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Gold Writing Reference2

This document discusses contrasting conjunctions and expressions in English. It provides examples of how to use "but", "however", "although", "even though", and "though" to introduce contrasting ideas. It also discusses the use of "whereas" and "while" to compare two things and show how they are different. Finally, it examines expressions like "in spite of", "despite", "in fact", "on the one hand...on the other hand", and "otherwise" and how they are used to contrast or qualify statements.

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David Roy Jagroski
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72 views1 page

Gold Writing Reference2

This document discusses contrasting conjunctions and expressions in English. It provides examples of how to use "but", "however", "although", "even though", and "though" to introduce contrasting ideas. It also discusses the use of "whereas" and "while" to compare two things and show how they are different. Finally, it examines expressions like "in spite of", "despite", "in fact", "on the one hand...on the other hand", and "otherwise" and how they are used to contrast or qualify statements.

Uploaded by

David Roy Jagroski
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1.

6 Contrast
but
But links two contrasting ideas. It is not normally used at the beginning of the sentence.
Many people argue that TV is bad for you, but I disagree with this.

however
 owever can come at the beginning or end of a sentence. It must be separated off by
H
commas.
The advert claimed that there were huge discounts for students. However, the discount was
only five percent.
I love travelling. I don’t enjoy long flights, however.

although, even though, though


These expressions introduce a subordinate clause of contrast. If the subordinate clause
comes first, it is separated from the main clause by a comma.
Although he practised every day, he didn’t manage to improve.
I walked home even though it took me two hours.
NOTE though can be used after a comma at the end of a separate sentence that
expresses something surprising.
We lived in the middle of a city. We still had a large garden, though.

whereas, while
• Whereas and while are used to compare two things and show how they are different.
She likes football whereas I prefer tennis.
My sister is very like my father, while I take after my mother.
• While is also used in the same way as although.
 While computers are important, we shouldn’t let them rule our lives.

in spite of (the fact that), despite (the fact that)


T hese expressions must be followed by a noun or -ing form. Despite is slightly more
formal than in spite of.
In spite of the fact that they are expensive, many people want to buy designer clothes.
Despite all the research that has been done, we still haven’t found a cure for cancer.

in fact, the fact of the matter is


T his is used when you are saying what the ‘real’ truth of a situation is.
According to the brochure, the service is free for students. In fact, students are charged at the
same rate as everyone else.

On (the) one hand … On the other hand …


T hese expressions are used to introduce opposite points in a discussion.
(On the one hand,) if I take the job in Milan, I’ll be able to go to the opera. On the other
hand, if I take the job in Barcelona, I’ll be able to go to the beach.

otherwise
T his is used to say what will happen if something else does not happen first.
You have to choose your holiday carefully. Otherwise, you could be disappointed.

Writing reference (Paper 2) 181

Z03_GOLD_CB_FCEGLB_9359_WREF.indd 181 09/12/2011 15:02

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