PROJECT ----------

WATER AND
WASTEWATER TITLE SEISMIC DESIGN OF ELEVATED TANK
TREATMENT

1 SCOPE
This document covers the Design Calculation for the Structure----------------------------- for Project------------------------.----------------------

2 DESCRIPTION OF STRUCTURE
The Elevated tank structure has Plan area of ------------.

3 DESIGN PHILOSOPHY
The Elevated Tank is designed for earthquake effects according to IS 1893 (Part II). The Tank is designed for the dynamic effects of s
as well as the effects due to fluid- structure interaction.When a tank containing liquid with a free surface is subjected to horizontal
ground motion, tank wall and liquid are subjected to horizontal acceleration,The liquid exerts impulsive and convective hydrodynam
on the tank wall and tank base in addition to hydrostatic pressure. In order to include the effect of hydrodynamic pressure in the an
idealized as a spring mass model , which includes the effect of wall- liquid interaction.

4 DESIGN INFORMATION
4.1 Material Data
Concrete
Characteristic cube compressive strength of concrete fck = 30 N/mm2
Modulus of Elasticity of concrete Ec = 5000 *fck
= 27386.13 N/mm2
Unit weight of concrete c = 25 kN/m3
Permissible stress in concrete under compression bending cbc = 10 N/mm2
Permissible stress in steel reinforcement st = 130 N/mm2
k = 0.418
j = 0.861
R = 1.798
Permissible stress in concrete under bending with tension bt = 2 N/mm2

Reinforcement
Characteristic yield strength of steel fy = 415 N/mm2
Unit weight of steel st = 78.5 kN/m3

Soil
Saturated density of soil sat = 17 kN/m3
Density of water w = 9.8 kN/m3
Submerged density of soil sub=sat-w = 7.2 kN/m3
Coefficient of earth pressure ko = 0.33
Height of soil outside Hs = 5.3 m
Angle of internal friction 30 Degrees
Cover Provided (Soil) Cov = 50 mm
Cover Provided (Water) Covw = 30 mm

4.2 Geotechnical Data

Unit weight of Soil s = 18 kN/m3
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WATER AND
WASTEWATER TITLE SEISMIC DESIGN OF ELEVATED TANK
TREATMENT
Allowable NET bearing pressure on Soil q safe. = 100 kN/m3 @ Depth of
1.5 m from EGL
Allowable GROSS bearing pressure on soil qusafe. = 127 kN/m3

4.3 Design Input

Length of wall panel (Along X-direction) L_w = 20 m

Width of wall panel (Along Y-direction) W_w = 10 m
Depth of sump D_w = 5.3 m
Height of water inside the Tank h_w = 5 m
L_w/W_w = 2
Total thickness of wall provided T_w = 1250 mm (Assumed)
Thickness of base slab assumed T_bs = 500 mm
Thickness of roof slab T_rs = 150 mm
Dead load on roof slab W_d = 3 kN/m2
Live load on roof slab W_l = 3 kN/m2
Surcharge load Intensity q_s = 5 kN/m2
Number of columns n = 12
Height of columns hc = 2.5 m
Type of columns = Rectangular
Size of columns a = 0.4 m
b = 0.4 m
Diameter of column (In case column is circular in section) d = 0.4 m

4.4 Factor Of Safety

Allowable FOS against uplif = 1.2
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WATER AND
WASTEWATER TITLE SEISMIC DESIGN OF ELEVATED TANK
TREATMENT

5 SEISMIC DESIGN OF TANK

CONDITION 1: TANK FULL WITH LIQUID
Analysis along X-direction
5.1 Parameters of spring mass model Formulaes used for
Geometric parameters h_w/L_w = 0.25 spring mass
hi/h_w=0.375 for h
hi/h_w hi/h_w=0.5-(0.09375/(h_w/L
= 0.375

hi*/h_w = 1.610 0.866*L_w/h_w/2tanh(0.86

h_w/L_w <

0.45 for h_w/L

hc/h_w = 0.524 1-((cosh3.16*h_
(3.16*h_w/L_w*sinh
hc*/h_w = 1.986 1-((cosh(3.16*h_w
(3.16*h_w/L_w*sinh(
mi/m = 0.288
Tanh(0.866*L_w/h_w)/

mc/m = 0.695
0.264*Tanh(3.16*h_w

Height at which the resultant of impulsive hydrodynamic pressure hi = 1.875 m

on wall is located from the bottom of tank wall

Height at which the resultant of impulsive hydrodynamic pressure hi* = 8.052 m

on wall and base is located from the bottom of tank wall

Height at which the resultant of convective hydrodynamic pressure hc = 2.622 m

on wall is located from the bottom of tank wall

Height at which the resultant of convective hydrodynamic pressure hc* = 9.930 m

on wall and base is located from the bottom of tank wall

Height of combined centre of gravity of half impulsive mass(m i/2) = 2.293 m

And mass of one wall(mw)

Height of centre of gravity of empty container from top of floor slab hcg = 2.173 m

Mass of water in the tank m = 1000000 kg

Impulsive mass of liquid in the tank mi = 288118.4 kg

Convective mass of liquid in the tank mc = 695279.9 kg

Lateral Stiffness of Staging Ks = 538433.2 KN/m

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WATER AND
WASTEWATER TITLE SEISMIC DESIGN OF ELEVATED TANK
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Y
B 10 m
X

20 m
5.2 Weight calculations L

Weight of tank wall wtw = 10765.63 KN

Mass of tank wall mw = 1097413.35 kg

Weight of base slab wbs = 3515.625 KN

Mass of base slab mb = 358371.56 kg

Weight of water ww = 9810 KN

Mass of one wall mw' = 168833 kg

Weight of roof slab wrs = 1054.688 KN

Mass of roof slab(Including dead load & live load components) mt = 279529.8 kg

Weight of columns wc = 120.0 KN

Weight of staging ws = 120.0 KN

Weight of empty container wec = 15335.9 KN

Weight of container + one third weight of staging = 15375.9 KN

Mass of empty container + one third mass of staging ms = 1567373.85 Kg

5.3 Time period

5.3.1 Impulsive mode

Time period of impulsive mode Ti = 0.369 sec Ti=2(

5.3.2 Convective mode

Input parameters

Coefficient of time period for convective mode Cc = 4.356 Cc=2/(3.16*ta

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WATER AND
WASTEWATER TITLE SEISMIC DESIGN OF ELEVATED TANK
TREATMENT

