“POVERTY:CAUSES AND EFFECTS OF THE ACADEMIC STATUS
FOR THE YOUNG LEARNERS”
LEADER:
CORAÑEZ,ROBIN AL
MEMBERS:
BELGRADO,PAMELA YVONNE
CAFRANCA,PRINCESS JOY
GONZALES,MARIA ANGELICA
JOAQUIN,EDDIELYN
PARAGAT,GLEAH DEN
Chapter 1
The Problem and its Background
Over the past few years, poverty is still a problem because of the low wages of workers
who still have no education even though there is free education. But still not enough because of the
amount of daily cost and less to support their needs and lack of finances so most of them are
losing their admission and are more likely to work and go to a crime at a young age but as our
population grows down the chance of getting up or helping themselves to lift in life but they cannot
do it because they have been used to riding the streets and also because of the difficulty of
increasing the number of dwellings in the states so they cannot afford to land because of its tax
rate, so many Filipinos get sick because of dirty habitation and neglect so it is one of the illnesses
of young students. Poverty places people at a disadvantages that is not only environmental but
also physical it affects people’s health most are blind to being able to think straight for them
because they think that their lives are really poor, but why do they endure if there is a solution?
They prefer the easy way to make money fast and do not suffer or thy to lift their life and they grew
tough and harder than ever to work but prefer to be ads then instead of encouraging their children
to study they are not doing because of their being poor. But despite the free education for those
who wants to study they do not strive to achieve their dreams and get out of trouble and there are
also other difficulties in life but still strive to learn and to graduate and meet their needs. children
often and up learning because of family problem with parental separation and reflecting their child
so goes to the wrong path poverty in our country is experienced nationwide among the group of
urban and rural people. it is about what needed for more survival and should therefore provide
enough food,clothes,shelter,education,health,and personal care.
With all of our efforts and patience, we choose this topic because we want everyone us to
know the worth and value of life, because we can achieve progress on our country if we are all
together. And for all the young learners who have a dream, help them achieve their dreams in life
through education
Statement of the Problem
One of the biggest issue of our country from the past until now is poverty. Many of poor
fellow Filipinos face this issue. Whether us or the government admit that we want to find the
solution?
It aims to answers these following specific questions entitled
“POVERTY: CAUSES AND EFFECTS OF THE ACADEMIC STATUS FOR THE YOUNG
LEARNERS
1. What are the effects of poverty in education?
2. What kind of programs that government has to control poverty? Who will benefits?
3. What can we do to break away from poverty?
4. What is the reason behind poverty as a biggest problem in the Philippines?
5. How poverty can affect the academic status of the young learners?
Significance of the study
The following are the people who will benefit the study of our research entitled Poverty: “Causes
and effects of the academic status for the young learners”
Students: This research will give benefits to the students because they will find the importance of
education and to motivate themselves to study harder for their future.
Parents: parents will also benefits our research because they will know that how important the
education in our life to reach our goals through with it and they will see how can everyone escape
poverty because of education.
Teachers: Teachers also benefits our research because they will inspire to teach more to the
students who wants to break away from poverty and to be more productive.
Scope and delimitations
This investigation is conducted to determine the causes and an effect of poverty to the
academic status of the young learners this research we made is for the people who experience
poverty, over the Philippine islands Luzon,visayas and Mindanao and also for all young learners
who wants to escape poverty and somehow assists by education. On the grade 11 and grade 12
students of year 2018-2019 of Montessori Professional College of Asia. And for those Filipinos and
students suffering poverty. The aspects we are looking into are the effects and impacts of students
suffering poverty because of lack of education.
Chapter 1
Introduction
One of the biggest issue of our country from the past until now is poverty. Many of poor
fellow Filipinos face this issue. Whether us or the government admit that we want to find the
solution?
Let’s clear the understanding of poverty. According to Merriam Webster Dictionary, poverty
means “state of being nothing”. While the Economic Guide for Filipinos tells that poverty means
“low quality of life”. And according to Richard M. Hodges said that poverty is a condition in which
people can’t afford financial life needs. In overall there are a lot of meanings of poverty but it just
depends on how people think?
