Cryostat UV Relief Valve Selection
and Process Flow
G. T. Mulholland
S. J. Wintercorn
8/11/87
ApproveU-.....l:~~~--'-!:~
I otroduct1 00
Thls reDort descnDes tne selectlon of tne rel1ef yalyes for tne
D-Zero cryostats. The selection was Dased on the flow requirements
calculated 1n D-Zero englneenng note 3740.214,224-EN-6 under fire
condit ions (1200 of, no vacuum) for the central cryostat; 264 SCFM (see
attached calculations). This yalue was calculated from section 5.3.5 of
Pressure Relief DeYice Standards; S 1.3- Compressed Gas Storage
Containers, puDlished Dy the Compressed Gas Association, Inc.
Selection
The choice is made from the Anderson Greenwood & Co. 90 series
line of UV, pilot operated, pop operation valves. Val yes of this type are
in wide and demanding use in industry and at the laboratory; the nitrogen
reliQuefaction facility (NRL), for example.
There have been some
reservations with the old fixed nozzle aluminum internals design (@NRL)
in extreme and unusual service. Stainless steel internals will be chosen
here to avoid these shortcomings.
The low pressure choices are types 93, 93T or 95. Of these only
the 931 is recommended for operation below -260 OF, and to -320 OF. The
one atmosphere equilibrium temperature of liquid argon is -302.6 OF
(87 .3K).
Flow Capacity of the 93T
The flow capacity at 110% MAWP in the selected 2X3- 931,
aluminum body, stainless steel trim Yalye with a 13 psig relief set
pressure is subsonic.
The subsonic fl ow, calculated f or a fl ow
temperature of -302.6 OF , and worst case 2 psi inlet drop and 2 psi outl et
backpr essure is 1395 SCFM (See the attached r el ati onships &
ca I cuI at ions).
Conclusions
The flo w calculated above is far great er than the required fire
condition flow capacity of 264 SCFM. The improbable 70 OF flow
temperature value of 738 SCFM is still much greater than the required fi r e
capacity. The flow capacity of the paralleled supplemental! r upture disc
is 2640 SCFM, independently greater than than the fire condition flo w
reQui rement.
1. Supplemental os in the ASHE disc application definition .
sizing
PILOT OPERATED
RELIEF VALVES
P,
w..YESIlE
N.T x 0UT1.ET
FLANGE SIZE
rx7
..,.x~
,-xfr
8"'x8"
8" )( 10"
10" x 12'
12' x 18"'
. .
0RFICe NfEA(8Q,. ...)
TYPE""
'TYPE..-r
~.
2.92
6.24
10.33
22.22
39.57
56 .75
89.87
2.29
5.16
8.74
1956
36.40
51 .00
84.00
2.92
6.25
10.32
22.15
N/A
N/A
N/A
Before sizing a valve, pressure at the inlet of the valve (P ,) must be evaluated under flowing conditions, with any piping pressure
losses due to the upstream piping configuration taken into consideration. Pressure at the outlet (P 2) must also be determined, tak
ing into account any discharge header piping losses due to built-up or superimposed backpressure .
A pressure drop occurs between nozzle exit (P 2 ') and valve outlet (P 2) due to body geometry. This pressure is unique for each
type of valve and because of it, P/ is greater than P2 Subcritical flow (sub-sonic) depends on pressure drop across the nozzle
(P,-P 2 ' ), therefore, P 2 ' mustbe determined for applications where set pressure is 15 psig or less. Formulas to determine P2 '/P,
are given for Types 93/93T and 91 /94/95 valve designs.
For vacuum sizing, P 2 ' = P 2 , with P 2 on the inlet (small) flange and P, on the outlet (large) flange. Flow is reversed . See capacity
charts for K.,.
method 1 (15 psig and below)
Low Pressure Flow: Use for set pressures 15 psig or less or for set pressures above 15 psig where flow becomes sub-sonic due
to subcritical pressure drop across valve.' (See Figure 1.)
Sub-Sonic Flow Formulas:
Vv'MTZ
(1) Flow in SCFM
= <t645 ~PIF'
A=
wv'lZ
735 K.sP,F' v'if
PI - O.S5(P t - P,)D
P;
Pt
..".
PI
PI - O.62(PI- Pz)''''
911941i5
PI
p,;
p.