Inside length of tank parallel to the direction of seismic force L = 20 m

Time period of convective mode Tc = 6.22 sec Tc=Cc

X
20

h
10

X
Rectangular tank wall subjected to uniformly Rectangular tank with columns acting as sta
distributed pressure
M1 X1

Mo

Equivalent dynamic system for an elevated water tank

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WATER AND
WASTEWATER TITLE SEISMIC DESIGN OF ELEVATED TANK
TREATMENT

5.4 Design horizontal seismic coefficient

Input parameters

Seismic zone in accordance with IS 1893-2002 SZ = 3

Zone factor Z = 0.16

Importance factor for the structure I = 1.5

Response reduction factor for Underground structure R = 2.5

Type of soil at site TS = HARD

5.4.1 Impulsive mode

Time period for impulsive mode Ti = 0.37 sec

Spectral acceleration coefficients for rock and soil sites (Sa/g)i = 2.500

Damping D = 5 %

Damping multiplication factor DF = 1

Design horizontal seismic coefficient for impulsive mode (Ah)i = 0.120 (Ah)i=(Z/2)

5.4.2 Convective mode

Time period for convective mode Tc = 6.22 sec

Spectral acceleration coefficients for rock and soil sites (Sa/g)c = 0.161

Damping D = 0.5 %

Damping multiplication factor DF = 1.75

Design horizontal seismic coefficient for convective mode (Ah)c = 0.014 (Ah)c=(Z/2)

5.5 Base shear calculations

5.5.1 Impulsive mode

Base shear at bottom of the wall in impulsive mode Vi = 1960.1 KN Vi=(Ah)i(m

Base shear at the bottom of staging in impulsive mode Vcx* = 2184.3 KN Vcx*=(A
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WATER AND
WASTEWATER TITLE SEISMIC DESIGN OF ELEVATED TANK
TREATMENT

5.5.2 Convective mode

Base shear at bottom of the wall in convective mode Vc = 92.11685 KN Vc=(A

Base shear at bottom of staging in convective mode Vcc* = 92.11685 KN Vcc=(A

Total base shear at the bottom of wall V = 1962.274 KN V=

The lateral base shear is about 7.804 % of total seismic weight 25146 KN of tank

Total base shear at the bottom of staging Vs = 2186.227 KN V=

The lateral base shear is about 8.68 % of total seismic weight 25186 KN of tank

5.6 Moment at bottom of wall

5.6.1 Impulsive mode

Bending moment at the bottom of wall in impulsive mode Mi = 5852.8 KN-m Mi=(Ah)i(mih

5.6.2 Convective Mode

Bending moment at the bottom of wall in convective mode Mc = 241.57 KN-m Mc=(A

Total bending moment at the bottom of tank wall M = 5857.792 KN-m M=(

5.7 Overturning moment

5.7.1 Impulsive mode

Overturning moment at the bottom of base slab in impulsive mode Mi* = 9033.4 KN-m

Overturning moment at the bottom of staging in impulsive mode Mis* = 7587.651 KN-m
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WATER AND
WASTEWATER TITLE SEISMIC DESIGN OF ELEVATED TANK
TREATMENT
5.7.2 Convective mode

Overturning moment at the bottom of base slab in convective mode Mc* = 960.7664 KN-m

Overturning moment at the bottom of staging in convective mode Mcs* = 1145 KN-m

Total overturning moment at the bottom of base slab M* = 9084.349 KN-m M=(M

Total overturning moment at the bottom of staging M s* = 7673.557 KN-m M=(M

5.8 Hydrodynamic pressure

5.8.1 Impulsive mode

Coefficient of impulsive pressure on tank wall Qiw = 0.864 Qiw=0.866*[1-(y/h_w)

Coefficient of impulsive pressure on tank base Qib = 0.171 Qib=sinh(1.732*x/h_w

Impulsive hydrodynamic pressure at the base of wall Piw = 5.087 KN/m2 Piw=Qiw

Impulsive hydrodynamic pressure on top of base slab Pib = 1.008 KN/m2 Pib=Qib(

5.8.2 Convective mode

Coefficient of convective pressure on tank wall (y=0) Qcw0 = 0.313

Coefficient of convective pressure on tank wall (y=h) Qcwh = 0.417

Coefficient of convective pressure on tank base slab Qcb = 0.314

Convective hydrodynamic pressure at the base of wall (y=0) Pcw0 = 0.830 KN/m2 Pcw=Qcw

Convective hydrodynamic pressure on the wall (y=h) Pcwh = 1.104 KN/m2

Convective pressure on top of base slab (y=0) Pcb = 0.831 KN/m2 Pcb=Qcb

5.9 Pressure due to wall inertia

Pressure on wall due to its inertia Pww = 3.750 KN/m2 Pww=(A

(This pressure is uniformly distributed along the wall height)

5.10 Pressure due to vertical excitation

Design vertical acceleration coefficient Av = 0.080

Pressure on tank wall due to vertical ground acceleration Pv = 3.924 KN/m3 Pv=(Av)*g
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WATER AND
WASTEWATER TITLE SEISMIC DESIGN OF ELEVATED TANK
TREATMENT

Maximum hydrodynamic pressure

Maximum hydrodynamic pressure at the base of wall p = 9.705 KN/m2 p=(Piw+P

This hydrodynamic pressure is about 19.79 % of hydrostatic pressure.

Resultant of impulsive
pressure on wall

hi*
hi

Impulsive pressure on wall Impulsive pressure on wall and base

Resultant of convective
pressure on wall

hc*
hc

5.11 Equivalent linear pressure distribution

5.11.1 Impulsive mode

For stress analysis of tank wall, It is desirable to have linear pressure distribution along wall height
Equivalent linear distribution for impulsive hydrodynamic pressure distribution is calculated as below

Base shear per unit circumferential length due to qi = 16.959 KN/m

Impulsive liquid mass

Values of linearised pressures at bottom and top is given by

ai = 5.936 KN/m2
bi = 0.848 KN/m2

0.848
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WATER AND
WASTEWATER TITLE SEISMIC DESIGN OF ELEVATED TANK
TREATMENT

5.087 5.936
Actual distribution Linearised distribution

5.11.2 Convective mode

Equivalent linear distribution for convective hydrodynamic pressure distribution is calculated as below

Base shear per unit circumferential length due to qc = 4.606 KN/m

Convective liquid mass

Hydrodynamic pressure at top And bottom is calculated below

ac = 0.786 KN/m2
bc = 3.841 KN/m2

1.104 3.841

0.830 0.786
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WATER AND
WASTEWATER TITLE SEISMIC DESIGN OF ELEVATED TANK
TREATMENT

5.12 Sloshing wave height

Free board is to be provided in a tank may be based on maximum value of sloshing wave height.
If sufficient free board is not provided , Roof structure is to be designed to resist the uplif pressure due to sloshing of liquid.

