ArcGIS 9

ArcGIS Network Analyst Tutorial

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Copyright 2008 ESRI

All rights reserved.
Printed in the United States of America.
The information contained in this document is the exclusive property of ESRI. This work is protected under United States copyright law and the
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Redlands, CA 92373-8100, USA.
The information contained in this document is subject to change without notice.
DATA CREDITS
Shapefile and geodatabase data used to create and build Network Datasets in exercises 1, 4, 5, 8, and 9 supplied by TeleAtlas, Boston, Massachusetts,
and is used here with permission.
Geodatabase based street data used to create and build Network Datasets in exercises 2, 3, 6, and 7 supplied by NAVTEQ, Chicago, Illinois, and is used
here with permission.
Geodatabase based transit data used to create and build Network Datasets in exercises 3, 6, and 7 supplied by RATP from the city of Paris, and is used
here with permission.
CONTRIBUTING WRITERS

Deelesh Mandloi, Jay Sandhu, Tarun Chandrasekhar

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The names of other companies and products herein are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective trademark owners.

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ArcGIS Network Analyst Tutorial

IN THIS TUTORIAL
Exercise 1: Creating a shapefilebased network dataset
Exercise 2: Creating a geodatabase
network dataset
Exercise 3: Creating a multimodal
network dataset

ESRI ArcGIS Network Analyst extension allows you to build a network

dataset and perform analyses on a network dataset. The best way to learn
Network Analyst is to use it. In the exercises in this tutorial, you will:
Use ArcCatalog to create and build a network dataset from a streets
shapefile.
Use ArcCatalog to create and build a network dataset from feature
classes stored within a geodatabase.
Define connectivity rules and network attributes for the network dataset.

Exercise 4: Finding the best route

using a network dataset

Perform various network analyses in ArcMap using the Network

Analyst toolbar.

Exercise 5: Finding the closest fire

stations

Learn how to use the Network Analyst tools in ArcToolbox to create

geoprocessing models that perform network analysis.

Exercise 6: Calculating service

area and creating an OD Cost
Matrix
Exercise 7: Creating a model for
route analysis

In order to use this tutorial, you need to have the Network Analyst extension
and ArcGIS installed and have the tutorial data installed on a local or shared
network drive on your system. Ask your system administrator for the
correct path to the tutorial data if you do not find it at the default installation
path (C:\ArcGIS\ArcTutor\Network_Analyst) as specified in the tutorial.

Exercise 8: Servicing a set of

orders with a fleet of vehicles
Exercise 9: Finding best routes to
service a set of paired orders
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Exercise 1: Creating a shapefile-based network dataset

In this Exercise you will create a simple shapefile-based
network dataset from a single line feature class.
Creating a network dataset
1. Start ArcCatalog by either double-clicking a shortcut
installed on your desktop or using the programs list in
your Start menu.
2. Navigate to the C:\arcgis\ArcTutor\Network_Analyst
folder in the Catalog Tree. (This is the default install
location for this data.)

6. The name of the network dataset is set to Streets_ND

by default. Click Next to continue.

3. Click the Exercise1 folder to show its contents.

4. If the Network Analyst Extension is not enabled, on the

Tools menu, click Extensions, and in the Extensions
dialog box, click Network Analyst and close the
Extensions dialog box.
5. Right-click the Streets shapefile and choose New
Network Dataset. This shapefile contains street data for
downtown San Francisco.

Network Connectivity defines how features that

participate in a network connect to each other. The
default connectivity for a network dataset places all
sources in one connectivity group and assigns all edge
sources endpoint connectivity. In a shapefile based
network there is only one edge source, hence there is no

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need for multiple connectivity groups. Also, we wish to

model streets with endpoint connectivity. (To see how
this is modeled, click the Connectivity button.)
7. To accept the default connectivity, click Next to
continue.

8. Click Next to accept the default elevation fields settings.

If ArcGIS Network Analyst finds elevation fields data in
your shapefile, it automatically chooses the Yes radio
button and assigns the appropriate fields.

Earlier versions of ArcView GIS and ARC/INFO

support optional elevation fields to establish connectivity.
Each feature in a shapefile or a coverage would be
assigned two Z-elevation values, one for each endpoint.
If the endpoints of line features have the same Zelevation value, connectivity is established. If the values
are different, they do not connect (e.g., in the case of
bridges or tunnels).

ArcGIS Network Analyst supports turns in a shapefile

based network. Turn information (such as turning
restrictions and delays) enhance the quality of network
analysis. Earlier versions of ARC/INFO and ArcView
GIS used turn tables. These turn tables can be converted
into turn features and used in the network dataset. You
will use turn features in Exercise 2.

The elevation field contains logical elevation values for

establishing connectivity only and does not provide
height information for the feature. ArcGIS Network
Analyst can use Z-elevation values to further modify the
connectivity settings established in the previous step.
ArcGIS Network Analyst automatically searches and
maps the relevant fields.

In addition, by default, Global Turns are selected. Global

Turns are rules that can be set, such as all left turns
have a delay of 15 seconds. Such a rule gives
preference to right turning movements. The advantage
of Global Turns is that you do not need to create
individual turn features for rules that apply to every turn
in the network.

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9. Click Yes to model turns in the network.

10. Click Next to continue.

To use driving directions in a network analysis, they

should be set in the network dataset.
Network attributes are properties of the network that
are used to control navigation. Common examples are
costs that function as impedances over the network.
Restrictions like one-way traversal are also examples of
network attributes.
The ArcGIS Network Analyst analyzes the source
shapefile and looks for common fields like Meters,
Minutes (FT_Minutes and TF_Minutes, one for each
direction), and Oneway. Once it finds these fields, it
automatically creates the corresponding network
attributes and assigns the respective fields to them.
(This can be viewed by clicking the Evaluators button.)

12. Select Yes to establish driving directions settings for this

network dataset.
The Network Analyst automatically finds and maps the
field in the streets source that will be used to report
street names. Additionally Length and Time fields are
automatically mapped as well.
13. Click Next to continue.

11. Since the attributes are automatically defined and

assigned values, click Next to continue.

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14. A summary of all the settings that have been chosen is

displayed in the following window for your review.

The network dataset has been built when the progress

bar disappears.

Click Finish to create the new shapefile based network

dataset.

The shapefile based network, Streets_ND, is added to

ArcCatalog along with the system junctions shapefile
Streets_ND_Junctions.
16. Select Streets_ND and click on the Preview tab to see
the built network dataset.

Once created, the system prompts for the network to be

built.
15. Click Yes to build the network.

17. Close ArcCatalog.

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Exercise 2: Creating a geodatabase network dataset

In this Exercise you will create a geodatabase network
dataset using the streets feature class and a turn feature
class for Paris.
Creating a network dataset
1. Start ArcCatalog by either double-clicking a shortcut
installed on your desktop or using the programs list in
your Start menu.
If the Network Analyst Extension is not enabled, on the
Tools menu, click Extensions, and in the Extensions
dialog box, click Network Analyst then close the
Extensions dialog box.
2. Navigate to the C:\arcgis\ArcTutor\Network_Analyst
folder in the Catalog Tree. (This is the default install
location for this data.)

7. Type ParisNet as a name for your network dataset.

3. Double-click the Exercise2 folder to expand it.

4. Click the plus sign on Paris.gdb. This will expand the
connection tree to show you the contents of the
geodatabase.
5. Click the RoadNetwork feature dataset. The contents
will be listed in the Contents tab.
6. Right-click the RoadNetwork feature dataset, click New,
then click Network Dataset. This will open the New
Network Dataset Wizard.
8. Click Next.

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9. Check the Streets feature class to use it as a source for

the network dataset.

10. Click Next.

11. Click Connectivity to set up the connectivity model for
the network.
The Streets feature class has three subtypes that we
wish to use to set up the connectivity: Highways, Major
Roads, and Local Streets.

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12. Click the Subtypes button to bring up the Connectivity

Settings: Subtypes dialog box. Check the Box next to
Streets (3) to use the three subtypes of Streets.

14. For this network, Highways and Major Roads connect

to each other at end points. Local Streets connect at
any vertex of geometric coincidence. Change the
connectivity policy of Streets: Local Streets to Any
Vertex.

15. Click OK to close the Connectivity Group dialog box.

13. Click OK to return to the Connectivity dialog box. There
are now three rows, one for each subtype.

16. Click Next.

17. Check No since here is no elevation field data for this
dataset.
Elevation fields have been used since the earlier
versions of ARC/INFO and ArcView GIS to model
connectivity. ArcGIS Network Analyst supports this
connectivity model. Each feature in a shapefile or a
coverage would be assigned two Z-elevation values, one
for each endpoint. If the endpoints of line features have
the same Z-elevation value, connectivity is established.
If the values are different, they do not connect (e.g., in
the case of bridges or tunnels). The elevation field
contains logical elevation values for establishing
connectivity only and does not provide height
information for the feature.
18. Click Next.

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19. Check Yes for modeling turns in the network. Check the
box by ParisTurns to select the turn feature source.

ArcGIS Network Analyst inspects all sources and tries

to automatically assign values for these three attributes.
22. Click Evaluators to examine how the values of network
attributes are determined by source. Select each
attribute from the pull-down menu and inspect the type
of evaluator and value assigned to it.

20. Click Next.

21. There are four attributes that are added by default:
Road Class, Oneway, Minutes, and Meters.
23. Click OK to return to the New Network Dataset
Wizard.

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24. You will add a new attribute that will restrict movement
over the turn elements created from ParisTurns. Click
Add to bring up the Add New Attribute dialog box. Type
TurnRestriction for the attribute and select Restriction
as the Usage type. Note that the Use by Default option
is checked. This restriction will be used by default when
a new network analysis layer is created. If checked
here, it can be disabled during analysis.

