—_ SSesseeessH TTS SSEEHE SELES ETESESSS Omastrewn RN. (2 tts, sk 1 Z 2) THE FUNCTIONS OF THINGS {A philosophical perspective on material culture Bah Pron Introduction common conceal amano or sing mater eure comie incon undo ma spe a hr the fm he dng — the alo whch de ad the sp ha tera been nc (Ske Second thew the ncn th ig = he pec we fa i (Cinder, or he wero wh put Oe chances fest ‘ibe cued ude one or he the te Beng xml gut Ste meatremens on cout nde frm, and telson 1 oe ‘tic the laorship between prs pope or eons) der Sn the Alkough fem a mote eny seerambl, ancton bof pce ‘mcs hud ec 3 en pon fon Ferwceh ‘helo afte bg ie Btaou f eprgle wh male and we Simon 198 she 197,199), Fee acl, hn neo he (tps ees dechering te ews and bem of og of ried falar, die he fmsom of te move dare cng hey Whit tem Hove hs ep nario ia and one fhe maj eo hits no ao ek The toi eee om ad con tn tem Foray non sbesly peced. dere 2 mule aris camp ou for camp neon phn may be accomplished by Ine of tah cdo a oder pc ub ad ech of ae. [Gactan ake mateo en ema, On te ie ada par “Surf may seve equly wel forte coying oot of more dan one fac For comple Hod (1985 6) dacanes on Age at wih + Tred, come frm The fn there en reset cola ne ‘Shel nclade combing human, poomag te mane of hos, ten ‘Shing eon on poe sing sl esr Tony fo ‘Sur mer hanno ier decom ae Eau with pe ov cont count on ering he fncton Eby om he fm ale, {Ne frm fom he fron Of coune tere ae ater kink of cece (oct can doe nrc such ve wea a the erate 2 Unni ae 3) nedann Relioge Tommgorary Gnction smi atic But die a ae esl ‘SESS a ees and al he he own ore faecal On te ‘Sher you an ati oe neces hs some er ce ‘Fee Eden wp tng he mon comedy see enc fein tho And ua pupae + one excued ‘ica. TF ecm cub wi che em-tn mlaontp ied on 2 nds bu open Bde of igo fo charge they rie Fam ee agetet ove the exo whith be tao “fed fm whe teeas to ncon aut be encore ee Sn eae ny of oig artaclgy (Cpl 192) And ten ‘hue me dnyreenens ee fw fcionsbons eto be mae eh ‘SS suming they ae tobe made at al An mporone comple w te eng ie wo wheter alge te ncwom of eis a ‘ebb maa ahs con be ego wo rth the ftom = {lew frm peru oan 0 wt event and with wh ans {Goa 98 Son 142 Bet 988), ‘Rerun cern thes dts sou wher now ai ncn cn be men aol wll aed concent on Wt ‘ibe ogcel a wee ba of quinone Wha i in Cn How do fanctan ge tide be Bo pice and ow ey ‘Sle? Ave ewe cat no fina 5, wht ar he base ‘tanta no wich thy GE The ae plophil gear tow ‘Fetter scion in geet The mnie Sr eerie hse ing ol as itn ote ch tenon en ati Bete op tay nuly he bon wth the moe preg tie quo ow fon nbn Ba he spe the finan ques aye porn means he elo a eine nate of atone baw faneon eno oe fetibae tems of mse at pa or poem Scone J eset maby hw ben very bey over eat ede br ‘oe beae couched ts of ter cen ne es Bess Upvled wo bis oman of fanciomly ep ann deol The ox ‘ret wrter don sx Meee Sin be Paley nf Atay {098 "Bor nce ber ected om pbs » comieie 222 boty penpals on action seen greed SO ficume stipe renee fin erp) scorpion. wl fis decrbet conepone of ion caret me pix ied tere Tse har bee ie! tral conesyoon Se they prope que dita nevsage of what tor someting ae 3 incon But {wi hots ct complenentay conc Spey Eo ofthe ae aed eer t ser the neo Ft tienen eae? The co seco othe ‘Niel aban hs Gm deving 08 caramel example of theSee eee ESHEETS TEETH SEES ERECTED sadam mui ue the US fee a seo. a he ea ‘Stone sae pos 0 th a covcepn of Bncon ‘Two pilorophical conceptions of function Ime in fron fame among pilophes of nog sying (orp tc aces of tripe cs Sensei Wem Incr apo mina by he es ato ee mening {0's mena reper co what Fanon the ‘omen of be ogni, Hower te cm ety mae = oh tec abnited “th th mang encepon clon apy ene aan pa see ee ono fasion lo epg toe he tn poten a bent ‘Sent ne perma ach it 1 ng co ath. Fesomanc wh scien sven, The dai rage the wha sao o custo abo mks chaotic Pose ‘arg fo mae clue poche foe sing ad Feling up ad bo whch ao mes race oe when ppd ot Sock apie one ae Ave concen of acaon ough 0 ei (gut de cisizng ncn fi the se, wih an tere pote both eros wa age ‘nm Weihe 973) propre cout onion dese do at tht The aerount ha se eon pene! ty he ve concours fe ton whch te yes mateo coon Homee hey walle beer teckanod aie: he bcnpowed of Wop scout The ctl eth pesormunee hich esha acon mt BeBe 1 ‘Bec ors wy ng the the ex pr tay ‘Seatac or nip ea whee Spoil Wei propo es fesomance Xe anon feng aan nly (1) ee ‘Rein dos Xan the peormnce Xt ot of be te ame thg a ata alc tee acon he ed ‘he glia dhe parma hols be unsertod a omc he ‘hing hate spucy or the dove © dn Weight coun eh ee tert cate Spice option of 1 ng pester cea ‘um a the Har of ay or eso whe aan wy the Sing here 2a Rearing to ur eas cet at hs Ss ae ‘be pte of pking ut te ton, we rlegsing wept {ob Fon he pt af ew afin hehe et ee they eae Be ot cs hey go ppt Sry poo ee ‘che they pod fr nding nox Deca of he ne ey mae ‘shen sk or doped. Homes Weg aroun rises sone ote oh {eens the poe of ig hi dn concepts ‘i fnton ne be penne ou of Wh gone ‘The pem wa dag by Robert Cami (157) He pied cut at th ren cps be dspnon of ng en ned Gi ef beep uci wack ced cr aac rt Bx oe tac br which age se wel fr aating ee etc A good eames ‘Sep hum ue nous by Ses fy Gul (38), Opel = Sretene,unb' wel y an oar thing mock 2 us ‘Sy tthe fe of Hed he wins ce ge tun crd tera rons ny robs pee tno sor fo lg The we ny ch ain aera we Cnt etn dhe pote ee = ge epson mae y ‘cl ayo oles Dono fon se pec nner hr we Aral ns woul nce common Sue {heal ol ew ava ing te ae fa spoon elope cas nk ink bole Bot eve cong aches i epnbl pn, aad 6 oa tae ae eo, cet pty OF poson mi inf explant the hing where toned ‘Et conus mnt enough lathe ee af th soc thi am een lp epi My nthe ook nd ee meme ‘hough # nui ea why beng ape he i of ecco tn) Bn rope af se is pet fan expan ey te tng Se Wright conor 9 sara i tony tone per uno wh o cunt fr Gs ting te me ey hi fancone | ‘Cami’ etc rot 3 hse hot of common ertemoss whch we do italy tk of fe core con at ‘hcg Ie ose Casas propos» ery alee concep of ‘hare aves ncn conception I al cl pee inc The Tal hee bi cio abe eer ye (Gq or doesn to pir peel nthe ome f+ ese ‘phon Aen in tas dened scan of cnpenes ‘iemng ey wy he oe perma oe em nc undenoodand ainda tense penne afte corp) stom! Son fy i et ees Seo someting ou ok Tee lao, be eat cae pence (or Seaton vo esc wna he ebetang te Teen in cre ee MWg the a the cto pumping oad Decne th» Seine ces en Bat mph ay wel ead Oe hey Econ af making none, ce thle hese ned ye {Wor ota 0 dee snd apron bat poles Sey feo acum