Second Semester 2018–2029
Course Handout, Part II
07.01.2019
In addition to Part I (General Handout for all courses appended to the time table), this portion gives further
details about the course.
Course No.: HSS F331
Course Title: Śaṅkara’s Thoughts
Instructor-in-charge: Dr. A. K. Jayesh
Scope and Objective:
The course aims to provide a critical introduction to the core doctrines of Śaṅkara, the seventh-century Indian
Advaita Vedānta philosopher. By systematically engaging with Śaṅkara’s master work the Brahmasūtrabhāṣya,
students will be introduced to the basic concepts of Advaita Vedānta: ātman and jīva; nature, sources, and
validity of knowledge; Brahman and Īśvara; maya and world; bondage and liberation, among others. Students
will be introduced also to the arguments of Śaṅkara’s interlocutors and will be encouraged to appraise the
nature and significance of Śaṅkara’s philosophical project.
Text Book:
Gambhirananda, Swami, trans. 2016. Brahma-Sūtra-Bhāṣya of Śri Śaṅkaracārya. Kolkata: Advaita Ashrama.
Reference Books:
Alston, A. J. ed. and trans. 2004. A Śaṅkara Source Book. 2nd edn. 5 vols. London: Shanti Sadan.
Deutsch, Eliot. 1971. Advaita Vedanta: A Philosophical Reconstruction. Honolulu: University of Hawai‘i Press.
Deutsch, Eliot and J. A. B. van Buitenen, eds. 1971. A Source Book of Advaita Vedānta. Honolulu: University
of Hawai‘i Press.
Grimes, John. 1996. A Concise Dictionary of Indian Philosophy. Rev. edn. Albany: State University of New
York Press.
Gupta, Bina. 1991. Perceiving in Advaita Vedānta: Epistemological Analysis and Interpretation. Lewisburg,
PN: Bucknell University Press.
Jamison, Stephanie W., and Joel P. Brereton, trans. 2014. The Rigveda: The Earliest Religious Poetry of India.
3 vols. New York: Oxford University Press.
Lott, Eric J. 1980. Vedāntic Approaches to God. London: Macmillan.
Mādhavānanda, Swāmī, trans. 1988. The Bṛhadāraṇyaka Upaniṣad: With the Commentary of Śaṅkarācārya.
7th edn. Delhi: Advaita Ashrama.
Mayeda, Sengaku, trans. and ed. 1992. A Thousand Teachings: The Upadeśasāhasrī of Śaṅkara. Albany: State
University of New York Press.
Murty, K. Satchidananda. 1974. Revelation and Reason in Advaita Vedānta. Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass.
Olivelle, Patrick, trans. 1992. Saṃnyāsa Upaniṣads: Hindu Scriptures on Asceticism and Renunciation. New
York: Oxford University Press.
———. 1998. The Early Upaniṣads. New York: Oxford University Press.
Perrett, Roy W. 2016. An Introduction to Indian Philosophy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Potter, Karl H., ed. 1981. Encyclopedia of Indian Philosophies. Vol. 3, Advaita Vedānta up to Śaṃkara and His
Pupils. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
———. 2006. Encyclopedia of Indian Philosophies. Vol. 11, Advaita Vedānta from 800 to 1200. Delhi: Motilal
Banarsidass.
Prabhavananda, Swami, trans. 1970. Shankara’s Crest Jewel of Discrimination. New York: Mentor.
Sarma, Deepak, ed. 2011. Classical Indian Philosophy: A Reader. New York: Columbia University Press.
Thibaut, George, trans. 1962. The Vedanta Sutras of Badarayana with the Commentary by Sankara. New York:
Dover.
In addition to the sources mentioned above, students will be required to go through a number of articles made
available at various points in the course.
Course Plan:
Lecture Learning Objectives Topics to be
Chapter in the Text Book
Number Covered
1 Understand the nature of the subject What is philosophy? Lecture
2–12 Understand, analyse, and evaluate the notion Brahman; origin; TB: Ch. 1.
of reconciliation through proper scripture as a source
interpretation of knowledge; the
first cause; known
entity; infinite;
immutable; inferred
entity; causality;
material cause;
master explanation.
13–22 Understand, analyse, and appraise the notion Conflict with smṛti; TB: Ch. 2.
of non-contradiction difference in nature;
Brahman and
becoming; creation
without materials;
transformation;
powers; motive;
negations; origin of
Brahman; order of
dissolution; mind
and intellect; birth
and death; soul;
prāṇas.
23–32 Understand, analyse, and evaluate the notion Departure from the TB: Ch. 3.
of spiritual practice body; the nature of
Brahman;
unconditioned
Brahman and soul;
Brahman one
without a second;
fruits of action;
attributes of
Brahman; qualified
Brahman;
conceptions of the
immutable; inmost
self; the self distinct
from body; fruition
of knowledge;
liberation.
33–42 Understand, analyse, and appraise the notion Identity of the self TB: Ch. 4.
of result with Brahman;
symbols;
superimposition;
active merit and
demerit; death;
merger and
absorption; path to
Brahman;
conditioned
Brahman;
knowledge and
results of actions;
knower of Brahman;
nature of freedom;
liberated soul and
Brahman;
characteristics of the
liberated soul;
fulfilment of desire
through will;
powers.
Evaluation Scheme: (100 marks)
Component Duration Weighting (in Date and Time Nature of
%) Component
Assignment 1 NA 15 TBA OB
Mid-Semester 90 Minutes 30 CB
14/3
1.30 -3.00 PM
Assignment 2 NA 15 TBA OB
Comprehensive Exam 3 Hours 40 09/05 FN CB
Chamber Consultation Hours: To be announced in the class.
Notices: Notices, if any, will be displayed on the CMS.
Make-up Policy: Make-up component will be allowed provided there is credible documentary evidence to
prove the authenticity of the case.
Academic Honesty and Integrity Policy: Academic honesty and integrity are to be maintained by all students
throughout the semester and no type of academic dishonesty is acceptable.
Instructor-in-charge