The Sloshing wave height is dmax = 0.338 m

Sloshing wave height is 0.338 m , And the free board is 0.3 m , Therefore sloshing wave height is

Analysis along Y-direction

5.13 Parameters of spring mass model

Geometric parameters
h_w/L_w = 0.5
hi/h_w=0.375 for h
hi/h_w hi/h_w=0.5-(0.09375/(h_w/L
= 0.375

hi*/h_w = 0.797 0.866*L_w/h_w/2tanh(0.86

h_w/L_w <
0.45 for h_w/L
hc/h_w = 0.583 1-((cosh3.16*h_
(3.16*h_w/L_w*sinh
hc*/h_w = 0.858 1-((cosh(3.16*h_w
(3.16*h_w/L_w*sinh(
mi/m = 0.542
Tanh(0.866*L_w/h_w)/

mc/m = 0.485
0.264*Tanh(3.16*h_w

Height at which the resultant of impulsive hydrodynamic pressure hi = 1.875 m

on wall is located from the bottom of tank wall

Height at which the resultant of impulsive hydrodynamic pressure hi* = 3.985 m

on wall and base is located from the bottom of tank wall

Height at which the resultant of convective hydrodynamic pressure hc = 2.916 m

on wall is located from the bottom of tank wall

Height at which the resultant of convective hydrodynamic pressure hc* = 4.291 m

on wall and base is located from the bottom of tank wall

Height Of combined centre of gravity of half impulsive mass(m i/2) = 2.222 m

And mass of one wall(mw)
 PROJECT ----------

WATER AND
WASTEWATER TITLE SEISMIC DESIGN OF ELEVATED TANK
TREATMENT
Mass of water in the tank m = 1000000 kg

Impulsive mass of liquid in the tank mi = 542316.3 kg

Convective mass of liquid in the tank mc = 485021.8 kg

Y
L
X

20 m
B

5.14 Weight calculations

Mass of one wall (Perpendicular to direction of loading) mw' = 337665.647 kg

5.15 Time period

5.15.1 Impulsive mode

Time period of impulsive mode Ti = 0.39 sec Ti=2(

5.15.2 Convective mode

Input parameters

Coefficient of time period for convective mode Cc = 3.688 Cc=2/(3.16*ta

Inside length of tank parallel to the direction of seismic force L = 10 m

Time period of convective mode Tc = 3.72 sec Tc=Cc

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WATER AND
WASTEWATER TITLE SEISMIC DESIGN OF ELEVATED TANK
TREATMENT
5.16 Design horizontal seismic coefficient

5.16.1 Impulsive mode

Time period for impulsive mode Ti = 0.39 sec

Spectral acceleration coefficients for rock and soil sites (Sa/g)i = 2.5

Damping D = 5 %

Damping multiplication factor DF = 1

Design horizontal seismic coefficient for impulsive mode (Ah)i = 0.120 (Ah)i=(Z/2)

5.16.2 Convective mode

Time period for convective mode Tc = 3.72 sec

Spectral acceleration coefficients for rock and soil sites (Sa/g)c = 0.269

Damping D = 0.5 %

Damping multiplication factor DF = 1.75

Design horizontal seismic coefficient for convective mode (Ah)c = 0.023 (Ah)c=(Z/2)

5.17 Base shear calculations

5.17.1 Impulsive mode

Base shear at bottom of the wall in impulsive mode Vi = 2259.4 KN Vi=(Ah)i(m

Base shear at the bottom of staging in impulsive mode Vcy* = 2483.5 KN Vcy*=(A

5.17.2 Convective mode

Base shear at bottom of the wall in convective mode Vc = 107.3424 KN Vc=(A

Base shear at bottom of staging in convective mode Vccy* = 107.3424 KN Vccy*=(

Total base shear at the bottom of wall V = 2261.901 KN V=

The lateral base shear is about 8.995 % of total seismic weight 25146 KN of tank

Total base shear at the bottom of staging VS = 2485.846 KN Vs=

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WATER AND
WASTEWATER TITLE SEISMIC DESIGN OF ELEVATED TANK
TREATMENT
The lateral base shear is about 9.87 % of total seismic weight 25186 KN of tank

5.18 Moment at bottom of wall

5.18.1 Impulsive mode (Including wall inertia)

Bending moment at the bottom of wall in impulsive mode Mi = 6413.9 KN-m Mi=(Ah)i(mih

5.18.2 Convective mode

Bending moment at the bottom of wall in convective mode Mc = 313.06 KN-m Mc=(A

Total bending moment at the bottom of tank wall M = 6421.5 KN-m M=(

5.19 Overturning moment

5.19.1 Impulsive mode

Overturning moment at the bottom of base slab in impulsive mode Mi* = 8996.0 KN-m

Overturning moment at the bottom of staging in impulsive mode Miys* = 8148.7 KN-m

5.19.2 Convective mode

Overturning moment at the bottom of base slab in convective mode Mc* = 514.32 KN-m

Overturning moment at the bottom of staging in convective mode Mcys* = 729.01 KN-m

Total overturning moment at the bottom of base slab M* = 9010.7 KN-m M=(M

Total overturning moment at the bottom of staging M s* = 8181.3 KN-m M=(M

5.20 Hydrodynamic pressure

5.20.1 Impulsive mode

Coefficient of impulsive pressure on tank wall Qiw = 0.813 Qiw=0.866*[1-(y/h_w)