age hat poner ae dhe son of ring 3g (Ge burbs toon mest so nbs 6 tem» aemag Fintan ots oe fk ma tain whic pm of oon {wed a dpe very con ould rumen On hePeeeed vo vcssvcecvvvevvevererrr~----> arn th con wou eg nie pon mak whe qe Soped as tmcion Wg bese the on xe. Se sere rtd Cann tec ve ble ‘dng oem nw mney en le ee em laa a i co min oe Sat kn Tas Ha lw fin pee su oe Bane nc of bh ged srs Ee of tal SEAT Tecate pty even ead se ayo aang ty ian eo cnn eee Se ae ton in new orl sti gl (Str sor con ee nats ring od 2 pen Wd ad cnt Ga ato oc son 2 oa OCH renee south wasn nde ey Bee one Neon pel ees dionton ode cen oo EASTER ents op fo po et We as a prs ed tn fon als on eS ecm eer ee wo rte wh + ing TCTs lim ur nde prt pol on ce ear element ths anon im FOE Tid eee metho tncn oh male of er ove campe he ced at eer pe ccrng od yt Bs oe a k= cee rss nce eer dcp the pion gt see ip a pom gs ow x ane) dy he he St anv poke he se ques of 3 et SE ted mot he fm, iro of PEP te ce ce pe oon we mae ry wel eas unt wick ey py So nthe 1 ma OTE tc lhe soncecdeahet, won oop a iat ar ang dos wr oot 8 SSESIAAS fn jaz mt te tw pris Bethe Wg seit cn cpr dn aon A cy or epaon er Shears sx rae go mesic ore am Se apes nfl pono ey Spoon be celta ang soa omone crt can epee 6 Ee oe te mms = mx bese one ds ot to ic tment bec t nob» ne Sens dpe! perm. RE tgs (8,19 popes 3 encion of cnet ri hea eon pln” Te cena nls | Ae Wa aes a cn me be cel aoe ee nc ean ny eng» tex MAB “SOG Ue mr ber enmtnialpow modo he tila notin of ston itr Ia he ce af tng ona the aoe adhe anesnnay Hy edited by tal eon (he cu of cyupient Ie pars se ec ty zt or comtunty of So someting ba 9 er muce » pope cean wet haben pode Fe ee kd ana mot perormenceand which SEIS otal pesely te of pearing So te POPE Fee ir es Geel Mond oc orks mae, bce 8 ie shiney concert a | a ay cng Mond hat sacra hes bpd da Tem ne an pede sind equiped feng dows 1 che ert ies. he pope icon of sons eed sing ching pnd uc ome moe sen vf cel re lsc bral ee pan coped et new eengan.— ee tngoant fierce bee Mion acount sd se oF sos Sigh and Commons he oe ent pct o epston ‘Piety ee pecan of nchon a ony pt ams SESS cep ey fw) acer wh rue, Bt SSOP ST Minion ws ahans «Node soon of martin. THe fe nas nga ron de wt ie me Se eet bern ax jo en couth wo serve ad tine Ts we ithe ng re wo ee ere oA Lee mg fe dened oon ke, x ines arescog Kau to pri im heel wy bebe Mm caste oer incon fori scenon cn BEE ‘etic oyster of er ee dos ese “Ren kana, pope tcaon ce in > og ee. Caan at ac edscnone ach ll members of onto cu of) Ri Sa pet ccna of rbot poe. Teena emcen iw wheh ch tg pps a ee set Maras Serecnn) reagan bey ce te pe oo ee a pevaemance af te oper ncn). oper ncn i ce tal anienantog er tormune socio gOHP of eo smn wich goers ee perme ~ and come ee cela dancers sod haya prc ot ‘Sin Carman? oot of sem farce, om he oer an creer Tau on rcs dung bet dor dp it sae come ng havoc onal cae cual nose chon wih repel oti ato Soret yc Bu save» lee enh PR OUING rer bow consent le ny be and sepren of whe aie Se apes cer ed sch oe ble pen uncon © ‘Titel ford ensuing te poral pci ad tal ptr See bl dung ae te fbr group aon an mans beens nxn gomporel onerpene RNOCS CHC REET E EST ECE SECT TET TTT TET T EE Cee ee ETTEEEIETIETE I SIIDEIEIIIIEIEEIEEISEESEEEEEEEEE {he Ln mono f thai, wih pee tence to shu ane Th Mas concpion of anon so ers oo both Weg at Camm in sober aan eget oc Wh perme count SS finapys co oe wach whet ptrmed by actos, wee uy ‘Somme or te esence of the eter under conden Ts lan rjc the stg here the tre’ hich etd (yb Weigh and Camu Ape non eormae whch Scour the eaten of mcg bo ot hese fort etn. This mr conse waste Hes dh he tery odin easing fey mate los nay be Spel om the svrosmene x nach hse face operat by comet erat fre, he ecto ior eanot cont rw hn we Seton ior coun for We “aa ar hd ower ese and he he pope foe hy Jive br oct yi grog ins renown Ask To matte hen Wight conepon of fncion tans out «© be is mee si etry eptaing ow hing ot hee 2d Uhr thecne cpacy or pont of ting al cron Ba ey {Sno ae doo ln ef into, the ing oe a0 ee (fe. she cae med y Commi de ng a ifm py ot (peste tha wht woud te expected onthe Ease oc a sry So ‘Ses a conct concn of feos mat eae dp te irc “Sons it depend entre on caret acy dps em {Ektbnt ort tu op conadenons of er poco dapxon folded entiny onthe leon hoy oper ancon Bats ee ‘Sener fhe soir ites re ton we hae boo no, ‘Shc cin dow low Ge yb no of aluncton een ‘Songs faci doe ated se hes norma mater Proper ne ovo oo aw fr eel co hing count fncions een ‘Roughnaaay oom hae oe of ch pean oe a ‘Sarthe ofacion So wt or tino thet? “Toul wy of unending ha sono ake the cance snout soup compets Thi nerpcton encouraged ty (he rth now ees pesto and yen acon eee A "fone ine the kc resin Ree crying om ops i {Tt slo Eling fetal wee clr oreo ‘prem topcase appear gem fron snd proper fncone “Rngeng onegoon f the nc ary phenomena dat eae, the Fern Gad our wich one o tem ton thet tack, an oh {or pty, aj ar eo) al al the remaining cies ae (usted On ee ther an te sgn uber of ess whee ey Ao not since the hy are ere soon co-op 2 msc ‘Serato onan ges eeu of es ‘Sen Pere te wo conapnsof ntin ncxe ta e eely feo dhe ta ving das fate heeomens Ue ht ‘Sontinenry and pj nm clo bk of hm in ne Ta, ord nepeiton a to ew ssc by Rach Mak (989), who Toes ta te gnee fr te to Cntr of Scion ae gute Men stunt nd pet cen espa. th each of te ‘Secor appa en mode elmo” Spm ic ‘he les nl erp by fa scmpeion, res proper ‘it nd i epi tre fen orn th et {Sin Tl apport sh part pc on te rum the {edi comepoot of fcion nf cnespnd oto dt fg of plensans tril care Caneel we eed oth ‘een i smpemeny ls er 0 sneha finen til eare Function in enteral. Thee thr se cot ptt con fn Ma Se (980-0 Sreng epee ch be ‘at echt ecto nd Weanio The tone ‘Seep cao ting cher pests ple och wc at treetops seed fom Te etme of hing taethe maato ees e So pea ey cham ae te afin ee yctng more ab en, alos bee Sh camp se opel hare wir oo indsng he ‘upto sons so bola aor in ie ch WN We ‘Sates matonyn ote pore or tory oi one. ‘Shute pep cash aes sconce pe of ie conten re wht ld of pepo they enborThe cation of Scans in tn of the Gt eee proper fon and ptm {Emu bt ced ele ST tan oe he ‘Seed cucnon Raber crm dar he ne ts 2 ‘te ne hr leaving wht igh be il ong ‘Cee ota Fence nga em ef he cur fSudtons wach exbli hem.tn he ee sem cn, tee ew St conn oa ot crea ea eran ng wth ‘the taps Int exe per cb, ty ea oneal eh mv ig wi cer sf A ie ul ons Seindkpedc ofthe pes some fe eon Aes eomparn wce he to nion hemes ay abt athe pushy Foc