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2K views95 pagesFuruno FS-1500/FS-1500P/FS-1501 User Manual
Furuno FS-1500/FS-1500P/FS-1501 User Manual
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63% found this document useful (8 votes)
2K views95 pagesFuruno FS-1500/FS-1500P/FS-1501 User Manual
Furuno FS-1500/FS-1500P/FS-1501 User Manual
Uploaded by
Sindhu KurniaCopyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
/ 95
[FURUIN®
SERVICE MANUAL
_SSB_RADIOTELEPHONE.
Movec FS—1500/1501/1500P
a FURUNO ELECTRIC CO., LTD.
NISHINOMIYA, JAPAN @FURUNO ELECTRIC CO,, LTD, [Year tocar asent/beater
9-52, Ashihara-cho,
Wishinomiya, Japan 662
Telephone: 0798-65-2111
Telefax: 0798-65-4200
WIV rights reserved,” printed in Japan
PUB, No. SME-54850-A
SEND FS-1500 SERIES No, : _FQ5-89-016
CFWRRUWILOID
Date: 1989-11
Information Issued by : FURUNO ELECTRIC CO., LTD.
QUALITY CONTROL DEPARTMENT
Addenda No.1 to FS-1500 Service Manual SM-£5485-0A ae
Addenda No.1 to FS-1550 Service Manual SM-E5510-0A
Supplement to FS-1501 Operator's Manual OM-E5485-1D .
Supplement to “Instructions for Presetting SSB Radiotelephone" TM-£5485-0A .
FS-1500/FS1550 Series Radiotelephone
Connection with T & T A/S made Telex Terminal
To operate TT-1600 with the FS-1500/FS-1550 series radiotelephone, the RX/TX
interface of TT-1600 should be preset as follows.
1) Operate TT-1600 on "System Generating Mode".
2) Select "#2-RX/TX interface".
3) Change the default setting as shown below. @
RX 1- mark = 1617 Hz
RX 1- space = 1785 Hz
TX 1- mark = 1615 Hz
TX 1- space = 1785 Hz
Receiver Post-Mute
Transmitter Pre-key
Transmitter Post-key
Slave Delay
(To be changed)
(To be changed)
(To be changed)
For Reference
@
The maximum communication distance on the ARQ mode is about 7500km. Eales
Date
Issued by : FURUNO ELECTRIC CO., LTD.
Information QUALITY CONTROL DEPARTMENT
ADDENDA NO.1 TO FS-1500 SERIES SERVICE MANUAL SM-E5485-0A -
FS-1500/1501/1500P
Errata for Service Manual
Wrong description were found in the above manual. Please amend the descrip-
tion as below.
®
Page 1-3
line 5 Wrong:V2 Correct :U2
Page 1-3
Table 1.2 a
Wrong
USBIRSE TSB. TUX Cw. AM
Tst 0 (kAz) | 54456.5 | 54453.5 | 54455.0 | 54455.0 | 54455.0
Correct
®
USB7RIE TSB TX, CH AW
Tst LO (kHz) | F+54456.5 | F454453.5 | F+54455.0 | F+54455.0 | F+54455.0
Page
line 6 to line 9
Wrong ©
Loop-1 generates, with PLL IC US and VCO Q7, a frequency from 4.55 to
34.44MHz in 10kHz steps. Mixer UB outputs Ist local oscillation frequency
(F + 54.455MHz in 10Hz steps) by mixing a frequency between 4.55 and
34.44MHz with the output frequency of the Loop-2.
Correct a
Loop-1 generates, with PLL IC US and VCO Q7, Ist local oscillation frequenc;
(F4+54.455MHz in 10Hz steps). Mixer U8 outputs a frequency from 4.55 to
34.44MHz in 1OkHz steps by mixing a frequency between 50.500 to 51.499NHz
with the output frequency of the Loop-2.
> — FURUNO
Wrong Correct
Page 1-9
Page 3-5
Note 6) No.2 26+0.5dBm/600 ohms +2620.5dBm/50 ohms
Page 3-8
No.1 Add the following words to the remarks
Connect J1 and J3 on the
COUPLER board, or terminate
the antenna with 50 ohm
dummy.
