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TDA
Text Dependent Analysis
Preparing our students to
read closely, think deeply,
and write purposefully.
Explicit Evidence…
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Let’s step back in time…
Shall we?
PA Core Standards and Shifts for ELA/Literacy
Balancing access to both informational texts
and literature
Focus on close and careful reading of texts
Using text evidence to support ideas
Stressing an academically focused vocabulary so
students can access more complex texts
How are these shifts in the standards assessed?
Pre-Core Tasks (Open Ended) Grades 3-8:
What is a lesson the judge teaches the
baker? Use at least two examples from
the passage to explain your response.
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NEW (Short Answer) Grade 3: NEW (TDA) Grades 4-8:
How does the Authors select their words
carefully to support a main
description of the “ice- idea. Write an essay
skating” bison support analyzing the poem, Time to
the idea that animals Talk and the text, Birth of
play in groups? Use Haudenosaunee to show how
information from the the author’s word choice
reveals the idea that people
passage to support your should take time to
answer. communicate. Use evidence
from both texts to support your
response.
Implicit Evidence…
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Text Dependent Analysis
Reading Comprehension
Analysis
Writing
What is a Text Dependent Analysis Question?
• requires close reading of a text.
• require students to provide evidence from the text and to draw
inferences based on what the text says in order to support
analysis.
• Expects students to construct a well-written essay to
demonstrate analysis of the text.
A text-dependent analysis question does not rely on any
particular background information nor depend on students
having other experiences or knowledge; instead it privileges the
text itself and what students can extract from what is before
them.
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Authors select their words carefully to
support a main idea. Write an essay
analyzing the poem, Time to Talk and the
text, Birth of Haudenosaunee to show how
the author’s word choice reveals the idea
that people should take time to
communicate. Use evidence from both
texts to support your response.
Looking for Symbolism…
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Text-dependent questions
• Require students to provide evidence from the text as
a part of their response
• Serve as a scaffold for students. Teachers can ask
questions strategically to guide students through tricky
aspects of the text that are challenging or confusing.
What does the text say?
How does the text work?
What does the text mean?
Annotation
Annotation is a note of any form made while
reading text.
The purpose of annotation is to slow
the reader down in order to deepen
understanding.
“Reading with a pencil”
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Keep it simple:
Underline important ideas
Circle words or phrases that are confusing or unclear
Write margin notes in your own words
Read and Annotate:
Daedalus and Icarus
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Developing TDA Questions: Essential
Understandings
Literature: Essential understandings and big ideas
can focus on theme, characters, important events, or
any other features that are central
Informational Text: Essential understandings and
big ideas can be closely aligned to the important ideas,
the author’s purpose, claims, or text structure.
Developing TDA Questions: Six Steps
Step 1: Read and annotate the text
Step 2: Identify the essential understanding(s) and key supporting
details from the text (what is noteworthy and what supports this)
Step 3: Locate and identify academic vocabulary and key text
structures that are connected to the essential understandings and key
ideas
Step 4: Propose a culminating text-dependent analysis question
Step 5: Identify the expected proficient-level response
Step 6: Identify the standards associated with the text-dependent
analysis question
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Symbols can be used as insightful expressions
of human nature. Write an essay analyzing
how the author of the myth Daedalus and
Icarus uses symbolism to reveal insights
regarding human nature. Use evidence from
the myth to support your response.
Discuss
What do students need to know about the texts
and reading elements to answer this question?
Thank you!
Chris Mitcheltree, CSIU
Mandy Stoudt, Milton Area School District
astoudt@miltonsd.org
cmitcheltree@csiu.org
Dr. Jeri Thompson
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