A F i gure Ei ght R e p o r t

The State of AI
and Machine
Learning

Bridging the AI Gap Between Data Scientists

and Line-of-Business Owners

Follow me on LinkedIn for more:

Steve Nouri
https://www.linkedin.com/in/stevenouri/
Table of Contents

01 Introduction

02 About the Survey

03 Why are Data Scientist Not 100% Satisfied

in Their Jobs?

04 The Future is … Human? Machine? Cyborg?

05 Line of Business Budgets Suggest

Growing Importance of AI Initiatives

06 Bridging the AI Gap

07 Crawl, Walk, Run with AI

08 Conclusion

09 References
3
Introduction
The number of organizations of AI, they will need to both efficient, and it can augment
using artificial intelligence (AI) bridge the gaps and embrace human activity, assisting
has skyrocketed in recent years.
1
the commonality between their people in their tasks to improve
Today, more than one-third of efforts to adopt AI. efficiencies and responsiveness
organizations use AI in some to changing business needs.
capacity, and AI deployments Part of adopting and embracing
have grown by 270% during the AI requires obtaining the right This report illustrates the current
last four years. More and more data. Only high-quality training state of AI and machine learning,
companies are focused on data — those annotated for a detailing how organizations are
incorporating AI into their daily specific use case — can help implementing AI within their
business processes. Companies machine learning algorithms business. From the types of
that have already adopted AI to improve their accuracy to data that companies leverage to
report that2 it has allowed them make AI have an impactful the tools they use and budgets
to edge ahead of competitors. role in the real world. But not they have, this report shows the
every company has accessible, differences and commonalities
As companies determine how organized, and annotated data between line-of-business owners
to effectively use artificial that is ready for production. and technical practitioners. For
intelligence, two groups of Understanding how to take readers who might be in the
stakeholders have emerged. raw information and turn it into midst of their own AI projects,
Technical practitioners, who something useful is paramount understanding the dial turns for
are often data scientists or to getting an AI initiative moving. AI success will be invaluable.
machine learning (ML) engineers,
are responsible for writing the When organizations develop AI
code and creating the machine that can work in the real world,
learning models that enable it can have impressive impacts.
these futuristic capabilities. And, However, these impacts are
in many larger organizations, subtle and not the kind of sci-
there are line-of-business (LOB) fi movie scenarios we’re used
owners: managers, directors, to seeing. Today, AI can help
and C-level executives tasked businesses by automating
with overseeing AI initiatives. For tedious, repetitive tasks. It can
companies to enjoy the benefits make business processes more

4
 Key Takeaways
Nearly one-third of respondents we
01
surveyed have a minimum AI budget
of $250,000 or more. With some
spending upwards of $5 million.

Across all industries, companies are 02

starting to pour resources into
AI, especially as it becomes
more of a differentiator and 03 AI has made its way to the boardroom as

competitive advantage. a serious and necessary initiative, as vice

president level roles and above are now
responsible for AI deployments across
most organizations.

04 60% of line-of-business owners said their

organizations are behind when it comes to
AI, whereas 49% of technical practitioners
feel the same.

This report will shed light on why the two groups of people feel
differently about their company’s progress and hopefully help them
to find a common ground along which they can move forward.

We hope this report illuminates a path forward for you and your
organization. Thank you for taking the time to fully consider what
it means to develop AI for the real world.

5
About the Survey
We analyzed survey responses from over machine learning engineers, or software and
300 people across a variety of industries application developers. Our “line-of-business”
and company sizes. We grouped these 300 respondents represent over 50% of product
respondents into two groups: technical and managers or directors with the remainder
line-of-business. Our technical respondents representing job titles as business analyst, vice
represent 80% data scientists with the president and C-level executive.
remaining 20% representing data engineers,

TECHNICAL PRACTITIONERS

What is your job function/role?

