DATABASE - FIRST NORMAL FORM 1NF
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First normal form 1NF sets the very basic rules for an organized database:
Define the data items required, because they become the columns in a table. Place related
data items in a table.
Ensure that there are no repeating groups of data.
Ensure that there is a primary key.
First Rule of 1NF:
You must define the data items. This means looking at the data to be stored, organizing the data
into columns, defining what type of data each column contains, and finally putting related columns
into their own table.
For example, you put all the columns relating to locations of meetings in the Location table, those
relating to members in the MemberDetails table, and so on.
Second Rule of 1NF:
The next step is ensuring that there are no repeating groups of data. Consider we have the
following table:
CREATE TABLE CUSTOMERS(
ID
INT
NOT NULL,
NAME VARCHAR (20)
NOT NULL,
AGE INT
NOT NULL,
ADDRESS CHAR (25),
ORDERS
VARCHAR(155)
);
So if we populate this table for a single customer having multiple orders, then it would be
something as follows:
ID
NAME
AGE
ADDRESS
ORDERS
100
Sachin
36
Lower West Side
Cannon XL-200
100
Sachin
36
Lower West Side
Battery XL-200
100
Sachin
36
Lower West Side
Tripod Large
But as per 1NF, we need to ensure that there are no repeating groups of data. So let us break
above table into two parts and join them using a key as follows:
CUSTOMERS table:
CREATE TABLE CUSTOMERS(
ID
INT
NAME VARCHAR (20)
AGE INT
ADDRESS CHAR (25),
PRIMARY KEY (ID)
);
NOT NULL,
NOT NULL,
NOT NULL,
This table would have the following record:
ID
NAME
AGE
ADDRESS
100
Sachin
36
Lower West Side
ORDERS table:
CREATE TABLE ORDERS(
ID
INT
NOT NULL,
CUSTOMER_ID INT
NOT NULL,
ORDERS
VARCHAR(155),
PRIMARY KEY (ID)
);
This table would have the following records:
ID
CUSTOMER_ID
ORDERS
10
100
Cannon XL-200
11
100
Battery XL-200
12
100
Tripod Large
Third Rule of 1NF:
The final rule of the first normal form, create a primary key for each table which we have already
created.
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