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Analytic Geometry - Formulas

Analytic geometry defines formulas and relationships for points, lines, and shapes in a coordinate plane. Key concepts include: - The distance formula calculates the distance between two points. - Slope formulas define the slope of a line as the rise over the run between two points on the line. - Equations for circles, parabolas, ellipses, and hyperbolas relate the coordinates of points on the shapes. - Conic sections like parabolas and ellipses have properties like foci, directrix, eccentricity that define their shapes. - Formulas are provided to derive properties like the vertex, axis, latus rectum from the general equation of a conic section.

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Annalyn Torio
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705 views3 pages

Analytic Geometry - Formulas

Analytic geometry defines formulas and relationships for points, lines, and shapes in a coordinate plane. Key concepts include: - The distance formula calculates the distance between two points. - Slope formulas define the slope of a line as the rise over the run between two points on the line. - Equations for circles, parabolas, ellipses, and hyperbolas relate the coordinates of points on the shapes. - Conic sections like parabolas and ellipses have properties like foci, directrix, eccentricity that define their shapes. - Formulas are provided to derive properties like the vertex, axis, latus rectum from the general equation of a conic section.

Uploaded by

Annalyn Torio
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ANALYTIC GEOMETRY

d=
Distance between two points
Distance Formula

d=

x 2x 1

y 2 y 1

A + B
2

Distance between two parallel


lines
d=

C1C 2
A 2 + B2

Coordinates of a point that


divides the line segment

x
x
x=

Slope of a Line

rise

Slope=m= run = x
tan

Ax 1By 1 +C

r 1+ r
( 2 r )
( 1 r 2)+ 1

y
y

=m

r 1+ r
( 2 r )
( 1 r 2)+ 1

y2 y1
m= x x
2
1

y=

Parallel lines

if the point is in the mid-point;

m1=m2

x=

Perpendicular Lines

m 2=

tan

m2m1
1m2 m1

Distance between a point and a


line

x1 + x2
2

;y=

y2 + y1
2

Area of a Polygon using the


coordinates of vertices

1
m1

Angle between two lines

A=

x1
y1
1

x 2 x3 x 1
y2 y3 y1 ]

3+ y3 x 1
x 2 + y 2 x
A= ( x 1 y 2 + x 2 y 3 + x 3 y 1 ) ]
1

1.0
1.0

Parabola

Hyperbola

Circle
1. General Equation

x 2+ y 2 + Dx+ Ey + F=0
Line

2. Standard Equation

x 2+ y 2 =r 2

A. General Equation
Ax+Bx+C=0

xh

B. Point-Slope Form

( 2 +( y k )2=r 2

C. Slope-Intercept Form
y = mx+b
D. Two-Point Form

When the equation given is a general equation


rather than a standard equation, the center (h,k)
of the circle and its radius can be determined by
converting the general equation into standard
using the process known as completing the
square. Or using the following formulas:

y y 1 =m( xx 1 )

y y 1

y
2+ x 1
x

=
( 2 y 1 )

(x- x 1

k= 2 A

radius (r)

Conic Section

D2 + E24 AF
4 A2

Parabola

General Equation

y 2+ Dx+ Ey+ F=0V

directrix
x

Determinant

B 24 AC

B 4 AC

Conic
Section

Ellipse

h= 2 A

Center (h,k)

x y
+
a b =1

A x + Bxy +

C(h,k)

A x +C y + Dx+ Ey + F=0

E. Intercept form

C(0,0)

Eccentricity

1.0

Where
a = distance from vertex V to
focus F
d = distance from point to
directrix
f = focal distance

1. General Equations
a. Axis parallel to the
y-axis

e=

f
d
Since f = d, then
e=1

2
A x + Dx+ Ey+ F=0

b. Axis parallel to the


x-axis
2

C y + Dx+ Ey+ F=0


2. Standard Equations
Vertex (V) at the origin (0,0)
A. Axis along x-axis
Opens to the right
Opens to the left
B. Axis along y-axis
Opens up
Opens down
Vertex (V) at (h,k)

The latus Rectum of the


parabola is the line that passes
through the Focus and
perpendicular to the axis of the
conic.
LR = 4a
When the equation given is a
general equation, rather than
standard equation, the vertex V (h,
k) of the parabola and its focal
length or focal radius a can be
calculated by converting the
general equation to standard using
the process known as completing
the square.
The following formula can be
obtained:
For an axis horizontal

A. Axis parallel to the xaxis


Opens to the right

For axis vertical

Opens to the left


B. Axis parallel to the yaxis
Opens upward
Opens downward
The eccentricity of the parabola is
the ratio of the distance to the
focus to the distance to the
directrix

Ellipse
1. General Equations
2. Standard Equations
Hyperbola

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