Coefficient of impulsive pressure on tank base Qib = 0.336 Qib=sinh(1.732*x/h_w

Impulsive hydrodynamic pressure at the base of wall Piw = 4.788 KN/m2 Piw=Qiw

Impulsive hydrodynamic pressure on top of base slab Pib = 1.976 KN/m2 Pib=Qib(

5.20.2 Convective mode

 PROJECT ----------

WATER AND
WASTEWATER TITLE SEISMIC DESIGN OF ELEVATED TANK
TREATMENT
Coefficient of convective pressure on tank wall (y=0) Qcw0 = 0.164

Coefficient of convective pressure on tank wall (y=h) Qcwh = 0.417

Coefficient of convective pressure on tank base slab Qcb = 0.165

Convective hydrodynamic pressure at the base of wall (y=0) Pcw0 = 0.364 KN/m2 Pcw=Qcw

Convective hydrodynamic pressure on the wall (y=h) Pcwh = 0.922 KN/m2

Convective pressure on top of base slab (y=0) Pcb = 0.364 KN/m2 Pcb=Qcb
 PROJECT ----------

WATER AND
WASTEWATER TITLE SEISMIC DESIGN OF ELEVATED TANK
TREATMENT
5.21 Pressure due to wall inertia

Pressure on wall due to its inertia Pww = 3.750 KN/m2 Pww=(A

(This pressure is uniformly distributed along the wall height)

5.22 Pressure due to vertical excitation

Design vertical acceleration coefficient Av = 0.080

Pressure on tank wall due to vertical ground acceleration Pv = 3.924 KN/m3 Pv=(Av)*g

Maximum hydrodynamic pressure(Including inertia forces)

Maximum hydrodynamic pressure at the base of wall p = 9.403 KN/m2 p=(Piw+P

This hydrodynamic pressure is about 19.17 % of hydrostatic pressure.

5.23 Equivalent linear pressure distribution

5.23.1 Impulsive mode

For stress analysis of tank wall, It is desirable to have linear pressure distribution along wall height
Equivalent linear distribution for impulsive hydrodynamic pressure distribution is calculated as below

Base shear per unit circumferential length due to qi = 15.960 KN/m

Impulsive liquid mass

Values of linearised pressures at bottom and top is given by

ai = 5.586 KN/m2
bi = 0.798 KN/m2

0.798

4.788 5.586
Actual distribution Linearised
distribution

5.23.2 Convective mode

Equivalent linear distribution for convective hydrodynamic pressure distribution is calculated as below
 PROJECT ----------

WATER AND
WASTEWATER TITLE SEISMIC DESIGN OF ELEVATED TANK
TREATMENT
Base shear per unit circumferential length due to qc = 2.684 KN/m
Convective liquid mass

Hydrodynamic pressure at top and bottom is calculated below

ac = 0.269 KN/m2
bc = 0.805 KN/m2

0.922 0.805

0.364 0.269

5.24 Sloshing wave height

Free board is to be provided in a tank may be based on maximum value of sloshing wave height.
If sufficient free board is not provided , roof structure is to be designed to resist the uplif pressure due to sloshing of liquid.

The sloshing wave height is dmax = 0.282 m

Sloshing wave height is 0.282 m , and the free board is 0.3 m , Therefore sloshing wave height is
 PROJECT ----------

WATER AND
WASTEWATER TITLE SEISMIC DESIGN OF ELEVATED TANK
TREATMENT

CONDITION 2: TANK EMPTY

Analysis along both X & Y directions

Y
B 10 m
X

20 m
L

For tank empty condition, convective mode of vibration will not be generated, thus tank will be considered as a single degree of fre

5.25 Time period

5.25.1 Impulsive mode

Time period of impulsive mode Ti = 0.34 sec

Empty tank will not have convective mode of vibration , Hence no time period in convective mode.

5.26 Design horizontal seismic coefficient

5.26.1 Impulsive mode

Time period for impulsive mode Ti = 0.34 sec

Spectral acceleration coefficients for rock and soil sites (Sa/g)i = 2.500

Damping D = 5 %

Damping multiplication factor DF = 1

Design horizontal seismic coefficient for impulsive mode (Ah)i = 0.120

Empty tank will not have convective mode of vibration , Hence no seismic coefficient in convective mode.

5.27 Base shear calculations

5.27.1 Impulsive mode

 PROJECT ----------

WATER AND
WASTEWATER TITLE SEISMIC DESIGN OF ELEVATED TANK
TREATMENT
Base shear at bottom of the wall in impulsive mode Vi = 1620.9 KN

Base shear at the bottom of staging in impulsive mode Vcx* = 1845.1 KN

Total base shear at the bottom of wall V = 1620.938 KN

The lateral base shear is about 10.57 % of total seismic weight 15336 KN of tank

Total base shear at the bottom of staging VS = 1845.113 KN

The lateral base shear is about 12.00 % of total seismic weight 15376 KN of tank

5.28 Moment at bottom of wall

5.28.1 Impulsive mode (Including wall inertia)

Bending moment at the bottom of wall in impulsive mode Mi = 5216.9 KN-m

Total bending moment at the bottom of tank wall M = 5216.9 KN-m

5.29 Overturning moment

5.29.1 Impulsive mode

Overturning moment at the bottom of base slab in impulsive mode Mi* = 6132.8 KN-m

Overturning moment at the bottom of staging in impulsive mode Mixs* = 4008.7 KN-m

Total overturning moment at the bottom of base slab M* = 6132.8 KN-m

Total overturning moment at the bottom of staging M s* = 4008.7 KN-m

6 CALCULATION OF STATIC PRESSURES

6.1 CONDITION 1: TANK FILLED WITH LIQUID

In this case tank is subjected to water pressure only
6.1.1 FOR WALLS W2
Moment and shear force coefficients for wall panels subjected to water pressure assuming fixed base , free top & continuous sides
(From PCA tables)

MH2
MH1 MH1

MH4
MH3
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WATER AND
WASTEWATER TITLE SEISMIC DESIGN OF ELEVATED TANK
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MV2

MV1
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WATER AND
WASTEWATER TITLE SEISMIC DESIGN OF ELEVATED TANK
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VH1 VV2

VH2

VH3

VV1

b/a 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3

Mh1 2 -18 -40 -62 -76 -89
Mh2 1 9 21 27 27 25
Mh3 -9 -29 -42 -49 -53 -55
Mh4 6 13 16 16 14 10
Vh1 2 3 11 20 27 31
Vh2 13 23 26 25 24 23
Vh3 16 19 17 15 13 12
Mv1 -15 -35 -60 -86 -108 -126
Mv2 2 9 16 15 11 5
Vv1 20 32 41 46 48 50
Vv2 0 0 0 0 0 0

