Lecture (12)
Advanced Structure Systems
Lecturer:
Dr. Tamer Samir Mahmoud
E-Mail: Dr.Tamer.Samir@hotmail.com
Structure Systems
Different Types of Structure Systems
Form-Active Structure Systems
Redirection of external forces through
suitable material form
Vector-Active Structure Systems
Redirection of external forces through
suitable pattern of individual members
Section-Active Structure Systems
Redirection of external forces through rigid
material section
Surface-Active Structure Systems
Redirection of external forces through
material surface
Structure Systems: Form-Active
According to the magnitude of the horizontal force,
the load will be moved away from the suspension
Redirection of forces point. Through linkage with mirror-reflected system,
horizontal forces will be held in balance. The system
of stress redirection is closed within itself.
Non-rigid, flexible matter,
shaped in a certain way and
secured by fixed ends, can
support itself and span
space
They transmit loads only
through simple normal
stresses; i.e. either through
compression or through
tension.
Structure Systems: Form-Active
A suspension cable turned up forms a
funicular arch. The ideal form of an
arch for a certain load condition is the
corresponding funicular tension line
for the same loading.
Structure Systems: Form-Active
Distinction of the form-active structure systems then is that they redirect
external forces by simple normal stresses: the arch by compression, the
suspension cable by tension.
Structure Systems: Form-Active
The structure form of form-active structure
systems in the ideal case coincides precisely
with the flow of stresses. Form-active
structure systems therefore are the 'natural
Santiago Calatrava
path of forces expressed in matter.
The Milwaukee Art Museum
Structure Systems: Form-Active
Form-Active Structure Systems
Cable Structure Tent Structure Pneumatic Structure Arch Structure
Validity: 25-500m Validity: 5-150m Validity: 10-300m Validity: 4-150m
Recommendation: 50-500m Recommendation: 10-80m Recommendation: 20-220m Recommendation: 8-90m
Structure Systems: Form-Active; Cable Structure
Structure Systems: Form-Active; Cable Structure
Portuguese Pavilion, Architect: Alvaro Siza
Structure Systems: Form-Active; Cable Structure
Portuguese Pavilion, Architect: Alvaro Siza
Structure Systems: Form-Active; Cable Structure
Dulles International Airport, Architect Eero Saarinen
Structure Systems: Form-Active; Cable Structure
Yale University Hockey Rink, Architect Eero Saarinen
Structure Systems: Form-Active; Cable Structure
Yale University Hockey Rink, Architect Eero Saarinen
Structure Systems: Form-Active; Cable Structure
Madison Square Garden, Architect Charles Luckman
Structure Systems: Form-Active; Cable Structure
Madison Square Garden, Architect Charles Luckman
Structure Systems: Form-Active; Cable Structure
Sony Center, Landscaper Peter Walker
Structure Systems: Form-Active; Cable Structure
Sony Center, Landscaper Peter Walker
Structure Systems: Form-Active; Tent Structure
Structure Systems: Form-Active; Tent Structure
Munich Stadium, Architect Frei Otto
Structure Systems: Form-Active; Tent Structure
Munich Stadium, Architect Frei Otto
Structure Systems: Form-Active; Tent Structure
Denver International Airport, Fentress Architects
Structure Systems: Form-Active; Tent Structure
Hajj Terminal, Skidmore, Owings & Merrill (SOM)
Structure Systems: Form-Active; Tent Structure
Stellingen Ice Skating Rink and Velodrome, Architect: Silcher, Werner + Partners
Structure Systems: Form-Active; Tent Structure
Stellingen Ice Skating Rink and Velodrome, Architect: Silcher, Werner + Partners
Structure Systems: Form-Active; Tent Structure
Stellingen Ice Skating Rink and Velodrome, Architect: Silcher, Werner + Partners
Structure Systems: Form-Active; Tent Structure
Structure Systems: Form-Active; Tent Structure
Structure Systems: Form-Active; Pneumatic Structure
Structure Systems: Form-Active; Pneumatic Structure
The Hubert H. Humphrey Metrodome
Structure Systems: Form-Active; Pneumatic Structure
The Hubert H. Humphrey Metrodome
Structure Systems: Form-Active; Pneumatic Structure
The Hubert H. Humphrey Metrodome
Structure Systems: Form-Active; Pneumatic Structure
Structure Systems: Form-Active; Pneumatic Structure
Structure Systems: Form-Active; Pneumatic Structure
Tectoniks Supplies World of Coca-Cola touring structure
Structure Systems: Form-Active; Arch Structure
Structure Systems: Form-Active; Arch Structure
Gateway Arch, Architect Eero Saarinen
Structure Systems: Form-Active; Arch Structure