~ , - (~)!t! 1
(~(p:)
p'T
F' =
(2)- Row In LbII1iour
(3)- 0I""to~2
(4)
.'
or NJfer to Ag. 2
(5) or reIar to Fig. 3
"When set pressure is greater \han 15 psig but sub-sonic, use K (ASME) in formulas (1) and (2) and use P z in lieu of P 2 ' in Formula (5).
P,
19
sIzing
~----------------------------------------------------------------~
,nethod 2 (above 15 psig)
High Pressure Flow : Use for set pressure above 15 psig (see Fig. 1). If backpressure during flow results in P2 ratio greater than
critical ratio PCI' use Method 1.
P,
P,
A=
Vv'MTZ
6.32CKP 1
(6)
Flow in SCFM
wv'TZ
CKP 1 v'M'
(7)
Flow in LbsIHour
Pa =
PI
(2-) k~1
(8)
k-t-,
Supplemental Formulas and Conversions
To convert flow from volumetric to weight flow or vice versa (flow in SCFM and Lbs/hour) .
M
W=V6.32
(9)
v=
W 6.32
M
(10)
definition of sizing terms
Required orifice area in sq . in.
Gas Constant and is based on k. If unknown use C = 315. Table 1 shows representative values.
F'
Factor based upon ratio of specific heats and pressure drop across valve nozzle. Use Formula (5) or Fig. (3) for solution .
c"Jc" the specific heat ratio of the flowing vapor or gas. If unknown use k =
1.0 (or 1.001 where solution would otherwise be
indeterminate). Table 1 shows representative values.
K.,
Actual average measured nozzle coefficient. Use 0.939 for 93/93T, 0.855 for 91 /94 and 0.947 for 95 valves, pressure relief.
Use 0 .75, all valves, vacuum relief .
Certified nozzle coefficient (certified by the National Board of Boiler and Pressure Vessel Inspectors and equal to 0.9 x 1<.,).
Use 0.845 for Type 93/93T, 0.770 for Type 91 /94 and 0.852 for Type 95 valves.
Molecular weight of flowing vapor or gas. Refer to Table 1 for list of molecular weights of typical vapors and gases.
Set pressure in psig (pounds per sq. in. gauge) .
P,
Flowing inlet pressure in psia (absolute) and is equal to set pressure (P) plus overpressure plus 14.7 (minus inlet loss in psi
if considered) .
P2
Flowing outlet pressure in psia (absolute) and is equal to valve outlet pressure (under flowing conditions) plus 14 .7.
P z'
Flowing pressure in pSia (absolute) at valve nozzle exit. See Formulas (3) and (4) or Fig. 2 for solution of Pz'/P,.
PCI'
Critical pressure, psia . See Formula (8) or Table 1 for value of PCI'/P,.
Required capacity in Nih or Ibsih (pounds per hour) .
Required capacity in scfm (standard fP per minute, sea level conditions, 14.7 psia, SOOF).
Flowing temperature in degrees Rankin (OR) and equal to OF + 460.
Compressibility factor for the deviations of the actual gas from a perfect gas. If unknown, use Z = 1.
Noell:
FormlAM IhIMn ..., uuDIe only wiIt1 uniIa 01 !low. ~, WId ~ Ihown. oe. uniIa 01 ~ ITIUII be finII 00I'IW1IId 10 ~ units lor 1OIution. II sizing '4Iues
lor .-u-. 00I1IIidenIIlIy .cove _ ...... , ~ Ioc8I belOIMIric: pr..ure exprw..cI in _ in ~ 0/'4.71*L
type93T
.nain valve construction
TEFLON DIAPHRAGM, SEAT AND SEALS
REPLACEABLE NOZZLE
FILM TYPE MAIN VALVE SEAT
PRESSURE RANGE 29" Hg VACUUM to 13 PSIG
SIZES 2" to 12"
ORIFICES 2.29 in.2 to 84.0 in.2
type93T
main valve construction
MATERIAL
NO.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
DESCRIPTION
ALUMINUM
STAINLESS STEEL
DIAPHRAGM RETAINER
CAP
SEAT RETAINER
NOZZLE
PRIMARY SEAT
SPRING PIN (1)
GUIDE SPRING
DIPPER TUBE
GUIDE
BODY
SECONDARY SEAT
SEAT PLATE
DIAPHRAGM
TOP PLATE
PILOT VALVE
SEALS
NUTS/BOLTSITUBING
AL6061-T6
AL6061-T6
AL6061-T6
316 S.S.
TEFLON
302S.S.
316 S.S.
17-4 S.S.