concaptin af owe at ery cn in lol: Paper icon we decree thw ed owe laa, seemed ough mal clue, Bo ay em of cre 2 pope ass wha tags of pics an epeions, Pi rc is mle, us whe pct ad pense ee snare te pope ton Fo sxe + Bek ht oe thn np, tn genet pro sane ag alton fo ce ta the ‘Gout and spstion not equ fr s paper Ron Sales el tie ar aw: The veuited rer proper nc ce li elo which ae cape) sea ey ho re tho ppt incon Smits pan ae cae tg he ‘w vace i ao hee oper foes Ths ane of cation epits oes 2 ange of ernie fx tliat te ing in ‘os whch do ot acd wh a rope fone Ehret oes | ips maybe esto arp ay Fx ee ‘is beame 2 lee the, pda eng cought rie ge ‘hui kes» pod oye fron cendis,On the er an ‘he heros of ais hich ks tem ane oper sd tie uc pope of pom whch mis them eine mel trarmens sort «thi ws pper acs san aggepion (types we frst ee Ths the ero ve ough ‘eral Sc xy with te pty of arash a ‘per en cine wt pop! Gece tera But ow dos hs sla rune and inten he eof crn fe fat le ont eas Soc yen? I uy es, of couse de at ret ay gat ‘Sang The peta the ci ote he eae ong is, frm sone ike mys wing cord ene egies In soc coo, abough ate om espn a be {erporyoprmanenty rege Wo snes he sige, ‘were stmay be i sso no igi eto oe symem tee Ia syn fico ro ings we iy he Sem fncion would not be a mach lpi the esl of ca ‘ange Fatsometme sem fata things do kn pict ‘ange Ho a ete Lex Pl rot he Se pon Ceci = fit be he wa ne of te sl he hacked one of he Stentor wal oy cic Here hon he ge es amped glue when he as 12, eigen the net as al bare and who aden fat hy foarte hi So he pbed ool pln pop to ‘oatiegit id tdephone mow uns esi td ‘weep batho pret wich ele a amie (Bion sd Dar 92:55) Asia Conceaion sem facionl co-pesinof pop fn teeny be gic Pal wee on bs pope ei tly ‘Sree pit wach he ok toe Gn pr cotpany oping gt Shem erode deuce Th hey at rey ated od py pecs hy al ac ew Fee id fre 2 gs race hd body cic pur he a pi dened Fendt ‘Slag om he Fender Bence ond way tray Saeefl Th Glton Lt Pl cso cope of yrs br nd Tramp cel (A weno tl md ody es) New aly se gut pn a wt cfr roe aos Bec d ke 3 naer ged ‘Shag npn een eso ster Iw ct rom: Senator niece mene l {rem fer » he pag above ou es al ae to Ieper, eon cy pot te oy taping sl han {3 how bs of oun pean da Bi he bain of oe ae fg deer tor swt ot not abet concen: An cory oped gute ~ egy oe wid 1s Bly = sod dct ‘dle: fom an ai guar Een moira Scien ‘nk oe sl rngt of wana gato ce Ie doion cen tn in chews hi cll ton ST Elder wh she sch ten eg a he Spe ese vt pe nd wh Dw ee the ‘cad ns ier was A of hoe eens fr grains ne ‘Sew he por re ten meg epoed fk a Sd ‘cd gre Te en th the emote a ls (ite een dan ly yea ap. Noone sued ping ch ‘igo firth gu ne edegnecreoding an sr {seine pod And tne pesca ge at th enone ‘so Pls oul expe woe pope onl paso “ido. lepbonends odpe “uo gral a ay be mde he with pd the wa hi of ace weet patel eo wipes hang ama ‘Shur it th cogs ae ay ntl ef Le al orc Les Pl ad eo Fede ba ee he adder of anyon cobai imovton of wa sot owt ang pod 0 tie. The ar deg te Gb hl uc do wth hy he Gao es Pai he yar Pa if tne Seo te oe stat import mecha by which iby snd anges eat Si on Ting wih Ino ep Ye atonal Hi elect me of amgcnenemplyedy sce nd ma ut Fog Gisen ags occ ad Spoons wh re he” » ° « » » » » » * » » » » » » » » ° » ° ° ° ° ° « » « G