PRESENTATION ON
Servlets and JSP
Presented By:
Prof. Kautkar Rohit Anil
Assistant Professor
Computer Engineering,
Sandip Institute of Polytechnic, Nashik
Contents
Introduction to Servlets
Motivation behind the servlets
Types of Servlets
Generic Servlets
HTTP Servlets
Servlet LifeCycle
Using Servlet Request and Response
Contents
The Servlet API
The javax.servlet package
The javax.servlet.http package
Handling HTTP Request and Responses
Servlet Redirection
Basic Concepts of Sessions, Cookies and Session
Tracking
Introduction to Servlet
Web Browsers and Servers?
What are Servlets?
Basically WebPages generated by web server in
response to the request send by the clients.
Java Classes that Extends functionality of Server
Provide advantages compare to other technologies
Static Webpages– URL, MIME, HTML
Dynamic Web Pages– Contents on the fly… Example?
Introduction to Servlet
Web Browsers and Servers Communication?
CGI?
Common Gateway interface
Provide separate process for each HTTP Request
Can Open connection to one or more DB
Languages: C, C++, Perl, Python etc.
Advantages to Servlet
Advantages of Servelts?
Performance is Better
Execute within Server Space
No need to create separate process
Platform independent as Java compiled
Supports several Web Browsers
JSM implements security constraints to protect
resources on Server Machine
All Java Libraries are available in Servlet
Types of Servlet
Servlets
User to Implements User to Implements
Basic Lifecycle of Generic HTTP web Based
Servlets Servlets Servlets
Applications
Protocol Built-in Support
Independent for Protocols
Generic Servlet HTTP Servlet
Javax.servlet.GenericServlet package Javax.servlet.http package
Uses service() method doPost(), doGet() methods
Do not use any protocol Uses protocol
Servlet Lifecycle
Easy to understand
Based on Three methods through which each servlet Pass
1.Init()
2.Service()
3.Destroy()
Servlet Lifecycle
Init() Service() Destroy()
• When • Perform • When
Servlet Task Servlet
Created Deleted
Example Scenario of Sevlet
User will Enter URL
Browser Generate HTTP Request and sends to appropriate
Server
Server Receive Request and Maps to Servlet
Servlet dynamically retrived and loaded in to server Space
Servlet invokes init() method– when first time loaded into
memory of server
Example Scenario of Sevlet
Initialization parameters passed to servlet for configuration
Now, Service() method is invoked
Service() for processing HTTP Requests and based on
which For Generating Responses
Servlet remains in Server Space for other clients
Each Request invokes service() method
Example Scenario of Sevlet
Finally server takes decision to unload it from memory
Invokes destroy() for deleting it
Now, all objects are thrown to Garbage collector
Example Scenario of Sevlet
import java.io.*;
import javax.servlet.*;
public class HelloServlet extends GenericServlet
{
public void service(ServletRequest request,ServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException
{
response.setContentType("text/html");
PrintWriter pw = response.getWriter();
pw.println("<B>Hello!");
pw.close();
}
}
The Servlet API
javax.servlet and javax.servlet.http package to handle
Servlet
Interface Description
Servlet Declares life cycle methods for a
servlet.
ServletConfig Allows servlets to get initialization
parameters.
ServletContext Enables servlets to log events and
access information about their
environment.
ServletRequest Used to read data from a client request.
ServletResponse Used to write data to a client response
Interface Description
HttpServletRequest Enables servlets to read data from an
HTTP request
HttpServletResponse Enables servlets to write data to an
HTTP response.
HttpSession Allows session data to be read and
written.
Cookie Allows state information to be stored on
a client
machine.
HttpServlet Provides methods to handle HTTP
requests and
responses
Handling HTTP Requests and Responses
The HttpServlet class provides specialized methods
A servlet developer typically overrides one of these
methods
These methods are -- doDelete( ),
doGet( ),
doOptions( ),
doPost( ),
doPut( ),
doTrace( ).