Y
B 10
X
W1

20 m
W2 L

b = 21.25
a = 5.55

Required b/a 3.83

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WATER AND
WASTEWATER TITLE SEISMIC DESIGN OF ELEVATED TANK
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b/a 3 4.0 Interpolated

values
Mh1 -89 -101 -98.946 -0.099
Mh2 25 14 15.883 0.016
Mh3 -55 -55 -55.000 -0.055
Mh4 10 4 5.027 0.005
Mv1 -126 -148 -144.234 -0.144
Mv2 5 -6 -4.117 -0.004
Vh1 31 34 33.486 0.033
Vh2 23 20 20.514 0.021
Vh3 12 10 10.342 0.010
Vv1 50 50 50.000 0.050
Vv2 0 0 0.000 0.000

For Adjacent wall

b = 11.25
a = 5.55

Direct tension from adjoining walls

b/a = 2.03

Interpolated
b/a 2 2.5 values
Vh1 20 27 20.378 0.020
Vh2 25 24 24.946 0.025
Vh3 15 13 14.892 0.015
Vv1 46 48 46.108 0.046
Vv2 0 0 0.000 0.000
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WASTEWATER TITLE SEISMIC DESIGN OF ELEVATED TANK
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Mh1 Mh2 Mh3 Mh4 Mv1 Mv2 Vh1 Vh2 Vh3 Vv1 Vv2
Moment -0.099 0.016 -0.06 0.005 -0.14 -0.004 - - - - -
coefficient
Moment =
Moment coeff.x KN.m -121.2 19.5 -67.4 6.2 -177 -5.0 - - - - -
gH3
Shear coeffcient - - - - - - 0.033 0.021 0.010 0.050 0.000

Shear force = KN - - - - - - 8.204 5.0258 2.5339 12.25 0

Shear coeff x gH2

Shear coeffcients - - - - - - 0.02 0.025 0.015 0.046 0.000

from adj. wall

Shear force of adj. KN - - - - - - 4.993 6.112 3.6485 11.29649 0

wall = coeff. x gH2

6.1.2 FOR WALLS W1

Moment and shear force coefficients for wall panels subjected to water pressure assuming fixed base , free top & continuous sides
(From PCA tables)
MH2
MH1 MH1

MH4 MV2
MH3

MV1

VV2
VH1

VH2

VH3

VV1

b/a 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3

Mh1 2 -18 -40 -62 -76 -89
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WASTEWATER TITLE SEISMIC DESIGN OF ELEVATED TANK
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Mh2 1 9 21 27 27 25
Mh3 -9 -29 -42 -49 -53 -55
Mh4 6 13 16 16 14 10
Vh1 2 3 11 20 27 31
Vh2 13 23 26 25 24 23
Vh3 16 19 17 15 13 12
Mv1 -15 -35 -60 -86 -108 -126
Mv2 2 9 16 15 11 5
Vv1 20 32 41 46 48 50
Vv2 0 0 0 0 0 0

Y
B 10
X
W1

20 m
W2 L

b = 11.25
a = 5.55

Required b/a 2.03

Interpolated
b/a 2 2.5 values
Mh1 -62 -76 -62.757 -0.063
Mh2 27 27 27.000 0.027
Mh3 -49 -53 -49.216 -0.049
Mh4 16 14 15.892 0.016
Mv1 -86 -108 -87.189 -0.087
Mv2 15 11 14.784 0.015
Vh1 20 27 20.378 0.020
Vh2 25 24 24.946 0.025
Vh3 15 13 14.892 0.015
Vv1 46 48 46.108 0.046
Vv2 0 0 0.000 0.000
 PROJECT ----------

WATER AND
WASTEWATER TITLE SEISMIC DESIGN OF ELEVATED TANK
TREATMENT

For Adjacent wall

b = 21.25
a = 5.55

Direct tension from adjoining walls

b/a = 3.83

Interpolated
b/a 3 4.0 values
Vh1 31 34 33.486 0.033
Vh2 23 20 20.514 0.021
Vh3 12 10 10.342 0.010
Vv1 50 50 50.000 0.050
Vv2 0 0 0.000 0.000

Mh1 Mh2 Mh3 Mh4 Mv1 Mv2 Vh1 Vh2 Vh3 Vv1 Vv2
Moment -0.06 0.03 -0.05 0.02 -0.09 0.01 - - - - -
coefficient
Moment =
Moment coeff.x KN.m -76.9 33.1 -60.3 19.5 -107 18.1 - - - - -
gH3
Shear coeffcient - - - - - - 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.05 0.00
Shear force = KN - - - - - - 4.993 6.11 3.65 11.30 0
Shear coeff x gH2

Shear coeffcients
from adj. wall - - - - - - 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.05 0.00

Shear force of adj.

wall = coeff. x gH2 KN - - - - - - 8.204 5.026 2.53 12.25 0.00
 PROJECT ----------

WATER AND
WASTEWATER TITLE SEISMIC DESIGN OF ELEVATED TANK
TREATMENT

7 DESIGN OF WALLS

7.1 CONDITION 1: TANK FILLED WITH LIQUID

Y
B 10 m
X
W1

20 m
W2 L

7.1.1 DESIGN OF WALL W2

Modification factor for moments m = 1.817

Design moments for wall (Static + Dynamic)

Static Dynamic = Total

Mh1 -121 KN-m -220 KN-m = 341.47 KN-m
Mh2 19.5 KN-m 35.36 KN-m = 54.81 KN-m
Mh3 -67.4 KN-m -122 KN-m = 189.81 KN-m
Mh4 6.2 KN-m 11.19 KN-m = 17.35 KN-m
Mv1 -177 KN-m -321 KN-m = 497.76 KN-m
Mv2 -5.0 KN-m -9.165 KN-m = 14.21 KN-m