28. Change the Value for ParisTurns to Restricted. The

evaluators for other sources are set automatically to
Traversable under Default Values.

25. Click OK. A new attribute called TurnRestriction is

added to the list.

26. Click Evaluators to assign values by source.

27. Set the Type of Evaluator for ParisTurns to Constant by
clicking in the Type column for the ParisTurns row and
selecting Constant from the drop-down box.

29. Click OK to return to the New Network Dataset

Wizard.
30. Click Next to continue.

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31. Click Yes to set up directions. Click Directions to open

the Network Directions properties page. Here, you will
set up the fields used to report directions after network
analysis.
32. In the General tab, click under the Name column for the
Primary row and select FULL_NAME from the dropdown list. In the Paris streets data, this field contains the
street names that will be used to generate directions.

35. Click Finish to create the new network dataset.

36. Click Yes to build the network dataset.

33. Click OK to return to the New Network Dataset

Wizard.
34. Click Next to see a summary of the settings defined.

Once the network dataset is built, you should see a new

network dataset called ParisNet along with the system
junctions feature class ParisNet_Junctions. Preview the
network dataset by selecting it and clicking on Preview.
37. Close ArcCatalog.

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Exercise 3: Creating a multimodal network dataset

In this Exercise you will create a multimodal network
dataset from multiple feature classes within a feature
dataset in a geodatabase.
Creating a network dataset
1. Start ArcCatalog by either double-clicking a shortcut
installed on your desktop or using the programs list in
your Start menu.
If the Network Analyst Extension is not enabled, on the
Tools menu, click Extensions, and in the Extensions
dialog, click Network Analyst and then close the
Extension dialog.
2. Navigate to the
C:\arcgis\ArcTutor\Network_Analyst\Exercise3 folder in
the Catalog Tree. (This is the default install location for
this data.)

7. Type ParisMultiNet as a name for your network

dataset.

3. Double-click the Exercise3 folder to expand it.

4. Click the plus sign on Paris.gdb. This will expand the
connection tree to show you the contents of the
geodatabase.
5. Click the Multimodal_Network feature dataset. The
contents will be listed in the Contents tab.
6. Right-click the Multimodal_Network feature dataset,
click New, then click Network Dataset. This will open
the New Network Dataset Wizard.

8. Click Next.

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9. Click Select All to select all the feature classes to

participate as sources in the network.

12. Click the Group Column up-arrow once, to increase the

number of connectivity groups to 2. Connectivity group
1 represents the metro system and connectivity group 2
represents the street network.

13. Check the boxes under the Connectivity Group numbers

to assign each source to the group they belong to. Click
under the column labeled 2 for the Streets row to move
Streets to connectivity group 2, as shown in the graphic
below. Click under the column labeled 2 for the
Metro_Entrances row to assign Metro_Entrances to
both groups 1 and 2. They are the points of transfers
between the two networks.

10. Click Next.

11. Click Connectivity to set up the connectivity model for
the network.

14. Click under the Connectivity Policy column for

Metro_Entrances and select Override from the
drop-down list.
Each feature of Metro_Entrances is coincident with a
vertex of the streets feature class. However, the streets
feature class has a policy of endpoint connectivity. Since
the Metro_Entrances are to be connected to the streets
at the coincident vertex, you have set the
Metro_Entrances to override the default endpoint
connectivity of the streets.
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15. Click OK to close the Connectivity Group dialog box.

16. Click Next.

20. Click Next.

17. There is no elevation field data for this dataset,

therefore be sure No is selected.

21. There are four attributes that are added by default:

RoadClass, Oneway, Minutes, and Meters.

Elevation fields have been used since the earlier

versions of ARC/INFO and ArcView GIS to model
connectivity. ArcGIS Network Analyst supports this
connectivity model. Each feature in a shapefile or a
coverage would be assigned two Z-elevation values, one
for each endpoints. If the endpoints of line features
have the same Z-elevation value, connectivity is
established. If the values are different, they do not
connect (e.g., in the case of bridges or tunnels). The
elevation field contains logical elevation values for
establishing connectivity only and does not provide
height information for the feature.

Since this is a multimodal network you will add different

time attributes based on mode. For automobiles, you will
have an attribute called Drivetime and for pedestrians,
you shall have a Pedestrian_Time attribute.
The attribute Minutes is added by the Network Analyst
by default. We can rename this attribute to be called
Drivetime.
22. Select the Minutes row, click Rename, then type
Drivetime.

18. Click Next.

19. Select Yes for modeling turns in the network. Although
you have no turn feature classes for this network,
selecting yes allows the network dataset to support
global turns. Turn information can be added to an
existing network dataset, if it supports turns. If you
choose no here, you will not be able to add turns to this
network on a later date.

The Meters and Drivetime attributes have a yellow

warning symbol that represents a potential problem with
the evaluators.

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23. Select Meters and click Evaluators to inspect values for

the Meters attribute for each source in the network.

ArcGIS Network Analyst inspects all sources and tries

to automatically assign values for the Meters attribute.
The Metro_Lines source and the Streets source have a
field called Meters; therefore, this field is automatically
assigned to the sources.
For each edge source in the network, attributes need to
be assigned for each direction of travel. Since the length
does not depend on direction of travel, the same values
are assigned for both directions of a source. Network
Analyst attempts to assign values for each cost attribute
for each edge source that participates in the network. In
this case, Network Analyst was unable to find values for
Transfer_Stations and Transfer_Street_Station sources.
Hence a warning symbol is present to indicate that there
is a problem.
24. Select all four rows with the yellow warning symbol
(two sources in both directions), right-click, choose
Type, and click Field. The yellow warning sign changes

to a red exclamation mark indicating an incomplete

assignment of values.

25. The four rows, now with the red exclamation mark,
should still be selected. Right-click the selected rows,
choose Value, and click SHAPE_LENGTH. This will
assign values for the Meters attribute for the selected
sources from the their SHAPE_LENGTH field.

26. Click Apply.

27. From the Attributes drop-down box, select Oneway. The
attribute Oneway has been assigned values
automatically by the ArcGIS Network Analyst for the
Streets source. Since all other sources are related to
the metro system, they have no oneway restrictions.
28. From the Attributes drop-down box, select Drivetime.

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The values for the Streets source are populated

automatically by Network Analyst. Other edge sources
have no values assigned and have the warning symbol.
The attribute Drivetime will be used to model the travel
time using automobiles. Since automobiles travel on
streets only (and not on Metro_Lines or transfers
between stations), a valid value of Drivetime can exist
only for streets (which has been automatically set up).
29. Select all the other edge sources that belong to the
metro system (Metro_Lines, Transfer_Station, and
Transfer_Street_Station). You can use the CTRL key
and select each of them. Click on the column heading
named Type and select Constant.

30. The same rows should still be selected. Hit the F12 key
on the keyboard to bring up the Constant Value Input
box. (Alternately, you can also right-click the selected
rows, point to Value and select Properties to bring up
the same input box.) Type -1 and press Enter.
By assigning a constant of -1, the system will treat the
sources as restricted when the attribute Drivetime is
used as an impedance.

31. Click OK to return to the New Network Dataset

Wizard.
32. Click Add to add a new attribute.
33. In the Add New Attribute dialog box, type
Pedestrian_Time for the Name. Set the Usage Type
as Cost, the Units as Minutes, and the Data Type as
Double.

34. Click OK.

35. Select Pedestrian_Time and click Evaluators.
The Pedestrian_Time attribute in the network represents
the time a pedestrian takes on the network. In this case
it has two components because a pedestrian can utilize
the metro system in addition to walking on the street
network. In the Evaluators dialog, the following six
sources should already be selected. Metro_Lines (in

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each direction), Transfer_Stations (in each direction)

and Transfer_Street_Station (in each direction). If not,
you can use the CTRL key and select each of them.

38. To set up the Pedestrian_Time for Streets, click the

row for Streets in the From-To direction. Hold the
CTRL key and click the row for Streets in the To-From
direction, to select both rows for the Streets source.

39. Right-click on the selected sources, point to Value, and

click Properties to bring up the Field Evaluators dialog
box.

36. Right-click, choose Type, and click Field.

37. The same rows should still be selected. Right-click,

choose Value, and click TRANSITTIM.

On the street network a pedestrian can walk. Hence for

the Streets source, the value of Pedestrian_Time is the
walk time for a pedestrian. Assuming that a pedestrian
walks at 3 km/h, walk time in minutes will then be
[Meters] * 60 / 3000 where [Meters] is the attribute
containing length of the edge in meters.
40. Double-click on the METERS field to move it into the
Value = location and finish typing the expression as
[METERS] * 60 / 3000 in the Field Evaluators Dialog as
shown below. Click Verify to verify that the expression
is correct and fix, if necessary.

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46. Click on Primary in the Street Name Fields list.

47. Click under the Name field and click FULL_NAME
from the drop-down list.

48. Click OK.

41. Click OK to close the dialog box and return to the
Evaluators dialog box.

49. Click Next to see a summary of the settings defined.

42. Click OK to save the attribute assignment.

43. Click Next.
44. Click Yes to set up directions. Click Directions to open
the Directions Properties Page.
45. On the General tab, click the Source drop-down arrow
and click Streets.

50. Click Finish to create the new network dataset.

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51. Click Yes to build the network dataset.

Once the network dataset is built, you should see a new

network dataset called ParisMultiNet along with the
system junctions feature class ParisMultiNet_Junctions.
Preview the network dataset by selecting it and clicking
on Preview.

52. Close ArcCatalog.

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Exercise 4: Finding the best route using a network dataset

In this Exercise you will find the best route for the given
order of stops based on travel time.