Data Scientist

79.7%
Machine Learning Engineer

10%
Data Engineer

5.6%
Software/App Developer

4.7%

(Figure 1: Technical practitioners surveyed)

6
We asked questions ranging from the budgets of AI projects to the tools and frameworks teams use to
develop their machine learning algorithms. Additional questions about the importance of AI for business
to AI’s societal impact were also asked to help broadly paint a picture of just how pervasive AI initiatives
are becoming the norm. Other questions related to the data types being used for AI, as well as business-
process bottlenecks related to AI adoption, help illuminate where AI business challenges still exist and how
both technical and line-of-business respondents can effectively progress their AI initiatives.

This is the fourth survey of its kind that Figure Eight has conducted, analyzed, and distributed. In previous
years, the survey was known as the “Data Scientist Report.” This year, we realized the survey and report
needed to evolve. The goal in issuing the survey is to better understand the challenges of getting an AI and
ML initiative off the ground from the perspective of the technical individuals working on the projects and the
managers who oversee larger teams and even entire companies. As such, it became clear the survey was
not simply about data scientists but about understanding the growing application of AI in the real world.

TL;DR: Though many organizations already support AI and ML initiatives or are excited to get their
particular AI efforts off the ground, there still remain key differences on how technical employees
and LOB owners approach AI.

LINE-OF-BUSINESS

What is your job function/role?

Product Manager/Director

53.7%
Business Process/Dept Owner

14.5%
Program Manager/Director

12.7%
VP/C-Level Executive

12.7%
Business Process/Dept Owner

(Figure 2: Line-of-business owners surveyed) 6.4%

7
Why are Data Scientists
Not 100% Satisfied in
Their Jobs?
Of the 15 fastest-growing jobs on LinkedIn 30% of data scientist and ML engineer
in 2018 , five were machine learning or data
3
respondents replied that they are only
science-related roles. The ability to turn data somewhat satisfied in their job role, and nearly
into something useful is in high demand, and 9% said they are not satisfied altogether.
companies are willing to pay for these skills. A Respondents highlighted some of the barriers
data scientist in the U.S. can expect to make, they encounter when attempting to perform
on average, nearly $120,000 annually. Despite
4
the tasks their job title asks of them.
the pay and demand, not all data scientists
are 100% satisfied with their jobs.

How satisfied are you in your current job role? 

NOT SOMEWHAT VERY

SATISFIED SATISFIED SATISFIED SATISFIED

7% 23% 39% 31%

(Figure 3: How satisfied technical respondents are in their job)

8
Nearly three-
quarters of technical
respondents 73.5%
spend 25% or
more of their time
managing, cleaning,
and/or labeling data

What percentage of your

time do you spend managing,
cleaning and/or labeling data?

33.5%

29%
26.5%

AMOUNT OF TIME

0 - 24%
10.5%
25 - 49%

50 - 74%

<1% 75 - 99%

100%
(Figure 4: How technical practitioners spend their
time managing and cleaning their data)

9
How often are you maintaining/updating
your machine learning model?

Never This time spent in data management

extends all the way through to ML
model maintenance. In an ideal world,
ML teams constantly iterate on their
models5, in part to account for changes
in source data and in part to keep the
model accurate as it provides results in

7 % the real world. However, nearly two thirds

62.3% of technical respondents are able
to update/maintain their model only
sometimes or never.

Sometimes Constantly

56% 37%

(Figure 5: How often technical practitioners are managing their machine learning models)
10
Data management is not the
only thing making it difficult
for technical practitioners
to create their algorithms.

17% report that

executive “lack of What do you consider the
buy-in” is a bottleneck
biggest bottleneck to any of
for proceeding with
your AI initiatives or project?
AI projects.

