0% found this document useful (0 votes)
122 views38 pagesChapter 5 Calculus
Extra work
Uploaded by
HankCopyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
0% found this document useful (0 votes)
122 views38 pagesChapter 5 Calculus
Extra work
Uploaded by
HankCopyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
/ 38
Chapter 5
FAST TIMES
The Fundamental Theorem of Calculus Chapter Five
Fast Times: The Fundamental Theorem of Calculus
In Chapters 3 and 4, we focused on three core areas of
calculus:
In this chapter, we will recognize and exploit the fundamental
Limits
‘Area under a Curve
(with Riemann sums)
Slope of a Curve
(with Slope functions and derivatives)
connection between these three core concepts. Together, these
concepts will define the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus, giving us a powerful tool that will help
make finding the area under a curve precise and easy.
Chapter Objectives
In this chapter you will have the opportunity to:
FT-0.
136
+ Set up and evaluate and integral to find the exact area under a curve.
* Create Area Functions to find the area under a curve between a fixed number and
a variable endpoint.
+ Investigate the properties of definite integrals.
* Discover the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus and use it to evaluate a
definite integral
* Calculate the area of a region determined by multiple curves.
‘You will be challenged with the following scenario near the end of this chapter. Evidence
will be presented by the prosecution that your team will need to verify or refute. Be
careful with your analysis; the judge is less than patient with inaccuracies in arguments!
FAST TIMES
‘The Case of the Heavy-Footed Teacher
Your Calculus teacher is in major trouble with the police department from a remote
county. ‘The police have issued tickets with very large fines for traveling at
excessive speeds during a return trip from the mountains. In addition, if the tickets,
are upheld, your teacher's license will be suspended and insurance canceled!
(Driving is one of the ways your teacher releases stress from teaching and without
this release, upcoming tests are sure to become unbearably difficult.) The
prosecution has gathered extensive data to support their case. Your task is to
defend your teacher against these accusations.
CHAPTER 5: FAST TIMES Chapter Five
Fast Times: The Fundamental Theorem of Calculus
FT-1,
THE RETURN OF FREDO AND FRIEDA
Examine these new velocity and distance graphs from Fredo and Frieda. Summarize how
Fredo’s data is reflected in Frieda’s graph and how Frieda’s data is reflected in Fredo’s
graph. You may want to review your results from SR-71.
Fredo’s Graph Frieda’s Graph
distance velocity
8
2:
6
a. Since each student's data is confirmed by the other's, then using a derivative (to
find the slope of Fredo’s graph) must be linked to using an integral (to find the area
under Frieda’s graph). Explain this link.
b. The slope of a secant can be used to find the approximate slope along Fredo’s
curve. How can the exact slope of a curve at a point be found?
¢. Rectangles can be used to approximate the area under Frieda’s curve in order to find
the distance. Theorize on how the exact area under a curve can be determined.
Regardless of what value of 1 is chosen, a Riemann sum can only approximate the area
under f(x) on [a, b] because the rectangles either add extra area or miss some area.
‘Some values of n give a better approximation than others. Examine the graphs below
and write down your observations.
y fo) | fo) f) fo
= bx a oe a be b bx
4 rectangles 8 rectangles 16 rectangles 200 rectangles
a. How could we get an exact area? Using complete sentences, describe your ideas
thoroughly.
b. The width of each rectangle is found by = and is represented by Av. What
happens to Ax as we use more rectangles?
The Fundamental Theorem of Calculus 137 138
CALCULATING EXACT AREA
Using a Riemann sum, write an expression to represent the exact area under f(x) on
fab).
a. Will Axever equal 0? Why or why not?
b. What happens to the area of each indi
jual rectangle as 9?
¢. Ifthe area is composed of rectangles with areas that are approaching zero, why
doesn’t the overall area approach zero?
Read the following information and summarize it in your tool kit. Then answer questions
(a) and (b) below the box.