AL6061-T6
AL B26 SG70A-T6
TEFLON
AL 6061-T651
TEFLON
AL 6061-T651
AL
TEFLON
18-8 S.S.
316 S.S.
316 S.S.
304 S.S.
316 S.S.
TEFLON
302 S.S.
316 S.S.
17-4 S.S.
316 S.S.
S.S. A351-CF8M
TEFLON
304 S.S.
TEFLON
303S.S.
S.S.
TEFLON
18-8 S.S.
(1) Use on 6" and larger sizes.
valve selection
r-'--------------------------------------------------------------~
~@][!][QJ@][Q]~~~
VALVE TYPE (93, 93T. 91,
94, 95 or 96)
L A I N VALVE MATERIAL
A = ALUMINUM
C = CARBON STEEL
S = STAINLESS STEEL
INLET SIZE _ _ _ _ _ _ _--'
FLANGE FACING
' - - - - - R = RAISED
F = FLAT
OUTLET SIZE - - - - - - - - - - - '
dimensions and weights
Type 96
Types 93, 931, 91/94, 95
rAJ
r
I
rftJl=C
I
CMAX.
MAX.
=.12
I
j
=,06 1
-..-1
~B=06
SIZE
N..ET x
OUTLET
. WEIGHT AI
MAX
LBS. (KGS)
C max. (2) (3)
('1(2)
150# RFOf FF
A (3)
Tx ;r
3 .75
(9525)
'6.7
1424. ,6)
,5#
(660)
23.
J" 4"
5.75 ~
4.50
( "4.30) (' 46.05) '
' 6 .0
(457.20)
(1043)
"'~
5.50
7.00 '
(139.70) (1nao) )
20.3
(5'5.62)
(14.97)
6" x 8"
9 .31
6.75
(171.45) 123647)
22.9
1581.66)
56#
126.30)
8" x HT
B.OO
".00
(200.20) (279.40)
25.0
(635.00)
95#
.( 6"
,()" x' T
DIMENSIONS
DIMENSIONS
33#
A(3)
SIZE
RELIEF VALVE CONNECTION
:r
CAPPD
4"
6"
8"
12"
9.62
1249.43)
10.57
(26846)
i -
13.89
1352.81) )
18.58
(471 .93)
143.(9)
'30#
(58.97)
,80#
(Bl .65)
s-
(') WIeigI1I
V_ E~ AI. x 3
(2) _ VIIy WIth Aa:essonM
(3) Inct.a (MiIirnIIIefs)
(4) 125 #FF Optionej
4"
8.57
6.57
(21768) 121768)
9.32
9.32 I
(236.73) 123673) ,
8"
12.02 , 12.02 I i
(3053,) (30531)
I -
II
1()'"
12"
!i
i -
B
C
( NOM.
MAX.
13)
13)
132
10.1
; 1335 28) (256.54)
, WEIGHT
AI MAX
LBS.
IKGS.I
I')
30
(13.6)
11 .0
16.5
(41910) (279.40)
40
116.14)
21.3
14.0
154102) 135560)
60
127.2)
I
I
,i
18.7
16.33
'6.33 I
25.5
(414.78) 1(414 .78) (647.70) (474.98)
120
(54.43)
o (5eFM)
7 '1-1
u..::
77+E t'AVU
I> /1.11 bEl:>
ft::;:::~,Jt.;::
/3I-7:>IA(
6.
C~ N 'b () cIT VI
ry
&F I Z. ~ "F +1 ~
B,/ "ekJ:>11Y- ~,N6>TH
su~F4C ~eA-
0 3~-<J
LE.llft:.T1-I-:::
T1.J
tf(C- FT -
'-i"&'ZS-t'''\.
-:=
,c
Q. 36&
,.cr
<2 It..) Co
--
~cc
.Soc
~tDc.fS-
U::
JCd
fA
rMT2
H ::
r:::
,/0, ''''''0 (
-3~2. ~ ~F +
If>
;;:.
{57." te
2 ~ I I
pI
:3.
F' -
~ . c.J
if (p tf5 ( <!> ~ 9:1 q )
( 27 7 ) (
I
~, y ) (2.. 2 cr)
::::
rz:}( IS 7- y)C()
l) j::>7V,e
'3
11
,.tfl~ (j)
\\le
t:>1 sc
I,
fs,tlf
~L~W (A.fAe.try
'bl$<!...
tf<!;~ () C>
Sc..i=.Nf
(Ft K ~ 738
,<00
(!)