This is a dockable window which you can dock within

the ArcMap window or leave undocked. In this Exercise
the window is docked below the Table of Contents.

Preparing your display

1. If you have Exercise4.mxd open in ArcMap, skip steps 2
to 5.
2. Start ArcMap by either double-clicking a shortcut
installed on your desktop or using the programs list in
your Start menu. Choose Ok to start ArcMap with a
new empty map.
3. Click File on the Main menu and click Open.
4. In the Open dialog box, navigate to
C:\arcgis\ArcTutor\Network_Analyst\Exercise4. (This is
the default install location for this data.)
5. Double-click Exercise4.mxd.
6. If the Network Analyst Extension is not enabled, on the
Tools menu, click Extensions, and in the Extensions
dialog, click Network Analyst and then close the dialog.

Creating the Route analysis layer

1. On the Network Analyst toolbar, click the Network
Analyst drop-down menu, and click New Route.

7. If the Network Analyst toolbar is not already present, on

the Main menu, click View, point to Toolbars, and click
Network Analyst.
The Network Analyst Window now contains empty lists
of Stops, Routes, and Barriers categories.
8. If the Network Analyst Window is not already open,
click the Network Analyst Window button
on the
Network Analyst toolbar.

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Additionally, the table of contents contains a new Route

Analysis Layer.

The located stop also displays the number 1. The number

represents the order in which the stops will be visited by
the calculated route.
You will also notice that the Stops category on the
Network Analyst Window now lists 1 stop. Expand the
Stops category to see the Graphic Pick 1 listed there.

Adding a stop
Next, you will add the stops between which you will be
creating the best route.
1. Click Stops(0) on the Network Analyst Window.

4. Add two more stops on the map. The stops are

numbered 2 and 3. The order of stops can be changed
on the Network Analyst Window.
The first stop is treated as the origin and the last, as the
destination.

2. On the Network Analyst Toolbar, click the Create

Network Location tool
.
3. Click anywhere on the street network in the map to
define a new stop location.
The program then calculates the nearest network
location and symbolizes the stop with the located
symbol. The stop will remain selected until another stop
is placed or until it is unselected.

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Setting up the parameters for the analysis

Next, you will specify that your route will be calculated
based on time (minutes), that U-turns are allowed
everywhere, and that one-way restrictions must be
followed.
1. Click the Analysis Layer Properties button next to Route
layer on the Network Analyst Window to bring up the
Layer Properties dialog box for Route.
If a stop is not located on the network, it will appear with an
unlocated symbol.

2. In the Layer Properties dialog box, click the Analysis

Settings tab. Make sure the impedance selected is
Minutes (Minutes).
3. Do not use time windows. (Leave the box unchecked.)
Time windows are used when certain stops can only be
visited at certain times.
An unlocated stop can be located on the network by moving
it closer to any edge that belongs to the network. On the
Network Analyst Toolbar, click Select/Move Network
Location tool .
Using the Select/Move Network Location tool , click and
drag the unlocated stop closer to an edge on the network.

4. Do not reorder stops. (Leave the box unchecked.) This

preserves the order of stops as decided by you, when
you created the stops.
5. Choose Everywhere from the Allow U-turns drop-down
box.
6. Choose True Shape from the Output Shape Type dropdown box.
7. Check the box labeled Ignore Invalid Locations. This will
let you find the best route using located stops. Stops that
were not located on the network will be ignored.

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8. Check Oneway in the Restrictions list.

2. Click the plus (+) sign next to Routes on the Network

Analyst Window to show the Route.
3. Right-click the new route called Graphic Pick 1 Graphic Pick 3 and click Directions Window to display
driving directions.

9. Find the Directions section.

10. Make sure the Distance Units are set to Miles, the Use
Time Attribute box is checked and the time attribute is
set to Minutes.
11. Click OK.

4. The Directions Window can also be displayed with turnby-turn maps that can be shown by clicking on the Map
link.

Run the process to compute the best route

1. Click the Solve button
toolbar.

on the Network Analyst

The route polyline appears in the map and in the Route

category of the Network Analyst Window.

5. Close the Directions Window.

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Adding a barrier
In this section, you will add a barrier on the route, that
represents a road block and will find an alternate route to
the destination, avoiding the road block.
1. In the Window menu, click Magnifier to bring up the
Magnifier window.
2. Click on the title bar of the Magnifier window and drag
to reposition the Magnifier window.
3. Move the Magnifier window over the route, to a point
where you want to add a barrier. The Magnifier window
shows a part of the map where you can add a barrier at
a zoom of 400 percent.

7. Click the Solve button

on the Network Analyst
toolbar. A new alternative route is computed, avoiding
the barrier.

4. On the Network Analyst Window, click Barriers (0).

5. On the Network Analyst Toolbar, click the Create
Network Location tool .

8. Close the Magnifier Window.

6. In the Magnifier window, click anywhere on the route, to

place a barrier.

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Saving the best route

1. Right-click Routes (1) on the Network Analyst Window
and click Export Data.

6. If you do plan to work on other Exercise, then do a File

New in ArcMap and Click No to discard all changes to
the current map document.

2. Type in a location and shapefile name to save the results,

such as C:\Data\Exercise4_Route.shp, in the Output
shapefile or feature class field.
3. Click OK. The best route generated is saved to the
specified shapefile.
4. Click NO when prompted to add the exported data to the
map as a layer.
5. If you do not plan to work on any other Exercise, close
ArcMap. Click No to discard all changes.

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Exercise 5: Finding the closest fire stations

In this Exercise you will find the closest four fire stations
that can respond to a fire at a given address. You will also
generate the fastest route from each of these fire stations
provided to each driver of the fire engine.
Preparing your display
1. If you have Exercise5.mxd open in ArcMap, skip
steps 2 to 5.

8. If the Network Analyst Window is not already open,

click the Network Analyst Window button
on the
Network Analyst toolbar.
This is a dockable window which you can dock within
the ArcMap window or leave undocked. In this
Exercise, the window is docked below the Table of
Contents.

2. Start ArcMap by either double-clicking a shortcut

installed on your desktop or using the programs list in
your Start menu. Choose Ok to start ArcMap with a
new empty map.
3. Click File on the Main menu and click Open.
4. In the Open dialog box, navigate to
C:\arcgis\ArcTutor\Network_Analyst\Exercise5\Exercise5.mxd.
(This is the default install location for this data.)
5. Double-click Exercise5.mxd.
6. If the Network Analyst Extension is not enabled, on the
Tools menu, click Extensions, and in the Extensions
dialog box, click Network Analyst and close the
Extensions dialog box.

Creating the Closest Facility analysis layer

1. On the Network Analyst toolbar, click the Network
Analyst drop-down menu and click New Closest Facility.

7. If the Network Analyst toolbar is not already present, on

the Main menu, click View, point to Toolbars, and click
Network Analyst.

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The Network Analyst Window now contains an empty

list of Facilities, Incidents, Routes, and Barriers
categories.

2. Select Fire_Station from the Load From drop-down list.

Keep the default settings.

Additionally, the Table of Contents contains a new

Closest Facility analysis (group) layer.
3. Click OK.
Forty fire stations are listed in the Network Analysis
window and are displayed as facilities on the map.

Adding facilities
Next you will add facilities from a point shapefile for which
a layer file has been created.
1. Right-click Facilities (0) in the Network Analyst window
and click Load Locations.

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Adding an incident
Next, you will find a street address (1202 Twin Peaks Blvd)
and add it as an incident for Closest Facility Analysis.

4. Type 1202 Twin Peaks Blvd in the text box labeled

Street or Intersection.

1. Click Incidents(0) on the Network Analyst Window to

select it as the feature layer to which you will add the
street address as a network location.

2. Select Find from the Edit menu to bring up the Find

dialog box.

5. Click Find. One location is found with that street address

and is listed as a row in the table in the Find dialog box.

3. In the Addresses tab, Select SanFranStreets from the

Choose an address locator drop-down list.

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6. Right-click the row and click Add as Network Location.

This adds the located address as an incident on the
Network Analyst Window and on the map.

Setting up the parameters for the analysis

Next, you will specify the parameters for your Closest
Facility analysis.
1. Click the Closest Facility Properties Button next to
Closest Facility on the Network Analyst Window to bring
up the Layer Properties dialog box.

2. In the Layer Properties dialog box, click the Analysis

Settings tab.
3. Click the Impedance drop-down arrow and click Minutes
(Minutes).
4. Set the Default Cutoff value to 3. ArcGIS will search for
fire stations that are within three minutes of the fire.
Any fire station outside of three minutes drive time will
be ignored.

7. Close the Find dialog box.

5. Increase the Facilities to Find from 1 to 4. ArcGIS will

attempt to search for four fire stations from the fire site,
within the three minute cutoff. If there are only three
fire stations within the three minute cutoff, then the
fourth fire station will not be found.
6. Under Travel From, select Facility (fire station) to
Incident (fire).
7. Select Everywhere from the Allow U-Turns drop-down
box.

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8. Select True Shape from the Output Shape Type dropdown box.
9. Check the box labeled Ignore Invalid Locations. This will
let you find the best route using located stops. Stops that
were not located on the network will be ignored.
10. Check Oneway in the Restrictions list.
11. Click OK to save the settings.

Note that only two fire stations were found to be closest

to the fire within the three-minute cutoff. You can
optionally increase the cutoff value to 4 minutes and see
how many fire stations are found.
in the Network
2. Click the Directions Window button
Analyst Toolbar to generate directions for routes from
each fire station.

Run the process to identify the closest facility

1. Click the Solve button
toolbar.

on the Network Analyst

The routes appear in the Map and in the Route Category

on the Network Analyst Window.