DEFINITE INTEGRALS
‘The Riemann sum is a convenient way to approximate the area under a curve using
rectangles. However, in order to get an exact area, we would need an infinite
number of rectangles! Since we cannot substitute infinity into our Riemann sum,
we take a limit as the number of rectangles approaches infinity. This “Limit of a
Riemann sum,” shown below, has another name: a DEFINITE INTEGRAL. Its
symbol represents the “S” of the German word for sum.
nl
Aghasxsb) = lim Sar-flatax-d) = [sede
mn a
‘Therefore, the exact area for A(x? +1, -2 i=0
FT-17] COMBINING REGIONS
140
‘When can we combine multiple regions? When can we rewrite them? Consider these
questions by looking at various sets of integrals. Rewrite the following expressions as a
single integral. Then, write conjectures based on your observations,
a Praer- pea bf pander + fP sede
c i Sendr + ff fnar a ge Faodr ~ [* food
CHAPTER 5: FAST TIMES FT-19.
FT-20.
FT-21
FT-22.
FT-23.
FT-24,
Evaluate the following definite integrals.
3 3 ° 0
a - [pede bfx xa 4 -fCx)ax
For each (x), find its general antiderivative, F(x).
a f(x)=-2 b f@®)=
ce f(x)=-3x? 46x a f(x) = 20x43)
Differentiate each function below. That is, find its slope function, f’(x).
a f(x) =6(x-2)> db. f(x) =2sinx
f(x)=(+5)Qx-1) a. (x)= E6228
Describe a “slope function” in complete sentences. What is its purpose? Give a couple
of examples of functions and their slope functions.
Find f¢'x-sinxdx with a graphing calculator. Then, without a calculator, find:
2fpx-sinxde and [" x-sinxde
For parts (a) and (b) below, trace f(x) on your Then, using a different color
pencil or highlighter, sketch the graph of y= Pea) for the function given.
a b.
A.cone has a height of 10 inches and a
radius of 4 inches. If a plane cuts the cone
hh inches above the base of the cone, what is
the area of the circular cross-section” 1
‘The Fundamental Theorem of Calculus 141 FT-25,
SECTION 5.13
142
Georg Friedrich Bernhard Riemann (1826-
1866) spent much time studying the sums of
rectangles. He decided that it was not absolutely
necessary that each rectangle have the same width.
They do not even need to be the same type (ie. they
all do not need to be left-handed or midpoint
rectangles).
For example, examine the rectangles used at right to
estimate the area under ffx). Does it matter that the
rectangles do not have the same width?
PROPERTIES OF INTEGRALS
Consider the following integrals. For each, draw and
shade the region for a generic function f(x)
Rewrite each integral and summarize each case in
your tool kit
a f finde
b, rg fioddx + fF fod
ef paar + f° pea
4. S k- f(x) dx, where kis a constant
PROPERTIES OF INTEGRALS, CONTINUED
You have developed methods of simplifying integrals with a single function. What
happens when we combine two functions? Investigate the following relationship:
JP fond + fP sea
Sketch a diagram that represents that represents the sum. Rewrite the expression into a
simplified form.
CHAPTER 5: FAST TIMES FT-29,
FT-30.
FT-31.
FT-32,
TRANSLATIONS OF FUNCTIONS
Examine what happens to the area of a region when a
function is translated. Some cases to consider are
listed below, but do not feel restricted to them. When
finished, summarize your findings clearly.
a Does f° [f(2) +k]ax=
Explain why or why not
(P ponde sk?
b. Does £ f@)de= pe ‘fQx)de? Explain why
or why not
c. Does £ fldr= jee ‘f(x—c)de? Explain why or why not.
