fr amangemant on pr ey WF di Physical comporants That ase conrad logs Then fa 2 B® donne an ertne uh b athrue 0 wlan objichve ts tallad @ system ions mochin a (ey) Control : Wie manning g Ce eo negulate , ise On Command a sy der $0 Hak the Cirad objectve ve obtasned Example: Sy ee) conho!, Tosgue conto). Plant : Jt 13 dyfined os Tha postion J system which BOS ee ‘s Controlled On Aegulalid . 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Eanye~ [erden . ae Wy Ga g te folowng 7%" FU a ky 2 eer 2 yo [ms vu a .law flb)- fed fet fki1 fo Bf ee Mh gi 3 3 B dy: 4 x, lt? ap Oo Teking Laplow Tnarof om Fs): Mis? vis) 4 Bs Yl) +k Yt) +o (%ly- Y2ls) - Frubody #290 oe sme Ma fk 4s +a (41-42) a. ed 42 + Koda Ye = 2 a) rae On Liking Aeplaw Joarof 08m Mas? y2(s) + Ra (y2t- =O _@ @2@ an the dfperertial eguators J The~ Kavls) Mis) Yale) [rast kl ee Ka “ELS: yilapons? + es +k tka] = Kg Yald es M : ae 24 ky Rit es — Ko¥ols) LP e fo 4 Ko J [Mis +854 Kit a] Fa if Pei ial fl) [ros ka) [Mist 84 kt ke] - Ko* 3) Defernvns the transfer furdon ml? M9 ard al) foe F0) Fb) the oo. SigeRs Fis. = q din 4 Eien sae ee i ae Si. ate On taheng laplow bnanforn Els)< Mis?% 3) t Ri Mls) FBS Xl Fuchody bagi gd mm man He boxe gee eae atk ener 3) 4812.5 (tds)- eb) —O By puukeo's ard law : frat feat fie tf fis =o zi x Mad? 4 By X91 Kat Bia (19-%1) > at? ot ar Laplace tanifoom Mas? ols) + Bos X21) t Ra ¥2l)) + Bias-(%21s)-¥b))= 0 tae 2 aSEER Ins74 By 54 Koy Bi2S A b) agOD my (Ps? 4 Bir Ba)st & © By sv2h) = FA) x) [ms 4 (Bt Bi2)s rk] —Bys-Basl) = Fly) Nys’t Bo5 4K: Bi2s 2 Xi[s) (ts +(B/+8io)s TKD) Myst4 Bostk2 +6125) ~Bi se Mos? 4 Bos+ K+ Bios Transfer furchon Beis) Fly) Xils) > Mos? 4 B2S+ Kot B28 Fl 1) [ (rs? Balstk Nim s!Bysre1805| - Bi2's} d | To find hoanfe> furton Xai) FD a a @ " 5 (sy [Mas 182s +h + Bas ] = Bas xy Mis) > p(s) [Mas’t Bost Rad Biz s]Pe. 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BO (O-©2) ot 3) Spreng Oe : oe bie ee Ths papery foigus ple Te- K.© [© > orgulox dp anu ) 7) tenn blu Awe onda, wih Y the pg . cu Asplawment OMe OS: thay Ihe gppenng 4 wl he pooper tional te diffe verbal angular f.powloo's °F Law Tree Tyaetat cK Ie me de 8 de + K0 olf at Problems: D Wrile Ma differential aquatow fourey ha erachoricad yotakond cyten shown w fiers Ola Ihe lanye? function o Tho syn ie wm) ay ae ) Copp 1004) (op) © ) thee fheve ane bin momar! f aungules aiplaursrh 9, ard @: Trubody Piogun Q oman! Ora 7 & aes ci ‘3 73) ee if he Pri ear spiO; TlatTriTe Geass + K. (68+ Bde Lp are olf "@ On Taking Laplow faarr] oon Jas?) 1k (Ob) Oils) FBO (s)= 0 i @ © 07 the oliffprenteal equations of the syxlim Hom ogo @ Obs) [ Jas? 1k» 4O5f = K O15) ) Bis): Ol) [Jos’4K+ B87 Sah Oils) % 6g @ kK Ts) = ols) [3st kK] ~ Ros) é ols) [os7+ K+ B+] [Js -K] sae i? KRobiffpvenial eae governury fhe macharitah 1 sytem pe PDE ard Adsdarmr the re Jun thon Ce) Th) aa K 1 2 ska iS aie), rae “i el + eee 77 7 77 Hise have 020 tuo rome 9 Lota Ty ari To vith foes angler chaplecarnsrh 0; ad O> Frukocly bag J) moment § Tuvtal 3) ©, aa oh: a ey ah See | als Hiss <— 1812 ees lait ie Tee T =F d'Sh, Kor 82+ 82 a (8%) i eu ——Fig+Te+ TRi2tta= © Ja. d?02 + K(Oa-%) + Big (03-00)+ BG. pF ae a at On fabirg Leplow bamform Jo s2orts4 kC026)- Ou) 48128 (020) -O1)) 2 f BS 6265) > 0 Oot[Jas*t KY B84 BE] - ON R41 Bast =o Equation Or@ fowms Wf ayferclel ee g The. sytem Jo find trany ey functhon Tooreft agen eri = ft ee Ba if Jost evbsr 8: RIB Zi eg » [ast KA BS 125 ](Is"4 By Caer Ke a a K4 Bus TEs) = ee a) Bias) (Just Kt Bi25) -[# paste Seam Unae ere PS K+ Bi2s ee oz) > Ki Bis TU) ( Ths $4 B34 Bias) (Is"4 J CISK Bas) 4 —(K4 Bias) Elecrial Systm: — Modathig Gf frame fir almenl> of obcbical 9 + his . axe D Resistor 9) Induclow ae outer Rontss . 