If you do not plan to work on any other exercise, close

ArcMap.
3. Click No to discard all changes.

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Exercise 6: Calculating service area and creating a OD Cost Matrix

In this exercise you will create a series of polygons
representing the distance that can be reached from a
facility within a specified amount of time. These polygons
are known as service area polygons. You will calculate 3-,
5-, and 10-minute service area polygons for six warehouses
in Paris. You will also find out how many stores lie within
each of these service areas. You have to identify one
warehouse that should be relocated to better service the
stores. Additionally, you will create an Origin-Destination
Cost Matrix for delivery of goods from the warehouses to
all the stores within a 10-minute drive time. Such a matrix is
used as an input for logistics, delivery, and routing analyses.

7. If the Network Analyst toolbar is not already present, on

the Main menu, click View, point to Toolbars, and click
Network Analyst.

8. If the Network Analyst Window is not already open,

click the Show/Hide Network Analyst Window button
on the Network Analyst toolbar.
This is a dockable window which you can dock within
the ArcMap window or leave undocked. In this Exercise
the window is docked below the Table of Contents.

Preparing your display

1. If Exercise6.mxd is open in ArcMap, skip steps 2 to 5.
2. Start ArcMap by double-clicking a shortcut installed on
your desktop or using the programs list in your Start
menu. Click Ok to start ArcMap with a new empty map.
3. Click File on the Main menu and click Open.
4. In the Open dialog box, navigate to
C:\arcgis\ArcTutor\Network_Analyst\Exercise6\Exercise6.mxd.
(This is the default install location for this data.)
5. Double-click Exercise6.mxd.
6. If the Network Analyst Extension is not enabled, on the
Tools menu, click Extensions, and in the Extensions
dialog box, click Network Analyst and close the
Extensions dialog box.

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Creating the Service Area analysis layer

Adding facilities

1. On the Network Analyst toolbar, click the Network

Analyst drop-down menu and click New Service Area.

Next, you will add warehouses as facilities for which the

service area polygons will be generated.
1. Right-click Facilities (0) on the Network Analyst
Window and select Load Locations. Select Warehouses
in the Load From drop-down list and click OK.

The Network Analyst Window now contains an empty

list of Facilities, Barriers, Lines, and Polygons
categories.
Click the plus (+) sign next to Facilities (6) in the
Network Analyst Window to show the list of six
facilities. The facilities are also visible on the map.

Additionally, the table of contents contains a new

Service Area analysis layer.

Setting up the parameters for the analysis

Next, you will specify that your service area will be
calculated based on Drivetime (minutes). Three service
area polygons will be calculated for each facility, one at 3
minutes, one at 5 minutes, and another at 10 minutes. You
will specify that the direction of travel will be from the

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facilitynot towards the facilitythat no U-turns are

allowed, and that one-way restrictions must be followed.

9. Click the Polygon Generation tab.

1. In the Network Analyst Window, click the Service Area

Properties Button to bring up the Layer Properties
dialog box.

11. Click Generalized for Polygon Type. This results in

faster analysis. Detailed polygons are much more
accurate, but need more time to be generated.

2. Click the Analysis Settings tab.

3. Click the Impedance drop-down list and select Drivetime
(Minutes).

12. Uncheck the Trim Polygon option. This is post-process

that trims the outside polygon to remove spikes but
takes a little longer to run.

4. Type 3 5 10 in the Default breaks text box. (Enter this

as 3 5 10; the three numbers are separated by a space,
without the quotes.)

13. Click Overlapping Multiple Facilities Options. This

results in individual polygons per facility that may or
may not overlap.

5. Under Direction, click Away from facility.

14. Click Rings for the Overlap type. This excludes areas of
smaller breaks from the polygons of a bigger break.

6. Click Nowhere from the Allow U-turns drop-down list.

7. Check Oneway in the Restrictions list to honor one-way
restrictions.

10. Make sure that Generate Polygons is checked.

15. Click Apply to save the settings.

8. Check the Ignore Invalid Locations checkbox.

16. Click the Line Generation tab.

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17. Leave the box labeled Generate Lines unchecked.

Identifying stores that do not lie within any

polygon
18. Click OK to save your settings.

1. In the table of contents select and move the Stores

feature layer to the top to improve visibility.

Run the process to compute the Service Area

1. Click the Solve button
toolbar.

on the Network Analyst

The service area polygons appear on the map and on the

Network Analyst Window.
There is a transparency set by default for the Polygons
layer. This shows the underlying layers and gives an idea
of the area under the polygons with respect to the street
network.
2. Choose Select by Location from the Selection menu.

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3. Create the selection query in the Select by Location to

select features from Stores that are completely within
Polygons, as shown below.

7. The selection now shows the distribution of stores not

contained in any service area polygon. You use this
selection to identify the area to which you will relocate a
warehouse. This area appears to be in the center of the
map.

4. Click Apply. This will select all stores that lie within
service area polygons.
5. Click Close.
You want to select stores that are not within the service
area polygons, which is the inverse of the current
selection. To get the selection of stores that are not
within the service area polygons, you can switch the
selection.
6. Right-click Stores in the Table of Contents, point to
Selection and choose Switch Selection.

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8. Right-click Stores in the Table of Contents, point to

Selection and click Clear Selected Features.

Run the process to compute the Service Area

Relocating the least accessible warehouse
1. Look at the service area polygons of Warehouse #2.
There are no stores that lie within the 3-, 5- or 10-minute
service areas of Warehouse #2. Hence, you will relocate
Warehouse #2 to better service the stores.

1. Click the Solve button

toolbar.

on the Network Analyst

The service area polygons appear on the map and on the

Network Analyst Window.

2. On the Network Analyst Window, select Warehouse #2

under Facilities (6).

3. Use the Select/Move Network Location Tool

to
move Warehouse #2 to the center of the map, as shown
in the figure below.

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Identifying the service area polygon that each

store lies within
1. In the table of contents, right-click Stores feature layer,
point to Joins and Relates and select Join.

2. Choose Join data from another layer based on spatial

location.

4. Select the first radio button labeled it falls inside to add

the attributes of polygon to all points that fall inside the
polygon.

5. Specify the output shapefile to save the result of the join

as StoreswithPoly.shp.

6. Click OK to perform the join.

3. Select Polygons as the layer to join to this layer.

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7. Right-click the newly added StoreswithPoly feature layer

and select Open Attribute Table. Each row displays the
name of the store and polygon it falls under. You can use
this table to generate other useful categories such as the
number of stores within 03 minute service area of
warehouses.

12. Click OK.

8. Close the attribute table.

You can optionally export your facilities (including the
one you moved to a new location) as a feature class.
9. Right-click Facilities (6) on the Network Analyst
Window and click Export Data.
10. In the Export drop-down list, click All features.
11. Type C:\arcgis\ArcTutor\Network_Analyst\Exercise6
\NetworkAnalysis.gdb\AnalysisObjects\New_Warehouses
as the output feature class. You can choose another
location and name for the output if you do not want to
write to the input database.

13. Choose No when prompted to add the feature class to

the map. You will not be using this feature class for the
remaining exercise.
Optionally, you can create an OriginDestination cost
matrix for deliveries from the new warehouses to each
store. The results of this matrix can be used to identify
the stores that will be serviced by each warehouse
within a 10-minute drive time. Also, you would like to
find the total drive time from each warehouse to its
stores.

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Creating the OD Cost Matrix analysis layer

1. In the table of contents, uncheck Service Area analysis
layer and StoreswithPoly to improve readability of the
map.
2. On the Network Analyst toolbar, click the Network
Analyst drop-down menu and click New OD Cost
Matrix.

Adding origins
The Network Analyst Window now contains an empty
list of Origins, Destinations, Lines, and Barriers
categories.

You can use the facilities from Service Area Analysis (in
the previous section) as origins. If you have not completed
the section on Service Area Analysis, you can alternately
use the Warehouses feature layer.
1. Right-click Origins (0) on the Network Analyst Window
and click Load Locations.

Additionally, the table of contents contains a new OD

Cost Matrix analysis layer.

2. Select ServiceArea\Facilities in the Load From dropdown list. (If you did not complete the previous section
on service area analysis, you can use Warehouses
instead. Note that your results will not resemble the
results in this exercise.)
3. Uncheck the Only load selected rows checkbox.

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4. Click Use Network Location Fields radio button under

Location Position. Using network location fields will
allow ArcGIS to use the located position of Service Area
facilities to locate the origins again. This is much faster
than using search tolerance to locate them again. (If you
are loading Warehouses, you will need to click the use
Geometry radio button and set the Search Tolerance to
50 meters.)

Adding destinations
Next you will add the stores as destinations.
1. Right-click Destinations (0) on the Network Analyst
Window and click Load Locations.

2. Choose Stores in the Load From drop-down list.

3. Under Location Analysis Properties, for the property
Name, select the field NOM from the drop-down list.
Since the field name is in French, ArcGIS Network
Analyst was unable to map the field name automatically.
5. Click OK.
The Network Analyst Window now shows six origins
under the Origins list and on the map.

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Setting up the parameters for the analysis

4. Click OK.
The Network Analyst Window now lists 21 destinations
under the Destinations list.

Next, you will specify that your OD Cost Matrix will be

calculated based on time (Drivetime).You will set a default
cutoff value of 10 minutes and will ensure that all
destinations are found within the specified cut off.
Additionally, you will specify that U-turns are allowed
everywhere and the output Shape type should be a straight
line. Since all these trips are on roads, one-way restrictions
must be followed. All invalid locations (locations not found)
will be ignored.
1. Click the ODCostMatrix Properties Button
next to
ODCostMatrix on the Network Analyst Window.

These destinations are also displayed on the map.

