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Water Level Sensor

This document describes a liquid level sensor circuit that uses an oscillator, capacitors, and diodes to generate an alternating current between sensor electrodes placed in the liquid. This AC current charges a capacitor when the liquid touches the electrodes, allowing the circuit to detect the liquid level without corrosion affecting the sensor effectiveness over time. It also explains a voltage regulator circuit that uses a transformer, rectifier, capacitor, and voltage regulator IC to provide a stable 12V output from a 230V AC source.

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911 views3 pages

Water Level Sensor

This document describes a liquid level sensor circuit that uses an oscillator, capacitors, and diodes to generate an alternating current between sensor electrodes placed in the liquid. This AC current charges a capacitor when the liquid touches the electrodes, allowing the circuit to detect the liquid level without corrosion affecting the sensor effectiveness over time. It also explains a voltage regulator circuit that uses a transformer, rectifier, capacitor, and voltage regulator IC to provide a stable 12V output from a 230V AC source.

Uploaded by

x-robot
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Liquid level sensor

Most of the sensor placed inside the water cause electrolytic reaction
between liquid and sensor causing loss of effectiveness. One solution to
this problem is to ensure an AC potential rather than DC potential
between the electrodes. The constant reversal of electrode polarity
drastically inhibits the electrolytic process so that corrosion is
considerable reduced and effectiveness doesn’t hampered.
In this liquid level sensor AC is generated by an oscillator by
connecting a capacitor (C1) to the input of IC4093 (a NAND) gate and
proving a feedback through the resistor (R1). This AC current is given to
the capacitor (C4) to charge up through the AC coupled capacitors C2
and C3. Between C2 and C3 two sensor electrodes are placed so that
when the liquid touches the electrode, a conducting path is being created
by the liquid so that C4 can be charged. Two diodes D1 and D2 provide
blockage to discharge capacitor C4. This high input of the charged
capacitor C4 is given to the IC4093 whose output is used to drive the
base of transistor BC557. A relay is connected to ground through
BC557. As the transistor is driven by IC4093 which drive relay in and
the 230 volt ac output of relay is used to drive the motor.

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM OF LIQUID LEVEL SENSOR


VOLTAGE REGULATOR CIRCUIT
A voltage regulator circuit provides a fixed value of voltage for
particular values of circuit components. A 12 volt DC voltage circuit can
be designed by connecting a 230:12 volt transformer, a bridge rectifier
circuit and a capacitor, an IC7812.
The transform gives 12 volt AC output which is rectified by bridge
circuit, a capacitor is used to bypass the AC component and the IC7812
is used to provide constant 12 volt output which is use to drive other
instruments.

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