Page 5-2
R85 ‘AM CARR R3E_CARR
R87 R3E CARR AM CARR
Page 5-4
TP 2 /TP 3 PHASE DET ‘SWR DET
TP 4 /1P 5 /1P 6 | SWR DET PHASE DET
Page 6-1
HD637B01Y TOSHIBA HITACHI
Page 1-16
R26 ND487C1-3R SBL-1C *** CONTENTS ***
Page
SPECIFICATIONS thru -6-
LIST OF RECOMMENDED MAINTENANCE PARTS
CHAPTER 1 CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION 1-1 thru 1-22
lL Differences Among Models 1-1
1.2 Transceiver Unit oe
1. Transmitter Section oe
2. Local Oscillator Section 1-3
3. Receiver Section 14
4. Pane1/CPU Section 15
5. Power Supply 1-10
1.3 Antenna Coupler Unit 1-11
1. Block Description of Coupler 1-11
2. Tuning Sequence of Coupler 1-11
General Block Diagram 1-16
Transmitter Block Diagram etd
Local OSC Block Diagram 1-18
Receiver Block Diagram 1-19
Power Supply Block Diagram 1-20
Antenna Coupler Block Diagram 1-21
Frequency Spectrum 1-22
CHAPTER 2 SETTING-UP 2-1 thru 2-5
2.1 Function of DIP Switches 241
2.2 Dislay of Tant or TFIL 2-2
2.3 Channel Progranming 2-3
2.4 Alteration of Input Voltage for RECTIFIER UNIT PR-270 2-4
2.5 Alteration of Input Voltage for DC-DC CONVERTER PC-220 2-5
CHAPTER 3 ADJUSTMENT 3-1 thru 3-8
3.1 Necessary Test Instruments 3-1
3.2 Line Voltage Check 3-2
3.3 Local OSC Frequency/Level Check 3-2
3.4 PA Bias Adjustment 3-3
3.5 Transmitter Output Level Adjustment 34
3.6 Receiver Adjustment 37
3.7. Check of Antenna Coupler 38
CHAPTER 4 TROUBLESHOOTING 4-1 thru 4-8
4.1 Self-test 4-1
4.2 Replacement of Major Parts 4-2
CHAPTER 5 PARTS LOCATION 5-1 thru 5-4
5.1 Transceiver Unit 5-1
5.2 Antenna Coupler Unit 5-4 CHAPTER 6 SPECIFICATIONS OF MAJOR COMPONENTS 6-1
6.1 Specifications of IC's 6-1
CHAPTER 7 ELECTRICAL PARTS LIST EP-1 thru EP-11
INTERCONNECTION DIAGRAM D-1
SCHEMATIC DIAGRAMS : S-1 thru $-9
SCHEMATIC DIAGRAMS FOR EXTERNAL POWER SUPPLY UNIT $-10 thru $-12
APPENDIX A Connection of TELEX Terminal APA-1 thru APA-3
APPENDIX B Notes for Flush Mount Installation APB-1
APPENDIX C ITU/TELEX Frequency List APC-1 thru APC-5 GENERAL
Communication System
Frequency Range
Type of Oscillation
Class of Emission
Number of Channels
Frequency Stability
Ambient Temperature Range
Power Supply and
Power Consumption
Frequency Selection
Dinmer
Display
1/0 Connections
SPECIFICATIONS OF FS-1500
Simplex or semi-duplex
1.6 to 23MHz
10Hz resolution PLL synthesizer
93E: (USB)
R3E: (USB with pilot carrier)
H3E: (AM Compatible)
Transmit/Receive
Factory preset 64 semi-duplex or
128 simplex channels.
2182kHz (H3E, single action key)
Receive only
Free synthesis in 10Hz resolution
192 ITU SSB and 338 ITU TELEX channels
Better than +40Hz at 0°C to +40°C
(After 15 minutes warm up)
20°C to +55°C
12VDC -10/+30% (Nominal 13.6V)
Receive 1.24
Transmit. 18A (peak 30A)
Touchpad key and/or dial knob
Illumination for touchpad key panel and LCD
panel (4 steps)
Channel number, Frequency, Class of emission,
Status of controls, Signal strength, Antenna
current or 50 ohm output line current
Microphone, External Antenna Coupler Coating Color Cabinet 2 2.5GY 5/1.5
Front Panel : N-3.0
Dimensions and Weight 100mm x 250mm x 260mm (3.9" x 8.9" x 11.0")
5.8kg (12.8 Ibs.)
RECEIVER
Frequency Range 1.6 to 23MHz
Receiving System Double conversion superheterodyne
IF: 54,455MHz and 455kHz
Sensitivity Input level to produce SINAD 20dB
3E/R3E: — 6dBUY
HBE: 20dBuV
Selectivity 2.4kHz at -6dB (J3E)
4.5kHz at -60dB (J3E)
Audio Output Internal speaker: 1W
External 4 ohm speaker: SW max.
