used for settling, care should be taken to provide a residence
time long enough for the?
B. Sludge E. Complete nitrification
C. Solids to settle F. None of the Above
262. Which of the following terms might develop in the upper layers contributing to an
increased content of suspended solids in the effluent?
A. Non-biodegradable fraction D. Settled sludge, and algae
263. Which of the following terms can be minimized by using minimum depths of up to 2 m?
B. Sludge E. Complete nitrification
C. Aerated lagoon(s) F. None of the Above
42
264. According to the text, accumulated solids will, on the whole?
A. Non-biodegradable fraction D. Decompose in the bottom
Nitrification
265. Nitrosomonas europaea, which oxidizes ammonia to nitrite, and Nitrobacter
winogradskyi, which oxidizes nitrite to nitrate.
A. True B. False
266. Which of the following bugs require a neutral pH and substantial alkalinity?
A. Nitrifying bacteria D. Aerobic bacteria
B. Methane forming bacteria E. Anaerobic, heterotrophic bacteria
C. Two bacteria F. None of the Above
267. Nitrification ceases at pH values above pH 9 and declines markedly at pH values

below 7.
A. True B. False
268. Nitrification, is a major pathway for nitrogen removal in lagoons.

A. True B. False
269. Nitrifying bacteria exists in low numbers in lagoons,tthey prefer attached growth
systems and/or?
C. High MLSS sludge systems F. None of the Above
Anaerobic Bacteria
270. Which of the following bugs or related terms commonly occur in lagoons are involved
in methane formation and in sulfate reduction?
C. Only two bacteria F. None of the Above
271. Anaerobic methane formation involves _____________bacteria.

A. Three different groups of anaerobic D. Organic overloading conditions
B. Methane fermentation E. Acid-forming bacteria
C. Methane bacteria F. None of the Above
272. Which of the following bugs or related terms many genera of anaerobic bacteria
hydrolyze proteins, fats, and poly saccharides present in wastewater to amino acids?
C. General anaerobic degraders F. None of the Above
43
Photosynthetic Organisms
273. Which of the following bugs or related terms - this diverse group of bacteria converts
products from above under anaerobic conditions to simple alcohols and organic acids?
A. BOD and sulfate D. Organic overloading and anaerobic conditions
274. Which of the following bugs or related terms these bacteria convert formic acid,
methanol, methylamine, and acetic acid under anaerobic conditions to methane?
C. General anaerobic degraders F. None of the Above
275. A problem exists at times where the acid formers overproduce organic acids, lowering
the pH below where the methane bacteria can function (a pH < 6.5). This can stop methane
formation and lead to a buildup of sludge in a lagoon with a low pH. In an anaerobic
fermenter, this is called a "stuck digester".
A. True B. False
276. Which of the following bugs or related terms are environmentally sensitive and have a
narrow pH range of 6.5-7.5 and require temperatures > 14o C.
277. Which of the following bugs or related terms is a major cause of odors in ponds?
A. Sulfate reduction D. Organic overloading and anaerobic conditions
278. Which of the following bugs or related terms and represented by about 28 genera,
oxidize reduced sulfur compounds using light energy to produce sulfur and sulfate?
C. Red and green sulfur bacteria F. None of the Above
279. Which of the following bugs or related terms which can grow in profusion and give a
lagoon a pink or red color?
A. Chromatium, Thiocystis, and Thiopedia D. Organic overloading
280. According to the text, conversion of odorous sulfides to sulfur and sulfate by these
bugs is a significant odor control mechanism in facultative and anaerobic lagoons.
B. Sulfur bacteria E. Acid-forming bacteria
44
Treatment Lagoon
281. Which of the following related terms at a treatment lagoon is determined by the various
chemical species of alkalinity that are present?
A. Bicarbonate ion (HCO3) D. pH
B. CO2 E. Phosphorus
C. Carbonate ion (CO23) F. None of the Above
282. High amounts of ___________ yield a low lagoon pH, while high amounts of CO23
yield a high lagoon pH.
A. Alkalinity and Ph D. Algal growth
283. Bacterial growth on BOD releases CO2 which subsequently dissolves in water to
yield?.
A. Bicarbonate ion (HCO3) D. Carbonic acid (H2CO3)
284. According to the text, algal growth in lagoons has the opposite effect on
lagoon___________, raising the pH due to algal use for growth of inorganic carbon (CO2
and HCO3).
A. Alkalinity and pH D. pH
285. Algal growth reduces the lagoon alkalinity which may cause the ________ to increase
if the lagoon alkalinity (pH buffer capacity) is low.
A. Bicarbonate ion (HCO3) D. pH
286. Algae can grow to such an extent in lagoons that they consume?
A. Alkalinity and pH D. All of the CO2 and HCO3
287. pH caused by ___________ can be beneficial.