4. Does £ P(x)de = i f(x+0)de? Explain why or why not.
Differentiate the following with respect tox. Thatis, find 2.
a yaatl b. y=cosx+sinx
cc yaad? d. y=(6-5x)(1-2x)
Evaluate the following integrals without a calculator. Then write a statement about the
connection between them. Check your answer with a calculator.
a Pera b. Pere s)ae c. Psa
Given the graph to the right of ffx) = 2x + 1, find:
a Pexenar
~ 1
>. feerenar
‘Whaat is the difference between the expression in part (a) and part (b)?
Find the equation of the two lines tangent to the curve f(x) = x? - x? +.x+1 which have
a slope of 2.
‘The Fundamental Theorem of Calculus 143, FT-33.
FT-34.
FT-35.
FT-36.
FT-37.
Given f (x)= ? and h(x) =, use compositions to express each of the
following:
inx, g(x)=
a sin(’) b. sin%(x)
ce. ese(x) a. csc%(1)
Using the distance vs. time graph at right, determine if
the velocity is positive, negative or zero at each point
listed in the graph.
Sketch a graph of f(x)=.x3-2x?. At what point(s)
will the line tangent to f(x) be parallel to the secant
line through x=0 and x= 1?
On your paper, sketch a graph of f(x) = x3 +3x?- 45x48.
a. Find the slope of the line tangent to the curve at x =-2.
b. Find the point on the curve where the slope is the smallest (steepest negative slope).
‘What is the name of this point?
2
2x? -4 for xS3 ga.
Given the function f(x) = pe aS forx>3 me
a lim f(x) b. lim f(x)
xo3t x03
cc. What do your results above tell you about f(x)?
SECTION 5.2.1
(Fr38,
144
Finding slope functions are powerful since they offer the
ability to express the rate of change of a function for all
values x in the domain. However, what about areas under
a function? How can we also write an “Area Function,”
A(q), that will calculate the area for all values ¢ in the —
domain?
Same,
Find the area of the following regions: “a * 7
a AO=['5 at b. Ady=[isae
ce A@=['5 ar @ A@=['sdr
. Generalize your findings for all constant functions. That is, write an expression for
A(x) = fe dt, where ¢ is a constant.
CHAPTER 5: FAST TIMES FT-4l.
What if f(1) isnot a constant function? Examine the area finss
function A(x) of a line with slope m #0. Evaluate:
a fRae+s ar b. Soaersyar
©. Find the area function A(x) = [°(4r+5) dr
Does it matter what the lower bound is? What if the lower bound is not 0, but instead is
another constant? Discuss with your study team how A(x) changes as the lower bound
changes. Test your theory by comparing A(x) and B(x) below.
fundies
AG) = [(4r+5) de Bo) = fares) de
a. Using a method similar to that used in FT-39 part (c),
find the area functions A(x) and B(x). Then, compare
the results.
b. Demonstrate algebraically that B(x) = Sar +5) dt = A(x) - A(2). Also demonstrate
this relationship geometrically with the idea of area.
c ‘Do the two area functions grow at the same rate? That is, does A’(x)= B’(x)?
Why or why not?
4, Create an expression using A(x) to evaluate G(x) = [*(4r+5) dr. Explain
geometrically what G(x) measures.
Review your results from the Freeway Fatalities
problem, BI-4. Write a complete statement describing
the relationship between distance of the truck from
home and its velocity. How can we determine the
distance traveled from the velocity vs. time graph?
How can we determine the velocity from the distance
vs. time graph?
Towed
Distance rom
The Fundamental Theorem of Calculus 145 FT-42,
Find the general antiderivative, F(x), for each f(x) below.
a f(x)=cosx b f()=} c. f(x)=-9x13
FT-43. Use a Riemann sum with 20 rectangles to approximate the following integrals. Then use
the numerical integration feature of your graphing calculator to check your answer.
a [S (2-408)ae b. [8aevSde
FT-44. Explain why there are an infinite number of antiderivatives for each function.
Demonstrate with an example.
FT-45. Use the Power Rule to find f’(x) for f(x) =(x? + D(x-4) by first expanding f(x).