Percentage increase in stresses of concrete and steel p% = 33.33 %

Thickness of wall section required (At bottom) Dbreq = 1058.298 mm

Thickness of wall section provided (At bottom) Dbpro = 1250 mm

Effective thickness of wall provided (At bottom) Dbeff = 1200 mm

Thickness of wall section required (At top) Dtreq = 351.19 mm

Thickness of wall section provided (At top) Dttop = 380 mm

Min. R/F req 0.35 % Condition 1 - 0.24% for tanks having any dimension not > 15m
 PROJECT ----------

WATER AND
WASTEWATER TITLE SEISMIC DESIGN OF ELEVATED TANK
TREATMENT
Condition 2 - 0.35% for tanks other than condition 1

Mv1
Reinforcement required due to Mv1 = 2780.482 mm2
Minimum reinforcement required = 2187.5 mm2
Vert. steel required = 2780.482 mm2 (At wall bottom)
Required 20 dia @ 112.93 mm
Provided 20 dia @ 110 mmc/c = 2854.545 mm2 OK

Mh1
Reinforcement required due to Mh1 = 597.5098 mm2
Minimum reinforcement required = 2187.5 mm2
Horr. steel required at top = 2187.5 mm2 (On wall edges)
Required 20 dia @ 143.5429 mm
Provided 20 dia @ 110 mmc/c 2854.545 mm2 OK

Mh2 (FOR OPPOSITE FACE)

Reinforcement required due to Mh2 = 95.91276 mm2
Minimum reinforcement required 2187.5 mm2
Horr. steel required at mid Ht. 2187.5 mm2 (On wall edges)
Required 20 dia @ 143.5429 mm
Provided 20 dia @ 110 mmc/c 2854.545 mm2 OK

Mh3
Reinforcement required due to Mh3 = 332.1312 mm2
Minimum reinforcement required = 2187.5 mm2
Horr. steel required at mid Ht. = 2187.5 mm2 (On wall edges)
Required 20 dia @ 143.5429 mm
Provided 20 dia @ 110 mmc/c 2854.545 mm2 OK

Mh4 (FOR OPPOSITE FACE)

Reinforcement required due to Mh4 30.357 mm2
Minimum reinforcement required 2187.5 mm2
Horr. steel required at Mid 2187.5 mm2 (On wall span)
Required 20 dia @ 143.5429 mm
Provided 20 dia @ 110 mmc/c 2854.545 mm2 OK

Mv2 (FOR OPPOSITE FACE)

Reinforcement required due to Mv2 24.862 mm2
Minimum reinforcement required 2187.5 mm2
Vert. steel required 2187.5 mm2 (At wall bottom)
Required 20 dia @ 143.5429 mm
Provided 20 dia @ 110 mmc/c = 2854.545 mm2 OK
 PROJECT ----------

WATER AND
WASTEWATER TITLE SEISMIC DESIGN OF ELEVATED TANK
TREATMENT

7.1.2 DESIGN OF WALL W1

Y
B 10 m
X
W1

20 m
W2 L

Modification factor for moments m = 5.484

Design moments for wall (Static + Dynamic)

Static Dynamic = Total

Mh1 -77 KN-m -422 KN-m = 498.51 KN-m
Mh2 33.1 KN-m 181 KN-m = 214.47 KN-m
Mh3 -60.3 KN-m -331 KN-m = 390.95 KN-m
Mh4 19.5 KN-m 107 KN-m = 126.24 KN-m
Mv1 -107 KN-m -586 KN-m = 692.59 KN-m
Mv2 18.1 KN-m 99 KN-m = 117.43 KN-m

Percentage increase in stresses of concrete and steel p% = 33.33 %

Thickness of wall section required (At bottom) Dbreq = 1248.342 mm

Thickness of wall section provided (At bottom) Dbpro = 1250 mm

Effective thickness of wall provided (At bottom) Dbeff = 1200 mm

Thickness of wall section required (At top) Dtreq = 694.68 mm

Thickness of wall section provided (At top) Dttop = 720 mm

Min. R/F req 0.35 % Condition 1 - 0.24% for tanks having any dimension not > 15m
Condition 2 - 0.35% for tanks other than condition 1

Mv1
Reinforcement required due to Mv1 = 3868.754 mm2
Minimum reinforcement required = 2187.5 mm2
Vert. steel required = 3868.754 mm2 (At wall bottom)
Required 20 dia @ 81.16 mm
 PROJECT ----------

WATER AND
WASTEWATER TITLE SEISMIC DESIGN OF ELEVATED TANK
TREATMENT
Provided 20 dia @ 80 mmc/c = 3925 mm2 OK

Mh1
Reinforcement required due to Mh1 = 2784.64 mm2
Minimum reinforcement required = 2187.5 mm2
Horr. steel required at top = 2784.64 mm2 (On wall edges)
Required 20 dia @ 112.7615 mm
Provided 20 dia @ 110 mmc/c 2854.545 mm2 OK

Mh2 (FOR OPPOSITE FACE)

Reinforcement required due to Mh2 = 1198.043 mm2
Minimum reinforcement required 2187.5 mm2
Horr. steel required at mid Ht. 2187.5 mm2 (On wall edges)
Required 20 dia @ 143.5429 mm
Provided 20 dia @ 110 mmc/c 2854.545 mm2 OK

Mh3
Reinforcement required due to Mh3 = 2183.819 mm2
Minimum reinforcement required = 2187.5 mm2
Horr. steel required at mid Ht. = 2187.5 mm2 (On wall edges)
Required 20 dia @ 143.5429 mm
Provided 20 dia @ 110 mmc/c 2854.545 mm2 OK

Mh4 (FOR OPPOSITE FACE)

Reinforcement required due to Mh4 705.1542 mm2
Minimum reinforcement required 2187.5 mm2
Horr. steel required at Mid 2187.5 mm2 (On wall span)
Required 20 dia @ 143.5429 mm
Provided 20 dia @ 110 mmc/c 2854.545 mm2 OK

Mv2 (FOR OPPOSITE FACE)

Reinforcement required due to Mv2 655.9853 mm2
Minimum reinforcement required 2187.5 mm2
Vert. steel required 2187.5 mm2 (At wall bottom)
Required 20 dia @ 143.5429 mm
Provided 20 dia @ 110 mmc/c = 2854.545 mm2 OK
 PROJECT ----------

WATER AND
WASTEWATER TITLE SEISMIC DESIGN OF ELEVATED TANK
TREATMENT

7.2 CONDITION 2: TANK EMPTY

Y
B 10 m
X
W1

20 m
W2 L

7.2.1 DESIGN OF WALL W2

Design moments for wall (Dynamic only)