Handset: 50mW
Controls Fine tuning by dial, Squelch ON/OFF, Scanning
ON/OFF, Speaker ON/OFF, Volume contro?
TRANSMITTER
Output Impedance 50 ohms
RF Output Power J3E/R3E —-150Kpep
HE 37.5W
TUNE 10W
Power Reduction Less than 60Kpep
Controls Output HI/LOW, Test/Send of Two-tone Alarm,
2182kHz single action key GENERAL
Communication System
Frequency Range
Type of Oscillation
Class of Emission
Number of Channels
Frequency Stability
Ambient Temperature Range
Power Supply and
Power Consumption
Frequency Selection
Dimmer
Display
‘SPECIFICATIONS OF FS-1500P
‘Simplex or semi-duplex
1.6 to 23MHz
10Hz resolution PLL synthesizer
J3E: (USB)
R3E: (USB with pilot carrier)
H3E: (AM Compatible)
Transmit/Receive
Factory preset max. 64 semi-duplex
or 128 simplex channels
Single action 2182kHz (H3E)
Better than 440Hz at 0°C to +40°C
(After 15 minutes warm up)
20°C to 455°C
12VDC -10/+30% (Nominal 13.6¥)
Receiving 1.28
Transmit 18A (peak 308)
Touchpad key and/or dial knob
Illumination for touchpad key panel and LCD
panel (4 steps)
Channel number, Frequency, Class of emission,
Status of controls, Signal strength, Antenna
current or 50 ohm output line current Coating Color Cabinet : 2.56Y 5/1.5
Front Panel : N-3.0
Dimensions and Weight 100mm x 250mm x 280mm (3.9" x 8.9" x 11.0")
5.8kg (12.8 Ibs.)
RECEIVER
Frequency Range 1.6 to 23MHz
Receiving System Double conversion superheterodyne
IF: 54.455MHz and 455kHz
Sensitivity Input level to produce SINAD 20dB
J3E/R3E: — 6dBuV
HOE: 20aBuV
Selectivity 2.4kHz at -6dB (J3E)
4.5kHz at -60dB (J3E)
Audio Output Internal speaker: 1W
External 4 ohm speaker: 5W max.
Handset: 5OmW
Controls Fine tuning by dial, Squelch ON/OFF, Scanning
ON/OFF, Speaker ON/OFF, Volume control
TRANSMITTER
Output Impedance 50 ohms
RF Output Power J3E/R3E —-100Wpep
HE 25H
TUNE 10W
Power Reduction Less than 60Kpep
Controls Output HI/LOW, Test/send of Two-tone Alarm,
2182kHz single action key GENERAL
Communication System
Frequency Range
Type of Oscillation
Class of Emission
Number of Channels
Frequency Stability
Ambient Temperature Range
Power Supply and
Power Consumption
Frequency Selection
Dimmer
Display
1/0 Connections
SPECIFICATIONS OF FS-1501
Simplex or semi-duplex
1.6 to 23MHz
10Hz resolution PLL synthesizer
J3E: (USB/LSB)
R3E: (USB with pilot carrier)
H3E: (AM Compatible)
F1B: (Radioteletype)
AIA: (Telegraph)
1) Free synthesis in 10Hz resolution
2) User preset 64 semi-duplex or 128 simplex
channels
3) Factory Preset 192 ITU SSB channels
4) Factory preset 338 ITU TELEX channels
5) 2182kHz (J3E, single action)
Better than +20Hz at -20°C to +55°C
(After 15 minutes warm up)
-20°C to +55°C
12VDC -10/+30% (Nominal 13.6¥)
Receiving 1.20
Transmit 18A (peak 30A)
CW (keyed) 20A
Touchpad Key and/or Dial Encoder
Illumination for touchpad key panel and LCD
panel (4 steps)
Channel number, Frequency, Class of emission,
Status of controls, Signal strength, Antenna
current or 50 ohm output line current
Microphone, External Antenna Coupler, Telegraph
key, Radioteletype terminal (option) Coating Color Cabinet 1 2.5GY 5/1.5
Front Panel : N-3.0
Dimensions and Weight 100mm x 250mm x 280rm (3.9" x 8.9" x 11.0")
5.8kg (12.81bs.)
