DynaSand
Continuous, Upflow, Granular Media Filter
Continuously cleaned sand bed
Low power requirement
Elimination of ancillary backwash equipment
Reduced operator attention
Great performance,
low maintenance
The DynaSand Filter is an upflow, deep bed, granular media filter
The DynaSand Filter is available in various sizes and configurations.
with continuous backwash. The filter media is cleaned by a simple
This flexibility allows for customization to fit specific site and
internal washing system that does not require backwash pumps or
application requirements.
storage tanks. The absence of backwash pumps means low energy
DynaSand Filter Principles of Operation
consumption.
Influent Filtration
The DynaSand Filters deep media bed allows it to handle high
Influent feed is introduced at the top of the filter (A) and flows
levels of suspended solids. This heavy-duty performance may
downward through an annular section (B) between the influent
eliminate the need for pre-sedimentation or flotation steps in the
feed pipe and airlift housing. The feed is introduced into the bottom
treatment process in some applications.
of the sand bed through a series of feed radials (C) that are
open at the bottom. As the influent flows upward (M) through the
downward moving sand bed (D), organic and inorganic impurities
are captured by the sand. The clean, polished filtrate continues to
REJECT
COMPARTMENT
(H)
INFLUENT PIPE (A)
(J) and out through the effluent pipe (E).
REJECT PIPE (L)
TOP OF
AIRLIFT
PIPE (G)
REJECT
WEIR (K)
move upward and exits at the top of the filter over the filtrate weir
FILTRATE
WEIR (J)
Sand Cleaning
The sand bed containing captured impurities is drawn downward
into the center of the filter where the airlift pipe (F) is located. A small
volume of compressed air is introduced at the bottom of the airlift,
SAND
WASHER (I)
drawing the sand into the airlift pipe. The sand is scoured within the
EFFLUENT PIPE (E)
airlift pipe at an intensity of 100-150 SCFM/ft2. The effectiveness of
this scouring process is vastly greater than what can be expected
in conventional sand filtration backwash. The scouring dislodges
UPWARD
FLOWING
FILTRATE (M)
AIRLIFT
HOUSING (N)
any solid particles attached to the sand grains.
DOWNWARD
MOVING
SAND BED (D)
The dirty slurry is pushed to the top of the airlift (G) and into the
reject compartment (H). From the reject compartment, the sand
falls into the sand washer (I) and the lighter reject solids are carried
over the reject weir (K) and out the reject pipe (L). As the sand
FEED
RADIALS (C)
INFLUENT
ANNULARS (B)
cascades down through the concentric stages of the washer, it
encounters a small amount of polished filtrate moving upward,
driven by the difference in water level between the filtrate pool and
the reject weir. The heavier, coarser sand grains fall through this
small countercurrent flow while the remaining contaminants are
BOTTOM
OF AIRLIFT
PIPE (F)
carried back up to the reject compartment. The clean, recycled
sand is deposited on the top of the sand bed where it once again
begins the influent cleaning process and its eventual migration to
the bottom of the filter.
DynaSand Filter Configurations
Features
The DynaSand Filter is available as either stand alone package
Continuously cleaned sand bed
units or in a modular concrete design. The package units are
No underdrains or screens
constructed of either 304 SST or FRP. Materials of construction
Sand washed with filtrate
for the internal components of both package and concrete units
No level control
are SST and/or FRP. Filters are available in 40 standard bed or
Internal, vertical airlift
80 deep-bed design depending on the nature of the application.
Low power requirements
Concrete modules are frequently used for high flow capacity
systems by placing multiple modules into a common filter cell. The
Benefits
modules in a filter cell share a common filter bed where cones
No shutdown for backwash cycles
at the bottom of each module distribute sand to their respective
Elimination of ancillary backwash equipment
airlifts and sand washers. A concrete DynaSand installation can
No flow control valves, splitter boxes, or backwash controls
be designed for any size filter area. This enables the technology to
No short-circuiting
be applied to any size water or wastewater treatment plant. Since
Optimum sand-washing efficiency
all filter beds are being continuously cleaned, the pressure drop
remains low and even throughout all the filters. Equal pressure drop
Superior filtrate quality
ensures even distribution of feed to each filter without the need
Reduces operator attention
for splitter boxes or flow controls. Therefore, a typical multiple unit
Minimizes overall pressure-drop
installation can use a common header pipe with feed connections
Reduces potential for pluggage
and isolation valves for each filter.