Then, find the equation of the line tangent to f(x) at x=-3.
FT-46. £02982) then does 1x) = f"x)-4/(a)? Test this idea on
2x? +1)(x-4) using your results from FT-45. Thoroughly record your result.
FT-47. Given h(x) below, define functions f(x) and g(x) so that h(x) = f(g(x)). (f(x) #x and
a(x) #x)
a (x)= sin(?) +1 bh) =(3x9-12)° +2
SECTION 5.2.2
FT-48.
146
‘A teammate is trying to find the area fe ‘f(t)dt. He already knows that:
Jp f@ar=9x?-2.
Help him find £ fade.
CHAPTER 5: FAST TIMES FT-49,|
Read the following information and summarize this idea in your tool kit. Then answer the
questions which follow.
AREA FUNCTIONS
Part (d) of FT-40 showed us that if A(x) is the function that determines the area
under a curve between the fixed point 0 and the variable point x, then:
Jf soa =A@)- Ae)
Since A(c) is a constant, the area function can be rewritten as
[i flode = A@y- A= AG) +C
for some constant C. Since the lower bound is arbitrary, this shows that any two
area functions differ by a constant. We use the symbol [ (x)dx to write this
‘general area function. In other words,
Jfl)dx =A(x)+C
We call f f(x)dx an INDEFINITE INTEGRAL because we do not specify fixed
bounds and are instead seeking a general area function. Note that { f(t) dt and
J f(29 dx only differ by the choice of variable.
‘While an indefinite integral is an area function where no bounds of integration are
specified, a DEFINITE INTEGRAL is one for which bounds are defined.
Although they are related, there are some critical differences. See the examples
below:
J (2x+3)dx > Indefinite Integral f° (2x+3)dx + Definite Integral
a. Which type of integral would you use to find the area under f(x) =3x° -8x +2
from x=-4tox=6?
b. Which type of integral would find all the functions whose slope function
is f(x) =3tanx?
© Which type of integral leaves the answer in a numerical form?
4. Which type of integral results in a function?
e. Which integral has infinite solutions?
‘The Fundamental Theorem of Calculus 147 FT-50.
Fr-SL.
FT-52.
FT-53.
FT-54.
148
‘Sketch the region represented by the integral below. Then use geometry to find general
area functions for each integral below.
b. [(Sx+2)dx
‘Use your results from FT-S0 to evaluate the following areas.
a fp dx a ff Sax
c 3fGx42a a fsxac+ 2a
© fi°-#ae £ [7G-#ae
While driving to work, Camille decided to keep tack
of the time and the distance she traveled. Taking the
data that she gathered, she found the function:
F(x) =-100x3 + 150x2 a
a If Camille's trip took 1 hour, how far did she
drive?
b. What was her average velocity? Tours
©. Use your graphing calculator to find her maximum velocity. How far into the trip
did she reach this speed?
Another teammate is trying to find the area [g(m)dm. She already knows that:
Jp semdm = 35).
Help her find Jpeomam, Siscmdm, and -2f} (man.
Change the following limit of a Riemann sum for A(f,-2S x $1) into an integral
expression. Then, evaluate with your graphing calculator.
jim Sax, (x! -4)
nom ial
CHAPTER 5: FAST TIMES FT-55,
FT-56,
FT-S7.
FT-58.
FT-59.
Ifa function is differentiable at x = c, does that guarantee that f(c) exists? Explain why
or why not.
Find the equation of the tangent line to (x) = sinx at &.
Differentiate the following:
a Zax) b. 2 (3m7-7m3)
« 4°) a S (ener +5)
Compare how distance and velocity are related
with these two scenarios:
a. _ A ferry crosses the bay so that its distance
in miles) from the dock at time tis
d(t)=1-cost. Find the velocity, d’(1),
at times ¢= 1, m, and 5 hours. Explain
what concepts of calculus you applied in
order to solve this problem.
b. When a cat chases a mouse, the cat's velocity, measured in feet per second, is
v(t)=31. Sketch a graph and find the distance the cat ran in the first 5 seconds.
