HE 614 River Engineering and Sediment Transport
ANSWER
1. A wide open channel has a water depth of h = 3 m, mean current velocity u = 2.0 m/s, and mean
bed slope = 4 x 10-4. The bed material characteristics are d50 = 350 m, d90 = 1000 m, sediment
density s = 2650 kg/m3, fluid density = 1000 kg/m3, fluid temperature Te = 20oC ( = 1 x 10-6 m2/s).
What are the type of bed forms and the bed form dimensions according to the method of Van Rijn?
Given
h=3m
mean bed slope = 4 x 10-4
d50 = 350 m
u = 2.0 m/s Te = 20oC ( = 1 x 10-6 m2/s)
Wanted
s = 2650 kg/m3
d90 = 1000 m = 1000 kg/m3
A. What are the type of bed forms and
B. The bed form dimensions according to the method of Van Rijn?
Solution
According to Van Rijin method
A. Bed form type
-b,c = g(/ )2
= 18log (12h/3d90)
=18*log (12*3/(3*1000*10-6))
= 73.43m1/2/s
= 1000*9.81*(2/73.43)2
= 7.28N/m 2
b,cr = 0.21N/m2 (from shields curve)
T = (-b,c - b,cr)/b,cr = (7.28-0.21)/ 0.21
= 33.67
D* = d50 ((s-1)g/v2)1/3
= 350*10-6 ((2.65-1)9.81/10-12)1/3
=8.85
Fr= / (gh)0.5
=2/(9.81*3)0.5
=0.37
According to Van Rijin method bed form type is function of (T, D*) or
BF type = F (T, D*)
= F (33.67, 8.85) this belongs between T25, Fr<0.8 this indicates the
bed form is
Symmetrical sand waves in the (subcritical) upper transport regime.
B. Bed form dimensions
d
=7.3h = 7.3*3 =21.9m
sw =0.15h(1-Fr2)(1- -0.5(T-15)) =0.15*3(1-0.372)(1- -0.5(33.67-15)) =0.39m
sw =10h =10*3m
=30m
3.
A wide channel has a water depth of h = 3 m. The depth averaged velocity is
u = 1 m/s. The
bed material characteristics are d50 = 300 m, d90 = 500 m, the fluid density = 1000 kg/m3, the
sediment density s = 2650 kg/m3. The kinematic viscosity is = 1 x 10-6 m2/s.
What types of bed forms are present?
What are the bed form dimensions?
What is the effective bed roughness?
Given
h=3m
= 1 x 10-6 m2/s
d50 = 300 m
u = 1 m/s
Wanted
s = 2650 kg/m3
d90 = 500 m
= 1000 kg/m3
A. Types of bed forms present, B. Bed form dimensions, C. Effective bed roughness
Solution
A. types of bed forms
= 18log (12h/3d90)
=18*log (12*3/(3*500*10-6)
= 78.84m1/2/s
shields curve)
T = (-b,c - b,cr)/b,cr
= (1.58-0.18)/0.18 = 7.78
=7.6
-b,c = g(/ )2
= 1000*9.81*(1/78.84) 2
= 1.58 N/m 2
b,cr = 0.18 (from
D* = d50 ((s-1)g/v2)1/3
= 300*10 -6((2.65-1)9.81/10-12)1/3
Bed form type = F (T, D*) = F (7.78, 7.6) for 3<T10 and 1D10 therefore this
implies it is Mega ripples and dunes
B. Bed form dimensions
r = 0.02h (1-e-0.1T) (10-T)
= 0.02*3(1-e-0.778)(10-7.78)
r = 0.5h
= 0.5*3
= 0.08m
d = 0.11h (d50/h) 0.3(1-e-0.5T) (25-T)
=0.11*3(300*10-6/3)0.3(1-e-3.89) (25-7.78)
= 0.35m
21.9m
C. Effective bed roughness
=1.5m
d = 7.3h
=7.3*3
=
Ks,c = Ks,c + Ks,r +Ks,d
=3d90 + 20r r (r/ r) +1.1d d (1-e-25 d/ d)
=3*500*10-6 + 20*0.7*0.08(0.08/1.5) + 1.1*0.7*0.35(1-e-25*0.35/21.9)
=0.15m
5.