Other bottlenecks include

the facts that some (6.2%) No AI initiative
in place 6%
work for an organization
with no AI initiative in
place, and others (10.8%)
do not have enough budget Lack of budget 11%
to move forward with their
plans. Other data scientists
and ML practitioners (23.7%)
feel their organization Lack of data 18%
suffers from a lack of
technical resources or
qualified people to help
Data
them make AI a reality.
management 21%

Executive/
Management 17%
“Buy-In”

Lack of technical
resources/ 24%
qualified people

Lack of
technical tools 3%

(Figure 6: The biggest bottlenecks

preventing AI initiatives moving forward)

11
The Future is…
Human? Machine?
Cyborg?
Finally, technical practitioners may have a slightly different view of what AI in the real world
looks like. Nearly half (48%) of line-of-business owner respondents believe the future of AI will
resemble “bionics,” a sort of symbiotic “humans + machines” combination. Just 35.6% of technical
people believe the same, with slightly more technical people feeling AI will exist as “humans with
machines existing in work.” More than double the amount of technical practitioners than line-
of-business owners (13.6% vs. 6.3%) see AI producing a 100% machine future.

What does AI
mean to you?

100% Machine (e.g., 13%

Terminator/Ex Machina)
6%

35%
Humans + Machines
Combined (e.g., Bionics)
48%

Humans with Machines 33%

Assisting in Work (e.g.,
Robotics 33%

Humans Controlled Work 16%

with Limited Machine
Learning Intelligence (e.g.,
Siri, Alexa, Google Home) 13%

100% Human (e.g., 2%

Machines will lose
in the end) 0%

(Figure 7: What “AI” means to technical

and line-of-business respondents)

TECHNICAL PRACTITIONERS
LINE OF BUSINESS

12
The solution?
It’s clear that people in line-of-business roles and
technical practitioners must do more to collaborate.
By getting in the same room, the two groups can
work to find common ground when it comes to
their AI initiatives.

13
LOB Budgets Suggest
Growing Importance
of AI Initiatives
Nearly one-third (29%) of line-of-business respondents report that their AI
budget is $250,000 or more. This investment makes it imperative that line-
of-business owners and technical practitioners form a united front when it
comes to AI decision making.

A majority (52%) of line-of-business owners are spending at least $51,000 on

AI initiatives. 5% of respondents have budgets that allocate $5 million or more
toward AI initiatives. These figures showcase the rising importance of AI and
ML to the value proposition within most organizations.

Less than $10,000 29%

$11,000 - $25,000 8% Do you have

an allocated
$26,000 - $50,000 11%
budget
$51,000 - $100,000 18% for any AI
initiatives
and if so,
$101,000 - $250,000 5%

$251,000 - $500,000 11% how much?

$501,000 - $5M 13%

Greater than $5M 5%

(Figure 8: Budget allocated for AI initiatives, per line-of-business owners)

14
 The belief in AI adoption, and the processes that support it, is
another place where technical and line-of-business AI owners
differ in their response. While 49% of technical practitioners feel
their company is behind when it comes to adopting AI, 59.5% of
line-of-business owners feel their companies are behind. Perhaps
collaborating more and finding common ground can help these
two groups better understand where companies are in their path
to AI success.

Do you feel
that your
company is
behind when
it comes to
adopting AI? TECHNICAL PRACTITIONERS
LINE OF BUSINESS

(Figure 9: How respondents feel about their 49%

company’s AI adoption - is it behind)
YES
60%

51%
NO
40%

15
When asked what type of data their organizations are: text, time-series, and still images. Product or
use most often for AI initiatives, line-of-business SKU data also appears to be growing as a chosen
and technical practitioner respondents replied data type. The rise of visual data types hints at
with an array of answers. However, across both more practical applications of AI in the real world,
the line-of-business respondents and technical from ML-driven agriculture machinery to self-
practitioners, the most common data types in use driving vehicles.

What kinds of data do you work with?