2. Click the Analysis Settings tab.

3. Click the Impedance drop-down list and click Drivetime
(Minutes).
4. Type 10 in the Default Cutoff Value drop-down list.
This will create origindestination paths from each
warehouse to all stores that can be reached within 10
minutes.
5. Select <All> from the Destinations to Find drop-down
list.
6. Select Everywhere from the Allow U-turns drop-down
list.
7. Select Straight Line from the Output Shape Type dropdown list.

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8. Check Oneway in the Restrictions list.

Allocating stores to warehouses

9. Check Ignore Invalid Locations.

Based on the OD Cost Matrix, you can now identify the

stores that would be served by each warehouse.

10. Click OK to save the parameters.

1. Right-click on Lines (24) on the Network Analyst

Window and click on Open Attribute Table to open the
OD cost matrix.

Run the process to create the OD Cost Matrix

1. Click the Solve button
toolbar.

on the Network Analyst

The OD lines appear on the map. The number of lines in

this tutorial are 24. These may be different for you,
depending on where you relocated Warehouse #2.
2. Turn on the Service Area Layer, and display the Lines on
top of the service areas of the warehouses.

2. The Attributes of Lines represents the origin destination

cost matrix from each warehouse to stores within a 10
minute drive time in Paris. The OriginID column
contains IDs of warehouses. The DestinationID column
contains IDs of stores. The DestinationRank is a rank
assigned to each destination that is served by a store
based on the total drive time. For example, in the table
below, for Warehouse #1, DestinationID 23 has a rank
of 1 and DestinationID 24 has a rank of 2. This is
because it takes less time to go from Warehouse #1 to
DestinationID 23. (This may be different for you, as
your analysis results are dependent on the source
feature class of the origins and destinations.)

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The OD cost matrix displays the stores serviced by each

warehouse along with the total drive time for each route.
Some stores are within a 10 minute accessibility zone of
more than one warehouse and can be served by any one
of them. The OD cost matrix can also be used as an
input in logistics routing models, that use origin
destination matrices to allocate goods and services.
3. Exit ArcMap and do not save any changes to the
Exercise6.mxd.

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Exercise 7: Creating a model for route analysis

In this Exercise you will create a model for finding the
fastest delivery route connecting 21 stores in Paris.
Preparing your display
1. If you have Exercise7.mxd open in ArcMap, skip steps 2
to 7.
2. Start ArcMap by either double-clicking a shortcut
installed on your desktop or using the programs list in
your Start menu.
If the Network Analyst Extension is not enabled, on the
Tools menu, click Extensions, and in the Extensions
dialog box, click Network Analyst and close the
Extensions dialog box.
3. Click File on the Main menu and click Open.
4. In the Open dialog box, navigate to
C:\arcgis\ArcTutor\Network_Analyst\Exercise7. (This is
the default install location for this data.)

This is a dockable window which you can dock within

the ArcMap window or leave undocked. In this exercise,
the window is docked below the table of contents.
8. In the table of contents, check the check box by the
Stores layer to show it on the map.
9. In the table of contents, uncheck the check box by the
Metro System group layer to hide it on the map.

5. Double-click Exercise7.mxd.
6. If the Network Analyst toolbar is not already present, on
the Main menu, click View, point to Toolbars, and click
Network Analyst.

7. If the Network Analyst Window is not already open,

click the Network Analyst Window button
on the
Network Analyst toolbar.

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Creating the Model

1. On the Standard toolbar, click the Show/Hide
ArcToolbox Window Button to show the ArcToolbox
window.

4. Right-click on NetworkModel toolbox, select New and

then Model. A new model appears in the NetworkModel
toolbox and in the map window.

2. Right-click ArcToolbox in the ArcToolbox window and

select New Toolbox.

3. Type NetworkModel to name the newly added

toolbox.

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Creating the Route Layer in the model

Next you will create the route layer within the model. The
workflow for using Network Analyst in a model is the same
as the workflow for using Network Analyst in ArcMap.
First, you create a route layer and set properties. Next, you
add the network locations (stops) to be used as inputs.
Last, you solve and display the results.
1. Select the Make Route Layer tool in the Analysis Toolset
of the Network Analyst Tools toolbox and drag it into the
model.

2. Double-click the Make Route Layer Tool in the model, to

set its properties.
3. Click the ParisNet as the Input Analysis Network in the
drop-down list.
4. In the Impedance attribute drop-down list, click
Drivetime.
5. Check the Reorder stops to find optimal route checkbox.
6. In the Preserve ordering of stops drop-down list, click
PRESERVE_BOTH.

7. Click OK to continue. The Input analysis network is now

added to the model. The Make Route Layer tool
becomes yellow in color and the output layer becomes
green. Click the Full Extent button to view the entire
model.

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Adding stops in the model

Next you will add the stores as stops by using the Add
Locations tool.

3. Select the Add Connection Tool

the Add Locations tool.

and connect Stores to

1. Select the Add Locations tool in the Analysis toolset of

the Network Analysis toolbox and drag it into the model.

4. Using the Add Connection tool , connect the output

layer called Route to the Add Locations tool. The Add
Locations tool becomes yellow in color.
Click the AutoLayout button
Click the Full Extent button

to arrange the model.

to view the entire model.

2. Select the Stores feature layer in the table of contents

and drag it into the model to the left of the Add
Locations tool.

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Adding the solve function and finding the best

route
1. Select the Solve tool in the Analysis toolset in the
Network Analyst toolbox and drag it into the model.
3. Using the Select tool right-click on the output layer of
the Solve tool (Network Analyst Layer) and click Add
To Display. This will add the final output to the map.

4. Click on the Save button

to save the model.

5. From the Model menu, choose Run Entire Model to

perform the analysis.

2. Using the Add Connection tool , connect the output

layer called Network Analyst Layer to the Solve tool.
The Solve tool becomes yellow in color and the output
layer becomes green. Click the AutoLayout button to
arrange the model. Also click the Full Extent button to
view the entire model.

6. Close the model to inspect the results. Click Yes, when

prompted to save the model.

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A new Route layer is added to the map, the Network

Analysis window has all the stops and the resultant
route. The route is also displayed on the map.

10.Right-click the Model in the NetworkModel toolbox and

select Delete. Click Yes to verify the deletion.

11. Exit ArcMap and do not save any changes to the

Exercise7.mxd.

7. In the ArcToolbox window, expand the NetworkModel

toolbox, right-click Model, and click Edit.
8. To access the shortest path feature class for further
analysis, link the output of the model to a Select Data
tool found in the Data Management\General toolbox.
Double-click the Select Data tool to set its properties.
Once the form comes up, change the Child Data
Element to Routes.
9. Link the output of the Select Data tool to a
CopyFeatures tool from Data Management\Features
toolbox. Double-Click on the Copy Features tool and
type C:\arcgis\ArcTutor\Network_Analyst\Exercise7
\path.shp and close the form. Now running the entire
model will solve the path, select the route sublayer and
export it out as a shapefile.
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Exercise 8: Servicing a set of orders with a fleet of vehicles

In this exercise you will find the best routes for a fleet of
vehicles, which is operated by a distribution company, to
deliver goods from a main distribution center to a set of 25
grocery stores. Each store has a specific quantity of
demand for the goods and each truck has a limited capacity
for carrying the goods. The main objective is to assign
trucks in the fleet a subset of the stores to service and to
sequence the deliveries in a way that minimizes the overall
transportation costs.
This can be achieved by solving a vehicle routing problem
(VRP). Once the delivery sequence is determined, you will
generate the turn by turn directions for the resulting routes
which can be printed and given to the drivers to make the
deliveries.
Preparing your display
1. If you have Exercise8.mxd open in ArcMap, skip steps
2 to 5.

dialog box, click Network Analyst and close the

Extensions dialog.
7. If the Network Analyst toolbar is not already present, on
the Main menu, click View, point to Toolbars, and click
Network Analyst.

8. If the Network Analyst Window is not already open,

click the Network Analyst Window button
on the
Network Analyst toolbar. The Network Analyst Window
is a window that you can dock within ArcMap or leave
undocked. In this exercise, the window is shown docked
below the Table of Contents but you can place it
wherever you like.

2. Start ArcMap by double-clicking a shortcut installed on

your desktop or using the programs list in your Start
menu. Choose OK to start ArcMap with a new, empty
map.
3. Click File on the Main menu and click Open.
4. In the Open dialog box, navigate to
C:\arcgis\ArcTutor\Network_Analyst\Exercise8\Exercise8.mxd.
(This is the default install location for this data.)
5. Double-click Exercise8.mxd.
6. If the Network Analyst extension is not enabled, on the
Tools menu, click Extensions, and in the Extensions

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Creating the Vehicle Routing Problem analysis

layer
1. On the Network Analyst toolbar, click the Network
Analyst drop-down menu and click New Vehicle Routing
Problem.

The Network Analyst Window now contains an empty

list of Orders, Depots, Routes, Depot Visits, Breaks,
Route Zones, Route Seed Points, Route Renewals,
Specialties, Order Pairs, and Barriers network analysis
classes.
Adding Orders
You will add the grocery store locations to the network
analysis class called Orders. These are like orders to be
filled since each grocery store has requested goods to be
delivered to it from the distribution center. Members of the
Orders class will eventually become stops along the
vehicles routes.

The Table of Contents contains a new Vehicle Routing

Problem analysis (group) layer.

The grocery store locations are already added as a layer

named Stores in the map document. The attributes of
Stores contain information about the total weight of goods
(in pounds) required at each store, the time window during
which the delivery has to be made, and the service time (in
minutes) incurred while visiting a particular store. The
service time is the time required to park the vehicle and
unload the goods.

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2. Select Stores in the Load From drop-down list.

