This paper investigates the phase composition of high-manganese steels containing 12% Mn and 0.04-1.2% C. Samples were heated and quenched, with some undergoing plastic deformation. Phase diagrams were drawn showing the phase ratios as a function of carbon content for steels in both the quenched and deformed states. The structure of steel containing 0.5% C and 12% Mn is purely austenitic. At lower carbon concentrations, the steel contains α- and ε-phases in addition to the γ-phase. Plastic deformation leads to the formation of α-martensite in alloys with at least 0.7% C and a small amount of
This paper investigates the phase composition of high-manganese steels containing 12% Mn and 0.04-1.2% C. Samples were heated and quenched, with some undergoing plastic deformation. Phase diagrams were drawn showing the phase ratios as a function of carbon content for steels in both the quenched and deformed states. The structure of steel containing 0.5% C and 12% Mn is purely austenitic. At lower carbon concentrations, the steel contains α- and ε-phases in addition to the γ-phase. Plastic deformation leads to the formation of α-martensite in alloys with at least 0.7% C and a small amount of
This paper investigates the phase composition of high-manganese steels containing 12% Mn and 0.04-1.2% C. Samples were heated and quenched, with some undergoing plastic deformation. Phase diagrams were drawn showing the phase ratios as a function of carbon content for steels in both the quenched and deformed states. The structure of steel containing 0.5% C and 12% Mn is purely austenitic. At lower carbon concentrations, the steel contains α- and ε-phases in addition to the γ-phase. Plastic deformation leads to the formation of α-martensite in alloys with at least 0.7% C and a small amount of
This paper investigates the phase composition of high-manganese steels containing 12% Mn and 0.04-1.2% C. Samples were heated and quenched, with some undergoing plastic deformation. Phase diagrams were drawn showing the phase ratios as a function of carbon content for steels in both the quenched and deformed states. The structure of steel containing 0.5% C and 12% Mn is purely austenitic. At lower carbon concentrations, the steel contains α- and ε-phases in addition to the γ-phase. Plastic deformation leads to the formation of α-martensite in alloys with at least 0.7% C and a small amount of
E F F E C T OF C A R B O N ON T H E P H A S E C O M P O S I T I O N OF H I G H - M A N G A N E S E
STEELS*
Translated from Metallovedenie i Termicheskaya Obrabotka Metallov, No. 7,
p. 43, July, 1963
This paper concerns an investigation of the phase composition
of high-manganese steels containing 12% Mn and 0.04-1.2% C.
0 80
The samples were heated at 1100~ for 30 rain and quenched
in water; some of the samples were then subjected to slight plastic deformation.
60
The phase composition was studied by the change in hardness, by dilatometric analysis (transformations occurring as the result of heating recorded with a dilatometer), and by changes in magnetic properties and the microstructure.
gO
I 3 0
--
00 ca.
b)
20
T-
Phase diagrams were drawn. These diagrams show the phase
ratios as a function of the carbon content in steels with 12% Mn: a) in the quenched state; b) in the deformed state. The structure of the quenched steel containing 0.5% C and 12% Mn is purely austenitic. At lower carbon concentrations the steel contains not only the g-phase but also the a - and s-phases. The lower the carbon content the larger the amount of c~-phase of martensitic origin; its amount reaches ahout 70% when the carbon concentration is 0.04%. The s-phase, of martensitic origin, aswell as the intermediate phase, is formed as the result of the ), ~ a transformation; the s-phase has a close-packed hexagonal lattice.
The amount of s - p h a s e depends on the carbon content.
Quenched steel containing 12% Mn and 0.2% C contains the greatest amount of s-phase, plastic deformation'leads to the formation of c~-phase in alloys in which the carbon content is at least 0.7%. In alloys containing 0-0.05%C plastic deformation increases the amount of c~-phase; in alloys containing 0.50.7% C plastic deformation leads to the formation of a small amount of c~-martensite, which is formed from austenire. In steels containing over 0.7%C (Hadfield steel) plastic deformation does not result in the formation of c~-martensite (see phase diagrams a, b). In steels containing 0.7-1.0% C plastic deformation leads to the formation of a small amount of s-martensite. In steels with a lower carbon concentration plastic deformation leads to the formation of a small amount of c~-martensite. In quenched steels with lower carbon concentrations, which contain s - and c~-martensite, plastic deformation decreases the amount of the s-phase. In other words, plastic deformation induces the ~ ~ r c~ transformation. If the steel contains the s - and c~phases then the second step of the transformation develops and the amount of the s-phase decreases. If the initial structure of the steel consists of ),-phase alone then plastic deformation leads only to the first step of the transformation, and the s-phase is formed.
* Imai Iunoshin, Toshio Sato, Journal Japan Institute of Metals, No. 5 (1962). This section is taken from the publication ~Express-Information.-