RECEIVER
Receiving System Double conversion superheterodyne
IF : 54.455MHz and 455kHz
Sensitivity Input level to produce SINAD 20dB
J3E/R3E: 6dBuV
WBE: 20dBuV
Selectivity 2.4kHz at -6dB (J3E)
4.5kHz at -60dB (J3E)
Audio Output. Internal speaker: 1W
External 4 ohm speaker: 5W max.
Handset: 50mW
Controls Fine tuning by dial, Squelch ON/OFF, Scanning
ON/OFF, Speaker ON/OFF, Volume control
TRANSMITTER
Output Impedance 50 ohms
RF Output Power I3E/R3E 150Wpep
HBE 37.5W
FIB/AIA 75H
TUNE 10W
Power Reduction Less than 60Wpep
Controls Output HI/LOW, Test/send of Two-tone Alarm
Generator, 2182kHz single action key DEPOT MAINTENANCE PARTS FOR 10 SETS IN 2 YEARS
SHIPBORNE RUNNING PARTS FOR 1 SET IN 2 YEARS
aL
MAINTENANCE PARTS LIST
#2
FOR FS1500/1501/1500P
— FURUNO
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ALTLNVAD. 1.1 Differences Among Models
CHAPTER 1 CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
This manual describes the three models of the Furuno FS-1500 Series
Radiotelephone: FS-1500/1500P/1501.
are tabulated below;
Table 1.1 Differences Among Models
The differences among the three models
Teen FS=I500 FS=1500 FS=I50
Designed for: The countries | Philippines, | USA
where the use | Thailand
of free syn-
thesizer set
is prohibited.
Class oF TIE TSOWpep TooRpep TSOnpep
Emission and [~J3E(LSB) TSOWpep
Output Power [RIE TOMBE TSOWpEp
HSE. 37.50 SH 37.50
FI 75H
AIA 73H
TUNE TOW TOW TOW
Sees H3E W3E J3E
fey’stroke |_37-5H 25H 150Kpep
thanneTs RX free
synthesis ee a ee
1K free
synthesis ee oan —
Wax. 64
Yes Yes Yes
Semi-duplex | (Factory (Factory (User
Spat irate | apraset) preset) preset)
192 ITU [Receive
SSB onl. a a
338 1TU [Receive
Telex ont =z ase
‘other Connection | Yes, where = Yes
Facilities | of telex | permitted. (optional
terminal | (optional connector kit
connector required)
kit required. }
Display of | Yes, when =
assigned | the’ setting
telex is changed.
frequenc, 1.2. Transceiver Unit
The FS-1500 series readiotelephone set is of a modern, 2-unit design. The 2
units are transceiver unit and Antenna Coupler unit. The transceiver unit
contains 6 Printed Circuit Boards; the CPU board, TX/RX board, TX FIL board,
PA board, RELAY board and the SW REG board.
1. Transmitter Section
Refer to the Transmitter Block Diagrams on page 1-17.
‘An audio signal applied to the microphone is amplified by U10 of the TX/RX
board. U10 also compresses excessive level of speech to achieve proper
modulation level.
The compressed audio signal is switched by Hybrid IC U12 and applied to
Double Balanced Modulator (DBM) CR28. The DBM modulates the audio signal
with the 3rd local oscillation frequency 456.5kHz (USB) and outputs a Double
Side Band (DSB) signal with suppressed carrier.
The DSB signal is amplified by Buffer Amplifier Q12 and passed to Crystal
Filter FL3 where unwanted Upper Side Band (USB) component is rejected and
only Lower Side Band (LSB) component is selected.
In order to inject the carrier for class of emission R3E and H3E, the 3rd
local oscillation frequency 456.5kHz is injected at the output of FL3 and
carrier level for R3E and H3E is adjusted by potentiometer R85 and R67,
respectively.
The LSB signal is mixed with the 2nd local oscillation frequency 54MHz by
the 2nd Mixer CR27 DBM, resulting in the output of a 54.455MHz LSB signal.
The 54.455MHz LSB signal is amplified by Buffer Amplifier Q10 and passes
through Crystal Filter FL1 (54.455MHz) where unwanted components are
deleted.
The Ist Mixer CR26 DBM mixes the LSB signal with the Ist local oscillation
frequency (f + 54.4565MHz) to generate a transmit frequency ("f") from 1.6
to 23 MHz. As the Mixer outputs the difference frequency, the LSB signal is
converted to a USB signal.
The USB signal output goes to a combination of a Low Pass Filter (LPF) and a
High Pass Filter (HPF) consisting of coils L7 to L10 and capacitors C48 to
C57 which delete unwanted components.