You will add these stores point features as orders.

1. Right-click Orders (0) in the Network Analyst Window
and click Load Locations.

3. The Location Analysis Properties section on the Load

Locations dialog box lets you specify which attributes of
the Stores features class contain the values that
Network Analyst will use to solve this vehicle routing
problem. In the Location Analysis Properties section,
make sure the Name property is automatically matched
to the NAME field, and the ServiceTime property is
matched to the ServiceTime field. Network Analyst tries
to match location analysis properties automatically for a
newly created vehicle routing problem layer based on a
configuration file (usually located in C:\Program
Files\ArcGIS\NetworkAnalyst\NetworkConfiguration\
NASolverConfiguration.xml)
4. Click in the field column beside the TimeWindowStart1
property and select TimeStart1 field from the drop-down
list. Similarly, set the TimeWindowEnd1 property to be
derived from TimeEnd1 field and set DeliveryQuantities
to read from the Demand field.

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5. Type 0 (zero) under Default Value for the

MaxViolationTime1 property. Setting this property to 0
specifies that the time window should not be violated.
Leave default settings for the other properties.

Adding Depots
The goods are delivered from a single distribution center
whose location is shown in the DistributionCenter layer in
ArcMap. The distribution center operates between 8 a.m.
and 5 p.m. You will add this point feature to the Depots
network analysis class.
1. Right-click Depots (0) in the Network Analyst Window
and click Load Locations.
2. Select DistributionCenter in the Load From drop-down
list.
3. In the Location Analysis Properties section, make sure
the Name property is automatically matched to the
NAME field.

6. Click OK
Now 25 stores are listed in the Network Analyst
Window under the Orders network analysis class and
are displayed as Orders on the map in the Vehicle
Routing Problem layer.

4. Type 8 AM under Default Value for the

TimeWindowStart1 property and 5 PM under default
value for the TimeWindowEnd1 property. Leave the
default settings for the other properties.

5. Click Ok

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One distribution center is listed in the Network Analyst

Window under the Depots network analysis class and is
displayed as Depot on the map in the Vehicle Routing
Problem layer.

2. In the Properties window, specify the attributes for the

route as shown in the table below. Leave default values
for other attributes. The description column in the table
explains the use of particular values.

Adding Routes
The distribution center has three trucks, each with a
maximum capacity to carry 15,000 pounds of goods. You
will add three routes (one for each vehicle) and set the
properties for the routes based on the centers operational
procedures.
1. Right-click Routes (0) in the Network Analyst Window
and click Add Item.

A new route named Item1 is added under the Routes

class in the Network Analyst Window and the Properties
window for the newly created route opens.

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Attribute

Value

Description

Name

Truck_1

Name of the vehicle.

StartDepotName

San Francisco

The truck starts at the distribution center.

EndDepotName

San Francisco

The truck returns to the distribution center at the end of the

route.

StartDepotServiceTime

60

Time (in this case, minutes) required to fully load the truck with
goods.

EarliestStartTime

8 AM

The truck can start operation as soon as the distribution center

opens at 8:00 a.m.

LatestStartTime

8 AM

The truck has to start operation as soon as possible.

Capacities

15000

The truck can carry a maximum of 15,000 pounds of goods.

CostPerUnitTime

0.20

The truck driver is paid 12 dollars per hour. So the wage

is: $12.00/60 minutes = $0.20 per minute.

CostPerUnitDistance

1.5

Average dollar amount spent per mile on fuel consumption, truck

depreciation, and maintenance.

MaxOrderCount

10

The maximum number of stores that can be serviced by a truck.

MaxTotalTime

360

Due to workday constraints, drivers cant have a work shift of

more than six hours (360 minutes).

MaxTotalTravelTime

120

MaxTotalDistance

80

In order to satisfy the workday constraints and still be able to

serve a reasonable number of stores, while taking into account
the service time needed at a store, the truck should not spend
more than two hours (120 minutes) driving on the streets.
In order to balance daily fuel and maintenance costs among the
fleet, any one truck should not travel more than 80 miles on its
route.

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For the Capacities attribute make sure the value 15000 is

not entered as 15,000.
3. Click OK. A new route called Truck_1 is listed in the
Network Analyst Window.
4. Since the three trucks at the distribution center are the
same, you can make two copies of the first truck you
entered and rename them. Right-click the existing
Truck_1 route object, select copy and then select paste
twice so you have three routes listed under the Routes
network analysis class in the Network Analyst Window.
Double-click each of the two new routes to open their
properties windows and modify their Name attributes to
Truck_2 and Truck_3.

Setting up the properties for analysis

Next you will specify the properties for your vehicle routing
problem analysis.
1. Click the Vehicle Routing Problem Properties button next
to the drop-down list in the Network Analyst Window to
bring up the Layer Properties dialog box.

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2. In the Layer Properties dialog box click the Analysis

Settings tab.
3. Click the Time Attribute drop-down list and click
Minutes. This network attribute will be used by the VRP
solver to calculate time-based impedance between
orders and the depot.
4. Click the Distance Attribute drop-down list and click
Meters. This network attribute is used only to specify
travel distances between orders and the depot; the VRP
solver minimizes time.

Shape (No Measure) option if you want the route

shapes to follow the streets; this option only affects the
display of the routes, not the results determined by the
VRP solver.
11. Check Oneway in the Restrictions list.
12. Leave the options under the Directions group to their
default values.
13. Click OK to apply and save the settings.

5. Leave the default date as the current date.

6. Since the goods are measured in pounds, make sure that
the Capacity Count is set to 1. This says that the goods
being delivered have only one measurement: weight. If
the capacities were specified in terms of two
measurements, such as weight and volume, then the
Capacity Count would be set to 2.
7. Make sure Minutes is selected for Time Field Units. This
specifies that all time-based attributes, such as
ServiceTime, MaxViolationTime1 for Orders and
MaxTotalTime, MaxTotalTravelTime, CostPerUnitTime
for Routes, are in minutes.
8. Make sure Miles is selected for Distance Field Units.
This specifies that all distance-based attributes, such as
MaxTotalDistance, CostPerUnitDistance for Routes, are
in miles.
9. Since it is difficult to make U-Turns with delivery trucks,
select Only At Dead Ends from the Allow U-Turns dropdown list.
10. Select Straight Line in the Output Shape Type dropdown list. Optionally, you can select True Shape or True

Run the process to determine the best route

assignment and order sequence
1. Click the Solve button
toolbar.

The VRP solver calculates the three routes required to

service the orders and draws lines connecting the orders.
Each route begins and ends at the distribution center and
serves a set of orders along the way.

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If there are error messages, make sure that the value of the
Capacities attribute for the routes is specified as 15000
instead of 15,000 and each route has a unique name.

3. You can optionally export the Vehicle Routing Problem

layer as a layer file (<filename>.lyr) on disk so that you
can load it in a different map document.
4. If you wish to continue working with the advanced
tutorial scenario, close the directions window.
Otherwise, exit ArcMap and do not save any changes to
Exercise8.mxd.

Determine turn-by-turn directions for the routes

1. Right-click the Routes (3) in the Network Analyst
Window and click Selection and Clear Selected
Features.
2. Click the Directions Window button
on the Network
Analyst toolbar to generate directions for all the routes.

Make changes to the existing solution to solve a

different scenario
The vehicle routing problem solution obtained earlier
worked well for the company. But after a few weeks, the
driver assigned to Truck_2 quit the job. So now the
distribution company has to service the same stores but
with just two trucks. To accommodate the extra workload,
the company decided to pay overtime to the other two
drivers and provide them with one paid break during the
day. The distribution company also acquired two additional
satellite distribution centers. These centers can be used by
the trucks to renew their truck load while making their
deliveries instead of returning back to the main distribution

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center for renewal. You will modify the solution obtained

from the previous step to accommodate these changes.
Deleting an existing route from a solution
In this step, you will delete the Truck_2 route.
1. In the Network Analyst Window, right-click the Truck_2
object in the Routes network analysis class and click
Delete.

2. On the Tools toolbar, click the Find button

3. In the Find dialog box, select the Addresses tab.

4. Select SanFranStreets from the Choose an address
locator drop-down list.
5. In the Street or Intersection combo box, type 800 Brush
St and click Find.

The SanFranStreets address locator finds the address

and shows the result at the bottom of the Find dialog
box.
Adding route renewals

6. Right-click the row, click Add as Network Location.

The two satellite distribution centers that the company

acquired are at 800 Brush St and 100 Old County Rd and
they can act as renewal locations for the trucks. The trucks
can refill their cargo by visiting these renewal locations and
thus save time by not returning to the starting depot for
renewal. The renewal locations are added as depots. You
will add the renewal locations to the Depots network
analysis class by geocoding their addresses. The routes that
can renew at a renewal location and the service time for
the renewal are specified in the Route Renewals network
analysis class.
1. In the Network Analyst Window, select Depots(1).

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This will add the located address as a depot object in the

Depots network analysis class.
The depot location is also shown in the map display.
7. In the Street or Intersection combo box, type 100 Old
County Rd and click Find.
8. Right-click the row and click Add as Network Location
and close the Find dialog box.
The Depots network analysis class now has three
depots.
A new route renewal object named Item1 is added under
the Route Renewals class in the Network Analyst Window
and the Properties window for Item1 opens.
10. In the Properties window, specify the attributes for the
route renewal as shown in the table below.

Since each truck can possibly renew at both locations, you

will associate each truck with the two renewal locations.
The VRP solver will figure out the best renewal location for
each truck.

Attribute

Value

Description

RouteName

Truck_1

Name of the vehicle

DepotName

800 Brush St

The truck can use this

depot location for renewal

ServiceTime

30

Time in minutes required to

renew the truck

9. In the Network Analyst Window, right-click Route

Renewals (0) and click Add Item.

