SMK TINGGI BUKIT MERTAJAM

Additional Mathematics Projects Works Form 5

Year 2017

Title: The Mystery of Progression

Name: Lee Yi Yun
Class: 5 USM
I/C number: 001014-07-0240
Add Math Teacher’s name: Pn.Ong Mei Qing
Group members: Vaithes
Anand
Ravind
Acknowledgement

My name is Lee Yi Yun, the candidate that will sit for SPM 2017. I felt
satisfied that I can finish my Additional Mathematic project on time.

Firstly, I would like to thank to my Additional Mathematic teacher

that always guiding us. She guided us on the question that we felt
difficult and gave explanation. Secondly, I need to thank to my parents
that gave me endless supports. Last but not least, I am also thanks to
my friends that always helped on me when I am facing difficult on the
question.

After doing the project, I hope that it will make improvement in my

Additional Mathematical skill to solve the problems.

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Bil Content Page

1. Acknowledgement 2

2. Introduction 3

3. ( Part A ) Poster 4

4. ( Part B ) Assignment 1 5

5. Assignment 2 8

6. Assignment 3 10

7. Assignment 4 12

8. Conclusion 13

9. Reflection 14
Introduction
What have we learn in progression, there are two type of progression
that is arithmetic progression and geometric progression.

Arithmetic progression is the sequence of number added with the

common difference that has constant value to form the next term. The
first term of the sequence is denoted a while the common difference is
denoted d. The formula of arithmetic progression is:

Tn= a + (n – 1)d

Formula of sum of the arithmetic progression:

𝑛
Sn= [2a + (n – 1)d]
2

Geometric progression is the sequence of number multiply with the

common ratio that has constant value to form the next term. The first
terms of the sequence is denoted a while the common ratio is denoted
by r. The formula of the geometric progression is:

Tn= arn-1

Formula of sum of the geometric progression:

Sn= a(rn – 1) Sn= a(1 – rn)

, ,
𝑟−1 r>1 1−𝑟 r<1

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Assignment No. 1

a) Method 1 :

Tn Ali = Tn Ahmad
a+(n–1)d = a+(n–1)d
900 + ( n – 1 ) 50 = 750 + ( n – 1 ) 60
900 + 50n – 50 = 750 + 60n -60
10n = 900 – 50 – 750 + 60
10n = 160
n = 16

Method 2 :
900 + 50 (n) = 750 + 60 (n)
900 + 50n = 750 + 60n
10n = 150
n = 15

The first month is added with 15 months, therefore on the 16th month,
their money will be the same, RM1650.

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a) Method 3:

Company A Company B

Starting monthly pay: RM900 Starting monthly pay: RM750

Monthly increment: RM50 Monthly increment: RM60

Month Monthly salary Month Monthly salary

1 900 1 750
2 950 2 810
3 1000 3 870
4 1050 4 930
5 1100 5 990
6 1150 6 1050
7 1200 7 1110
8 1250 8 1170
9 1300 9 1230
10 1350 10 1290
11 1400 11 1350
12 1450 12 1410
13 1500 13 1470
14 1550 14 1530
15 1600 15 1590
16 1650 16 1650
17 1700 17 1710
18 1750 18 1770
19 1800 19 1830
20 1850 20 1890

Conclusion: The monthly salary of Ali and Ahmad will be the same on
16th month that is RM1650.

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6
1b)

SnAhmad (Company D) > SnAli (Company C)

32 32
[2(750) + (31)(60)] > [2(900) + (31)(50)]
2 2
32 32
(3360) > (3350)
2 2

RM53765 > RM53600

The salary scale for Company B is better. This can shows in the method
3. Company A during the starting monthly pay, RM900 is higher than
Company B during the starting salary pay, RM750. The monthly
increment for Company A, RM50 is lower than the monthly increment
for Company B, RM60. This cause both of them get the same amount of
salary pay, RM1650 on the 16th month. After the 16th month, the
Company B has the higher monthly pay than Company A. This can
shows in the 17th month that Company A give the monthly pay is
RM1700 while the Company B give the monthly pay is RM1710. In
conclusion, the salary scale for Company B is better than Company A.