1. <html>
2. <body>
3. <center>
4. <form name="Form1”
action="http://localhost:8080/servlet/ColorGetServlet">
5. <B>Color:</B>
6. <select name="color" size="1">
7. <option value="Red">Red</option>
8. <option value="Green">Green</option>
9. <option value="Blue">Blue</option>
10. </select>
11. <br><br>
12. <input type=submit value="Submit">
13. </form>
14. </body>
15. </html>
1. import java.io.*;
2. import javax.servlet.*;
3. import javax.servlet.http.*;
4. public class ColorGetServlet extends HttpServlet
5. {
6. public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request,
7. HttpServletResponse response)
8. throws ServletException, IOException {
9. String color = request.getParameter("color");
10. response.setContentType("text/html");
11. PrintWriter pw = response.getWriter();
12. pw.println("<B>The selected color is: ");
13. pw.println(color);
14. pw.close();
15. }
16. }
1. <html>
2. <body>
3. <center>
4. <form name="Form1“ method="post“
action="http://localhost:8080/servlet/ColorPostServlet">
5. <B>Color:</B>
6. <select name="color" size="1">
7. <option value="Red">Red</option>
8. <option value="Green">Green</option>
9. <option value="Blue">Blue</option>
10. </select>
11. <br><br>
12. <input type=submit value="Submit">
13. </form>
14. </body>
15. </html>
1. import java.io.*;
2. import javax.servlet.*;
3. import javax.servlet.http.*;
4. public class ColorPostServlet extends HttpServlet
5. {
6. public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request,
7. HttpServletResponse response)
8. throws ServletException, IOException {
9. String color = request.getParameter("color");
10. response.setContentType("text/html");
11. PrintWriter pw = response.getWriter();
12. pw.println("<B>The selected color is: ");
13. pw.println(color);
14. pw.close();
15. }
16. }
Using Cookies
Small piece of information
Stored by server on client browser
Stores info like date, time, userid, preferences etc.
Using Cookies
<html>
<body>
<center>
<form name="Form1"
method="post"
action="http://localhost:8080/servlet/AddCookieServlet">
<B>Enter a value for MyCookie:</B>
<input type=textbox name="data" size=25 value="">
<input type=submit value="Submit">
</form>
</body>
1. import java.io.*;
2. import javax.servlet.*;
3. import javax.servlet.http.*;
4. public class AddCookieServlet extends HttpServlet
5. {
6. public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request,
7. HttpServletResponse response)
8. throws ServletException, IOException {
9. String data = request.getParameter("data"); // Get parameter from HTTP
request
10. Cookie cookie = new Cookie("MyCookie", data); // Create cookie
11. response.addCookie(cookie); // Add cookie to HTTP response
12. response.setContentType("text/html"); // Write output to browser
13. PrintWriter pw = response.getWriter();
14. pw.println("<B>MyCookie has been set to");
15. pw.println(data);
16. pw.close();
17. }
1. import java.io.*;
2. import javax.servlet.*;
3. import javax.servlet.http.*;
4. public class GetCookiesServlet extends HttpServlet {
5. public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
6. throws ServletException, IOException
7. {
8. Cookie[] cookies = request.getCookies();
9. response.setContentType("text/html");
10. PrintWriter pw = response.getWriter();
11. pw.println("<B>");
12. for(int i = 0; i < cookies.length; i++) {
13. String name = cookies[i].getName();
14. String value = cookies[i].getValue();
15. pw.println("name = " + name +" value = " + value);
16. }
17. pw.close();
18. }
19. }
Session Tracking
HTTP is a stateless protocol
it is necessary to save state information so that information can
be collected from several interactions between a browser and a
Server
Sessions are Solutions
Created using getSession( ) method of HTTPServletRequest
Session Tracking
It Supports,
putValue( )
getValue( )
getValueNames( )
removeValue( )
1. import java.io.*;
2. import java.util.*;
3. import javax.servlet.*;
4. import javax.servlet.http.*;
5. public class DateServlet extends HttpServlet {
6. public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
7. throws ServletException, IOException {
8. HttpSession hs = request.getSession(true);
9. response.setContentType("text/html");
10. PrintWriter pw = response.getWriter();
11. pw.print("<B>");
12. Date date = (Date)hs.getValue("date");
13. if(date != null) {
14. pw.print("Last access: " + date + "<br>");
15. }
16. date = new Date();
17. hs.putValue("date", date);
18. pw.println("Current date: " + date);
19. }
Servlet Redirection
It is based on the status code of headers
Sending instructions to client for redirection
Situations in which redirection is required are
Document moved
Load balancing
randomization
setHeader(“Location=www.google.com”);
Servlet chaining
Generally one servlet is used to create web page
In servlet chaining, contents are created by multiple servlets
Many servlets used in chain format
Request to First Servlet of chain
Responser from last Servlet in chain
Thank you.
Prof. Kautkar Rohit A.(M.Tech)
Assistant Professor,
Computer EngineeringDepartment,
Sandip Institute of Polytechnic, Nashik
Email Id- rohit.kautkar@sipnashik.org
Mobile- +91-7058621533