A. Bicarbonate ion (HCO3) D. Algal growth
288. Which of the following related terms, removal by natural chemical precipitation is
greatly enhanced at pH values greater than pH = 8.5?
A. Alkalinity and pH D. Algal growth
45
Protozoans and Microinvertebrates
289. Many higher life forms (animals) develop in lagoons. These include protozoans and
microinvertebrates such as rotifers, daphnia, annelids, chironomids, and mosquito larvae.
A. True B. False
290. Which of the following bugs or related terms best describe the most common higher
life forms in lagoons with about 250 species identified in lagoons to date?
A. Mosquitoes D. Rotifers and daphnia
B. Bacteria and algae E. Culex tarsalis
C. Protozoans F. None of the Above
291. Which of the following bugs or related terms best describe important at controlling
algal overgrowth and these often "bloom" when algal concentrations are high?
B. Bacteria and algae E. Culex tarsalis
292. Which of the following bugs or related terms best describe relatively slow growing and
only occur in systems with a detention time of >10 days?
B. Bacteria and algae E. Microinvertebrates
293. The requirement for a minimum lagoon bank slope and removal of shoreline
vegetation by most regulatory agencies is based on the public health need to reduce
mosquito vectors.
A. True B. False
Activated Sludge Methods

Organic Load
294. The organic load (generally coming from primary treatment operations such as settling,
screening or flotation) enters the reactor where the active microbial population is present.
The reactor must be continuously aerated.
A. True B. False
295. The mixture then passes to a settling tank where the cells are settled. The treated
wastewater is disinfected while the secondary settling and is recycled in part to the
aeration basin.
A. True B. False
296. According to the text, as the cells are retained longer in the system, the flocculating
characteristics of the cells improve since they start to produce extra cellular slime which
favors?
A. Secondary settling D. Organic load
B. High degradation rate E. Settled biomass
C. Flocculating F. None of the Above
46
Common Types
297. The most common types of activated sludge are the conventional and the continuous
flow stiffed tank, in which the contents are completely mixed. In the conventional process,
the wastewater is circulated along the aeration tank, with the flow being arranged by baffles
in plug flow mode. The oxygen demand for this arrangement is maximum at the inlet as is
the organic load concentration.
A. True B. False
298. In the completely mixed process the inflow streams are usually introduced at several
points to facilitate the homogeneity of the mixing; if the mixing is complete, the properties are
constant throughout the reactor.
A. True B. False
Paramecium sp.
299. Which of the following bugs is a medium to large size (100-300 μm) swimming ciliate,
commonly observed in activated sludge, sometimes in abundant numbers?
A. Shelled amoeba(s) D. Stalked ciliate
B. Euglypha E. Paramecium
C. Vorticella F. None of the Above
300. Which of the following bugs is uniformly ciliated over the entire body surface with
longer cilia tufts at the rear of the cell.
301. Paramecium may also be seen paired up with another __________________ which
makes a good diagnostic key.
302. Which of the following bugs is described as a filter-feeding ciliate because its cilia
move and filter bacteria from the water?
Vorticella sp.
303. Which of the following bugs feeds by producing a vortex with its feeding cilia?
304. According to the text, if treatment conditions are bad, for example low DO or toxicity,
_______________ will leave their stalks.
B. Euglypha E. Ciliate
47
305. Which of the following bugs are present when the plant effluent quality is high?
306. According to the text, Vorticella is a?

A. Mixed liquor D. Free-swimming and stalked ciliate(s)
B. Bacteria E. Contracting stalk
C. Stalked ciliate F. None of the Above
Euglypha sp.
307. Which of the following bugs spines may be single or in groups of two or three?
308. The shell of this bug is often transparent, allowing the hyaline (watery) body to be seen
inside the shell.
A. Euglypha D. Euchlanis
B. Shelled amoeba(s) E. Spirochaetes
C. Rotifer(s) F. None of the Above
309. Which of the following bugs are common in soil, treatment plants, and stream bottoms
where decaying organic matter is present?
310. Which of the following bugs is a shelled (testate) amoeba?