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Assignment No. 2

a) Method 1 :

Aidil: a= RM300 Azrin: a= RM500

r= 1.15 r= 1.1

Tn Aidil > Tn Azrin

arn-1 > arn-1

300 (1.15)n-1 > 500 (1.1)n-1

1.15 500
( )n-1 >
1.1 300
1.15 500
(n – 1) log ( ) > log ( )
1.1 300

(n – 1) log 1.045 > log 1.667

1.667
n–1 > log ( )
1.045

n–1 > 11.6

n > 12.5
n = 13

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 a) Method 2:

Company C (Azrin) Company D (Aidil)

a= RM500 a= RM300
r= 1.1 r= 1.15

Month Company C Company B

1 500 300
2 550 345
3 605 396.75
4 665.50 456.26
5 732.05 524.70
6 805.26 603.41
7 885.78 693.92
8 974.36 798.01
9 1071.79 917.71
10 1178.97 1055.36
11 1296.87 1213.67
12 1426.56 1395.72
13 1569.21 1605.08
14 1726.14 1845.84
15 1898.75 2122.71
16 2088.62 2441.12

Conclusion: On the 13th month, Aidil's monthly salary, RM 1605.08

will be more than Azrin monthly salary, RM1569.21 .

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b) r Company C Month Company D r
1.1 1569.21 13 1605.08 1.15
1.1 1726.13 14 1845.84 1.15
1.1 1898.74 15 2122.72 1.15
1.1 2088.62 16 2441.13 1.15
1.1 2297.48 17 2807.29 1.15
1.1 2527.23 18 3228.39 1.15
1.1 2779.95 19 3712.65 1.15

On the 13th month, Aidil in Company D has the monthly salary RM1605.08 is
more than Azrin’s monthly salary, RM1569.21. Although the starting monthly
pay in Company D is lesser than Company C, the increment of salary in every
month is 15% more than Company C. Therefore the monthly salary receive by
Aidil in Company D after 13th month will be more compared to Azrin in
Company C.

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 Assignment No. 3

a) Conjecture : Based on the data given, it shows that total salary received
on the 3th years is RM28080 while the 4th years is RM39360. The
different of the total increment of salary increase in a constant value,
RM960. Therefore, the pattern of the increment of the salary is
arithmetic pregression.

Different between
Number of year,n Total salary received(RM) Yearly salary inrement 2 year increment

7 78960 14160 960

6 64800 13200 960
5 51600 12240 960
4 39360 11280 960
3 28080 10320 960
2 17760 9360 960
1 8400

Total increment between 3th years and 4th years = 39360 - 28080
= 11280

Total increment between 4th years and 5th years = 51600 - 39360
= 12240

Increment of the salary = 12240 - 11280

= 960

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 90000
80000
70000
60000
50000
40000
30000
20000
10000
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Number of year,n Total salary received(RM) Yearly salary inrement

a = RM8400
d = RM960

The salary scale is increase linearly by the years. On the 1st year is RM8400.
The increasement of the yealy salary is RM960. On the 7th years , the worker
will receive the total salary, RM78960 on that year.

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b) Conjecture : Based on the data that is given, it shows that on the 3th
year the monthly salary is RM1003.52 while the 4th year the monthly
salary is RM1123.94 . The common ratio for the increment of salary is
1.12(12%) . Therefore, the pattern of the increment of salary Is
geometric progression.

Different between
N Monthly salary (RM)
2 monthly salary
7 1579.06 1.12
6 1409.87 1.12
5 1258.82 1.12
4 1123.94 1.12
3 1003.52 1.12
2 896 1.12
1 800

Chart Title
1800
1600
1400
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7

N Monthly salary (RM)

a = RM800
r = 1.12 (12%)

The graph was increasing linearly by the year. On the 1st year, the monthly
salary is RM800. Followed by the second year, the monthly salary increase
12% compare to the previous year. So, the monthly salary will increase by
12% by every year.

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 Assignment No. 4

a) Tn1 ~ Tn9 : 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34

Tn10 ~ Tn15 : 55, 89, 144, 233, 377, 610

𝑇8 21 𝑇9 = 34
b) = c)
𝑇7 13 𝑇8 21
= 1.615 = 1.619

Conjecture : As the number increase, the ratio will be approach 1.618

which is known as golden ratio.

c) lim 𝑇𝑛 = 𝑇𝑛 + 1
𝑛→∞ 𝑇𝑛 − 1 lim
𝑛→∞ 𝑇𝑛

= 𝑇𝑛 − 1 + 𝑇𝑛
lim
𝑛→∞ 𝑇𝑛

= 𝑇𝑛 − 1
lim +1
𝑛→∞ 𝑇𝑛

= 𝑇𝑛 + 1
lim
𝑛→∞ 𝑇𝑛

= 𝑇𝑛
lim
𝑛→∞ 𝑇𝑛 − 1

= 𝑇𝑛 − 1 + 1
lim
𝑛→∞ 𝑇𝑛

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 𝑇𝑛
Let y = lim
𝑛→∞ 𝑇𝑛 − 1

1
y= +1
𝑦

𝑦2 − y − 1 = 0

−𝑏± 𝑏2 −4𝑎𝑐
y=
2𝑎

1± 1−4(−1)
y = 2

1± 5
y = 2

1+ 5
y = 2

y = 1.618

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d)