T E XT E -S E R I E S ILL I
M AGE
S
TI M ST

74% 59% 37%

SKU INFO VI D E O NSO

R D AT
A
OR RM SE
CT A
U
TI
D

O
O

N
PR

32% 26% 26%

AU DIO OTHER

20% 6%

(Figure 10: Types of data respondents work with for use with AI)

16
According to respondents, 81% of technical of technical practitioners say that more than 50%
practitioners and nearly 79% of line-of-business of their company’s focus is on AI. 44% of line-of-
owners say AI is core to their business: These business owners say their companies direct at
budgets aren’t going toward projects and one- least half of their focus toward AI initiatives. AI
off initiatives; they are powering the heart of is a core to many businesses, and takes up the
businesses themselves. More than one-third (38%) majority of the focus of many organizations.

Is AI core to running your business and

if so, how much of your company’s focus
is on its success?

0% (Not 18%
core to our
business) 22%

23%
10%
19%

21%
25%
15%

20%
50%
22%

10%
75%
19%

8%
100%
4%

(Figure 11: How core AI is considered to be a

part of a company’s focus and overall success)

TECHNICAL PRACTITIONERS
LINE OF BUSINESS

17
 This AI focus is driven by leaders at the top level of many organizations. For line-of-business
owners, 22.8% report that the CTO is responsible, 12.7% report the CTO is responsible, and 19%
report they — manager level and above — are responsible.

For technical practitioners, 20% feel the CTO is responsible, 10.3% feel the CEO is responsible,
and 14.4% feel they — mostly data scientists and machine learning engineers — are responsible.
That around one in seven technical practitioners feel they must fight to make AI work in their
organization while also cleaning data and managing algorithms suggests a need for a different
organization hierarchy. For organizations with the resources, these findings may point to
demand for a CIO or chief data officer-type of role to accept responsibility for AI initiatives.

Who is ultimately responsible for all AI

initiatives within your organization?
3%
9% Other
No one/No initiative 16%
in place I am

11%
Manager level

11%
Chief Executive
Officer (CEO)

COMBINED TECHNICAL <1%

PRACTITIONERS & LINE Chief Marketing
OF BUSINESS Officer (CMO)
1%
11% Chief Operating
Director level Officer (COO)

5%
Chief Data Officer
(CDO)

11%
VP level
21%
<1% Chief Technology
Chief HR Officer Officer (CTO)/Head
(CHRO) of Technology

(Figure 12: AI responsibility within the organization)

18
Who is ultimately responsible for all AI
initiatives within your organization?

2%
9% Other
No one/No initiative
14%
in place
I am

14%
Manager level
10%
Chief Executive
Officer (CEO)

1%
TECHNICAL
Chief Operating
PRACTITIONERS Officer (COO)

5%
Chief Data Officer
(CDO)

13%
Director level

20%
11% Chief Technology
Officer (CTO)/Head
VP level
of Technology

(Figure 13: AI responsibility within the organization according to technical practitioners)

62% of line-of-business owners reported that those responsible for AI

initiatives hold titles of VP and above; 47% of technical practitioners reported
the same. While there are some discrepancies between the two sets of
respondents, it’s clear that AI is often a top-down mandate in most cases.

19
A full 67.3% of technical practitioners have consumed at least 11 pieces of ML-related content — articles,
blog posts, whitepapers, etc. — in the past six months. 55% of line-of-business owners also report having
reviewed at least 11 pieces of content. Reading is not the only way individuals are investing time and energy
learning about the latest in AI and ML.

How much content have you consumed (press, articles,

blog posts, etc.) on the topic of AI in the past 6 months?

2% 2%

13%

25%

LINE OF TECHNICAL
BUSINESS PRACTITIONERS

18%
55% 18%

67%

1 - 3

4 - 10

11 +

(Figure 14: Amount of AI content consumed in the past 6 months)

20
 Nearly 90% of technical practitioners will attend at least one industry event in the next year versus 78%
of line-of-business owners who will be in attendance. 35% of technical respondents will even attend 3 or
more events, while 37.5% of line-of-business owners will attend multiple events, showcasing how creating
useful AI is an ongoing process for many.

How many AI focused events will

you attend in the next 12 months?