The USB signal is amplified by Wideband Amplifier IC U2 and Buffer Amplifiers Q7
and Q5 to a level required to drive the B04 Power Amplifier (P.A.).
In the PA section an input from the TX/RX board is amplified by two push-
pull amplifiers, consisting of QI and Q2, and Q3 and Q4, to a level of nomi-
nal output power. The Power Amplifier incorporates Temperature Detector, comprised of RT2 and
Ul, which monitors the temperature of the power amplifier transistors. When
the temperature at the top of the transistors exceeds approx. 80°C, the
Temperature Detector outputs DC voltage which is recognized as "over-temp"
by MPU, resulting that the gain of Wideband Amplifier V2 of the TX/RX board
is decreased "LOW POWER".
The output of the PA passes through an LPF in the BO3 TX FIL board where
harmonics of the signal are deleted. Spurious components contained in the
signal output from the LPF are attenuated by at least 65 dB relative to the
wanted signal.
LPF Cut-of f_ Frequency
BT” 2.4 WAZ
82 3.6 MHZ
B3 6.0 MHz
84 10.0 MHz
B5 18.0 MHz
86 30.0 MHZ
L14, CRI, CR2 and UI of the TX FIL board form the SWR Detector which detects
excessive Standing Wave due to antenna matching failure or open-circuited or
short-circuited antenna terminal. Should one of these occur, the SWR detec-
tor reduces the gain of the Wideband Amplifier U2 in the BOZ2 TX/RX board to
protect the PA from damage. U2 also controls power reduction with DC volt
age sent by the CPU.
If the PA is driven to produce output power exceeding the rated power, the
DC voltage of the ALC signal is increased, gain at U2 is decreased and the
drive level (output level of the TX/RX board) is decreased so as not to
exceed the rated output power.
2. Local Oscillator Section
Refer to the Local Oscillator Block Diagram on Page 1-18.
Al] local oscillation frequencies are generated by the VCO (Voltage
Controlled Oscillator) section of the TX/RX board.
Table 1.2 Local Oscillation Frequency
USB7RIE_[ LSB TX cw AM
Tst_LO (kHz) | 54456.5 | 54453.5 | 54455.0 [5455.0 54455.0
ind LO_(kHz) | 54000.0 | 64000.0 | 5400.0 | 54000.0 54000.0
3rd LO (kHz) | 456.5 453.5 456.7 ee 455.0
49.5 MHz is oscillated by crystal YI in the oven and U9. 49.5 MHz is
divided by 11 by U0, becoming 4.5 MHz, which is used as the reference fre-
quency for the Phase Lock Loops.
1-3 The Ist local oscillation frequency is generated by 2 Phase Lock Loops,
Loop-1 and Loop-2. A frequency between 50.500 and 51.499. MHz in 1 kHz steps
is produced by PLL IC UZ and VCO Ql. The resultant frequency is divided by
100 by U3 and mixed with 49.5 MHz by U4 resulting in the generation of a
frequency between 50.00500 and 50.01499 MHz in 10 Hz increments.
Loop-1 generates, with PLL IC U5 and VCO Q7, a frequency from 4.55 to
34.44MHz in 10kHz steps. Mixer U8 outputs Ist local oscillation frequency
(f + 54.455MHz in 10 Hz steps) by mixing a frequency between 4.55 and
34.44MHz with the output frequency of the Loop-2.
The 2nd local oscillation frequency (54.0MHz) is synthesized with the crys-
tal oscillation frequency (49.5 MHz) and the reference frequency (4.5MHz).
Loop-3 consisting of PLL IC U11 and VCO Q15 generates a frequency between
45.35 and 45.68MHz in 10kHz steps. This is divided by 100 by U12 to gener-
ate the 3rd local oscillation frequency (453.5 to 456.8kHz) depending on
class of emission.
3. Receiver Section
Refer to the Receiver Block Diagram on page 1-19.
A received frequency ("f"), passes through the antenna matching network in
the antenna coupler unit, and is sent to an LPF in B03 TX FIL board. The
signal then passes through the BC rejection filter which deletes incoming
broadcasting signal in the BC band and an LPF which protects local frequency
signals from passing through the antenna system. The received signal is
passed through Induction Rejector CRI and CR2, amplified by RF Amplifier QI
and Q2 and supplied to the Ist Mixer CR26 DBM.
Ist mixer mixes the received signal with the Ist local oscillation frequency
(f + 54.455 MHz). The Ist IF (54.455 MHz) passes through filter FL4 (+4kHz
bandwidth) for rejection of unwanted components and then is amplified by Ul.
