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Poynting Vector and Its Time Average Expression

The Poynting vector represents the instantaneous power flow per unit area in a medium and is defined as the cross product of the electric and magnetic fields. The time average value of the Poynting vector, which represents the net power flow, is derived using an identity that shows the time average of the cross product of two oscillating fields is equal to the real part of the cross product of the complex field amplitudes. This allows expressing the time average Poynting vector concisely as the real part of the cross product of the complex electric and magnetic field amplitudes.

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Jose Ricardo Descardeci
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191 views1 page

Poynting Vector and Its Time Average Expression

The Poynting vector represents the instantaneous power flow per unit area in a medium and is defined as the cross product of the electric and magnetic fields. The time average value of the Poynting vector, which represents the net power flow, is derived using an identity that shows the time average of the cross product of two oscillating fields is equal to the real part of the cross product of the complex field amplitudes. This allows expressing the time average Poynting vector concisely as the real part of the cross product of the complex electric and magnetic field amplitudes.

Uploaded by

Jose Ricardo Descardeci
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Poynting Vector and its Time Average Expression

The Poynting Vector equation is well known as: =


[Watts/m2]

The expression for the instantaneous Poynting Vector will be:(bold letters represent time
domain functions)

(, , , ) =
(, , , )
(, , , ) [Watts/m2]

We must remember that the fields are real entities. Then:


(, , , ) =
(, , , )
(, , , ) = {(, , ) } {
(, , ) }

Now, if we want the Time Average Value of the Poynting Vector, then we have:

1 1 1

(, , ) =
(, , , ) = {(, , )
(, , )} = {
}
0 2 2

The above equation was obtained by using the identity:

1 1
()
() = [
()
()] = { }
0 2

with () = { } and
() = { };

(, , ) = |(, , )| = || and

(, , ) = |(, , )| =||
() = cos( + )
() = cos( + ) and
To prove this identity, we take
+
We know that cos() = and sin() =
2 2

Then:

1 + +

() () = [|| ( ) || ( )]
0 2 2
2 ( + )
1 + ( ) + ( ) + 2 (+ )
| | | |
= ( )
0 2
||||( )
1
= ( ) ||||( ) = ( ) =
2 0 2 0

||||( )
= ( )
2
But , because: ||||( )( ) = {(|| || ) } =

= {|| || } = { }

We finally proved de identity:

1 1
()
() = [
()
()] = { }
0 2

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