12% 11%
13% 22%

LINE OF TECHNICAL
BUSINESS PRACTITIONERS

23%

24% 41% 54%

1 OR 2

3 OR 4

5 OR MORE

(Figure 15: Number of AI events which will be attended within the next 12 months)

21
 One reason organizations are
investing so much money and
time into AI initiatives is because
they truly believe those initiatives
will have an impact on the world
around them. 47% of technical
practitioners believe their AI
projects will have a large or
massive impact on the world,
though a majority (59.5%) of line-
of-business owners feel similarly.
This tells us that line-of-business
individuals feel their projects
are more impactful than their
technical peers do.

If your business has fully adopted AI, what impact do you

feel your business will have on the world?

2% 4%
14% 12%
10%
14%

35%

LINE OF TECHNICAL
BUSINESS PRACTITIONERS

28%
46%
35%

NONE

S M A L L I M PACT

AV E RAGE I M PACT

L A R GE I M PACT

M AS S I V E I M PACT

(Figure 16: The impact of a businesses AI initiatives in the real world) 22

After annotating data, ML teams Beyond cloud-based tools for of these frameworks is that
typically select between making ML — where the cloud provider they are open source and don’t
their models in house (typically manages infrastructure and add to the overhead costs of
the case when the company frameworks for the end-to- an AI project. Still, the ability to
wants to build and protect end pipeline — teams will use certain tools is something
strong intellectual property), need ML frameworks and that is part and parcel of hiring
paying a provider for an existing infrastructure for both training skilled data scientists and ML
model (when off-the-shelf and serving models. Some engineers, and the cost for open
models suffice), or outsourcing a popular frameworks and tools source technology is assumed
model (when the problem is well technical practitioners prefer in the hiring of individuals.
defined and only engineering in different stages of the ML
effort is needed). Each of these pipeline are: Numpy and Pandas
options comes with its own pros for loading data; Matplotlib for
and cons, depending on the visualization; Scikit-learn and
project and resources available TensorFlow (including Keras) for
to a company. ML models. The benefit of many

A m a zo n S a g e M a k e r 20%
AW S D e e p L e a r n i n g A M I 12.5%
BigDL 1.8%
Boken 1.8%
C a f f e / C a f f e2 4.6%
Chainer 0.9%
CNTK 4.2%
Deeplearning4j 2.3%
DyNet 0.5%
Figure Eight 7.9%
Gluon 1.4%
Google Cloud ML Engine 13%
I B M Wa t s o n 5.6%
Ke r a s 40.9%
Licensing 0.5%
Matplotlib 51.2%
Microsof t A zure
Machine Learning 5.6%
Mxnet 7%
NumPy
74.9%
Paddle 0.5%
Pandas
77.2%
P y t o r c h & To r c h 32.6%
Salesforce Einstein 0.5%
S c i k i t- l e a r n
74.9%
Seaborn 38.6%
Te n s o r F l o w 54.4%
Theano 8.8%
Other 9.3%

(Figure 17: Machine learning frameworks used by AI technical practitioners) 23

 Generally speaking, technical practitioners believe they have the right
amount of data to support their initiatives, with 57% reporting so.
However, the remaining 43% require additional data.

To launch successful AI initiatives, companies must determine how to

better support those who do not feel adequately equipped to tackle the
task ahead of them. Part of this process will require finding common
ground between technical and line-of-business individuals.

Do you believe you have the right amount/

enough data to support an AI initiative/project?

43% of Technical
Practitioners said No

57% of Technical
Practitioners said Yes

(Figure 18: Technical practitioners’ belief in having the right

amount of data to support their AI initiatives)

24
 Bridging the AI Gap

We have seen that there are some differences between technical practitioners and line-of-business
owners about how they view their organization’s AI progress. Bridging the gap between the two
practitioners will be an instrumental component in building a strong AI infrastructure.

