This document discusses the history and modern use of timber bridges in Norway. It outlines Norway's long tradition of timber construction dating back over 900 years. A Nordic Timber Bridge Program in the 1990s helped increase the competitiveness of timber bridges. Modern Norwegian timber bridges emphasize simplicity, robustness, durability, and aesthetics. They make use of glued laminated timber, stress laminated decks, and steel components. Proper wood treatment and design details aim to achieve a 100-year service life. Several examples of recent pedestrian and road bridges are provided.
This document discusses the history and modern use of timber bridges in Norway. It outlines Norway's long tradition of timber construction dating back over 900 years. A Nordic Timber Bridge Program in the 1990s helped increase the competitiveness of timber bridges. Modern Norwegian timber bridges emphasize simplicity, robustness, durability, and aesthetics. They make use of glued laminated timber, stress laminated decks, and steel components. Proper wood treatment and design details aim to achieve a 100-year service life. Several examples of recent pedestrian and road bridges are provided.
This document discusses the history and modern use of timber bridges in Norway. It outlines Norway's long tradition of timber construction dating back over 900 years. A Nordic Timber Bridge Program in the 1990s helped increase the competitiveness of timber bridges. Modern Norwegian timber bridges emphasize simplicity, robustness, durability, and aesthetics. They make use of glued laminated timber, stress laminated decks, and steel components. Proper wood treatment and design details aim to achieve a 100-year service life. Several examples of recent pedestrian and road bridges are provided.
This document discusses the history and modern use of timber bridges in Norway. It outlines Norway's long tradition of timber construction dating back over 900 years. A Nordic Timber Bridge Program in the 1990s helped increase the competitiveness of timber bridges. Modern Norwegian timber bridges emphasize simplicity, robustness, durability, and aesthetics. They make use of glued laminated timber, stress laminated decks, and steel components. Proper wood treatment and design details aim to achieve a 100-year service life. Several examples of recent pedestrian and road bridges are provided.
• Typical construction elements • Wood protection • Possibilities in design and shaping • Monitoring of timber bridges • Examples of recent timber bridges • Outlook
www.treteknisk.no Traditions in use of timber
More than 900 years
old stave churches, 30 of them still standing
www.treteknisk.no Viking ships
www.treteknisk.no Log houses
www.treteknisk.no Gjelten Bridge 1906
www.treteknisk.no Kveberg Bridge 1906
www.treteknisk.no Nordic Timber Bridge Program 1994 - 2002
• Timber industry
• Road authorities
• Research institutions
www.treteknisk.no Nordic Timber Bridge Program
The main objective was to
increase the competitiveness of timber bridges compared with other materials like steel and concrete.
www.treteknisk.no Nordic Timber Bridge Program
• 33 technical reports
• 3 brochures (presentation of Nordic
timber bridges)
• Background knowledge for new
timber bridges
www.treteknisk.no New timber bridges today! Why?
• Economical reasons
• Environmental reasons
• Aesthetic reasons
www.treteknisk.no Architecture policy of the Norwegian government
«Good architecture shall express a
common culture and identity»
»The architecture shall be based on
notions of unity and coherence in our physical surrroundings.»
www.treteknisk.no Keywords in the Design of Norwegian Timber Bridges:
Simplicity Robustness Durability Aesthetics
www.treteknisk.no Typical construction elements in modern Norwegian timber bridges Glued laminated members Stress laminated timber decks Slotted-in steel plates Steel cross girders
www.treteknisk.no Three typical construction elements
Stress laminated Steel cross girders timber deck
www.treteknisk.no Example of “slotted-in steel plates”
Truss with glulam members jointed
with “slotted-in steel plates” www.treteknisk.no Prefabrication of truss
www.treteknisk.no Aiming at 100 years service life
Pressure treatment with Creosote
Copper cladding on exposed surfaces Liquid bitumen membrane on stress laminated timber deck Careful detailing with respect to water traps
www.treteknisk.no Protection of exposed surfaces by copper cladding
Tynset Bridge (2001)
www.treteknisk.no Protected by the bridge deck
www.treteknisk.no Protected by a roof
www.treteknisk.no New possibilities in design and shaping
Da Vinci-Bridge (2001)
www.treteknisk.no Glulam arch cross-section before grinding
Da Vinci-Bridge (2001) www.treteknisk.no Grinding of glulam arches
Da Vinci-Bridge (2001) www.treteknisk.no Erection of glulam arches
Da Vinci-Bridge (2001) www.treteknisk.no Fungi attack observed in 2007
Da Vinci-Bridge (2001)
www.treteknisk.no Monitoring of timber bridges
www.treteknisk.no Instrumentation
www.treteknisk.no Examples of pedestrian bridges
www.treteknisk.no Os Footbridge (1996)
Covered truss bridge, spans 2 x 40 m
www.treteknisk.no Sellikdalen Footbridge (2009)
Covered truss bridge
Spans 12+36+36+18 m – Total length 102 m www.treteknisk.no Klemetsrud Footbridge (2005)
A Short Guide to the Types and Details of Constructing a Suspension Bridge - Including Various Arrangements of Suspension Spans, Methods of Vertical Stiffening and Wire Cables Versus Eyebar Chains
A Short Guide to the Types and Details of Constructing a Suspension Bridge - Including Various Arrangements of Suspension Spans, Methods of Vertical Stiffening and Wire Cables Versus Eyebar Chains