lege eu etn, nd pty mer of hing ieee ‘Gps in depots cm the ons whch sere he etna ‘Wha ar mes top the octane mechs So the an ng inane spe er spite ca do Soe Ae pete ‘oes o be ale i ther ae of he oe to which Ue scan ‘src Soa lm change ma offs chan econ ma oe nage cages othe stem the ong.” Ini ylitin the deinen Revs syten inten nd per foxes pods oy of cnpeaang snd seping Be lee tetwee the dan he olor Th a pert hoe a ere ee Eevee su finan an proper fneuon pomies to be heey ‘Senior wel podactn he onet O pecie seh ct Conclusion Recent phoapil mach om fron his rake ina manber of (iene ences of hs emer To of he mot bat of he Se Rath ili oy of pp frst ad Robe Cay conc fon ope ocson I a edd te han bg ln incon de ae sco fe ict pes of inc bash ich setuid lor adenine of con yer eae Spay pet ocean eure fn nde chon + mmc encoenon = tae af wha aise pos o = we eee eet ‘trace do cr dn the wy of well peomance Tat howto "pa finn eit and space» apy demons tong ‘pls den fom mote mar ae Ba fs deren mt ‘my papi oe ecm be np Sate ey ae Gale fr atineigy both ste lee! of sate of cone cand Phenomena ch Sch a Rete Pre and the elf me Bera cone, Sch Hoes eel mowed cir ase ce li oF er tate oe ci Acknowledgements oe spine epee i the Se enon of hs pipe ges eee lace ee fee Ines which emia we ebook btm « Nonss Soe aeee se mene se er car eee cape ea eb pareiin ie mel tice , peeebrre ceca ve Soe ‘Say coos wee meer extence nr locion can be explained term Bee eee eee 5 ae dapper i the mdigenows fk music ead ofthe US, Spee pete igre or ee ee een ee ee eee eee =a ae ee Se ee ees Peeper eee Se a ae ee Seirgiaaras aamrwar tans 1s Shier nes the sh cnafcaion was proponed im Rah and Sch Fieger ee mes eee eee ee erro Sete ; "echocfencon choughou he prc eae Doe tay seeker eae we ha qusuon # te ome which | hep my pk 1 Te know afseeloter espe who cs ae est sou wii, GeesSee e eee ees ecereesecseCEsseceseces (eae eaters at ed ea ‘hae etn orf pg we fr ne ee eee eee ‘Solicits ree of hme feel el et con orcas cei eo Ate of peng ting rng ee ow ch \ Sot fume hss gemears el a wea Sr (87 pacer rere peat preter ea these funn te ged eso Ish be de ot coe a shi emu oe en ee “mena baeueth epeed Eg pd oss arm em lone te ‘Saris es sates om pe Oe cep pe et rl ng mig iy (Soe bao of ale mine be coped ta ur te Poco = Shi mpi) “oe ee omnes wr hie a wae i gf i {nce pa ote oe ct mate mr eg ‘So CS nm Orb oer hut ‘ough tt cae asin wen oe ng et eee ele ed aE Ae PRs mae nen ah ef eal con wal | mo oly eh ig a ee de na ashore ee 1g iene ica yi 73 Refeences on ya Day 192 Th lina Ctr Bk New Ale A Koo ie va ni deen Sn Dg ene Po Se os Ahan aa aman eg 2 21728 ‘Cuppa char Cama hse di spree etl oprah nt fm sn es Clade Gt ed Chie [i eh pen wy itn os Use camming Noes 195 aol enh The Jl of Poly 72 onc Mid 1082 The jos nd pone: Hab Dri se ‘a Fd pal at Pros Ce oa id AD Lng Anh, Cambs, UR Coie ey apc 19h The fi ae er tate ge 1987 The Pept De May He Le a tae Frith twee, Cig A Te MIT Pe od lin 192 Dost Pac ny Lob nd New ok Ros een ee ns Gare 198 hy Qu Py fe Ey A Laon steamer See ra eet ee end ie opin na fe ae a ee oe ae sat eee op, Wi La Mica She 1882 Ace, New Yok Has oo eee (igen ra ie gn coe ince eee ee Cape tS jaime net oe eee Eve ee cane eee Seo ete eee eunnauimin iirc maior Sons Jeeps ea eco ee eee