Paul Klee Museum, Architect Renzo Piano
Structure Systems: Form-Active; Arch Structure
Paul Klee Museum, Architect Renzo Piano
Structure Systems: Form-Active; Arch Structure
The Great Glasshouse, National Botanic Gardens of Wales
Architect: Wales, Foster and Partners
Structure Systems: Form-Active; Arch Structure
The Great Glasshouse, National Botanic Gardens of Wales
Architect Wales, Foster and Partners
Structure Systems: Form-Active; Arch Structure
The Great Glasshouse, National Botanic Gardens of Wales
Architect Wales, Foster and Partners
Structure Systems: Form-Active; Arch Structure
Pequot Museum, Polshek Partnership Architects
Structure Systems: Form-Active; Arch Structure
Pequot Museum, Polshek Partnership Architects
Structure Systems: Form-Active; Arch Structure
Pequot Museum, Polshek Partnership Architects
Structure Systems: Form-Active; Arch Structure
Pequot Museum, Polshek Partnership Architects
Structure Systems: Vector-Active
Vector-Active Structure Systems
Flat Trusses Curved Flat Trusses Space Trusses
Validity: 6-100m Validity: 8-200m Validity: 6-150m
Recommendation: 10-80m Recommendation: 12-160m Recommendation: 15-120m
Structure Systems: Vector-Active, Flat Trusses
Mont-Cenis Academy, Herne, Germany, Jourda & Perraudin Architects
Structure Systems: Vector-Active, Flat Trusses
Mont-Cenis Academy, Herne, Germany, Jourda & Perraudin Architects
Structure Systems: Vector-Active, Flat Trusses
Mont-Cenis Academy, Herne, Germany, Jourda & Perraudin Architects
Structure Systems: Vector-Active, Curved Flat Trusses
Virginia Air & Space Center, Mitchell, Giurgola Architects, LLP Architects
Structure Systems: Vector-Active, Curved Flat Trusses
Virginia Air & Space Center, Mitchell, Giurgola Architects, LLP Architects
Structure Systems: Vector-Active, Space Trusses
Heydar Aliyev Center, Zaha Hadid Architects
Structure Systems: Vector-Active, Space Trusses
Heydar Aliyev Center, Zaha Hadid Architects
Structure Systems: Vector-Active, Space Trusses
Science World, Vancouver, Canada, Architect: Bruno Freschi
Structure Systems: Vector-Active, Space Trusses
The Montreal Biosphere, World Fair, Architect: Fuller
Structure Systems: Surface-Active
Surface-Active Structure Systems
Plate Structure Folded Plate Structure Shell Structure
Validity: 3-60m Validity: 8-200m Validity: 10-200m
Recommendation: 5-50m Recommendation: 10-150m Recommendation: 20-150m
Structure Systems: Surface-Active, Folded Plate Structure
Riverside Museum, Glasgow, UK, Architect: Zaha Hadid
Structure Systems: Surface-Active, Folded Plate Structure
Riverside Museum, Glasgow, UK, Architect: Zaha Hadid
Structure Systems: Surface-Active, Folded Plate Structure
Mlimatt Sports Education and Training Centre, Architect:
Structure Systems: Surface-Active, Folded Plate Structure
Air Force Academy Chapel - Colorado Springs - USA - Walter Netsch
Structure Systems: Surface-Active, Folded Plate Structure
Air Force Academy Chapel - Colorado Springs - USA - Walter Netsch
Structure Systems: Surface-Active, Shell Structure
Palazzetto dello Sport, Architect: Pier Luigi Nervi
Structure Systems: Surface-Active, Shell Structure
Palazzetto dello Sport, Architect: Pier Luigi Nervi
Structure Systems: Surface-Active, Shell Structure
Shell of Kresge Auditorium, MIT, Architect: Eero Saarinen
Structure Systems: Surface-Active, Shell Structure
The TWA Flight Center, Kennedy International airport, Architect: Eero Saarinen
Structure Systems: Surface-Active, Shell Structure
The TWA Flight Center, Kennedy International airport, Architect: Eero Saarinen
Structure Systems: Surface-Active, Shell Structure
The TWA Flight Center, Kennedy International airport, Architect: Eero Saarinen
Structure Systems: Surface-Active, Plate Structure
Faculty of Journalism, Pamplona, Architect: Vicens and Ramos
Structure Systems: Surface-Active, Plate Structure
Faculty of Journalism, Pamplona, Architect: Vicens and Ramos
Structure Systems: Surface-Active, Plate Structure
Faculty of Journalism, Pamplona, Architect: Vicens and Ramos
Structure Systems: Surface-Active, Plate Structure
Faculty of Journalism, Pamplona, Architect: Vicens and Ramos
Structure Systems: Surface-Active, Plate Structure
Faculty of Journalism, Pamplona, Architect: Vicens and Ramos
Structure Systems: Form-Active
Section-Active Structure Systems
Beam Structure Frame Structure Beam Grid Structure Slap Structure
Validity: 0-35m Validity: 7-90m Validity: 5-35m Validity: 0-20m
Recommendation: 4-30m Recommendation: 10-70m Recommendation: 8-30m Recommendation: 4-15m