Dynamic = Total
Mh1 260.8 KN-m = 260.84 KN-m
Mh2 260.8 KN-m = 260.84 KN-m
Mh3 260.8 KN-m = 260.84 KN-m
Mh4 260.8 KN-m = 260.84 KN-m
Mv1 260.8 KN-m = 260.84 KN-m
Mv2 260.8 KN-m = 260.84 KN-m

Percentage increase in stresses of concrete and steel p% = 33.33 %

Thickness of wall section required (At bottom) Dbreq = 766.1014 mm

Thickness of wall section provided (At bottom) Dbpro = 1250 mm

Effective thickness of wall provided (At bottom) Dbeff = 1220 mm

Thickness of wall section required (At top) Dtreq = 766.10 mm

Thickness of wall section provided (At top) Dttop = 790 mm

Min. R/F req 0.35 % Condition 1 - 0.24% for tanks having any dimension not > 15m
Condition 2 - 0.35% for tanks other than condition 1

Mv1
Reinforcement required due to Mv1 = 1433.171 mm2
Minimum reinforcement required = 2187.5 mm2
Vert. steel required = 2187.5 mm2 (At wall bottom)
Required 20 dia @ 143.54 mm
 PROJECT ----------

WATER AND
WASTEWATER TITLE SEISMIC DESIGN OF ELEVATED TANK
TREATMENT
Provided 20 dia @ 125 mmc/c = 2512 mm2 OK

Mh1
Reinforcement required due to Mh1 = 1433.171 mm2
Minimum reinforcement required = 2187.5 mm2
Horr. steel required at top = 2187.5 mm2 (On wall edges)
Required 20 dia @ 143.5429 mm
Provided 20 dia @ 125 mmc/c 2512 mm2 OK

Mh2 (FOR OPPOSITE FACE)

Reinforcement required due to Mh2 = 1433.171 mm2
Minimum reinforcement required 2187.5 mm2
Horr. steel required at mid Ht. 2187.5 mm2 (On wall edges)
Required 20 dia @ 143.5429 mm
Provided 20 dia @ 125 mmc/c 2512 mm2 OK

Mh3
Reinforcement required due to Mh3 = 1433.171 mm2
Minimum reinforcement required = 2187.5 mm2
Horr. steel required at mid Ht. = 2187.5 mm2 (On wall edges)
Required 20 dia @ 143.5429 mm
Provided 20 dia @ 125 mmc/c 2512 mm2 OK

Mh4 (FOR OPPOSITE FACE)

Reinforcement required due to Mh4 1433.171 mm2
Minimum reinforcement required 2187.5 mm2
Horr. steel required at Mid 2187.5 mm2 (On wall span)
Required 20 dia @ 143.5429 mm
Provided 20 dia @ 125 mmc/c 2512 mm2 OK

Mv2 (FOR OPPOSITE FACE)

Reinforcement required due to Mv2 1433.171 mm2
Minimum reinforcement required 2187.5 mm2
Vert. steel required 2187.5 mm2 (At wall bottom)
Required 20 dia @ 143.5429 mm
Provided 20 dia @ 125 mmc/c = 2512 mm2 OK
 PROJECT ----------

WATER AND
WASTEWATER TITLE SEISMIC DESIGN OF ELEVATED TANK
TREATMENT

7.2.2 DESIGN OF WALL W1

Y
B 10 m
X
W1

20 m
W2 L

Design moments for wall (Dynamic only)

Dynamic = Total
Mh1 521.7 KN-m = 521.69 KN-m
Mh2 521.7 KN-m = 521.69 KN-m
Mh3 521.7 KN-m = 521.69 KN-m
Mh4 521.7 KN-m = 521.69 KN-m
Mv1 521.7 KN-m = 521.69 KN-m
Mv2 521.7 KN-m = 521.69 KN-m

Percentage increase in stresses of concrete and steel p% = 33.33 %

Thickness of wall section required (At bottom) Dbreq = 1083.431 mm

Thickness of wall section provided (At bottom) Dbpro = 1250 mm

Effective thickness of wall provided (At bottom) Dbeff = 1220 mm

Thickness of wall section required (At top) Dtreq = 1083.43 mm

Thickness of wall section provided (At top) Dttop = 1110 mm

Min. R/F req 0.35 % Condition 1 - 0.24% for tanks having any dimension not > 15m
Condition 2 - 0.35% for tanks other than condition 1

Mv1
Reinforcement required due to Mv1 = 2866.342 mm2
Minimum reinforcement required = 2187.5 mm2
Vert. steel required = 2866.342 mm2 (At wall bottom)
Required 20 dia @ 109.55 mm
Provided 20 dia @ 100 mmc/c = 3140 mm2 OK
 PROJECT ----------

WATER AND
WASTEWATER TITLE SEISMIC DESIGN OF ELEVATED TANK
TREATMENT
Mh1
Reinforcement required due to Mh1 = 2866.342 mm2
Minimum reinforcement required = 2187.5 mm2
Horr. steel required at top = 2866.342 mm2 (On wall edges)
Required 20 dia @ 109.5473 mm
Provided 20 dia @ 100 mmc/c 3140 mm2 OK

Mh2 (FOR OPPOSITE FACE)

Reinforcement required due to Mh2 = 2866.342 mm2
Minimum reinforcement required 2187.5 mm2
Horr. steel required at mid Ht. 2866.342 mm2 (On wall edges)
Required 20 dia @ 109.5473 mm
Provided 20 dia @ 100 mmc/c 3140 mm2 OK

Mh3
Reinforcement required due to Mh3 = 2866.342 mm2
Minimum reinforcement required = 2187.5 mm2
Horr. steel required at mid Ht. = 2866.342 mm2 (On wall edges)
Required 20 dia @ 109.5473 mm
Provided 20 dia @ 100 mmc/c 3140 mm2 OK

Mh4 (FOR OPPOSITE FACE)

Reinforcement required due to Mh4 2866.342 mm2
Minimum reinforcement required 2187.5 mm2
Horr. steel required at Mid 2866.342 mm2 (On wall span)
Required 20 dia @ 109.5473 mm
Provided 20 dia @ 100 mmc/c 3140 mm2 OK