311. Which of the following bugs have a rigid covering which is either secreted or built from
sand grains or other extraneous materials?
Euchlanis sp.
312. Which of the following bugs has a glassy shell secreted by its outer skin?
313. A characteristic of this creature is their mastax?

48
314. According to the text, Euchlanis is commonly found in?
A. Biofilm bacteria D. Activated sludge
B. Filamentous bacteria E. An omnivore
C. Some bacteria F. None of the Above
Bacteria Section
315. Bacteria come in a variety of shapes. The simplest shape is a round sphere or ball.
Bacteria formed like this are called Cocci (singular coccus). The next simplest shape is
cylindrical. Cylindrical bacteria are called rods (singular rod).
A. True B. False
316. Some bacteria are basically rods but instead of being straight they are twisted, bent or
curved, sometimes in a?
A. Cocci D. Spiral
B. Rods E. Spirochaetes
C. Balls F. None of the Above
317. Which of the following terms is tightly coiled up bacteria?

A. Cocci D. Spiral
B. Rods E. Spirochaetes
C. Balls F. None of the Above
318. When bacteria live in chains, one after the other, they are called _______________ -
these often have long thin cells.
319. Many bacteria exist as this term and the study of biofilms is very important.
A. Filamentous Bacteria D. Either anaerobic or aerobic conditions
B. A biofilm E. Anaerobic to aerobic state
C. Application-specific bacteria F. None of the Above
320. Which of the following terms secrete sticky substances that form a sort of gel in which
they live?
Filamentous Bacteria
321. Which of the following terms are a type of bacteria that can be found in a wastewater
treatment system?
B. Facultative E. Anaerobic to aerobic state
322. According to the text, filamentous Bacteria function similar to ___________since they
degrade BOD quite well.
B. Filamentous bacteria E. Floc forming bacteria
49
323. According to the text, filaments are _______________that grow in long thread-like
strands or colonies.
A. Bacteria D. Bacteria and fungi
B. Facultative Bacteria E. Anaerobic to aerobic state Bacteria
Site Specific Bacteria

324. Aeration and biofilm building are the key operational parameters that contribute to the
efficient degradation of organic matter (BOD/COD removal).
A. True B. False
325. Which of the following terms become site-specific as the biofilm develops and matures
and is even more efficient in treating the site-specific waste stream?
C. Facultative bacteria F. None of the Above
Facultative Bacteria
326. Most of the bacteria absorbing the organic material in a wastewater treatment system
are facultative in nature, meaning they are adaptable to survive and multiply in either
anaerobic or aerobic conditions.
A. True B. False
327. According to the text, usually, facultative bacteria will be ___________ unless there is
some type of mechanical or biochemical process used to add oxygen to the wastewater.
A. Anaerobic D. Aerobic
328. According to the text, when bacteria are in the process of being transferred from one
environment to another, the metamorphosis from _______________ (and vice versa) takes
place within a couple of hours.
Anaerobic Bacteria
329. Which of the following terms live and reproduce in the absence of free oxygen?
B. Anaerobic bacteria E. Application-specific bacteria
330. In order to remove a given amount of organic material in an anaerobic treatment

system, the organic material must be exposed to a ________________ and/or detained for
a much longer period of time.
B. Absence of free oxygen E. Significantly higher quantity of bacteria
50
331. A typical use for these bugs would be in a septic tank.
A. Filamentous organisms D. Anaerobic bacteria
332. Which of the following terms or bugs release hydrogen sulfide as well as methane gas,
both of which can create hazardous conditions?
B. Anaerobic bacteria E. Anaerobic to aerobic state
333. Which of the following terms begins in the collection lines of a sewer system, deadly
hydrogen sulfide or explosive methane gas can accumulate and be life threatening?
Aerobic Bacteria
334. Aerobic bacteria live and multiply in the presence of free oxygen.
A. True B. False
335. Facultative bacteria always achieve an aerobic state when oxygen is present.
A. True B. False
336. The metabolism of aerobes is much higher than?

