String GNU grep BRE (grep) ERE (egrep) Perl Python

. any character any character except \0 any character except \n

[...] bracket expression character class
\(re\) subexpression
re\{...\} re multiple times
(re) subexpression grouping
re{...} re multiple times re multiple times
re{...}? nongreedy {}
\digit back-reference
^ start of line
$ end of line
re? re 0 or 1 times
re* re 0 or more times
re+ re one or more times
l|r l or r
*? non-greedy *
+? non-greedy +
?? non-greedy ?
\A start of string
\b either end of word either end of word
\B not either end of word not either end of word
\C any octet
\d digit
\D non-digit
\G at pos()
\p{property} Unicode property
\P{property} not Unicode property
\s whitespace
\S non-whitespace
\w alphanumeric alphanumeric and _
\W not alphanumeric not alphanumeric or _
\X combining sequence
\Z end of string/last line end of string
\z end of string
\< start of word
\> end of word
re\? re 0 or 1
re\+ re 1 or more
l\|r l or r
(?#text) comment, ignored
(?modifiers) embedded modifiers
shy grouping +
(?modifiers:re)
modifiers
 (?:re) shy grouping
(?=re) lookahead
(?!re) negative lookahead
(?<=p) lookbehind
(?<!o) negative lookbehind
(??{code}) embedded perl
independent
(?>re)
expression
(?(cond)re|re) condition expression
(?P<name>re) symbolic grouping
(?P=name) symbolic backref
[:alnum:] alphanumeric characters
[:alpha:] alphabetic characters
[:blank:] blank characters (space, tab)
[:cntrl:] control characters
[:digit:] digits
[:graph:] graphical characters (alphanumeric and punctuation)
[:lower:] lowercase characters
[:print:] printable characters (alphanumeric, punctuation, and space)
[:space:] space characters (tab, newline, vertical tab, form feed, carriage return, space)
[:upper:] uppercase letters