One difference teams may encounter is where they expect AI to be deployed first within an
organization. A vast majority (62.5%) of line-of-business owners expect that AI will first be in
engineering or product deployment. Technical practitioners mostly feel similarly, except that 7%
feel that AI initiative efforts will first go toward helping the IT team perform tasks. The disconnect
could be due to a perception among engineers and data scientists that AI is a tool to assist with the
automation of tedious tasks. Line-of-business owners may be more likely to leverage AI to improve
decision making and support other business processes.

In which part of your business do

you expect AI to be deployed first?
4% 4%
8%
9%
26%

32%
32%

LINE OF TECHNICAL
BUSINESS PRACTITIONERS

1%

12%
7%
37%

6%
9%
3%
5% 4%

1%

ENGINEERING SALES PRODUCT

IT HUMAN RESOURCES CUSTOMER SUCCESS & SUPPORT

MARKETING FINANCE OTHER

(Figure 19: Where AI is being deployed first within an organization)

25
Earning executive buy-in is the key to getting an AI
initiative off the ground. Line-of-business owners
felt someone like a CTO or the respondents
themselves — most of whom are manager-level
and above — are responsible for AI initiatives within
their organizations. Technical practitioners were The differences in data type usage start to
also most likely to report that a CTO is responsible appear as respondents work their way down
for AI initiatives. However, technical individuals also the list of data-type choices. 45.6% of line-of-
reported that the respondents themselves — who business individuals highlight still images as
are mostly data scientists — are the second-most a major data type, while just 34% of technical
likely group to be responsible for AI initiatives. practitioners say images are a major data source.
The widest gap exists with time-series data, the
It seems that both groups can align on the next most used form of data. While just 40.5% of
idea of an executive-level individual carrying line-of-business respondents say they use time-
the responsibility for initiatives. However, the series data, 60% of technical practitioners report
groups diverge after that decision, each feeling using time-series data.
they are responsible for the project at hand.
This divergence is where both line-of-business These differences suggest data scientists may
owners and technical practitioners must find lack the resources needed to annotate still images
common ground. Getting these teams and the and time-series data. It will be difficult to align on
authorizing executive in a room together to carve the resources necessary for AI initiatives if the two
out a common understanding of responsibility groups cannot first come together to determine
will be hugely helpful in building a successful and the types of data they will use.
sustainable AI initiative.

Finally, the two groups of respondents differ a bit

in their expectations of data types their initiatives
will use. 68.4% of line-of-business respondents say
their AI projects use text data, 75.8% of technical
practitioners say the same. While this number
seems different at face value, the two proportions
aren’t too dissimilar and, in fact, suggest alignment
on text as the most commonly used data type.

26
 Crawl, Walk, Run with AI
Before your AI initiative can run,
it must first crawl and then walk.
Creating a successful AI initiative How would you
requires examining where your categorize the state
organization is in terms of adopting of your data?
AI. More line-of-business owners
(59.5%) than technical practitioners
(49%) feel their organization is behind
Completely
when it comes to adopting AI.
unusable data 2%
Bridging that gap and understanding
why the groups feel differently can
be a starting point in addressing Unorganized, inaccessible
and unannotated 9%
AI readiness. This also shows that
nearly half of all respondents,
regardless of role, feel like they are
Unorganized, inaccessible
behind. One reason respondents may BUT annotated 4%
feel they are behind may be due to
the state of their data.
Unorganized, BUT
accessible and annotated 13%
All AI initiatives must have organized,
usable data. Luckily, most (72.7%)
technical practitioners report Organized, accessible
that their data is organized and BUT unannotated 28%
accessible. However, just 22% of
those respondents report that their
Organized, accessible
data is “Organized, accessible and
and annotated 10%
annotated, being used for business
purposes and AI.”
Organized, accessible and

