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Cubic Spline - From Wolfram MathWorld

A cubic spline is a spline constructed of piecewise third-order polynomials which pass through a set of control points. The second derivative of each polynomial is commonly set to zero at the endpoints, which produces a 'natural' cubic spline leading to a simple tridiagonal system to determine the coefficients. Cubic splines are implemented in Wolfram Language as BSplineCurve with a spline degree of 3.

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217 views2 pages

Cubic Spline - From Wolfram MathWorld

A cubic spline is a spline constructed of piecewise third-order polynomials which pass through a set of control points. The second derivative of each polynomial is commonly set to zero at the endpoints, which produces a 'natural' cubic spline leading to a simple tridiagonal system to determine the coefficients. Cubic splines are implemented in Wolfram Language as BSplineCurve with a spline degree of 3.

Uploaded by

Ashutosh Vishwa Bandhu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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4/6/2016

Cubic Spline -- from Wolfram Math


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CubicSpline

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Acubicsplineisasplineconstructedofpiecewisethirdorderpolynomialswhichpassthroughasetof control
points.Thesecondderivativeofeachpolynomialiscommonlysettozeroattheendpoints,sincethisprovidesa
boundaryconditionthatcompletesthesystemof
equations.Thisproducesasocalled"natural"cubicsplineand
leadstoasimpletridiagonalsystemwhichcanbesolvedeasilytogivethecoefficientsofthepolynomials.However,
thischoiceisnottheonlyonepossible,andotherboundaryconditionscanbeusedinstead.

AboutMathWorld

CubicsplinesareimplementedintheWolframLanguageasBSplineCurve[pts,SplineDegree -> 3].

ContributetoMathWorld

Consider1dimensionalsplineforasetof
the thpieceofthesplineberepresentedby

RandomEntry
NewinMathWorld

SendaMessagetotheTeam

points

FaisalWhelpley

.FollowingBartelsetal.(1998,pp.1013),let
(1)

MathWorldBook

where isaparameter

and

,...,

.Then

WolframWebResources

(2)
(3)

13,585entries
Lastupdated:SunApr32016

Created,developed,and
nurturedbyEricWeisstein
atWolframResearch

InteractiveSpline

Takingthederivativeof

ineachintervalthengives
(4)
(5)

Solving(2)(5)for , , ,and thengives


(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
Nowrequirethatthesecondderivativesalsomatchatthepoints,so
(10)
(11)
(12)
(13)
forinteriorpoints,aswellasthattheendpointssatisfy
(14)
(15)
Thisgivesatotalof
equationsforthe
thatthesecondderivativesattheendpointsbezero,so

unknowns.Toobtaintwomoreconditions,require
(16)
(17)

Rearrangingalltheseequations(Bartelsetal.1998,pp.1213)leadstothefollowingbeautifullysymmetrictridiagonal
system

(18)

Ifthecurveisinsteadclosed,thesystembecomes

(19)

SEEALSO:

BzierCurve,Spline,ThinPlateSpline
REFERENCES:
Bartels,R.H.Beatty,J.C.andBarsky,B.A."HermiteandCubicSplineInterpolation."Ch.3inAnIntroductiontoSplinesfor
UseinComputerGraphicsandGeometricModelling.SanFrancisco,CA:MorganKaufmann,pp.917,1998.
Burden,R.L.Faires,J.D.andReynolds,A.C.NumericalAnalysis,6thed.Boston,MA:Brooks/Cole,pp.120121,1997.

4/6/2016

Cubic Spline -- from Wolfram Math

Press,W.H.Flannery,B.P.Teukolsky,S.A.andVetterling,W.T."CubicSplineInterpolation."3.3inNumericalRecipesin
FORTRAN:TheArtofScientificComputing,2nded.Cambridge,England:CambridgeUniversityPress,pp.107110,1992.

ReferencedonWolfram|Alpha:CubicSpline
CITETHISAS:
Weisstein,EricW."CubicSpline."FromMathWorldAWolframWebResource.http://mathworld.wolfram.com/CubicSpline.html

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