5 enh the flow ceo sin nfs ee Os & Se Ds ae Y Se — vie crs wesislor 1S vis RO at 7%gn. frelol in ths. a ee ao long a cumrent flows * Sy Then or inobuclew sont the hange oO Hens i allows oc currant f blokes o¢ csverd nip cepa eve) ihe voltag « atns indulane 1's vit) < £ ato at The Lumut Through induclans 'S (oes, LL fvceolt a i Capsutss E> q oleckostate [velel pp onl DP Kos dlacteal conde ding plate Ne shove electra) Onogy 10 The fom Sepuctd by a Chele*ic 3 Of soe de wnet @ allows acThe ool woking Kirhoff’s wunot > Nircho/y’s vollage Law ¢ - algchac Sun rojtape apne vote” Cit al gohrat nun g q llege wie @ 0 Probhrw » oblan town folow stile th feonsfer feenchor d Ta clack leo yhtty woeilter os a ZGioNi® 4 Mo Ve & VNey Cad Roeh S Pt rods QD eyplyrg & off cussent Jaw Be ig dey MO EO R) Ri ol Re On takeeg Laplos Lanfoor a Elsi << els) 4 Cy eyes) ft ED- v2(s) Ri Bai Re dee VIN) | Lor Gs 47 Vol — =a Sao es BM: @ Ri [a ra ann @ epping Kocayfs ome law dva =o ere oteat al EAE) 0 —®@ RQ Ry Ma V6) moe | Ip Rr eves Ro ft 105] R2 Vals) = oo + Ros | Lab Vals) & egn (2) Els) _ Bel a? | — Va ts) ae Ri R) Ro Re Hy Re Els vais) Be esis) a A RiRe a) - a ea aoe : Bey = IOP Rs] (1 sci] B19 R Ro sy Riky Rr Els) = Vals | ( 1+ Re (25) CRat Re Cs tk) —RtPoafrvse the barr functor J The cechical fed “chown fines 5 aaa | TS nm = i Witty Rv t +f nod) + Rail’) ¢ Matt) LL fitertt + Rare) S Takiig deplors Taroom Vii: Ry Ltr Pith Tes is ee Rep ia) Sig SO as Vols)> _!_ TJs) + Ra tls) =a) iz Troon ag 0 OQ : aide 2 LI) Rot le aoe csVols) [Po Re Ror cs eee Sanysr functor: Vols) 7) Bol Roi ae cs Vvils) Ria Po+_ SiG meee + | SE Rigcdt Rost tt 7, ton Vol Bah SCR: [rcunfer Juncte ols) > * vids) 1 (Rid RajSC Fi checkrtas ales JA se 8 (Vils)- Vols) = Vols. os Ro R) rls) pat a > Vols) gh als to] Ry aie ee lg SCR), | st ae Ri + Ro+ scRiRgp ae oe . SiR pes) : Ro Cit scr) vils) Cit B+ scrip) Tranites furchon = Vols) Ragneee vils) en Rid Ro+ 9cR, RE ati e | Aor azm 1) Dovve The trans functor 9 | as mve fojfeo) Dc molar a . cd Of the 2 = Tk ug Jnvessenaly Ae omatuss wllge ane es ple 1 aaF vanabl- a - | dy en} \ | 6 } 2 pees | folp) iq: Perncttirre Confrobled De rolor Ry > Armatars Revilane 5 La Perratare Drdu chee Ta > Prmdture biivent! 3 Va> Armalare vollape @6> Back orf 3 OD Angular Arpleceme! Io Mormsnt d) jae onvfos and Loud! ; BO Frchons! wefprert J oO. ead dead DT , Feiges clereleped Ay motoroS Tea eee cied, to. TK, Caipran and flux 9 age poker , Since flux & wonstant, Prsgus “4 Propobonral é Ja ROA la,, > constant Weert la a) ky > Torque wnslant Gare’ cle ving Tho meckavial t/m alone mee ve | > Fh olifferertial equator govenng The mechartaf Sim J rolex u ROL ieee, Jan te él frome chan: " The eee d De mochis 18 lage ; etait i- Ro falt qigebal + Ebls) —@ TIs)= Ke Fats) -O Ts): qsroint 80) -@ €6/s) = kb S94) -@ Equating @ 4 @) Kt fap)- Jstols 1 85015) Boy (485) — © ke Sub agr @w@u @ Val) (Roi sto) Tal) 4 tls) = (Rarsla)(Js*tBs) Be ks!) Rt Vals). = ceo) ma Ke fer fuscter : ls) a vats)ee + kbxe Raw : Kt/RoB pe ee Cee Cee ia qe- Ol) - Kee, 5 Vals) oo a (145 ta) ('tSt) Hy, oe Wheve ta = a fofe < electrical tm, caer Gy Fig = 7 Aan) Line ee 5) Dorve the teanper furcton J freld contlled | De molor SD field controlled 26 moto. , The azmatare i's vane A Iage 18 Kept tonplanl O74 The sped 's va med hy The flux q th. machos " cytes is deetty prpoeticeil 4 eebsad Vaz constant et] d e (olp) ep Fed Riclanis 5 Ay > Feld Srductorte Vp > Weld wollage 5 Dis Jo Mom g jnwha 4) B > wehoral copper? J we and hood. | TO Toqu dlavelopeo! fy molox Consclaving the aecbal sytem alow | ey Ry ne TF : ‘ V | a Oo ot Elec omechanical weleclicn: * Th bogus ga Freotox 1S properties! : ae proves g fear and armolure Urea, alate alielia a did> Torque conshant 3 the mechancal system clo % Te tpt! equation Gowwneng The mu chancel , tytn J moter Go Dies 7 ade 27 1 ot 2 ab On baking Laplace feamifore g a © 2@ vg Re Tp OF Lys Tt) —© qi) ky HO -O Tis): qs?ols) +85 Obs) iG) S@® © Key pb): 786()7 Bs 81s) sein Bs Obs) 5) ee pfs). * ”ols) (1 Ss Ly] (ee ps | Key Ket Ra B(R su) (ost ® ? —_ RIB He: (14514 J (1 +2) Ret pig S(itsa) (its) - Pred bime con+ad = Mecharcal Lirns Corrkard; g wee oporlans sing ¢f ra