26.8% of technical practitioners with

annotated BUT unused for 4%
business purposes
organized, accessible data report
that their data is not annotated. Organized, accessible and
However, an overwhelming 94.9% of annotated being used for 9%
business purposes BUT not AI
technical respondents say “high-
quality annotated training data
Organized, accessible and
is important to the success of annotated being used for 21%
AI.” It is clear that, although most business purposes AND AI
practitioners have accessible data,
plenty still need to annotate that (Figure 20: All respondents’ perception
data before it becomes usable. of their data readiness)

27
36% of data scientists say that 61% or more of their work informs or powers
AI initiatives or projects. While not all data scientists are tasked with AI, it
seems that the majority of respondents do not spend most of their time
working on AI projects. Determining if this is the correct time allotment or if
data scientists should be spending more time on AI projects will be helpful
in understanding why or why not an organization feels AI ready.

How much of your work

informs or powers AI
initiatives and projects
within your organization?

2%
15%
17%

TECHNICAL
PRACTITIONERS

21%

23%

22%

0% 21% to 40% 61% to 80%

1% to 20% 41% to 60% 100%

(Figure 21: The work of the AI technical practitioner informs AI initiatives and projects)

28
Nearly one-third of either group (31.7% for line-of-business owners and
34% of data scientists) reports that their company’s AI initiatives are
already launched. The timelines for both groups is a fairly even split.
Nearly one-third believes their AI initiatives are one month to one year
away from being launched, and about a final third of respondents in
either group feels their launches are one year or more away. The good
news is both groups seem to have formed a consensus about their
timelines. Now it’s up to both groups to determine how to best address
those timelines given their current resources.

How long will it be before your

company’s AI initiatives/projects
will be considered launched?

34%
Already
launched
32%

12%
1 - 6 Months
10%

21%
6 - 12 Months
23%

15%
1 - 2 Years
18%

7%
3 - 5 Years
7%

3%
5 + Years
1%

Never, no 8%
AI initiatives
in place 9%

(Figure 22: Time frame for when an AI

project will launch)

TECHNICAL PRACTITIONERS
LINE OF BUSINESS

29
 Conclusion

AI is already making its mark on real-world organization’s end products. Some believe AI will
applications. Though the perfect autonomous help accelerate scientific discovery. For many, AI’s
vehicle algorithms, for example, have not yet best use case is to supplement and complement
emerged, every new attempt at creating AI for human intelligence.
public use helps us move one step closer. While we
wait for the more fantastic deployments to arrive, Whatever your use for AI, we hope this report
we can already begin to enjoy some of the ways in has helped you gain a better understanding
which AI is helping businesses compete and earn of the current landscape and appetite for AI
competitive edges. initiatives among business leaders and technical
practitioners. Please feel free to reach out should
Respondents see AI being used in the real world you have any questions about what you’ve read
to accomplish a number of tasks. Some believe here or about embarking upon your own AI journey.
it will help automate processes, workflows, and
simple tasks. Others feel it will enhance their

30
 Reference
1 Gartner, “Gartner Survey Shows 37 Percent of Organizations Have
Implemented AI in Some Form”, https://www.gartner.com/en/newsroom/
press-releases/2019-01-21-gartner-survey-shows-37-percent-of-
organizations-have

2 Deloitte Insights, “State of AI in the Enterprise, 2nd Edition”, https://www2.

deloitte.com/content/dam/insights/us/articles/4780_State-of-AI-in-the-
enterprise/DI_State-of-AI-in-the-enterprise-2nd-ed.pdf

3 LinkedIn Talent Blog, “These are the 15 Fastest-Growing Jobs in the U.S.”,
https://business.linkedin.com/talent-solutions/blog/trends-and-
research/2018/linkedin-emerging-jobs-report-2018

4 Glassdoor, “Data Scientist Salaries”, https://www.glassdoor.com/Salaries/

data-scientist-salary-SRCH_KO0,14.htm

5 Figure Eight, “How to Build, Train, Test, and Deploy a Machine Learning Model”,
https://www.figure-eight.com/how-to-build-train-test-and-deploy-a-
machine-learning-model/

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