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Semiconductor Lasers Applications

The document discusses the history and applications of semiconductor lasers. It describes how Theodore Maiman built the first laser in 1960 using a ruby crystal excited by a flash lamp. Semiconductor lasers were later developed and have three key advantages: their small size allows integration with computer chips, they are economical for mass production, and can operate at low power and high efficiency across a wide wavelength range. The document outlines many applications of semiconductor lasers including optical communications, medicine, industry, military uses, commerce, science, and entertainment.

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Hamed Baghban
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310 views15 pages

Semiconductor Lasers Applications

The document discusses the history and applications of semiconductor lasers. It describes how Theodore Maiman built the first laser in 1960 using a ruby crystal excited by a flash lamp. Semiconductor lasers were later developed and have three key advantages: their small size allows integration with computer chips, they are economical for mass production, and can operate at low power and high efficiency across a wide wavelength range. The document outlines many applications of semiconductor lasers including optical communications, medicine, industry, military uses, commerce, science, and entertainment.

Uploaded by

Hamed Baghban
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Semiconductor Lasers

Applications

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Outline

• History of lasers
• How does a laser work
• Gain, feedback and waveguide of a semiconductor laser

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LASER History

Theodore Maiman
Hughes Research Laboratories, 1960

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100% reflecting mirror

95% reflecting mirror What Maiman had built:


He applied high voltage electricity to flash lamp to
radiate intense light burst to excite some of Ruby atoms
to higher energy levels.
Then, due to stimulated emission and travel of photons
back and forth, an emission was observed.

Power supply

Flash lamp

Ruby crystal Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission Radiation

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fast decay

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pump and laser transition wavelength in Ruby laser

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Three phases of Lasers

Solid State laser Gas laser Liquid laser

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Applications

• Optical communications

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Applications

• Medical applications (retina surgery, bloodless blades, removing tumors, …)

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Applications

• Industrial applications (laser cutting, welding, …)

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Applications

• Military applications (target designation and ranging, directed energy weapons, … )

R. Maram 11
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Applications

• Commercial applications (barcode readers, laser scanners, holography, …)

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Applications

• Scientific researches (spectroscopy, nuclear fusion, …)

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Applications

• Entertainment (lighting displays, digital cinema projectors, tags, …)

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We are mainly interested in solid state ‘Semiconductor lasers’ because:

• Small size and integration capability with CMOS technology


• Economically beneficial for mass production
• Low-power and high-efficiency
• Wide wavelength range (very important)

smaller “pits” (shorter wavelength)


store more information

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