eanen fe Me elMca mods ard analyt® Tham tramletonal sgt ava analogous Yo Pengilane. inductor ano Capa vtanes 9 Caehaeal systems 5 Thilp fore > aecharcal sym 1 analog our ho wo Thee voltag: on Clpuent JOU os ecw sy tom Pgh citrus volouty (ve de oulp uty ( ae, 18 analog ous G& wfher curnenl on vollage in an ig ebekiial Syrtarr Coe dy \ ra (A chehca/ systems has bao Lope) pub Wihen volloge OF Cutt Mess tex lino egpes J analogies! Jone - vollgs anokagy ard Jove — current t By D! Alerbest GPP pe oe sievkw'ky bo cenlting from Rischo/ptc laws fv elachvu/ ij agae t= 9 motion J mechani syle tn dn ra gate sy Ten clerrant \ rd SOUR »au + peat by 4 be 4 zal yan ay eL, a Mechanical sto | Clackical sm | = (Crrek bers s/m)| ee | est Se op Dirplecerns, x Chou9? 4 | os Veloo’ 4, a Curent } ‘da aoe Davhpol, 8 Ram rotane, R slo ‘ pee am M Jrdu cfance HU c. go is ’ BL ma 2 Capenphe nta! ay len 15 saps e in a ChoseeS Leap A analegous hebrcal eystion The chant conrectic bho 400 mana in me charical Syston a Beprererted ota toy no aca Ailven ie P tino her (Lops) 9 ch chrial analogous ayer Force CuRRENT ANALOEY Pycharial Syst 1B) K) € bchstal Sy Lae CRiL) Tip. Fore a Tip: Caerent Sous vide Olp : Velou' ly olp Vo. < Ler hae. fi) / M.dv 4 Bv4k ee Se | eae rt) ~ + LacsD DB ebchos system , Cees ae Pill have game voltage, Mikewise Y predeival syle, The clement Aang yame vilouly awe 1Wal i be o pase! 2) Gh mann Wee machanval sybn Comepords bia nock w TA Cachcal sy Ye 35) Th raurbu o) poder » ole chiial analogous ns me bas Thal d the numb poaunes Ur mecha sy er 4) Th fore and pamive Deen Corel Cd mono re hava rym should! be sapere by analogous Blemenk vorpeckd fp node cs ba System The Cement comedies bj beso Maries in raha rte o™mno i ae (@ tedria) analogous sy XamA) a bia ky fit) fret far fet fky Flt) = Mdéxr , Bidar $ Bi2d (xi-X2)t Kilt-ve) “ole? a a YG) | “Trshodly hagiam J man Mo ss | eae M2 fk < 4B Ke tke Tyer 4 Mat kit fk24 fB2t fP2 - 0 ) Mad?xe 4 ky (xz -x)+ Ko te | et ao at + Bird _(%-x) 4 Ba AX =0. et a Oe ete eae oe oadF e, Foss rable anabegy eqn @) 2G) become Mit) = ee. bis Eat Fay) t Riz(i- 12) tL [Cirnyar ot a) Lodir } Raior—_ f ay att Rip (2-") fee Corsa a Go Gg2)wat The olffpsential eguabon, Govening The rms chancal System « draw The Jove votlag« and Jowr- Uuret cli drags os ad vnty by cng mack cred No ole aguakom Ffotty= fat fkii tke $83 frie) = Mo dP ky (1pm) + Kieray LE 4d 2 oe ©) hagram an M3 ee ret” Ae ing M3 Ek: isnt 23) | pmat fk3tf 237 © Mad2x2 ¢ ka (vs-¥2)t 83 d_ (0 ¥2)-0 “abe oo 3 Foss - vollng « Analogy | Replerg diplacwnnt by vebooty yr ©) eS fictl > Mindy +R fwd 1B: Wath, (va) all dt si ;Veet): La. de # RCs) +L. [ere isyat ot G a Zfoe-we Ly cs. + R5Cia— ia) ee izydb = O dt C3 Pnaltogour Gout: dy SF Vee te pM } eee oles 1 2 i, cr eat Coe aD ERS oN iy | ie ee " | asain Ag: Arse vo lhage analogour Use -pz ores rr Coy de Ls of ames ly, Vs) Ro date i, : 4 few) BA inafys-V2)0 lr Le Re Bq thee —Curvent Analogous Crust 3B) Wb fhe dlitprentzat aguator Govewany the mechanical yy ren. Drew The fore vollag, ano foe D Gumart clschial aredagous v'seu'h ard veri by pribingrnet ard rod cp wakau oD rym ron [hate mares oly ere M, * a fm) M, = fB) Ky f Bo f 83 fm4 4B, TPP2 +f Rf Bs © M dl? xt ie sO aie oe dvix 2) var a haar eae ee ON Mr dy 8,5 k YY (m4 Hew pee it a 1 [dt 7 Ke fC Volt 4 Rely) J a _—@ Trechody Bogan Gf man My b3 x2 2 fm | Pig faz < fko3 en i fas | ; fMr4+4 Bt bi tae1 man M5 % fM3 ap Bs ef ko3 Wee F829 FM3+ $854 f oat f Bas - Ma ol *¥. fi + B3. 