Poverty is the scarcity or the lack of certain amount of materials possessions or money
which may include social, economic and political elements it refers to the means necessary to meet
basic personal needs such as food clothing and shelter and everyday income
As of now poverty is one of the biggest problem in our country for the past 10years until
now. Based on SWS survey Social Weather Stations the result of the survey as of June 27-30
2018 48% (est. 11.1 million) of the families considering themselves as mahirap or poor. Almost half
of the Filipino citizen said that they experienced poverty,one of the reason why is lack of monthly
home expenses,foodpoverty,primary basic needs and lack of education.
Some of the young learners are already working at the young age to help themselves to
the schools expenses and everyday basic needs.
Chapter 2
Review of Related Literature
2.1 Local literature
The Philippines is a country located in Southeast Asia comprised of more than 7,000
islands. Poverty has proven to be one of the most significant challenges facing this country and its
citizens. Filipinos are having a hard time surviving in such difficult conditions, and more and more
are falling into extreme poverty.
According to the Asian Development Bank, the major causes of poverty include: low economic
growth, a weak agricultural sector, increased population rates and a high volume of inequality.
Because of these factors, there are a lot of effects of poverty in the Philippines that make it difficult
for people to live in such circumstances.
As governments, aid workers and activists search for solutions to the urgent problem of
widespread poverty and seek to combat its many negative effects, there is a need to identify the
causes of poverty in order to create sustainable change. Understanding what causes global
poverty is a crucial part of the process of devising and implementing effective solutions.
Similarly, other jobs that are developed are not only of low quality, but of low existence as well, as
too much of the population is unemployed. The job market simply cannot support the
Philippines’ population growth. Large families cannot be supported by most salaries.
The impoverished also lack access to the tools and technology that the wealthier citizens utilize.
This leads to illiteracy and limited roles for both men and women, who can complete a single
function and rely only on this skill for their entire well being. For example, farmers often lack
a much needed business sense, while women can only be relied on for family duties and possibly
some marketing of their family’s trade.
Despite the country’s current condition, the Philippines look forward to further continuing their hunt
for a lower poverty rate. Their leaders hope that no other natural disasters will set them back on
this quest, and that the gap between rich and poor will be bridged.
According to THE BORGEN PROJECT(The Blog) The report indicated that the Autonomous
Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM) ranked as the worst national region with poverty levels in its
provinces ranging from 42 percent to 47 percent. The region with the lowest incidences of poverty
was the National Capital Region (NCR), averaging around 3.9 percent.
2.2 Foreign Literature
According to the NSCB, poverty rates are well above 40 percent in 15 provinces and one city
(Catabato City is chartered and therefore not a part of a province).
The poorest province, Lanao del Sur, registered 68.9 percent poverty levels. The province with the
lowest rate was the 2nd District of the NCR with 3.1 percent. The capital city of Manila, located in
the 1st District of the NCR, had a 3.8 percent poverty rate.
In an attempt to combat the intergenerational transmission of poverty, the Philippine government
began implementing a grant program for the country’s poorest in 2008.
Conditional Cash Transfers (CCT), funded by the World Bank, are intended to meet short term
consumption needs. CCT is given to young children for attending school; to pregnant women to
help them with pre-natal care and to families who get their health checked regularly. Despite
meeting one goal of keeping children in school, many now believe that the CCT program is not
doing enough.
Currently, the bottom 20 percent of the country’s earners make up six percent of the country’s total
income. The top 20 percent bring in 50 percent of the total income. Based on the findings of the
NSCB’s study, CCT has not been able to significantly improve this income inequality.
The CCT budget for the first semester of 2012 accounted for only a quarter of the amount needed
to eradicate poverty in the Philippines. The NSCB estimates that P79.8 billion ($1.86 billion) was
needed for the first half of 2012, but the budget for the whole year was only P39.4 billion ($92
million).
The government responded to the NSCB report by stating that it would begin monitoring poverty
trends more closely through an annual survey instead of waiting every three years to do so.