Significantly reduces wear/maintenance
Can be easily maintained without filter shutdown
INFLUENT
OR FEED
CHANNEL
Up to 70% less compressed air vs. other self-cleaning filters
EFFLUENT
OR FILTRATE
WEIR
CONTROL
PANEL
EFFLUENT
OR FILTRATE
CHANNEL
INFLUENT
FEED
MANIFOLD
FEED
ASSEMBLY
SAND BED
CONTINUOUSLY
MOVING
DOWNWARD
TO BASE
OF AIRLIFT
FEED
RADIALS
AIRLIFT
PUMP
HOUSING
DynaSand Filter above ground
package units
DIRTY
REJECT
EXITING
SYSTEM
AIR SUPPLY
CHAMBER
DIRTY SAND
ENTERING
BASE OF
AIRLIFT PUMP
AIR
SUPPLY
LINES
DRAIN
MANIFOLD
(IF REQUIRED)
NO PLENUM
(THIS VOLUME
IS CONCRETEFILLED)
DynaSand Filter modules in
concrete basin
DynaSand
Continuous, Upflow,
Granular Media Filter
Effluent
Raw water
Lamella Gravity
Settler Inclined
Plate Settler
(optional)
DynaSand Filter Applications
Tertiary filtration
Algae removal
Potable water (turbidity and color)
Inline mixer
Rejects
Oil removal
Process water
Carbon
Coagulants
Brine filtration
Sludge waste
Metal finishing
Cooling tower blowdown
Effluent recirculation
Steel mill scale
Chemical processing
Analyzer
Phosphorus removal
SCADA control system
Product recovery
DynaSand Continuous Contact Filtration Process
Denitrification
Water and wastewater treatment in conventional plants
Cryptosporidium and Giardia removal
typically involves flocculation, clarification and filtration. Direct
Surface water
filtration eliminates clarification but still requires flocculation.
Ground water
The DynaSand Filter utilizes a proprietary process known
Arsenic removal
as Continuous Contact Filtration. The DynaSand Filters 80
Effluent reuse
media bed depth provides greater hydraulic residence times
and more opportunity for floc formation and attachment.
Thus, coagulation, flocculation and separation can be
performed within the sand bed, eliminating the need for
Typical Data
external flocculators and clarifiers. Equipment savings can be
Loading Rate
(gpm/ft2)
Influent
Solids
Filtrate
Solids
substantial, up to 85% compared to conventional treatment and
Tertiary Filtration
3-5
20-50 ppm SS
5-10 ppm SS
50% compared to direct filtration. The DynaSand Continuous
Potable Water Turbidity
4-5
10-30 NTU
0.1-0.5 NTU
Contact Filtration process is better suited to remove small floc,
Potable Water Color
4-5
10120 PCU
1-5 PCU
which can help reduce chemical requirements by 20-30% over
Process Water
10-30 NTU
0.1-0.5 NTU
conventional treatment.
Metal Finishing
4-6
20-50 ppm SS
2-5 ppm SS
Steel Mill Scale
8-10
50-300 ppm SS
5-10 ppm SS
Applications
Phosphorus Removal
3-5
<1 ppm Total P
<0.1 ppm Total P
The DynaSand Filter is currently providing exceptional
Algae Removal
2-4
100 ppm SS
10-20 ppm SS
treatment in over 8,000 installations worldwide in a wide
Denitrification
3-4
10-15 ppm TN
<3 ppm TN
variety of applications.
Oil Removal
2-6
<50 ppm O&G
5-10 ppm O&G
Fort Lauderdale
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Chicago
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Montreal
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Dubai