B. Anaerobes E. Application-specific bacteria
337. The by-products of _______________ are carbon dioxide and water.

338. Which of the following terms or bugs live in colonial structures called floc?
339. With the mechanical nature of the_____________, maintenance and operator

oversight are required.
A. Aerobic digestion process D. Either anaerobic or aerobic conditions
Protozoans and Metazoans

340. In a wastewater treatment system, the next higher life form above bacteria is?
A. Nematodes and rotifers D. Protozoan and metazoan
B. Metazoan(s) E. Aerobic floc
C. Protozoan(s) F. None of the Above
51
341. Which of the following terms or bugs are also indicators of biomass health and effluent
quality?
A. Organic material D. Biomass health and effluent quality
B. Protozoans E. Aerobic flocs
C. Macroinvertebrates F. None of the Above
342. Which of the following terms or bugs are very similar to protozoans except that they
are usually multi-celled animals?
B. Metazoan(s) E. Aerobic floc
343. Which of the following terms or bugs are typically found only in a well-developed
biomass?
B. Metazoan(s) E. Macroinvertebrates
344. Which of the following terms or bugs and the relative abundance of certain species
can be a predictor of operational changes within a treatment plant?
A. Nematodes and rotifers D. Protozoans and metazoans
B. Metazoan(s) E. Macroinvertebrates
Dispersed Growth
345. Dispersed growth is material suspended within the activated sludge process that has
not been adsorbed into the floc particles. This material consists of very small quantities of
colloidal (too small to settle out) bacteria as well as organic and inorganic particulate
material.
A. True B. False
346. According to the text, while a small amount of ______________between the floc
particles is normal, excessive amounts can be carried through a secondary clarifier.
A. Denitrification process D. Dispersed growth
B. Organic material E. Anaerobic sludge
Activated Sludge Aerobic Flocs

347. Aerobic flocs in a healthy state are referred to as activated sludge. While aerobic floc
has a metabolic rate approximately 10 times higher than anaerobic sludge, it can be
increased even further by exposing the bacteria to an abundance of oxygen.
A. True B. False
348. Wastewater treatment efficiencies and removal levels are so much improved that
additional downstream treatment components are?
B. Organic material E. Dramatically reduced or totally eliminated
52
Problems may appear during the operation of activated sludge systems, including:
349. Which of the following terms’ content in clarified effluent, which may be due to too high
or too low solids retention time and to growth of filamentous microorganisms?
A. Organic material D. Biomass health and effluent quality
B. High solids E. Aerobic flocs
C. Macroinvertebrates F. None of the Above
350. Which of the following wastewater treatment related terms occurs when sludge that
normally settles rises back to the surface after having settled?
B. Organic material E. Rising sludge
Filamentous Organisms
351. Which of the following wastewater treatment related terms reach too high a
concentration, they can extend dramatically from the floc particles?
A. Filamentous organisms D. Process control variation
352. Which of the following wastewater treatment related terms, because of the increased
surface area and without a corresponding increase in mass, this will not settle well?
A. Larger floc particles D. Biomass
B. Activated sludge E. Filaments
C. Floating scum mat F. None of the Above
353. Which of the following wastewater treatment related terms, due to the high surface
area of this term will reach an excess concentration?
B. Floc particles E. Filamentous bacteria
354. The majority of filamentous organisms are bacteria, although some of them are
classified as algae, fungi or other life forms. There are a number of types of filamentous
bacteria which proliferate in the Activated sludge process.
A. True B. False
355. Filamentous organisms serve to strengthen the?