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11. Click OK. A new route renewal object called 800 Brush
St is listed within the Truck_1 item in the Network
Analyst Window.

Modifying routes to include overtime

In order to accommodate the extra workload, the company
has decided not to have any maximum time, maximum
travel time, or maximum distance constraints for the routes.
Since the drivers have to work longer than before, they are
provided with overtime pay at the rate of $18 per hour after
completing six hours of work. In this step you will make
these changes to the routes.
1. In the Network Analyst Window, under the Routes
network analysis class, double-click the Truck_1 object
to open the Properties window for Truck_1.

12. Follow steps 911 and add three more route renewal
objects such that each truck (Truck_1 and Truck_3) can
renew at both the renewal locations (800 Brush St, 100
Old County Rd).

2. In the Properties window, make changes to the attributes

of the route so they reflect the values in the table below.

The Network Analyst Window should now have two

route renewal objects listed within the Truck_1 and
Truck_3 item, respectively.

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Attribute

Value

Description

OvertimeStartTime

360

The driver is paid overtime if

he/she works for more than 6
hours (360 minutes).

CostPerUnitOvertime 0.3

The truck driver is paid 18

dollars per hour for the
overtime. So the wage in
dollars per minute is:$18.00/60
minutes = $0.30 per minute.

MaxOrderCount

20

Since the driver is paid

overtime, he/she is expected
to service more stores.

MaxTotalTime

<Null>

There are no restrictions on

the total duration of the work
shift for the driver.

MaxTotalTravelTime

<Null>

There are no restrictions on

the time spent driving on the
streets.

MaxTotalDistance

<Null>

There are no restrictions on

the total distance traveled by
a truck.

3. Click OK.
4. Repeat steps 13 above for Truck_3.
Adding breaks
Since the drivers have to work longer, they will require one
half hour break during their work shift. In this step you will
specify the breaks for each route.
1. In the Network Analyst Window, right-click the Breaks
(0) and click Add Item.
2. In the Properties window, specify the attributes for the
break as shown in the table below and click OK. Leave
the default values for the other attributes.

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Attribute

Value

Description

RouteName

Truck_1

The name of the route to which

this break applies.

ServiceTime

30

The break duration in minutes.

TimeWindowStart 12:30 PM

The break time has to start

sometime after 12:30 PM.

TimeWindowEnd

The break has to start sometime

before 1:30 PM.

1:30 PM

MaxViolationTime 0

IsPaid

True

The break time has to start

between 12:30 PM and 1:30 PM.
The value of zero for this
property indicates that the break
cant start after 1:30 PM (that is,
the break time-window is hard).
It is a paid break. So the cost is
included in the total cost of the
route.

Determine the solution

1. Click the Solve button
toolbar.

on the Network Analyst

The VRP solver calculates the two routes that can be used
to service the orders and draws straight lines connecting the
orders. Each route begins and ends at the distribution
center, serves a set of orders along the way, visits a
renewal location to renew the truck load, continues to
service the remaining orders, and finally returns to the
distribution center.

3. Repeat steps 12 above for Truck_3.

The Network Analyst Window should now have two
breaks objects listed under the Breaks class.

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Adding route seed points

In this step you will add route seed points for Truck_1 and
Truck_3 by geocoding addresses. Note that the route seed
points can also be imported from an existing point feature
class or can be created interactively by using the Create
network location tool.
1. In the Network Analyst Window, select Route Seed
Points (0).
2. On the Tools toolbar, click the Find button

3. In the Find dialog box, select the Addresses tab.

This solution meets all of the constraints specified by the
distribution company. However, after giving the route
itinerary to the two drivers, the company discovered that
the driver of Truck_1 prefers driving in the downtown area
and the driver of Truck_3 prefers driving in the East Bay
area. The company would like to determine a new solution
in which the route for Truck_1 services the orders that are
downtown and the route for Truck_3 services the orders
within the East Bay area. In the next steps you will add
route seed points to incorporate these driver preferences.

4. Select SanFranStreets from the Choose an address

locator drop-down list.
5. In the Street or Intersection combo box, type 278
Dorantes Ave and click Find.
The SanFranStreets address locator finds the address
and shows the result at the bottom of the Find dialog
box.
6. Right-click the row, click Add as Network Location, and
close the Find dialog box.

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Attribute

Value

Description

RouteName

Truck_1 The name of the route to which this

seed point applies.

SeedPointType

Static

The will cause the orders that are

clustered around the specified seed
point to be most likely assigned to
Truck_1.

9. Click OK.
This will add the located address as a route seed point
object in the Route Seed Points network analysis class. The
route seed point location is also shown in the map display.
7. In the Network Analyst Window, double-click the newly
added route seed point object (labeled as 278 Dorantes
Ave) to open the Properties window for this object.

10. Repeat steps 16 above to add another route seed point

at the address 1888 Peralta St.
11. Repeat steps 79 above to change the RouteName
attribute to Truck_3 for this route seed point.
The Route Seed Points network analysis class now has
two route seed points.

8. In the Properties window, specify the attributes for the

route seed point as shown in the table below.

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Determine the solution

1. Click the Solve button
toolbar.

on the Network Analyst

The VRP solver calculates the two routes that can be

used to service the orders and draws straight lines
connecting the orders. Each route begins and ends at the
distribution center, services a set of orders along the
way, visits a renewal location to reload the truck,
continues to service remaining orders, and finally returns
to the distribution center. The route for Truck_1 includes
orders in the downtown region only.

2. You can optionally export the vehicle routing problem

layer as layer file (<filename>.lyr) on disk so that you
can load it in a different map document.
3. Exit ArcMap and click No to discard all changes.
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Exercise 9: Finding best routes to service a set of paired orders

In this exercise you will find the best routes for a fleet of
vans, which are operated by a logistics company, to
transport people from their homes to hospitals. The
dispatcher at the company has received a list of people who
need to visit their doctors and require transportation
services provided by the logistics company. The people
cant spend more than a specified time on the van during
transit due to their health conditions. They have to be
picked up within time windows that are assigned according
to their appointments at the hospitals. Some people require
wheelchairs. The main objective is to assign people-hospital
pairs to the vans in the fleet and to sequence the
assignments in a way that minimizes the total travel time.

5. Double-click Exercise9.mxd.

This can be achieved by solving a vehicle routing problem

(VRP) that uses order pairs. Once the routes are
determined, you will generate turn-by-turn directions for the
resulting routes which can be printed and given to the
drivers.

8. If the Network Analyst Window is not already open,

Preparing your display

6. If the Network Analyst extension is not enabled, on the

Tools menu, click Extensions, and in the Extensions
dialog box, click Network Analyst, then close the
Extensions dialog box.
7. If the Network Analyst toolbar is not already present, on
the Main menu, click View, point to Toolbars, and click
Network Analyst.

on the
click the Network Analyst Window button
Network Analyst toolbar. The Network Analyst Window
is a window that you can dock within ArcMap or leave
undocked. In this exercise, the window is shown docked
below the Table of Contents, but you can place it
wherever you like.

1. If you have Exercise9.mxd open in ArcMap, skip

steps 2 to 5.
2. Start ArcMap by either double-clicking a shortcut
installed on your desktop or using the programs list in
your Start menu. Choose OK to start ArcMap with a
new, empty map.
3. Click File on the Main menu and click Open.
4. In the Open dialog box, navigate to
C:\arcgis\ArcTutor\Network_Analyst\Exercise9\Exercise9.mxd.
(This is the default install location for this data.)
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Specialties, Order Pairs, and Barriers network analysis

classes.

The Table of Contents contains a new Vehicle Routing

Problem analysis (group) layer.
Creating the Vehicle Routing Problem analysis
layer
1. On the Network Analyst toolbar, click the Network
Analyst drop-down menu and click New Vehicle Routing
Problem.

The Network Analyst Window now contains an empty

list of Orders, Depots, Routes, Depot Visits, Breaks,
Route Zones, Route Seed Points, Route Renewals,

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Adding Specialties
The logistics company has three vans. One of the vans that
operates in the downtown area is equipped to provide
access for wheelchairs. You will add the wheelchair as a
specialty so that the orders that require this specialty can be
assigned to the routes that support the specialty.

spend in transit; the special requirements of the passengers

such as a wheelchair ramp.

1. Right-click Specialties (0) in the Network Analyst

Window and click Add Item.
A new speciality named Item1 is added under the
Specialties class in the Network Analyst Window and
Properties window for the new specialty opens.
2. In the Properties window, change the value of the Name
attribute to Wheelchair and click OK.

In this case, the passengers and hospital visits are related to

each other since each passenger has to visit a prespecified
hospital. you can model this situation as order pairs by
loading both patient and hospital locations as Orders and
then relating them with Order Pairs.
In this step, you will geocode the patient and hospital
addresses and load them as orders.
1. Click Geocoding and Geocode Addresses from the Tools
menu.

Adding Orders
The people and the hospital addresses are stored in a
spreadsheet that is provided to the dispatcher. The
spreadsheet contains information about each patient,
including their name and home address; the name and the
address of the hospital they must be delivered to; the time
window within which the patient has to be picked up; the
total number of passengers, including the patient, that are
riding together; the maximum time that the patients can
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4. In the Geocode Addresses dialog box, select

PatientAddress from the Street or Intersection dropdown list.
5. In the Geocode Addresses dialog box, for Output
shapefile or feature class, click the browse button.
Change Save as type to File and Personal Geodatabase
feature class, and navigate to SFO_VRP.gdb file
geodatabase within the Exercise9 folder.
6. In the Saving Data dialog box, type Patients in the
Name text box and click Save.
7. In the Geocode Addresses dialog box, click OK.

