An EPP Analysis of Pasig River
(GROUP 5) IBARRA, KINTANAR, PEREN, SEE, VINUYA
Ecological Factors
Length: 19 km
Upstream: West of Laguna de Bay
Downstream: East of Manila Bay
Coverage: Manila, Mandaluyong,
Makati, Pasig, and Taytay, Rizal
Ecosystem Type: River and Tidal Estuary
Tributaries: 4 major & 43 minor
Sub-basins: 6
Esteros: 19 (these creeks directly discharge
into the river)
Societal Factors
Post-WW2
Restoration
Urbanization of
Metro Manila
Rapid
industrialization
Influx of population
Lack of regulations
and monitoring
regarding river use
Individual Factors
Lack of knowledge about river preservation
Belief that it is acceptable to exploit the Pasig River for human needs
(food, water) and activities (cleaning, excreting waste)
Lack of socio-economic opportunities elsewhere (space to live, jobs)
Belief that river management is governments liability
Infrastructure
Ferry service
(Manila <-> Pasig)
Housing of informal
settlers
Bridges that
connect cities
Factories that dump
their waste to the river
Action
Informal
settlement
area
Untamed
urban
jungle
Conversion of
Pasig River into
the following
Sewage
Industrial
effluents
depot
Backyard
garbage
bin
Intake/Output
Waste disposal in Pasig River
River flow diversion
Manggahan Floodway
River dredging
Increase in river pollution and
contamination of Pasig River
Physical change to the river
Change
Increase of harmful substances in
water
Increase in pollution
Decrease of dissolved oxygen in the
river
Decrease in marine life
Ecological Impacts
Increase in harmful bacteria
Bacteria (ex. Ecoli)
Viruses
Protozoa
Fish kill
due to lack of dissolved oxygen in the
water
Overall damage to water quality in the
Pasig River
Polluting of other bodies of water, Laguna
de Bay
Societal Impact
Increase of harmful substances in water
detrimental to health when consumed
cannot be used for cleaning
breeding place of disease-carrying organisms (e.g.
dengue mosquitoes)
High water level due to accumulation of soil and climate
change
weakens the foundation of houses built right
beside the river
Lack of dissolved oxygen in the river
absence of food source which contributes to
hunger issues
Heavily polluted water
caused air pollution due to different chemicals
from wastes
increased temperature that results to worse
living conditions for the residents nearby
Problem
Social
Issues
Political
Issues
Exposure to
disease
Complacency
of law-breaking
citizens
Flooding
Lack of
discipline (i.e.
into the river)
Economic
Issues
Inability to
produce
marketable
goods
Target
Pasig River Environmental
Management and
Rehabilitation Sector
Development Program
improved environmental management of
the Pasig River basin within Metro
Manila particularly for wastewater
management
promotion of urban regeneration and
renewal in the vicinity of the Pasig River
Bring back water quality
Kapit Bisig para sa Ilog Pasig
Relocation
Measure
Pasig River Environmental Management
and Rehabilitation Sector Development
Program
total BOD or Biological Oxygen
Demand should be less than its
maximum assimilative capacity
Number of families benefitting from
the infrastructure changes
Kapit Bisig para sa Ilog Pasig
Physio-chemical, Heavy Metals,
Bacteriological
Number of families relocated