203-0) + —. v2] os es y2]=0 ase! Ms. eS + Bs (Ve-w+ Koa [(- Va )+Bo3 Me-¥eko | Fou vollags Analogy, 2) By fore vollage cralany og OO 4B Car be ult 1 OD fic + Riyy a fiat RoCiz-/2) 1 Rs('r!3)-0 ot “i a - Ze. a t RoCly-A) os ks: ia)dh4 Res Cpe * -©Ba: frre vo lage analogous Ureut fee Cament Analogy ii May Efren Liv Vale us ye Ai ai 2 (u-v3)- O Re 2-2 + Bey, v,) + (veers) dhd! ty ye a Ror 653 Rog ey sl (V3-v) +L Cvs- vaso + I (Vs-vaynn R re Ras areTrubody rs) man My kew $M) P fk) fmitfet fk) = 0 M).012x ' ot oe ki x20 Md 4 Bilvee Ki (Wrrt © My ee)7 Ri i2)t Lfei-ma-o E) 2. Rosny _) afew + Ri(re-t4 1 (Cia) ‘ou c Prabegoss Crevt ect) Hig: fore valli. analog ous uel Fons - Gavent Anology & fors- tomer! analogy, aga ® £@ freom. Cu a aa olt R, Z) - oa, + eee Ave Wi edt) be Ry f iC: dua ‘ or Rryt Bq. Jone exment analogos PB aletca/ lechrcal Anobogou Meckarcal Petabone! Sytr a Wis The Actes clemarh Regen =! woth ona/ Sylam ove Morar! 2 Sustio, Rolalenad dastpot ard tosswora! rng - They axe qnalepout ea Relans, Drdu cane ard Capor' are e) elechical Sy toms Bey iopat orale gous & other vollags Sous Cog, Luvs ja obchrial sym ae 7 oulput angulosa velouly mre hava kotehonal ja an chrent 17 chebical 1y em Fiat fon ton fie 9 op inc dia Tongue mo chara! Sytem 78 ert Soure => Sine the che Age Souseo (OL) cusent Soul? 4 : anoleg/e 1) orgie vollage analogy fil ialow Te ko - kfwat Se a Ve I ef iat dist g analogous guanbhes Ou Tosqus - vollag ¢ analogy Mechancal Rotako Electrical Syn CMesh Bams) gE eS oe 1 ree) olp Pagulor velouity (ca) Cament Ge Prouler eb pplatemad (©) Charge (9) i eat Dashnot (B) Moment 9 Lucha (y Sperg (kK)jnar Lin -S Th sytem han tin momar! J trechodly dagiam J J, LN 13) J, a TB) T = Tat Tet Ti T- yd70l +» (6/-02)1 81 IF aa) “at af The sy to Fee 0 promert jnerka f) mov J, Ja anol J, Fe echocly dhagear 9 dj hee tT st 0 oe —©@aba + Alia a) +. — fiadt - 0 a Crewit oud i idl Be. Vosges - voltage analogoun cru? Tocgus - Cuvsant Analogy Sy Tosgus— Camsenh An abogy, agro O,QA@ Aroma OD Cd + L (vi-va) Be cee = 1) ea R) @2 Cade + 1 eet Mp FS: fee) zie a , i Re ‘i, sigs a renee o Se 2‘Aq: Torque — Covent An atogous Oruut | Thermal Systems Modlalling | > Tica sylims ase Prose That jnvole fhe hans J Tha frat from om Substans ty anofthes 2 Permal systems may be analysed v4 lems J qemitone rd! capa er Liine ukch ys bubrbules Threughost We subslane . hex preease analyos, | As bibuled pvcorsles rmoclels mist be eesec/ eer any Trawmal cyst, fA. flow J Keat fron ou point Le arolher 1s Lolally ender! on Lemp cecal wre (Lov Arxp) [rm port 4 ont and if is rch tn fhe same way ar uta ise celaled Ha vollage 70 simplify The aralyrs , the unporrty J) lamp value pp armmrd and theresy The syrtim is vepreelid | by a Lanped ae mole! rays Peat low! xorg a Fee fet or he connate ie ec: Wie Tiss >: londuchoo, loavechon Ano its State we Condes only con duction andFe taoves hoo peat barfe™ 9: k 40 Nhe) Asal flew va, KCal/sec de> Lerpuatare Appr” ’ a kR2> Cooffrvent, kal [soc eC Whaso KX > kA for woduchon Revslans > pile p> snide Bh a Conduclans = KP h > cwonclud-4 +— 4 b = HA, Jos convechoo a: T %p BE Perera) conduchity , keal/nsee °C > A> Baa nowma! t, teatflov,m*~ WME hr 8) Conduclor . m YH > conveckon coppeert, eal on? sec °c osaey senstens Qnd Thesrral capavlines aie Threrna! sevrtana (RI {xe cat bonifer b/w do suhsfanus 1s Clafineol a BR: (harge o lempualare Afferent 26 “—" Change feat flow role , keal/ieeCn, A 6 ee eal Lo9hh ov Hg, ee Oe Manes ee? Acs Ya, dina The the ema! Conduchuoty (Gis) cee rer Geffen (CH) ore almost constant, fhe Fhe ema/ Reta 1x Thad "on clinkalancc gas, cBayeedon'’ cf cantar 4 Th Pewmal tapeutane ‘Cs ee, a7 hang: feat stored , keal Chango Aeypeton Gee M> mar d sublane conned. kg Ga Ear heat capooLy : > Usually Those wll be come sor ag. f aah ne Phemal sytem Aeths Bien PE body empualare ond The capacty 9 slosage craig y ps Onteerrired by fre man 9 fhe melee amehy fhe Surrounding ar > FI is also auured Hat there G70 feat + lovage ad. ard Fat the bgucl > he Lank Is popety mud 40 Meal ph a af uniform Amprua SE Lypecatins 15 cond te cesen'l he Aimpuative <) the Lipud 10 thy Park on The cut oon hqwd ; bd, Oj > 6 Liadly Stols Tenpucilass 9 sof lourrg } Lowd, 2c | Oo > o Slab frp uatine 9 od/Louing ees OG Q > Stacy ota: Lod flour sab, 9 7! Fy /sec i) Paes) boud o Zark , kg ey Preipre hal Cepooky » Keal] x9? R> Thermal Bemslance °C Sec) kal C > Phenmna capovilane , keal /*¢ i> shedy Stak heat fp sats, peal/eoc. -ead olp ects will fhay change Ns fom Wb Ath, hese Change 0 haat Sp ae > Thesifoss The Lenpualiive d The outylowing hound wilt aho Ar Charged! from eelteL es Me ieee 6 6 the Charge o> Limp watare os fhe Cae. Bs 6 Grd R av oblwrned a Fo fas f: hap «bel, 5,. G68 Wet C= Me ( Thema! caperlans ) Thermal sentanu &: charpe i Lamp obify Char & Keak flow soli ee We Ge : Wk Fost fralance eguachon ee ee . 