2. In the Choose an Address Locator to use dialog box,

make sure SanFranStreets is selected and click OK.
3. In the Geocode Addresses dialog box, for the Address
Table, click the browse button and navigate to
C:\arcgis\ArcTutor\Network_Analyst\Exercise9 folder
(this is the default install location for the tutorial data).
Double-click OrderPairs.xls, select Patients$ table, and
click Add.

8. In the Geocoding Addresses dialog box, make sure the

Matched label shows 15 (100%) and click Close.
Fifteen addresses are geocoded from the OrderPairs
spreadsheet and the output feature class is added to the
Table of Contents in ArcMap.

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9. Repeat steps 18 above using the HosptialAddress field

in the OrderPairs spreadsheet to geocode hospital
addresses as a point feature class called Hospitals.

10. In the Table of Contents, uncheck the check boxes next

to the Geocoding Results: Hospitals and Geocoding
Results: Patients layers so that they are not visible on
the ArcMap display.
In the next steps you will load these layers into the Orders
network analysis class.
11. In the Network Analyst Window, right-click Orders (0)
and click Load Locations.
12. Select Geocoding Results: Patients in the Load From
drop-down list.
The Location Analysis Properties section on the Load
Locations dialog box lets you specify which attributes of the
Geocoding Results: Patients layer contain the values that
Network Analyst will use to solve this vehicle routing
problem.

The ArcMap Table of Contents should now have two

feature layers called Geocoding Results: Hospitals and
Geocoding Results: Patients.

13. In the Location Analysis Properties section, click in the

field column beside the Name property and select
OrderName1. Similarly, set the Description property to
be derived from the PatientAddress field, the
TimeWindowStart1 property to be derived from
PickFrom field, the TimeWindowEnd1 property to be

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derived from PickTo field, and the PickupQuantities to

be derived from TotalPassengers field.
14. Make sure the SpecialtyNames property is automatically
matched to the SpecialtyNames field.
15. Type 2 under Default Value for the Service Time
property and 0 under Default Value for the
MaxViolationTime1 property. Leave the default settings
for the other properties.
16. Click OK.

displayed as orders on the map in the Vehicle Routing

Problem layer.
In the next steps, you will load hospital locations as orders.
17. In the Network Analyst Window, right-click Orders (15)
and click Load Locations.
18. Select Geocoding Results: Hospitals in the Load from
drop-down list.
19. In the Location Analysis Properties section, click in the
field column beside the Name property and select
OrderName2. Similarly, set the Description property to
be derived from the HospitalAddress field and
DeliveryQuantities to be derived from the
TotalPassengers field.
Note that the value for the Name attribute has to be unique
in the Orders network analysis class. In this case there are
many patients which need to visit the same hospital. So if
the hospital addresses are used to derive the value of the
Name attribute for Orders, then the VRP solver will return
error messages as there will be duplicate values for the
Name attribute.
20. Make sure the SpecialtyNames property is automatically
matched to the SpecialtyNames field.
21. Type 2 under Default Value for the Service Time
property. Leave default settings for the other properties.
22. Click OK.

Now fifteen orders are listed in the Network Analyst

Window under the orders network analysis class and are

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Adding Order Pairs

Now, thirty orders are listed in the Network Analyst

Window under the orders network analysis class and are
displayed as orders on the map in the Vehicle Routing
Problem layer.

The passengers have to be taken to a prespecified hospital.

By adding objects to the Order Pairs network analysis
class, you can add the information that specifies which
hospital the patients have to be taken to and the maximum
time the patients can sit in the van during a one-way trip.
1. Right-click Order Pairs (0) in the Network Analyst
Window and click Load Locations.
2. In the Load Locations dialog box, click the Browse
button and navigate to Exercise9 folder.
3. Double-click OrderPairs.xls, select Patients$ table, and
click Add.

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4. In the Load Locations dialog box, make sure the

FirstOrderName property is automatically matched to
the OrderName1 field, the SecondOrderName property
is automatically matched to the OrderName2 field, and
the MaxTransitTime property is automatically matched
to the MaxTransitTime field.

Adding Depots
The logistics company operates vans from three depots
whose locations are shown in the CentralDepots layer in
ArcMap. You will add these point features to the Depots
network analysis class.
1. Right-click Depots (0) in the Network Analyst Window
and click Load Locations.
2. In the Load Locations dialog box, select CentralDepots
from the Load From drop-down list.
3. In the Location Analysis Properties section, make sure
the Name property is automatically matched to the
Name field.
4. Click OK.

5. Click OK
Fifteen order pairs are listed in the Network Analyst
Window under the Order Pairs network analysis class.
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Three depots are listed in the Network Analyst Window

under the Depots network analysis class and are displayed
as Depots on the map in the Vehicle Routing Problem layer.
Adding Routes
The logistics company has three vans, each with a
maximum capacity to carry six passengers. The vans start
and return to the depots after completing all the trips. One
of the vans that operates within the downtown area has a
ramp to provide easy access for wheelchairs.

A new route named Item1 is added under the Routes

class in the Network Analyst Window and the Properties
window for the new route opens.
2. In the Properties window, specify the attributes for the
route as shown in the table below. Leave the default
values for the other attributes. The description column
in the table explains the use of particular values.

You will add three routes (one for each van) and set the
property for the downtown van to include the wheelchair as
a specialty.
1. Right-click Routes (0) in the Network Analyst Window
and click Add Item.

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Attribute

Value

Description

Name

Downtown

Name of the route

StartDepotName

Downtown Depot

The van starts at the depot

in thedowntown area.
Make sure this value
matches the value for the
Name attribute in the
Depots network analysis
class.

EndDepotName

Downtown Depot

The van returns to the

depot in the downtown area
at the end of the route.
Make sure this value
matches the value of the
Name attribute in the
Depots network analysis
class.

Capacities

The van can carry a

maximum of six passengers
at one time.

SpecialtyNames

Wheelchair

The van is equipped to

provide access for
wheelchairs.

3. Click OK. A new route called Downtown is listed in the

Network Analyst Window.

4. Repeat steps 13 to add two more routes representing

the vans that operate in the North Bay and East Bay
areas. These vans are not equipped to allow access for
wheelchairs. The following tables list the properties
required to be set for these new routes.
Attribute

Value

Name

North Bay

StartDepotName

North Bay Depot

EndDepotName

North Bay Depot

Capacities

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Attribute

Value

Name

East Bay

StartDepotName

East Bay Depot

EndDepotName

East Bay Depot

Capacities

2. On the Network Analyst toolbar, click the Create

Network Location
tool.
3. On the ArcMap display, digitize a polygon that roughly
covers the downtown area. Double-click on the screen
to complete the polygon.

The Network Analyst Window should now have three

route objects listed within the Routes network analysis
class.

A new route zone named Graphic Pick 1 is added under

the Route Zones class in the Network Analyst Window.
Adding Route Zones
The three vans used by the company can operate only in a
prespecified area. This means that the vans cant service
the orders that are outside the areas assigned to the vans.
You will add route zones and associate them with the routes
to model this scenario.

4. In the Network Analyst Window, double-click the new

route zone object (named Graphic Pick 1) to open its
Properties window.
5. In the Properties window specify the attributes for the
route zone as shown in the table below:

1. In the Network Analyst Window, Select Route

Zones (0).

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Attribute

Value

Description

RouteName

Downtown

Name of the route to which

this route zone belongs.

IsHardZone

True

The van cant service orders

that are outside the route
zone. Setting this value to
true ensures that the van is
assigned only those orders
that are within the route zone.

6. Click OK.

The Network Analyst Window should now have three

route zone objects listed within the Route Zones network
analysis class.

7. Repeat steps 16 to add two more route zones that

cover North Bay area and East Bay area.

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Setting up the properties for analysis

Next you will specify the properties for your vehicle routing
problem analysis.
1. Click the Vehicle Routing Problem Properties button next
to the drop-down list in the Network Analyst Window to
bring up the Layer Properties dialog box.

and the maximum number of wheelchairs that can be

accommodated in the van, the capacity count would
be 2.
7. Make sure Minutes is selected for Time Field Units. This
specifies that all time-based attributes, such as
ServiceTime and MaxViolationTime1 for Orders,
CostPerUnitTime for Routes, and MaxTransitTime for
Order Pairs are in minutes.
8. Leave the default options for all other properties.
9. Click OK to apply and save the settings.

2. In the Layer Properties dialog box click the Analysis

Settings tab.
3. Click the Time Attribute drop-down list and click
Minutes. This network attribute will be used by the VRP
solver to calculate time-based impedance between the
orders and the depot.
4. Make sure nothing is selected in the Distance Attribute
drop-down list. Since we are not using any distancebased cost parameters, such as CostPerUnitDistance
and MaxTotalDistance, the Distance Attribute is not
required.
5. Leave the default date as the current date.
6. Since the van capacity is measured only by the total
number of passengers that can be accommodated, make
sure that the Capacity Count is set to 1. If the capacity
were measured by the total number of passengers
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Run the process to determine the solution

1. Click the Solve button
toolbar.

on the Network Analyst

Determine turn-by-turn directions for the routes

1. Click the Directions Window button
on the Network
Analyst toolbar to generate directions for all the routes.

The VRP solver calculates the routes for each van. Each
route begins at the depot, picks up one or more people if the
time they spend on the van is less than the MaxTransitTime
specified, drops them at their hospital locations, continues to
pick up and drop off other people, and returns to the depot
at the end. The routes only service orders in their assigned
route zones.

2. You can optionally export the vehicle routing problem

layer as a layer file (<filename>.lyr) on disk so that you
can load it in a different map document.
3. Exit ArcMap and click No to discard all changes.

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