The amplified Ist IF signal is mixed with the 2nd local oscillation fre-
quency (54.0 MHz) by the 2nd Mixer CR27 DBM resulting in the output of the
455 kHz 2nd IF signal. CR16, CR17 and the hybrid IC U4 cut spike noise in
the 2nd IF signal. The 2nd IF signal is applied to a bandpass filter FL3,
FL4 or FL5 in accordance with the class of emission selected. It is then
amplified by hybrid IC U7 and supplied to Detector CR28 thru a BPF and
Buffer Amplifier Q13.
R28 mixes the 2nd IF signal with the 3rd local oscillation frequency
(456.5MHz, for USB), which results in the output of an audio frequency
signal.
For reception of an H3E signal, Detectors CR19 and CR20 are used to obtain
the audio signal which is amplified by hybrid IC U8.
UB also generates an AGC signal to control with voltage gain of the Ist IF
Amplifier U1 and the 2nd IF Amplifier U7.
1-4 The audio signal is applied to hybrid IC U12 and then fed to Line Amplifier
U15. The output of the Line Amplifier is used as "LINE OUTPUT" signal, but
also is applied to Squelch Control U11. The squelch control mutes au
output in the absence of a signal.
The audio signal is finally amplified by AF Power Amplifier U13 to drive a
loudspeaker. The level of audio output is adjustable by a volume control on
the front panel.
4. Panel/CPU Section
Refer to the General Block Diagram on page 1-16.
MPU UI of the BOT CPU board receives and processes key and channel selector
operations. Received signal strength or antenna current is converted into a
digital signal by Analog-to-Digital Converter U3 and processed by the MPU.
Signal strength or antenna current (or 50 ohm line current) is graphically
indicated on the LCD.
ITU channel data is stored in the ROM section of the MPU. User-programmed
channel data (2 x 64 channels) is stored in the Electrically Erasable PROM
v4.
When a frequency is selected through the keyboard or a rotary knob, the MPU
displays the frequency on the LCD and sends necessary data to each PLL on
the TX/RX board.
For dinmer adjustment, the MPU controls the amount of current supplied to
each illumination lamp in accordance with instructions received through the
keyboard.
The following descriptions provide more detailed information about the devi-
ces employed by the BO1 CPU board. The Schematic Diagram on page S-2 should
also be referred to.
1-5 «<< UL >>
System Control
Front panel key or dial operation is received by the MPU Ul and after it is
judged to be valid or invalid, required data are synchronized by the clock
and sent to each circuit block.
The figure below shows the outline block diagram of U1.
et ssuE
PniSCun)
Tou)
Pests
PRR
Pes)
rag)
ba}
Fig. 1-1 Block Diagram of U1 of CPU Board
1-6 UL is a one chip microprocessor comprised of an 8 bit CPU, 256 Byte RAM, 16k
Byte ROM, timers, serial and parallel interfaces, etc. Because it is of one
chip construction, no external ROM/RAM is used. ‘Consequently, data loaded
on the data bus or the address bus is not directly sent to external circuits
but is passed through a parallel or series 1/0 port where external events
(key operation, etc.) are monitored and control signals are sent to external
circuits.
The ROM preserves, when the power is removed or reset, system control
program, test program, ITU channel frequencies and corresponding data and
other fixed data.
The RAM temporarily stores key operations, last-selected channel frequency
and channel data (Simp/Dup/Class of Emission). Channel frequency and chan-
nel data are preserved by this RAM when the power is removed.
«<< U2 >>
U2, a LCD Control IC, drives the LCD display according to data/commands
serially sent from the MPU.
Transmission of Conmand/Data
Serial data input and clock from pin SCK are sent out via pin SI to an
internal shift register.
Transmission data; i.e., conmand or display data, are differentiated by the
C/D pin, The MPU monitors the BUSY output of the LCD Control, and if
"READY" transmits data.
Driving the LCD
The LCD is made up of 4 common lines and 32 segment lines. An area on the
LCD is blackened by voltage applied to its corresponding segment.
«<< U3 >>
A/D Converter U3 digitally converts receive signal strength or antenna
current and sends it to the MPU as synchronous serial data. The address
data to determine which one of four analog inputs should be A/D converted ts
sent from the MPU as synchronous serial data. After A/D conversion is
completed, the EOC (End Of Conversion) terminal goes into "L" state. The
CPU reads EOC terminal status and outputs a clock signal to SCK (shift
clock) terminal of U3. Then, U3, in synchronization with the shift clock,
returns converted data to the CPU via pin SO. Note that in actual practice
only two of four channels are used; AO (receive signal strength) and Al
(antenna current or 50 ohm line current).