4 ac teat shovel inde fhe chomber & (hi - bo 34 ee has will. incvenve fleeces he >epourent a SmallCoe f, ol/ Rede Rie eee es; __ ©) out Takurg Aoplac BranJosrn RCSO[) 4 ©(5)- Rails) OWT) 4 Res} - Rms) Bee | BU iy eae GO oleratr tramps furchon raking @ ardBangeel. from & 4 G70, wth teat Hard Arowd flow sab G ave Contfart , hes The heal flow lout) rule wilt he thange from Wb AT th ard henu Lonpuatise J outflorng Liquid wilt be chongd fom Oo tb Oo1 6 The teat halons eguation 1s ado = (NO sy) ar | Bere ae, ) hy Oc | hi = Geo €-de = (btor- hs) dt acto ee, ~h. het Re OM tee (a4)| - Res] = Ots) a Ot) 14 Res (Casca: E D the Therma) sywem vs suhjched be Kan acy i both the Linpuatare q inflow Ligue and The heal gal Aot , The, foal 4 alana eguakoo ua Combining GD) g @® fies 70 - 0)'7 R4; —€) L €4n ® ah sepreantead wo block Lagan orb) Hid sy ! ey A ie | Secon” | pets a D9: Block Diaprar gf [hevmal oy slim 2 paling two Lapaiale: i ae pias ee : Aepicts the jnftr- rela. Pitrenst amon, he voxous tl eae ts o) hock dagtarn are i) Block ; ee) Baand point 3) Surenurg Pont Block 5 The Gemows indiats fhe flow The ouput signal per tha hiock iain by The wt J ipa sigaal and tuonsfin feemcton a peeed i q signals 2Be The systim ‘ BS A cack wih 2 Crs Ths 1y a Jummerg opeishon : 7 => The pls (0) minus 590 at wh arouwteadl indicts Mipelinx. the Signal ie/h be adoled (on subbiotad 73 bol [hat in ccale, 4 Reanch Point Preach point a. Branch point ‘ = A branch point Is opoint from Whi the S'gaal a block goes conutaently be ofthese blocks Con Sls Haye sles £2 Combing parallel bloc (on Cornbiring ie pots al &B A ANB py AB -€ A Zit aa ee 4) AB ATB-CSolution Shp Movweg the branch poinks Chatl Ts. block. . — pa! Ge DS 5len3 Combining pote! block. > ¢ F fee aSis G24 Gs - Ss I+ Gut = Sky Combining blo» tanack ee ( Gig 4 Gib3 Tromfss forckon ? Si R 14914 GACH Gi J GHy4 Combining blots > Carade and anagg Ihe : fudbock pot. ( Brkshorging summuig porrk ) BE Goh esas sh . ee | [es \ VG. Le H. | 71a Sheps: Elyounoston g Jodh ack pH%® a Rk SL) Ss a f ae : 7 > | 146,64) G2bst Ba | pes * | Mle, ius Gi (Gabat Gu) —___< (+G. y I FGiGrth + (C054 Gua pe 14 GiGadty Elica; nateon 9 fudhock pt © Stop : ¢ G) (G20s4 Cy) R IPOs th +GsCaHa + Cyne 1 Ont ee Ge) 't Gidom VOC, tGyWe wah — - Gi (Ga6s4 Gu) Suen ee i 114160014 63H, 4 Gute + Gil Gaad hey(mee GyostHe | | 1t Gy | | | Eliminate J ft pat and lanoshag bloc Ea | OG oie | | | ¢ (4 Gi Gf Gs Hear } | Gs | Slips: Elimnahen d fib palk ard comodirg flock R Gib2-(1464) a > 1 (14. Gy) Gets tha Ga! # GiG2CHG4), c = aoe GiO263(.14 Gu) He: ——__—_——_—— (1 1G4)-Giayostina GiG2 (1464)ah Shp Elinvnate. J 41h toop ard conoting Block ano! pits ors 6 F Se a Geer! | SuGsH| a Bs Oo Bat S| | inatuon df redlhot Loop eso) | Gigs vid [At Gee! T+6y |Eliavaaken J fb Loop a ; Co 7a (4 GudC+G, C2) GiGelan Ge ee SLs: (analy blocks Gre Gi by os G6 He j R, [1 4Gu)C1+ 612) GiGybs HrHe| Stipa: Daferthanging Summing poe Be; cae Vela i int ahead @) fhe block eal 2S ae € |G fe aX Petes a : ie a slaps - Caradiny Ke block, and lnvnathen J feed back feees é ; [ a GrQs TX} Se t+ Gott Gocshy |lip? Combirvag block» o> eee = Gib263 + Gy, NK R IF G2Hi+Go0ah,~Gibo dy Grey C5+ Gu (14 Ga IO2era— W1G4s) } + G2i+ 6) GaHo - Gido2 bg Gu, ja The follovwng block hago, Ris)Sips : Changing fade pont A covey bok me Rls) w | eG D ree Gy | a BOO) ok ete (Guns 9Dro x hedbock Loo Sips Liman 9 ae 2 cb) {+ a sce | 7 |\THegir came | [Goan | eee Sips: Trhochanging 3) sumrarg port i) KQ\_| Gitatses fee chy) V4 att -GaGrloels | | | Hy CH Gy th H2) | G3ay b Beh? fb pA@ | : GREG as feac(s Ee 7 Spe sf Ct a Canta Gry ah Wed | | | Soa ite el7 14 Gynt — ee, GHiHo~ G26 get + Gis Hy (14Gumte) we Elmnatco 9 fucthock poh) GiG2 GoGy R ———— ee ee L4G - pete tg - 42036, H3 +6 162HyCI+GuthH2) 1 GiGrGG Signer Flow GraPH Js woo! i ewe 27907! flow gph wo te Pein eee grap hotly pp itt v develop ees ieee BS Both tH Mock Bagram Tahngus are [he Be gpa! flow gap prin rela, Tage 1 gfowncton Atock Olagvam [Kar hut tt Kans advarlage Ove ths sya Can be compuled aay "eg P)arons gorge Ths mathod " Is Sieph fhah fedous block hagram Bb, feng bo gird [he Gen eb The fe” d 4 The signal fies gp! “P from one olor g a systin ho neler The yelatomAp areng pestrav ols [om ons node bons Lene |4) Itp pode (00 Sow Th ys anoce hot han only outgoing bianche 15) olpnode on Siok Die is 2 Ped Thakkar only | 8) Myx00/ rock Pf is a noce That hav Bofk so vworng and, awlpoing branche 2) Path. : | i Path me whe Zrownsal connechad Ssanches | Bin fhe bac chon J aes Aut should rot ca mods move Than one. ye, pot Ais 2 pala from 1/p node. Dae o/p po pods more Aan oncei (gen) 9 2 boop. ) Non —Louching doops. yy The Loop does not fave @ Common pods, Then thy ae vad & he ron~Touchng loops Poorron's Gon Rooke ee Dh the Convenkond feodvgus. a ga J signal flow graph 18 ph tered Ay tow ting equation at wey rods and then peasuang!ng a aquationn & ge He vate J Up and! '/p [ Gass @o7F) » fhe rrodaem Lays marcos fo wrk Re na! fo ve ding Se. gar Oo Ycaapie system sa ain ile Je sya (R= Ree “py cls) = 0p. 9 Th ym ¢ ¢ > Conon Yp) Be factor 9 9 yma GOD ee eF> Trans furcten (or) gow yt ee hoxuay : Wen 1 ae A Wie (5 arp J individual Loop gain) ae F gainprodach i) al) poxrhs ont J Non- touching Loops ) } — (sum d) gan prides g a porvhle | combinahons g Thoee non touchsrg Loops) ee Ra: Ak = 4 fom that perk J guaph whch rot Lic KIA fonwaad pote Procectare a convesteng Block dag.an & Signa flow oe D Pssume nooles at yap, ouput pet aaeny, senna ae! at wey hranh ee and so ble coooded wy | block» 1 2) Doaw the node spoakly Qn smal) orcles Cm fern ber Remeauec(es 9/97 fae onclee ), 2, 3,4 ofc. 9) Dind the qos bles each node 1” fhe rats fom cade parr Bye conrecl at/ 1h comeponding crcles (nod) Sheavght fink anol mask fhe Gar ble nodes jada with arrows vopreardng [ha [l0@Draws fhe s[udbock pats bus i, Gnd mark the gain d) fecclback polio ehorg wth 3190 and = armows Le he sadcated | Problems Dod The overall tramps funchn he sy lin wthoue Signal fiw geoph & 2 ae Gs G&G & coe 3 a a -4--—> ol) Oy eae 7 8 !p, > - GH, Peet teiiz Py - -G, [TP Tue Non-louckng Loop. . ah Thane are ost hicdg Cops @ Aoop 02@ © sp © #@ Let the ger tvs combinalon “us ~~ Loops be Pio ard for ! Bao O om in df. a 4 Beet fe boa “Ff, Lug : an | Loop @ gee) ‘op® lon ole Pi2z Goastts Pro = Golabs Halk *e Cleslabor gp A are! Ay F oN 1=( Pu t+Port Pa) t( Pi2tPo2) 21 (-GoHi-Co cotta —CsH3)+ (Goes Wily Az! t+GHitG26gn, FESH 3 + CaCs Het Colas Ay! 2 22D Bad the ovestl gas J the sym aLore s'ynal flow graph ts Shown Gr6y be Pra2, = &, 6.07 | Ps -~G26iH2Gales 1 = bs/\ es we S 6 7: < a ee -He Pood pu@ "eS ba ) 3 By) ; " 2 X be F>—! %.-Ces Cen Giggs eG / AGa ae / ‘ Trdvidesl Loop There Bee Birr tncyoluc) Loops j LD te Bagge be Pat BeNon - feucking Loops: - : ie ry one combinakon gd fio ran tauching Loops ‘ F dot The. gasn De -Hy aa 4 oe Pir= Gast e 7 ee) Ly THe q Loop Oo Lop® (B) Ca/ewtaton J A oso! de a A- 1 CPit Pt Pa.) + Pla p! eI (gh cegstiat hice ve Dt G4 Os He =14G4Hi + Gsbe - Gibs He FGqb she Ae 1 (Pa) oe ta Gta (hoop 2 js not dackeg forward poh O) Aae 1- (Pry = 1 + GH ( bop t pot bucky ere eee : Age |- (0) 5 AL Ase OFor ovual/ gun fe The signal flow yy =H) ae ee; Pe he G, ¢ , hy o> = =p = me Ba Ach) — ~ Hg Soludon ; L. had pow . Re) (Lt the [ome par gou fhe ?, avd Arwad path O eS Be rh) DECC, Cet BERS 9c) Poe C,Gay ea a X ] Cy ag G De Viele Cleat loop c Pe: jive Les lot the Loop gash be Pr, Pat, Paty Pan Psy LoopPri ee