Explain what concepts of calculus you applied in order to solve this problem.
c. _ Both (a) and (b) involve distance and velocity. However, each required a different
method or approach. Describe the relationship between distance and velocity. as
well as the derivative and area under a curve.
Find the general antiderivative, F(x), of the following functions:
a f(x)=15x444x-3
b. f(x) =-2cosx
ce f(x)=-4x3 +10
‘The Fundamental Theorem of Calculus 149 SECTION 5.2.3
FT-61,
FT-63,
150
Review your work from Fredo and Frieda’s problem (SR-71 and FT-1). What is the
relationship between area functions (integrals) and slope functions (derivatives)?
THE FUNDAMENTAL THEOREM OF CALCULUS, Part One
Is there a connection between the area under a curve and a derivative? If so, what isit? To
answer this question, consider the following:
a. Find the general area function A(x) for f(x)=2x +5.
‘That is, find:
Jex+5)ax
b. Asx changes, A(x) changes. If x increases by only a
very small increment, how does A(x) change? Link
‘your interpretation to the graph.
c. Find A’(x). Why does this make sense geometrically?
d. Part (c) shows that the derivative of an area function is the original function. Test this
idea on a general linear equation, (x)= mx +, by finding A(x) and A’(x). Does
the same result happen?
e. Whatif the process is reversed? Start with the slope function of a line, then find the
general area function. Describe what happens.
f, Summarize the relationship between the derivative and the integral.
It seems that the general area function A(x), the antiderivative F(x), and the original
function f(x) are related.
a. Since the antiderivative F(x) = J f(x)dr, then A(x) = F(x). Use the antiderivative
F(x) to write an expression for J? f(x)dx. How does this result relate to the
graph of f(x) geometrically?
b. Record this information in your tool kit as the FUNDAMENTAL THEOREM
OF CALCULUS.
©. Use the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus to evaluate {* (6x? +7)dx. Test your
results using a graphing calculator.
x 9
Use an antiderivaive to find f° (2x+5)dx. Then find [/ (22+ 5)de.
CHAPTER 5: FAST TIMES FT-65.
FT-67.
Rewrite the following integral expressions using a single integral.
2
a fora fi -9rae BR acyaes ff hayar
ce nextdrs fava? dx
ra
ff crs are Vear
Keily put his dog on a diet! If fx) is
‘measured in pounds lost per day and + is
measured in days, what does i (f@)de
represent? What are its units?
The graph of a function f(x) is given at
the right. Use the graph to evaluate the
following limits.
a lim f(x). lim f(x)
xo-l x92
ron lim_ f(x) 4. lim, f@),
xan xort
elim f(x) flim f(x)
x5 x98
Where (if anywhere) does the derivative of f(x) not exist?
‘The graph at right shows the velocity of an object over
time defined by the function v(t) =-0.51? +3141.
a. Use your graphing calculator to evaluate
fo co.se +3r+)ar.
b. What does the result in part (a) find?
‘The Fundamental Theorem of Calculus 151 FT-68,
Compare how distance and velocity are related = __.
with these two scenarios:
a. Asanarrow flies through the ar, the
distance it has traveled in feet at time tis
d(t)=44t. Without your calculator,
find the velocity, d’(t), at times t= 1,4,
and 16 seconds. Explain what concepts
of Calculus you applied in order to
solve this problem.
b. _Asatrain travels through a station, its velocity, measured in miles per hour, is
v(t) = 9t +32. If the train is in the station when t = 0, determine the position of the
train at ¢= 1 hour. Explain what concepts of Calculus you applied in order to solve
this problem,
Both (a) and (b) involve distance and velocity. However, each required a different
method or approach. Describe the relationship between distance and velocity, as
well as the derivative and area under a curve.