It is not immediately known why extreme poverty in the Philippines has failed to show
improvement. Regardless of the cause, it is evident that more has to be done to improve the lives
of the country’s poorest.
2.3 Local Study
According to Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA) releases today the multidimensional
poverty statistics based on an initial methodology . It is called the multidimensional poverty index
(MPI) and serves to complement the income-based measure of poverty. The MPI is a measure
that intends to capture deprivations on various dimensions. Thus, the MPI provides information on
which dimension the Filipinos are most deprived in. In the initial methodology, there are 13
indicators identified across the following four dimensions:
I. Education dimension III. Housing, Water and Sanitation
• school attendance dimension
• educational attainment • ownership of assets
• toilet facility
• source of water supply
• tenure status of dwelling
• housing materials
• electricity
II. Health and Nutrition IV. Employment dimension
dimension • underemployment
• hunger • working children not in school
• food consumption
• health insurance
Share of Each Dimension to MPI2
The Education dimension had the largest share or contribution to overall deprivation (MPI) at 36.5
percent and 36.9 percent in 2016 and 2017, respectively. The Health and Nutrition dimension
comes next with a contribution of 26.2 percent in 2016 and 27.5 percent in 2017.The share of
Housing, Water and Sanitation to MPI was 26.4 percent in 2016 and 27.4 percent in
2017. Employment dimension, on the other hand, had the least share to MPI.
1 The Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA), in consultation with its Inter-Agency Committee on
Poverty Statistics, developed an initial methodology for estimating the multidimensional poverty
index based on the Alkire and Foster methodology. Recognizing that the MPI indicators are crucial
to inform policy and planning, PSA intends to collect more relevant information as inputs to further
enhance the MPI methodology and consult with stakeholders to come up with an official
methodology to be recommended to the PSA Executive Board for approval.
2 Refers to the contribution of dimension to multidimensional poverty
Incidence of Deprivation among Families per Indicator
Among the 13 indicators, educational attainment consistently had the highest incidence of
deprivation among families for 2016 and 2017 at 59.3 percent and 49.4 percent, respectively.
These mean that 6 out of 10 families in 2016 and 5 out of 10 families in 2017 were deprived of
basic education; that is, 6 out of 10 families had at least one family member aged 18 years old and
above who did not complete basic education in 2016 and 5 out of 10 in 2017. Conversely, hunger
had the least incidence at 0.3 percent and 0.6 percent in 2016 and 2017, respectively.
In 2017, the following indicators had the highest incidence of deprivation among families for the
other dimensions:
Indicator Dimension
Health insurance at 32.1 percent Health and nutrition
Ownership of assets at 34.3 percent Housing, water and sanitation
Underemployment at 6.6 percent Employment
It must be noted, though, that there was an increase in incidence of deprivation from 2016 to 2017
in the following indicators and dimensions:
Indicator Dimension
Tenure status of dwelling Housing, water and sanitation
Hunger Health and nutrition
2.4 Foreign Study
According to International Institure for the environment and Development (2011) The scale and
depth of poverty is underestimated by most governments and international agencies, and this helps
underpin ineffective policies. This is made worse by the lack of voice for low-income urban dwellers
and their lack of influence within governments and aid agencies.
We are living in what is often described as the "urban century" – most of the world's economy and
more than half its population are now in urban areas. The world continues to urbanise – and most
of the growth in the world's population is in urban areas in low- and middle-income countries.
Around a billion urban dwellers live in informal settlements, most of which are affected by:
Poor quality, overcrowded housing
Risk of forceful eviction
Lack of safe, readily available, water supplies
Poor provision for sanitation, drainage and solid waste collection
Lack of access to healthcare, emergency services and policing
Difficulty accessing government schools, and
Locations at high risk of disasters and with risk levels increasing because of climate change.
Most definitions and measurements of poverty take none of the above into consideration, as they
are based only on income-levels. And income-based poverty lines are usually set too low in
relation to the costs of food and non-food needs for urban populations.