C6364 Hy Tuo Non- fucks ng Loop ; Morro et. os, Agen g Tat nor hike Aeop A Crbraln ~ foupa # foo a a i Pio = -G2€sdo a eat a ae ie Gombinoson@ — hoop 3 & Loop = ee ee ae Phe - = CalsCene yy : = 4 ee Loops Loop 5 Colulotion J A and Ax Dz 1— (Pat Part Part Part Psi)4 (Plat Ba) Sik (Cotati - Hea — Col gGyia + G5 —G2GcHs) 4 4 (-Sresto- CoGe6ote) = pases ih Gao + Co3G ys -Gs4 EaWEN BAe (<2) z 4 e Pi Dit P2 Ar A T 2 Gibohadalr+ Gihoke(I- &s) 1 # Gs CgHit Hol2 4Col3G4 Ha-Cs- lames 462063 —ColsGg H3 Dy The signal low gah fox fucback conhol syplere Dis given. Petusrire Cl) Bo mee Sc a \ By 3) os! a Peet Cs ; ! a y ee 79 Bei oA 4) fz oad a. a. Led the fora! palh gar ee an diet aie bs ae a Py Cibola 4violual Loop seal - ave four Incliei ual Loops: Lt tha oop gan Cae Pan Pate Par. Loop @ mer, Lop O,, ew ce 3 4 i.) lo | Py = GaH) Pay Gate P3re Gy ls Pare GG HH a oe Two Non- forching loops Wise es only one worm. foop: Let hs ges Be Pir Bahinaln- pos @® Ainaher g Livo porrbucy 2 5 ft 2 ig: a s K / aw Pro = Gaby Hits of, 3 oop | Loop 3 4 Noes Ape ial Pe) CPt Part Part Par) + Piz Ue gs) ie Cos Cote - Coy Ca Se ae (Wo Loop 9. col eae ! : aA , (he Loop » eh4 Ly b2bbs °C) CobaGuhs |- GHi- Gaba - G43 ~ CgHaHst Co Cumy, Ohler ha Comics the Sign flow geph sAown op tenner functor 18) by une of Manor forma aie ome" med a pt oP Forward patt ae Ke. bt the forwud path gaen : bP, ard Po | Fonvord path ga» O if ou Go 0 b, . A ' ° : eC a io > G02 bz by | Fo esarol por a2— GoM, os 2Hy Pay 2 = C203 6y Me Papo -AsG¢He Two Non-touchng leop - The wv only one Pt ci fio ron" bucks Lop) TL) fhe gees be Pr Combinakon ~ /oxp, @,, 2@ lee = Piar GrlsbatiHe Lave He WW, Caledtoation Jd) Aad Ap QB. I= (Pat Part Part Pir 1H (- Gath = bib obaGala - CsGy He) + Galstam =! CoH+ GiOralyH» + GcGutls + G2GrGchane | © (ho loop not oe it fod( 14am) aa | 4G ay AGil2 63 bus t Osa Ha tas Cutt,Shifting sumrrurg pe” Aefose the block an blok R AE ie ECA) — eae x Tee eae | Than shih a) | ria |____ coe When the samme | Me Then é Shp3. Comby ning Tha Summess wee | eee]| 6 1663- (63-63) | L | | +Gr(e3- Pe GilGs-Go5 (i+GyH10) ee 146) (63-G2) 4) He = (61G3— Gaer) (14 Gy M2) See 14 GiGsth rhe G1 Oo Hy Ho : GibsH, i = Gib Hy WhoOlu bron fran po eee Lol th. forward pak gous he Py Po , Ps ard Py-He per 4 Seine =) Gotti Ha Pare GG tHe oe Toxo /Non- tou hg Loops ; Thixe 3 pro? foo pone bau chip Hops W (alulaton 9 A and 4x Peep (ft — GGo2thHe a) Gilg hte a pol Luck st deol p af) Pe = =) (Ne op * ‘ f Tp achip3 044 02 Pale Peep. (9 Oe! (No Loop 6 re DV. Transfer Archon ph 2 pe 2 peAp (4) 4 Lol 6a} 22) | as | 7 pe ple fae. tal = 13 [ fe J | t jae os Canadirg blocks ; 2-2Hols a) Ju ] | eae Gs) ‘faaic pause GL Gd Cs0, | ch) ewer | ae M4 GsHy | ae | oe PFs bled, ard Ebirsrahon J fis/eip 6162651! 2 + O3Hy a ae Hage G ny (Rens at1G) G3H 2 _ so I+ G3Hy + G203hi ( + Holt aGi) gl roden ID) eos aes ~ KG pr \ Ke; Lad the Gear be fy ee gt). Gece Be Dnd-nicluas Loops: 4 has ave ves adi duos Lo fs ~ Lot the . gue bo Pu, Par Pi.Norbouchrg /ogps No Loops axe non touching Pee A and 4 Az 1-CPi+ Part Pr) SL = (= bl nly Hy Hp Hy — C203 M1 ~ G3 Hit EAN | F-O1Gs Ca HH Hg + Cola, t C3HiM ' Ale f= o- ) hi ce ( No Loops are nok ~ lauckye ar a The BI forvaso! pats) vi Toarsfer furcten pe 2 Pk Ch) ee - PAs A Cibo Gs PA GiG2Gall Hos + G20aHy Coe 7 Gots | 14 Coutht Go Gb (1 + Hp H36y) ee ‘es io: ae 3 1The wren Wacrca (he (oven eyed eee Tre i ela ef, ssivad vale, F Oven erakgre /. Ue. ae of hackwall one ae Oe oe , LF provicles fecthack Q Over Lemperaliire Gs onkrelling relay, Y o hital try uiatar Te Boloes dsised Lorpuatire by OMe igi) - f wgia (hy fo boyy) a fires URen Oven votive execs doris voluo o c ; Voltoge- Regulate System - “On ae! : a2 eee | Ref + re Regulated | voltage = L Fs Is | | Ze, nee, Cie Pane sed Ag voltage Re ee 97 Opel Laeee. CUCU .