SECTION 5.2.4
FT-69.
FT-70,
152
‘The Fundamental Theorem states that J? f(x)de = F(b)- Fa). fx
However, since this integral represents area, examine how F(b)
and F(a) are also related to area.
a. If F(x)={f (2x+3)dx represents the area under the N\Q
curve from 0 to x, then what do F(a) and F() represent?) [6
b. Use the areas described in part(a) to prove that |? f(x)dr = F(b) - Fla.
‘Write down what you know about the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus.
CHAPTER 5: FAST TIMES FT-72.
FT-73,
FI-74,
‘THE FUNDAMENTAL THEOREM OF CALCULUS, Part Two
‘The first part of the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus tied the definite integral and the
antiderivative together. Further explore the relationship between the antiderivative and the
derivative.
a Asxchanges, A(x) changes. Use geometry to explain why A’(x) = f(x).
b. Nowexamine A’(x) analytically. If A(x) = f* f(a)de, then:
A= 4 (feds)
S(F@)- FO)
ZFO)-Z(FO)
How can we further simplify $-(F(x))~(F())?
©. What is the integral ofa derivative, such as: f #"(x)dx?
Use the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus to evaluate each expression and compare the
results,
a. Ef Gx-S)e bP 2Gx-s)ax
Evaluate the following definite integrals by applying the Fundamental Theorem of
Calculus. Test your solution by using the integration function on your calculator.
a Pera bf tsinz)ae
ff Gva)ae a. f@x?—6x+2)ae
eof dae filer
& Jpex—20de+2[° (2-t0)ae hb.
Evaluate the following integrals.
a fo -2e+5)éx b. fi(68-20+5) ac
c f(r? -1)ar 4 [7,(o?-1)a
e f(sinm+4m?)dm ff (sinm+4m?)dm
‘The Fundamental Theorem of Calculus 153 FT-75.
FT-76.
FT-77.
FT-78.
FT-79.
FT-80.
154
Rewrite the following integral expressions as a single integral.
a [Prerdrt Petar b. 3f sande + 5f° gar
fe Fede + ff fade & Lf fodr- LP feoar
Review Michael's method for setting up a derivative limit. (from PB-25 and PB-162)
‘Use Michael's definition of a derivative to differentiate f(x) = 4x? -9x-1
Differentiate the following:
(#-9
(«+6))
Bla Ble
Without your calculator, analyze the curvature of f(x) = x3 +12x? +36x-6. A
complete answer states where f(x) is increasing, decreasing, concave up and concave
down. Also find any point of inflection.
Find the equation of the line tangent to f(x) = x° +12x? +36x—6 at its point of
inflection.
In Chapter 4, it was discovered that f(x) =x was not differentiable at x= 0.
a. Why does the derivative of f(x) =¥V/x not exist at x =0?
b. Is f(x) =¥Vx? differentiable at x= 0? Why or why not?
c. What about f(x)=¥x3?
CHAPTER 5: FAST TIMES SECTION 5.3.1
FT-81. You will be working on the following problem over the next few days. Evidence will be
presented by the prosecution that your team will need to verify or refute. Be careful with
your analysis; the judge is less than patient with inaccuracies in arguments!
FAST TIMES
‘The Case of the Heavy-Footed Teacher
‘Your Calculus teacher is in major trouble with
the police department from a remote county.
The police have issued tickets with very large
fines for traveling at excessive speeds during
a return tip from the mountains. In addition,
if the tickets are upheld, your teacher's license
will be suspended and insurance canceled!
(Driving is one of the ways your teacher
releases stress from teaching and without this
release, upcoming tests are sure to become
unbearably difficult.) The prosecution has
gathered extensive data to support their case.
‘Your task is to defend your teacher against
these accusations.