A wide channel has a water depth of h = 2 m. The water surface slope is I = 2 x 10-4. is
u = 0.7
m/s. The bed material characteristics are d35 = 400 m, d50 = 500 m, d90 = 1000 m. Other
parameters are = 1000 kg/m3, s = 2650 kg/m3. = 1 x 10-6 m2/s.
What is the Chzy-coefficient and the depth averaged velocity according to the methods of
Engelund-Hansen, White et al and Smith-McLean?
Given
I = 2 x 10-4
h=2m
d35 = 400 m d50 = 500 m
u = 0.7 m/s = 1 x 10-6 m2/s
Wanted
s = 2650 kg/m3
d90 = 1000 m = 1000 kg/m3
A. What is the Chzy-coefficient and
B. the depth averaged velocity according to the methods of Engelund-Hansen, White et al
`and Smith-McLean?
Solution
Engelund Hansen method
U*, c = (ghI) = (9.81*2*2*10-4)
1)9.81*500*10
= (U*,c)2/(s-1)gd50= 0.0632/ (1.65-
-6
= 0.063m/s
= 0.48
= 0.06+0.4 2 = 0.06+0.4*0.482
h = (/ )*h
= (0.15/0.48)*2
= 0.15
= 0.63
C = 2.5g0.5 (h/h) 0.5 ln (12h/2.5d50)
= 2.5*9.810.5(0.63/2)0.5ln (12*0.63/2.5*500*10-6)
= 38.49m1/2/s
= C (hI) 0.5
= 38.49(2*2*10-4)0.5
=0.77m/s
White et al method
D* = d35 ((s-1) g/v2)1/3 = 400*10-6((2.65-1)9.81/10-12)1/3
=10.12
n = 1-0.56log (D*) = 1-0.56log (10.12) = 0.44
Ycr = 0.23/ (D*) 0.5 + 0.14 = 0.23/ (10.12)0.5 + 0.14 = 0.21
P = (log D*) 1.7= (log 10.12)1.7
= 1.01
ghI
u*,c =
(9.81*2*2*10-4)
= 0.063m/s
Yfg = u*,c/((s-1)gd35)0.5 = 0.063/((2.65-1)9.81*400*10-6)0.5
= 0.78
Ygr = Ycr/ ( Yfg - Ycr) = 1-0.76(1-e-p)
= 0.21/ (0.78 0.21) = 1-0.76(1-e-1.01)
= 0.505
Determine from the equation of
Ygr = [(u*,c)n / ((s-1)gd35)0.5] [ /5.66log(10h/d35 )]1-n
0.505 = [(0.063)0.44 / ((2.65-1)9.81*400*10-6)0.5] [ /5.66log (10*2/400*10-6)] 1-0.44
= 0.79m/s
C = g0.5 / u*,c
= 9.810.5 *0.77 / 0.063
= 39.3m1/2/s
Smith Mc Lean method
= u*,c
/((s-1)gd50)
cr = b,cr / ((s )gd50)
= 0.0632/((2.65-1)9.81*500*10-6)
b,cr = 0.28 (from shields curve)
=0.49
1000)9.81*500*10-6) = 0.035
Ks,c = d50 (1+700( - cr))
= 500*10-6(1+700(0.49 0.035)
=0.16m
C = 18 log (12h /Ks,c)
= 18 log (12*2 /0.16 )
= 39.2m1/2/s
= C (hI) 0.5 =39.2(2*2*10-4)0.5
= 0.78m/s
cr
= 0.28 / ((2650
ASSIGNMENT - TWO
PREPARED BY
Kibrom mekonenn.ID NO RMSc./059/03
Jan, 2011