356. Which of the following wastewater treatment related terms that settling in the clarifier
also tends to accumulate smaller particulates?
B. Activated sludge process E. Filaments
53
Filamentous Bacteria Identification
357. Filamentous Identification should be used as a tool to monitor the health of the biomass
when a floating scum mat is suspected.
A. True B. False
358. Filamentous Identification is used to determine the type of filaments present so that a
cause can be found and corrections can be made to the system to alleviate future problems.
A. True B. False
359. Which of the following wastewater treatment related terms usually have a process
control variation associated with the type of filament present that can be implemented to
change the environment present?
A. Filamentous organisms D. All filamentous bacteria
360. Which of the following wastewater treatment related terms change must be made or
the filaments will return with time eventually?
B. Activated sludge process E. A process
Nocardia amarae
361. Nocardia amarae, a common cause of Gram-positive, chemoautotrophic, filamentous
in waste treatment plants, is a slow growing, usually gram-positive, chemoautotrophic,
filamentous, strict aerobe that produces the biosurfactant trehalose.
A. True B. False
362. Colonies can be_______________, so color alone is not a key to identifying this
species.
A. Stain gram-negative D. Disruptive foaming
B. Not casease E. Brown, pink, orange, red, purple, gray or white
C. Slower growing filaments F. None of the Above
363. N. amarae, member of the Actinomycetes family, is very motile, so it doesn’t rely on
movement of the water to carry it through the system.
A. True B. False
364. The foam from Nocardia amarae is usually a _____________ unless algae are
entrapped in it, in which case it appears green and brown.
A. Viscous brown color D. Gram-positive, chemoautotrophic, filamentous
B. Staining gram-positive E. Disruptive foaming
C. Mixotrophic F. None of the Above
Nostocoida limicola
365. Nostocoida limicola is yet another common cause of disruptive foaming in waste
treatment plants, motile in its Hormogonia and sometimes Trichome phases. This oxygenic
phototrophic species often forms multicellular rigid filaments, forming non-symbiotic
relationships with other species.
A. True B. False
54
Thiothrix
366. Thiothrix spp., the primary cause of disruptive foaming in wastewater treatment plants
appears as straight to slightly curved cells with rectangular shape form filaments up to 1000
microns in length, in multicellular rigid filaments Staining gram-positive, with obligately
aerobic respiration.
A. True B. False
367. Thiothrix are considered this term, using several small organic carbons and reduced
inorganic sulfur sources for growth and energy.
Microthrix parvicella
368. Microthrix parvicella is another common cause of?
Sphaeroliticus natans
369. Sphaeroliticus natans is another filamentous species, and yet it is reputed to increase
settleability by branching between flocs, increasing surface area.
A. True B. False
370. Cells are straight to slightly curved, up to 1000 microns in length and?
A. Stain gram-negative D. Disruptive foaming
B. Not casease E. Multicellular rigid filaments
C. Slower growing filaments F. None of the Above
Filamentous Bacteria
371. A problem that often frustrates the performance of activated sludge is bulking sludge
due to the growth of filamentous bacteria. Sludge bulking can often be solved by careful
process modifications.
A. True B. False
372. Different filamentous bacteria such as Microthrix, Sphaerotilus, Nostocoida, Thiothrix

or ”Type 021N” and others cause?
A. Bulking for very different reasons D. Bacteria and other microbes
B. Dissolved oxygen decrease E. Oxygen-demanding pollutants
C. Sludge bulking F. None of the Above
373. There is a potential for instability with ___________________is an acute problem

when strict demands on treatment performance are in place.
A. Organic carbon D. High BOD
B. Activated sludge E. Growth of filamentous bacteria
C. Domestic wastewater F. None of the Above
55
Other Wastewater Treatment Components
Biochemical Oxygen Demand
374. Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD or BOD5) is an indirect measure of Biodegradable
organic compounds in water, and is determined by measuring the dissolved oxygen
decrease in a controlled water sample over a five-day period.
A. True B. False
375. During this five-day period, aerobic (oxygen-consuming) bacteria decompose organic
matter in the sample and consume dissolved oxygen in proportion to the amount of organic
material that is present.
A. True B. False
376. Which of the following terms reflects high concentrations of substances that can be
biologically degraded, thereby consuming oxygen?
B. Human sources E. Growth of filamentous bacteria
377. The BOD test has merit as a pollution parameter continues to be debated,
_______________has the advantage of a long period of record.
A. BOD D. Bacteria and other microbes
Organic Carbon
378. Most organic carbon in water occurs as partly degraded plant and animal materials,
some of which are resistant to microbial degradation.
A. True B. False
379. Dead tissue containing carbon is decomposed as ________________by bacteria and

other microbes.
A. An essential nutrient D. Detritus
Total Organic Carbon

380. TOC bears a direct relationship with biological and chemical oxygen demand; high
levels of TOC can result from human sources, this term being the main concern.
B. High oxygen demand E. Growth of filamentous bacteria
Nutrient Constituents in Wastewater and Measurement Methods

Nitrogen
381. The major contributors of nitrogen to wastewater are _________________ such as
food preparation, showering, and waste excretion.
A. Human activities D. Bacteria and other microbes
56
382. The per capita contribution of nitrogen in domestic wastewater is about 1/10th of that
for BOD.
A. True B. False
383. Which of the following terms in domestic wastewater typically ranges from 20 to 70
mg/L for low to high strength wastewater?
B. Total nitrogen E. Growth of filamentous bacteria
384. Influent concentration varies during the day and can vary significantly during rainfall
events, as a result of?
A. An essential nutrient D. Inflow and infiltration to the collection system
The TKN method has three major steps:

385. Digestion to convert organic nitrogen to?
A. TKN D. Ammonium sulfate
B. Organic nitrogen E. Dissolved, biodegradable compounds
C. Aliphatic N compounds F. None of the Above
386. Conversion of this term into condensed ammonia gas through addition of a strong
base and boiling.
A. Ammonia gas D. Ammonium sulfate
B. Effluent limits E. Domestic wastewater organic nitrogen
C. DON F. None of the Above
387. Measuring the concentration includes ammonia, with this term being subtracted from
the TKN to determine organic nitrogen.
B. Organic nitrogen E. Ammonia‐nitrogen concentration
388. Nitrogen components in wastewater are typically reported on an

“__________________” basis?
A. Ammonia gas D. As nitrogen
389. Wastewater treatment plants are designed for nitrification and denitrification and these
can remove 80 to 95 percent of _________________, but the removal of organic nitrogen is
typically much less efficient.
B. Organic nitrogen E. Inorganic nitrogen
57
390. According to the text, domestic wastewater organic nitrogen may be present in
particulate, colloidal or dissolved forms and consist of proteins, amino acids,
_____________, refractory natural compounds in drinking water.
A. Ammonia gas D. Aliphatic N compounds
391. Which of the following terms may be released in secondary treatment by

microorganisms either through metabolism or upon death and lysis?
392. Which of the following terms happens by microorganisms releases some organic
nitrogen as dissolved, biodegradable compounds?
A. Ammonia gas D. Hydrolysis of particulate and colloidal material
393. Other forms of _____________ may be more persistent in wastewater treatment

processes.
394. The chemical composition of DON in wastewater effluents is completely understood.

A. True B. False
Phosphorus
395. Which of the following terms in domestic wastewater typically ranges between 4 and 8
mg/L but can be higher depending on sources?
A. Phosphorus as phosphate D. Pyrophosphate and trimetaphosphate
B. Phosphorus E. Total phosphorus (TP)
C. Orthophosphate F. None of the Above
Activated Sludge Process

396. Aerobic is a condition in which free or dissolved oxygen is present in the aquatic
environment.
A. True B. False
397. Aerobic Bacteria will live and reproduce only in an environment containing oxygen.
A. True B. False
398. When oxygen chemically combined, such as in water molecules can be used for
respiration by aerobes
A. True B. False
399. Anaerobic- a condition in which “free” or dissolved oxygen is not present in the aquatic
environment.
A. True B. False
58
400. Methane Fermenters – bacteria that break down the volatile acids to methane, carbon
dioxide and water.
A. True B. False
59

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TERTIARY TREATMENT TRAINING COURSE $200.00

Start and finish dates: ___________________________________________________

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What is the approval number if Applicable? ____________________

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Please fax or e-mail the answer key to TLC

TERTIARY TREATMENT TRAINING CEU COURSE

PLEASE COMPLETE THIS FORM BY CIRCLING THE NUMBER OF THE

1. Please rate the difficulty of your course.

2. Please rate the difficulty of the testing process.

4. How did you hear about this Course? ____________________________________

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How about the price of the course?

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How was your customer service?

Poor___ Fair ____ Average ____ Good _____ Great_____

Any other concerns or comments.

7. Which of the following terms is a discharge of untreated wastewater from a combined

9. Which of the following terms is a schedules of activities, prohibitions of practices,

Clean Water Act (Rule) Summary

23. Which of the following terms focused on toxic pollutants?

Basic Wastewater Treatment Processes

Oil and Grease

Hydrogen Sulfide and Ammonia

62. Ammonia as a dissolved gas in wastewater also is not dangerous to fish.

Pollutants, Oxygen-Demanding Substances

68. Oxygen-demanding substances are usually destroyed or converted to other compounds

Inorganic and Synthetic Organic Chemicals

Nitrogen and Phosphorus Removal Technologies

Nutrient Removal Technologies

109. Phosphorus removal is typically 1 to 1.5 percent.

Sequencing batch reactor (SBR)

120. Several decanter configurations are available, including?

135. Nitrogen is removed by plant uptake and?

Proprietary Filters/Improved and Emerging Technologies

Secondary Clarification Process

Fixed Film Systems

Suspended Film Systems

Other Important Wastewater Characteristics

154. pH indicates increasing acidity while a low pH indicates increasing alkalinity.

Total Dissolved Solids

Total Suspended Solids (TSS)

Advanced Methods of Wastewater Treatment

185. Pretreatment and pollution prevention which helps limit _______________discharged

186. All WWTPs provide a minimum of?

188. Ammonia in wastewater effluent is safe to aquatic life.

189. Nitrogen in the form of ________________can exert a direct demand on oxygen or

Conversion of Nitrate to Nitrogen Gas

Email________________ Fax ()_

Operator ID #_______________Exp. Date_

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