<< U4 >>
U4 stores user channel data (Simp/Dup/Class of Emission) which has been mem-
orized by channel programming.
1-7 << US >>
Chip Selection (Address Decoder,
US is partially comprised of two 2-to 4-1ine decoders; one reads key opera-
tion and the other is used for controlling LCD driver U2 and A/D
Converter U3.
Reading of Key Operation
As shown in the figure below, the keyboard is arranged in 4 rows X 4 columns
of keys (16 keys total). Which one of the four rows of keys should be
binarally converted is determined by the MPU's two bit address P54/55. Each
column has a pull-up resistor and whenever a key is pressed the
corresponding column goes into "L" state. Data sent froma column is read
by Input Ports P10-13 and compared with address (row) information to deter-
mine which key has been pressed. Note that the entire operation is not ini-
tiated as soon as a key is pressed; the MPU continually reads key status in
fixed intervals.
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1-8 << U6 >>
Analog Multiplexer U6 reads DIP Switch status. As shown below, U6 is an
8-contact rotary switch. The setting selected is binarally converted at the
terminals A, B and C for output to the MPU. Since a pull-up resistor 1s
connected to the COM terminal, the switch selected goes into "L" state when
ON and "H" state when OFF.
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Fig. 1-3 Analog Multiplexer U6
<< U7 >>
Lamp Status
Parallel Input/Series Output Shift Register U7 controls lamp ON/OFF status.
When the DIM key is pressed, the CPU serially loads shift clock and data
onto P35/36, respectively, and sends them to U7. Mhen updating of data is
completed, the contents of U7 are latched by a latch pulse output from P37
to the open-drain output.
1-9 Power Supply Section
Refer to the Power Supply Block Diagram on page 1-20.
The power supply section consists of RELAY and SW REG boards.
The operating range of this section is 12V +30%, -10%.
A regulated power supply (model PR-270) is prepared for AC ship's mains and
a DC-DC converter (model PC-220), for 24V/32VDC. When external power supply
unit is prepared locally, use a unit whose able current output is from 2A to
max. 30A with minimum voltage fluctuation. An ordinary rectifier can not be
used.
A 2m power cable with two 30A fuses in snap-in holders is supplied as
standard. If another type of cable is used, ensure that it is properly
"fused."
The negative terminal of the battery is floating. Input voltage is always
applied to the relay KI, overvoltage detector consisting of Qi, U1, and an
oven even if the power is off.
When the power switch is turned on, the relay KI is driven and input voltage
is applied to the switching regulator and a PA circuit.
The PA circuit operates with the input voltage, but other circuits operate
with internal +15V provided by the switching regulator or +5V produced from
the +15V.
The antenna coupler is also powered with +15V. A 1A breaker is provided in
the coupler. +5V for the coupler is produced internally.
1-10 1.3. Antenna Coupler Unit
+ Block Description of Coupler
Refer to the Antenna Coupler Block Diagram on page 1-21.
When the PTT switch or [TUNE] key is depressed, "tune" signal is applied to
the Antenna Coupler, Relay K1 and K2 are energized and CW signal of approx.
10W is fed from the transceiver 50 ohm antenna terminal to the reactive
antenna through a Phase Detector, VSWR Detector (TZ), the Matching Network
consisting of C1-C18 and L1-L10 and Antenna Current Detector (13).
MPU U8 selects, according to signals sent from T1 and 12, suitable constants
through a combination of capacitors and coils. The initial constants are
automatically defined by the MPU depending on the frequency which is read
out by a counter consisting of Qi and Ul. The suitable value is stored in
the memory of U8 as initial value, for use when the same frequency is
selected later. This stored data is held for about one week by super capac-
itor C42.
The function of DIP switches S3 to S6 is to enable manual matching on
2182kHz. An LED is provided for each relay to indicate switching on or off
capacitors and coils. LED CR53 and CR54 are lighted when the matching L-C
network is in circuit. LED's CR33 through CR52 are lighted when the rele-
vant coil or capacitor is connected.
S] “TUNE” is provided to enable manual tuning.