FAST TIMES CAST OF CHARACTERS:
Judge Ironhand: Traffic court judge for Jerry Verigreen: The assistant District
23 years. Has a reputation of being ‘Attomey who is prosecuting the
hard on sloppy evidence. Holds the case. He is trying to impress his
record for fines levied on contempt boss that he can be tough on crime.
charges. This is his first case.
Officer Tightman: The officer that Patrol Officer Rongway: Highway
issued the two tickets. Known to Patrol Pilot who is in charge of
reach the monthly ticket quota identifying speeders between the
during the first week. towns of Acelerton and Geprime.
Inspector Knoclew: In charge of ‘The Defendant: Your teacher. Known
‘analyzing traffic data for the police for high speeds and hard tests. In
department. desperate need of your help.
Council for the Defense: That's you!
‘The Fundamental Theorem of Calculus 155 156
FAST TIMES, Part One - The Prosecution Presents His Case
Prosecution: Judge Ironhand, through
extensive data collection we have solid evidence
that the defendant was using excessive speeds
while traveling through our tranquil law-abiding
community. Through the outstanding work of
our police department, we are able to bring
justice to the defendant who clearly has no
Tespect for our laws.
As my first witness I would like to call the
officer who issued the traffic citations.
“Officer Tightman, what evidence do you have
that first suggested the defendant was using
excessive speed?”
Officer Tightman: “The defendant
claims to have departed Acelerton at 3:20
pam. A receipt from the service station ae
in Geprime shows that the defendant
arrived at 5:38 p.m.
Even with our liberal laws allowing
speeds of 65 mph, this is clearly too
short of time to travel safely the distance
shown at right in miles.”
Judge Ironhand: “Council for the
defense, how do you respond?”
Fonctionville
Geprine
Your Task: Respond to the Judge. Is Officer Tightman correct in his claim? Justify
your answer. Does this prove your teacher's guilt or innocence?
CHAPTER 5: FAST TIMES /FT-83.] _ FAST TIMES, Part Two - Compelling Evidence
Prosecution: “Although I will acknowledge the mathematical prowess of my esteemed
colleague, we have further evidence to suggest the defendant was traveling at an excessive
speed in multiple instances.
Using the information from our roadside cameras, we have found the following function
s(t) for the distance (in miles) traveled by the defendant between Acelerton and D’exdete.
Twould like to now present Exhibit B, shown below, to demonstrate the first infraction.”
(note: 1 is measured in hours.)
Prosecution Exhibit B
a)
‘Boundless
Tore
8(t) = 93.758 + 93.751 + 451
Your Task: Confirm or refute the prosecution’s claim by finding the maximum velocity in the
interval.
FT-84. Examine the following integrals. Consider the multiple tools available for evaluating
integrals and use the best strategy for each. After evaluating the integral, write a short
description of your method.
JF, cosa b. f(Syi~siny)ay
PrP tae J sin? x + cos? x)ax
FT-85. Using complete sentences, describe what each of the following graphs represent. ‘Then,
identify the physical quantity represented by the notation below the graph.
a no af? Af
feel VO Td ‘neh
: ' i i
"hours: “4 ‘hours 5 es
a sO b. friar ce. Julia a wi
‘The Fundamental Theorem of Calculus 157 FT-86.
FT-87.
FT-88.
FT-89.
FT-91.
158
‘The graph at right gives the graph of the velocity (in ED
miles per hour) of a car during a car trip. At time
1=0, the car was on the Golden Gate Bridge heading
north.
a. Finda function for v(t).
b. How far North has the car traveled at 3 hours?
At4 hours?
¢. Explain what happened to the car between 3 <1<5 hours.
During this course, we have studied the connection between distance and velocity.
a. What relationship between position and velocity and the Fundamental Theorem?
b. Extension: Find a function to represent the car's position, s(t), from FT-86.
Without graphing, analytically determine where the function y = x3 — 7x? +15x—-2 is
increasing. Check your answer with a graph.
Differentiate the following functions. Determine if the function is differentiable for all
reals.
4-2 for x