Mv2 (FOR OPPOSITE FACE)

Reinforcement required due to Mv2 2866.342 mm2
Minimum reinforcement required 2187.5 mm2
Vert. steel required 2866.342 mm2 (At wall bottom)
Required 20 dia @ 109.5473 mm
Provided 20 dia @ 100 mmc/c = 3140 mm2 OK
 PAGE

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--------.------------------------------------

he dynamic effects of soil and water ,

ubjected to horizontal earthquake
d convective hydrodynamic pressures
namic pressure in the analysis, tank is
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3
@ Depth of

(Assumed) OK

b
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Formulaes used for parameters of

spring mass model
hi/h_w=0.375 for h_w/L_w <0.75
h_w=0.5-(0.09375/(h_w/L_w)) for h_w/L_w >0.75

866*L_w/h_w/2tanh(0.866*L_w/h_w)-0.125 for
h_w/L_w <1.33

0.45 for h_w/L_w >1.33

1-((cosh3.16*h_w/L_w)-1)/
(3.16*h_w/L_w*sinh(3.16h_w/L_w))

1-((cosh(3.16*h_w/L_w)-2.01)/
(3.16*h_w/L_w*sinh(3.16*h_w/L_w)))

Tanh(0.866*L_w/h_w)/(0.866*L_w/h_w)

0.264*Tanh(3.16*h_w/L_w)/(h_w/L_w)
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Ti=2(mi+ms)/ks

Cc=2/(3.16*tanh(3.16*h_w/L_w))
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Tc=Cc(L_w/g)

20

th columns acting as staging

Xo
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(Ah)i=(Z/2)*(I/R)*(Sa/g)i

(Ah)c=(Z/2)*(I/R)*(Sa/g)c

Vi=(Ah)i(mi+mw+mt)g

Vcx*=(Ah)i(mi+ms)g
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Vc=(Ah)c(ms)g

Vcc=(Ah)c(ms)g

V=(vi2+vc2)

V=(vi2+vc2)

Mi=(Ah)i(mihi+mwhw+mtht)g

Mc=(Ah)cmchcg

M=(Mi2+Mc2)
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M=(Mi*2+Mc*2)

M=(Mis*2+Mcs*2)

Qiw=0.866*[1-(y/h_w)2]*Tanh(0.866*L_w/h_w)

Qib=sinh(1.732*x/h_w)/cosh(0.866*L_w/h_w)

Piw=Qiw(Ah)igh_w

Pib=Qib(Ah)igh_w

Pcw=Qcw(Ah)cgL_w

Pcb=Qcb(Ah)cgL_w

Pww=(Ah)iT_w*cg

Pv=(Av)*gh_w(1-y/h_w)
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p=(Piw+Pww)2+Pcw2+Pv2

Resultant of
impulsive pressure
on wall and base

e on wall and base

Resultant of
convective pressure
on wall and base
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`
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loshing of liquid.

ve height is More Than the free board

hi/h_w=0.375 for h_w/L_w <0.75

h_w=0.5-(0.09375/(h_w/L_w)) for h_w/L_w >0.75

866*L_w/h_w/2tanh(0.866*L_w/h_w)-0.125 for
h_w/L_w <1.33
0.45 for h_w/L_w >1.33

1-((cosh3.16*h_w/L_w)-1)/
(3.16*h_w/L_w*sinh(3.16h_w/L_w))

1-((cosh(3.16*h_w/L_w)-2.01)/
(3.16*h_w/L_w*sinh(3.16*h_w/L_w)))

Tanh(0.866*L_w/h_w)/(0.866*L_w/h_w)

0.264*Tanh(3.16*h_w/L_w)/(h_w/L_w)
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10 m

Ti=2(mi+ms)/ks

Cc=2/(3.16*tanh(3.16*h_w/L_w))

Tc=Cc(L_w/g)
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(Ah)i=(Z/2)*(I/R)*(Sa/g)i

(Ah)c=(Z/2)*(I/R)*(Sa/g)c

Vi=(Ah)i(mi+mw+mt)g

Vcy*=(Ah)i(mi+ms)g

Vc=(Ah)c(ms)g

Vccy*=(Ah)c(ms)g

V=(vi2+vc2)

Vs=(vi2+vc2)
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Mi=(Ah)i(mihi+mwhw+mtht)g

Mc=(Ah)cmchcg

M=(Mi2+Mc2)

M=(Mi*2+Mc*2)

M=(Miys*2+Mcys*2)

Qiw=0.866*[1-(y/h_w)2]*Tanh(0.866*L_w/h_w)

Qib=sinh(1.732*x/h_w)/cosh(0.866*L_w/h_w)

Piw=Qiw(Ah)igh_w

Pib=Qib(Ah)igh_w
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Pcw=Qcw(Ah)cgL_w

Pcb=Qcb(Ah)cgL_w
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Pww=(Ah)iT_w*cg

Pv=(Av)*gh_w(1-y/h_w)

p=(Piw+Pww)2+Pcw2+Pv2
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oshing of liquid.

ve height is Less than the free board

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as a single degree of freedom system.

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top & continuous sides

MH3
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VH1

VH2

VH3

4 5
-101 -103
14 7
-55 -55
4 0
34 35
20 20
10 10
-148 -158
-6 -13
50 50
0 0

m
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top & continuous sides

MH3

VH1

VH2

VH3

4 5
-101 -103
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14 7
-55 -55
4 0
34 35
20 20
10 10
-148 -158
-6 -13
50 50
0 0

m
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(CL. 8.1.1 IS 3370 (Part II):2009)

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(At wall bottom)

(On wall edges)

(On wall edges)

(On wall edges)

(On wall span)

(At wall bottom)

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(CL. 8.1.1 IS 3370 (Part II):2009)

(At wall bottom)

 PAGE

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(On wall edges)

(On wall edges)

(On wall edges)

(On wall span)

(At wall bottom)

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(CL. 8.1.1 IS 3370 (Part II):2009)

(At wall bottom)

 PAGE

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(On wall edges)

(On wall edges)

(On wall edges)

(On wall span)

(At wall bottom)

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(CL. 8.1.1 IS 3370 (Part II):2009)

(At wall bottom)

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(On wall edges)

(On wall edges)

(On wall edges)

(On wall span)

(At wall bottom)