Indoor Wiring Solutions Guide
CCA Solutions
Copper-Clad Aluminum (CCA)
Copper- Clad Aluminum (CCA)
Indoor Wiring Solutions Guide
The electrical wiring industry does not change overnight. It
evolves slowly over time. Technologies are developed and
must prove their value, sometimes over decades, before they
are accepted and ultimately embraced. Therefore, the question
is not if copper-clad aluminum will become the preferred
material for power handling and grounding applications, but
how soon?
Even with the larger gauge
size, copper-clad aluminum
costs approximately 20%
less and weighs 63% less
than solid copper
without any loss in electrical
Rethinking Solid Copper
For more than a century, solid copper has been the de facto
choice for virtually all indoor wiring applications. While insulation
and connectorization have continued to evolve, the use of solid
copper as a conductor has not changed since Thomas Edison first
demonstrated his electric wiring system in 1879. Then, as now,
solid copper wire was valued for its conductivity and low resistance.
performance.
The trade off with solid copper is price. It is among the most
widely used metals on earth and the only one commonly used as
a conductor. As a finite resource that is in high demand, copper
commands a premium price, three to four times that of aluminum.
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Copper-Clad Aluminum
Maximizing Performance - Minimizing Cost
Copper-clad aluminum (CCA) takes advantage of the
better use of the worlds finite amount of copper. CCA
CCA has all of the advantages
but none of the issues of solid
aluminum.
is produced by metalurgically bonding a thin layer of
Todays copper-clad aluminum should not be
pure copper onto an aluminum core. While drawn CCA
confused with the solid aluminum wiring that was
contains only ten to fifteen percent copper by volume,
briefly tried in the 1970s as a low-cost, lightweight
environmental properties of copper while enabling
the industry to realize greater cost savings and make
it delivers virtually the same AC conductivity and only
slightly higher electrical resistance than solid copper. In
addition, CCA is 63% lighter and, making it easier to
handle and minimizing the investment required in cable
support systems. Increasing the size of CCA two AWG
delivers the same electrical resistance and mechanical
substitute for solid copper conductors. The solid
aluminum had two inherent problems that led to its
use being discontinued for most wiring applications.
Firstly, because the vast majority of connectors and
termination points in indoor wiring are copperbased, aluminum wiring is susceptible to Galvanic
corrosion at the connection points. Secondly, solid
properties as copper at a lower weight and lower cost
aluminum exhibits a relatively high rate of cold
per linear foot.
flow or creep. When connected under compression, the connections tend to loosen over time. Both
Based on its excellent electrical performance and
ease of handling, copper-clad aluminum is allowed
under NEC article 310, if listed and tested in
accordance with UL 83, as a suitable replacement
for solid copper in indoor power conduction and
grounding applications. Because of the slightly higher
Galvanic corrosion and cold flow can lead difficult to find intermittent connections. Copper-clad
aluminum conductors, however, has neither of these
problems.
The copper cladding ensures all connections and
termination points are copper-to-copper, thereby
eliminating any possibility of Galvanic corrosion.
resistance, the NEC requires using CCA wire that is
The copper skin on CCA wire also prevents any
two gauge sizes larger than what would normally be
cold flow issues, as copper does not creep. When
used with solid copper. Even with the larger gauge
used for indoor power handling and grounding,
size, copper-clad aluminum costs approximately 20
percent less and weighs 63% less than solid copper
without any real loss in electrical performance.
copper-clad aluminum provides all the cost and
handling advantages of pure aluminum while
delivering all the safety and electrical performance
of solid copper.
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Proven Value Since 1971
in recent times
The first uses of copper-clad aluminum date to the 1970s when it helped fuel the
the price of copper
growth of the cable television (CATV) industry. Prized for its conductivity, light
has jumped. While
weight and low cost, CCA quickly became the material of choice for coaxial
global construction
cable. Today, CCA continues to be a primary component of CATV distribution
cables.
has certainly increased
as well, it has not
Additionally, CCA is widely used for voice coils in headphones and portable
risen as fast as
loudspeakers, mobile coils and high frequency RF antennas. Most recently,
copper prices.
copper-clad aluminum is, in some cases, replacing solid copper as the new,
lower cost standard for indoor power handling and grounding applications.
THHN for Indoor Applications
For indoor power handling and grounding applications, CCA is an ideal and cost-efficient substitute for solid copper. Excellent conductivity and low weight-to-volume ratio make it especially suited for power handling installations
involving long runs. Other benefits of using CCA wire for power handling and grounding include:
- Direct connectivity with solid copper wire
- Thermal expansion equal to solid copper
- Solder connection equal to solid Copper
- Compatible with all twist-on connectors and wire nuts
CommScopes Copper-clad aluminum products are now available in UL-approved THHN (Thermoplastic High
Heat-resistant PVC/Nylon-coated) 600 volt applications, meeting NEC code. These provide lower cost alternatives to solid copper for dry and damp applications and those requiring flame retardant and high heat (up to 90
degrees Celsius) protection.
Electrical and Physical Properties
Comparable AWG Sizes
CCA
Conductivity
#0
#2
Resistance
2.82x10 -8 1.68x10 -8
#2
#4
Weight per linear ft.
54
100
#4
#6
Tensile Strength
50000
50000
#6
#8
CCA
Solid Copper
Conductivity just inverse of resistance, not necessary
Resistance in ohm-meter
Weight is in lbs for same conductivity (aluminum 2 gauges larger than copper)
Tensile strength in lbs for same conductivity (aluminum 2 gauges larger than copper)
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Solid Copper
CCA Drawn Wire and Rods from CommScope
As one of the worlds largest manufacturers of coaxial and HFC (Hybrid Fiber Coax) cable, CommScope is a
leading producer of copper-clad aluminum for the CATV, telecom and OEM markets.
Finished CCA Solutions: Available in stranded or
CCA Rods: CommScope is also a major
solid configurations and a wide range of UL-approved
provider of raw copper-clad aluminum rods
jacket types, our drawn CCA wire is certified for use
to clients who draw their own wire. Rods
in most indoor power handling or grounding applica-
are available in a variety of thicknesses
tions. Our newest copper-clad aluminum THHN wire
and either ten or fifteen percent copper
is a 600 volt, flame retardant product, certified up to
content by volume.
90 degrees C and dry or damp locations. Advanced
cladding and drawing capabilities enable CommScope to maintain strict quality tolerances for all drawn
sizes, including extra fine wire as thin as 44 AWG
(0.00198 inches).
Evolve to Copper-Clad Aluminum
Like any industry, electrical systems evolve as more variables
are introduced. Good solutions inevitably give way to better ones.
The best solutions optimize as many variables as possible.
In todays competitive environment, having power handling
and grounding solutions that maximize electrical performance
alone is not good enough, installation and CAPEX costs
also drive decision making. With copper-clad aluminum
able to deliver the same electrical performance and reliability
as solid copper, 20 percent less CAPEX costs and reduced installation costs, it is time to re-consider. Is solid copper
still the only acceptable solution?
To learn more about the benefits of using copper-clad
aluminum for your indoor power handling and grounding needs,
contact your local CommScope representative or visit
us at www.commscope.com.
For more information, visit commscope.com
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This document is for planning purposes only and is not intended to modify or supplement any specifications or warranties relating to CommScope products or services.
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