‘A 50 ohm dummy composed of R25 thru R27 is incorporated for adjusting the
VSWR detector. Shunt capacitor C16 thru C18 is normally connected between
antenna line and ground to reduce the antenna impedance. Connectors are
provided to disconnect the shunt capacitor when only low frequencies are
used.
2. Tuning Sequence of Coupler
The basic function of the coupler is to check matching condition whenever
there is a change in frequency. If data for a matching condition are
available (stored in memory), the coupler reads such data and immediately
makes matching.
Fig. 1.4 shows impedance characteristics of vertical grounding type antenna
used for ships. When the length of the antenna is shorter than 1/42, the
characteristic of the antenna is "capacitive". When the length is 1/40, it
shows a pure resistance of approx. 36 ohms.
When the length is longer than that, "inductive" characteristic is obtained.
Then the value of radiation resistance becomes from several hundred ohms to
several kilo ohms depending on the size of wire, environmental conditions,
and structure. A peak value is obtained at 1/2A.
For example, in a 7m-long antenna, the characteristic is capacitive for the
frequency range from 1.6 to 12 MHz and inductive for over 12MHz.
1-11 Radiation
Resistance
Inductive
Antenna Length
Capacitive
Impedance Characteristics of Vertical Grounding Antenna
fal
In the case of a "capacitive antenna" (Fig. 1-5), a coil "Lx" to cancel the
capacitance "Ca" is connected. When viewed from the left side of the
matching network, the impedance "Zx" on the right side becomes "ra". The
Circuits of "Lo" and "Co" converts the impedance viewed from the cable con-
nection side "Zo" (50 ohm) and "Zx" from the antenna side.
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Fig. Capacitive Antenna
In the case of an “inductive antenna" (Fig. 1-6), a capacitor "Cx" to cancel
the inductance "La'" is connected. Conversion is made by "Lo" and "Co".
The positions for inserting capacitor and coil are different between capaci-
tive and inductive antennas.
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Fig. 1-6 Inductive Antenna
1-12 Fig. 1.7 shows the matching circuit of AT-1500.
A matching circuit of L and C according to the antenna condition mentioned
earlier is made by switching a number of coils and capacitors with relays.
An opi rman 0) comma tcal 19 automat ely sole: ted by, the control of, the
PU.
Ki2
The matching procedure is basically as follows;
1, When TUNE switch or PTT switch of FS-1500 is pressed, AT-1500 will auto-
matically start controlling.
FS-1500 is set to the "CW" mode and ready for transmission. The power 1s
set to approx. 10W.
3. AT-1500 starts *to select matching points. In order to make matching,
phase and SWR value are detected for use as data. L-C combination 1s
selected using a CPU-stored program.
4. When the optimum condition is detected, tuning is stopped and L-C combi-
nation is stored in the RAM.
5. Transmission is stopped by a BUSY signal from AT-1500 and the last-used
mode is restored.
These procedures are shown in the flow chart on the next page.
1-13 tune staat >
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[SWR less than 22
Make the matching network “THRU
No.
‘GWA less than 157
Fela it rtaned,
Yes
No,
"TUNE END and TUNE ERROR signals
= output to stop tuning
111.3, data ae store,
Plays retained _
[UNE END signalie ouput and
turing is stopped
rr
END
1-14 Operations of L-C matching network
The matching operation starts by conducting the "phase check" to estimate
the approximate values of L and C. Then, the best SWR value is found by
increasing/decreasing "C".
[Capacitive antenna]
Le
2
"Phase Check" is conducted.
"L" is increased to find the point where the phase changes from
"capacitive" to "inductive".
While observing SWR value, "L" is increased slightly and then "C" is
increased.
Step 3 is repeated until the point where SWR is less than 1.3 is found.
When a combination of L and C which satisfies "SWR 1.3" is found, the
data is stored in the RAM.
If time has expired before a combination of L and C which satisfies "SWR
1.3" is found and SWR is less than 1.5, the data is stored in the RAM.
[Inductive antenna}
i
2.
3.
4
5.
“Phase Check" is conducted.
"C" is increased to find the point where the phase changes from
"inductive" to "capacitive".
While observing SWR value,
increased.
is increased slightly and then "L" is
Step 3 is repeated until the point which satisfies "SWR 1.3" is found.
Same as steps 5 and 6 for "capacitive antenna".
* If a data which satisfies "SWR 2" is not found from the data obtained
by the latest matching sequence, the matching network is made "THROUGH"
and tuning is stopped.
(Time out = 15 sec. In this condition "TUNE Ok" is not indicated but some
of the power can be emitted in spite of mismatching.) 2
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