Product Item Width/mm Length/mm Ratio Golden ratio

Apple
iPhone 61 115 1.885

Book
55.2 89.3 1.618
cover

iPad
170 240 1.412

Paper 593 960 1.62

Drinking 64 105 1.641

box

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ei) 𝑥 = 𝑥+1
1 𝑥

𝑥2 − 𝑥 − 1 = 0

−𝑏± 𝑏2 −4𝑎𝑐
x = 2𝑎

−(−1)± 12 −4(1)(−1)
x = 2(1)

1± 1+4
x = 2

1+ 5
x = 2

x = 1.618

ii) 𝑦 = 𝑥+𝑦
𝑥 𝑦

𝑦 = ∅
𝑥
RHS = 𝑥+𝑦
𝑦

= 𝑥 + 1
𝑦

= 1 + 1
∅

= ∅

Since LHS = RHS, therefore the formula given is general golden rectangle.

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iii) Method 1:

widtht = 8cm

ℓ = 1.618
𝑤
ℓ = 1.618
8

ℓ = 13

Therefore, the length of golden rectangle is 13cm.

Method 2:

x cm

8cm

(x - 8) cm

8 𝑥
=
𝑥−8 8

x2 - 8x - 64 = 0

−(−8)± (−8)2 −4(1)(−64)

x = 2(1)
8 + 320
x = 2

x = 12.93

x = 13cm

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iv) Biggest rectangle: -

Perimeter : 20cm

2x + 2y = 20

x + y = 10

y = 10 - x ---------- (1)

A = xy

= x ( 10 - x)

= 10x - x2

𝑑𝐴 = 10x - x2
𝑑𝑥
= 10 - 2x

When 𝑑𝐴 = 0
𝑑𝑥

0 = 10 - 2x

2x = 10

x = 5 cm

When x = 5 cm

y = 10 - x
y = 10 - 5
y = 5 cm

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Golden rectangle

Method 1:

Perimeter X Y Golden ratio

20 1 9 9.000
20 2 8 4.000
20 4 6 1.500
20 8 2 0.250

Since 2 to 4 is nearer to 1.618, therefore another table is tabulated to find

out the nearer number to 1.618 .

Perimeter X Y Golden ratio

20 2.1 7.9 3.762
20 2.2 7.8 3.545
20 2.3 7.7 3.348
20 2.4 7.6 3.167
20 2.5 7.5 3.000
20 2.6 7.4 2.846
20 2.7 7.3 2.704
20 2.8 7.2 2.571
20 2.9 7.1 2.448
20 3 7 2.333
20 3.1 6.9 2.226
20 3.2 6.8 2.125
20 3.3 6.7 2.030
20 3.4 6.6 1.941
20 3.5 6.5 1.857
20 3.6 6.4 1.778
20 3.7 6.3 1.703
20 3.8 6.2 1.632
20 3.9 6.1 1.564

Since 3.8 to 3.9 is nearer to 1.618, therefore another table is tabulated to

find out the nearer number to 1.618 .

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Perimeter X Y Golden ratio
20 3.81 6.19 1.625
20 3.82 6.18 1.618
20 3.83 6.17 1.611
20 3.84 6.16 1.604

When the length of x is 3.82cm while the length of y is 6.18cm, therefore,

the golden ratio will hit 1.618 .

Method 2:
x + y = 10 ----------(1)

To get the golden length of rectangle:

𝑦
𝑥 = 1.618
y = 1.618x ----------(2)

Substitude (2) into (1):

x + y = 10

x + 1.618x = 10

2.618x = 10

x = 3.82cm

Substitude x into (1):

x + y = 10
3.82 + y = 10
y = 6.18cm

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12
Conclusion

From this chapter, I learned about progression including arithmetic

progression and geometric progression. The sequence with the
common different is called as arithmetic progression. Geometric
progression is the sequence with a common ratio.
reflection

WHEN I see THE QUESTIONS THAT I HAVE RECEIVED

THOUGHT IT WAS QUITE EASY
WHEN I START TO DO IT
Oh!!
IT IS NOT AS SIMPLE AS I THINK
BUT WITH THE HELP FROM MY BUDDY
I START TO REALISE HOW MIRICLE THE PROGRESSION IT IS
ADDITIONAL MATHEMATIC IS CHALLENGING
BUT IT COULDN’T BEAT ME !!!

References
- Text Book Additional Mathematic Form 5
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arithmetic_progression
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geometric_progression

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