* Vo, es) - Whe unregulated ag ip emmnal 16 connchd by souwe eng 4LHONA vge aod olp gt i obbaired ea oo sequlated a/p vye fervral’ mavisvusa> 7”? semirtor prods (RAR 3 fl lafosmaken obout ac ye SONIM olp vae- Sey ee ho ad gp-ampa t We SNOIVL Qn cwonkvlles - comp ates too A ASOTIONHDAL/P vollages and woribeh Ths amet wimut Pamcg thro pans shor wn Hy "Pp GP .ee Ces " . iar Be ay Vot tes, Bef HOES Ve Mr. fs ne Labang Laplo hhanfom Ra ne Raye ete) hLLo) NESS 3s aa 2 ‘ : ol.s)= hon! Pla | las ) yo cavers) feo) oY? me ee oS vis) = CS Voly [RESEA aa yee SRE Bs) I vi eae () ) +92E¢+8RE TF =we) Voit Rie) Loplew ae . Miao) 1 Tile Ra cS To eRe Silly) = Pi) o My Hes) a Rte Vis) a0 [ = Vo {s) oh one 5 Vib) = Vol) i Se ra scr Vols) R TAS! Pen 2 ‘ yi oo he eae 1+ sk sR¢ > ae Rit + ci ((n- nydt —O . Pei(Ga- a 0 @ Piso Vo = sf tat my On faking Laple Karel orm ie Aphis) Ft 1 [t)- Betsy] we GS 18 ile y me Ry 1)) 7 hfe) al ese Cis ie i Sp GS) Veins Lots) E@ Sx om ga S) aL ay) + Rot | Toi) oes, S02 (aaa ot [ty cals, Scr Bits) Soli aha“ Ft) ri acc ' Vitis stps) |e: CR Scrn) (S*Retrce $8012) CUe Ce “hom apn) Lo (se) 6p Vals) Vile whe Vols) ee (S°RoGC2 4 504 SG) - Sta Vo) = fo oe) Wb) rser) (Secvatorte)=G] Tt Carcanticeneger eleDegeneda! Anahy2 eali- Pe a d (Vio) ~O ae Ry at (oe we jaa me a a On fakog Laples Trarforer GSC ViVi) = Vib) Flos (vir Vrs) “Rr -@ Heer VO) tI so -@ Rz Tam eqn G) May 7 “ ORS R2 SC Vals) ¢ =z Sea yy? ji WG: ed eS Go»ah ae f at tscssc a GRe Ri a Bis) ; Vols) we See) No & va ; ben) R1 SRiRLCr Vel? - Vols) (‘= sate it REO) 8] a2 SC): vils) Vol) — GD) Vie SPiRAG CikniRe Ge, = Vals) OG Rugs. eet ‘g tect eie = o Se i, : vil) parted seocz)(1 *RoC2) ~$ RierC2 ofE by uk An ays eet he Cin) =O al PE; (antl C(Cia-db+ ats sty Oo Waits 1 finat + "Re —@ C On faking Jeplacs faa) 97m Vii)- RI) +2-8(M)-hy) —©O L8(Pols)- Zu) t+ [Bis] + RoTils)- 0 cs Vols)= Tyey4 Ro Be as a a) ue) [ a il = Dib (st)gen 25? Vols)- a, ae vils)- Hiss Vel Re pus Rue vib) Vols) Re a= sl Vols) $¢ jepson oR2ct! Vols) $C Senet or2ct! s) Je s eS L / G ff past) ti) | J) SL ‘GE ec) es al ee rad a RiRo+ SRL + Ri 48Ral | |: ba Ppplyieg Nodal rtaolyss at ro Vi- Vx FoF f(y Avydr — ¢) dvx 4 Vx - No Bi Ebi ae Rx i AL Nock @ eae, = ees fe dv2 - 0 -® ae or - Laplace Lranifoom (vil) ’wa)) > Cr Vat t Vel, praises, ty} osetia ifis i oS) > Ba. 4G] = a errr Sib Vals) 0 egn @ st ay 1 ee ay 2; Ry Sti za) Ay, vas Ne 4 Be dee SRL RD ee Re = Vals¥ (its Rl2)(semlictoeesee, +RiRo -Ha beanyex fumchon 219. Psuore Ta beck omg ) ; corn tant q The eaten wo kb vol |rrslea ie ae ee >l cof me) J uoNigh . er NOR Els): (RFLS) Pt Kb srs) DI Nea His) — Kos xls) XO : Rils piven: hore 07 selnerd a Gunent wilh Prqrotersly Corstant ky fla "Cb) { Cb a Ge) Taking Laplace Fal) 2 ah) meee) ie K5s Xi(s) R418on ew o fell) Mad X24 By, SH2 4 Kyte es at Takuig Laplace Fels) > Maio? ¥2ls)4 Bos Y2ls) 1k2 24) tC Cee ie Woplacemenh i. 7 Pe ype te al c aN a Fromm thes mee XD dy sie Takog Laplas 1D) ety) ® “g ow MU) = Xp (5) ole sale~ Fatsy- (Mis (Riles) ing moment ap paint b! on She pret Fait sBets) Fals\= Fe(s) bo Ly Sus 1 Foy) from gn® | Fals): (Mast t eee te —_& | Oub@ TD) 4 BLE) - Kost) ) — (Mass BH bi) (Rt Ls) = (fnsts aes Ao) Dup ar ©yAscriis) . KE) ( RtLs) Be Ei (tac ered €bs) <<. oe [rss Wy 4 ors's frs)i( e419) + (os? 4 BostkK\h (Rug) 213) - ae Rr fi Lo &) EEE EE Roki L, 24 (MS4BS (pits) 4 (54 Bosse (Prt) Problin Gn [Dechanca/ footie! 318 Ge Thay eK . ) LL Ne a te above ou havea) ty lim si pe afer —— relating Org lax a plead applied Tope « FrroltheTht): 7 d26 Leos are Tokirg Loplow Tits) = (J+ As tK) 6) lonrich ming eee basin Se Ne + KO asMya M Jott Bs ® Pena. St is fe clase from ow part sytem b anotter throug like gus tran Leb wo corndin gear bear vith Wn, 00 dp fiat in freee and ‘Ny! no 9 feath b Second geas,)) @ [he ip fosgus on fin! ger O angular Liplourert 4g fork pease Ey aachun J fio! jew Sjerslooly 725 OQ and Fp fr second qu Raber. No 4 Gath radu J ad PING ar oN 2 Tous ia ce IN = de) DNs ett, Oo) ; eT Rube. Dibns Psi. va 6 gualee les ee IN) a Oy N32 cae oO;| | | Mtns0B | F1b signal |e He { Aq: Prdomnahe Confrol le