The document discusses two types of pressure reducing regulators - FTO (Flow To Open) and FTC (Flow To Close). FTO regulators are more stable as the plug approaches or departs from the seat, allowing for a very high rangeability. FTC regulators are less stable at low flows with a lower rangeability. It also provides diagrams and explanations of other types of reducing regulators including proportional band, pressure loaded, differential, and those used for steam atomization applications.
The document discusses two types of pressure reducing regulators - FTO (Flow To Open) and FTC (Flow To Close). FTO regulators are more stable as the plug approaches or departs from the seat, allowing for a very high rangeability. FTC regulators are less stable at low flows with a lower rangeability. It also provides diagrams and explanations of other types of reducing regulators including proportional band, pressure loaded, differential, and those used for steam atomization applications.
The document discusses two types of pressure reducing regulators - FTO (Flow To Open) and FTC (Flow To Close). FTO regulators are more stable as the plug approaches or departs from the seat, allowing for a very high rangeability. FTC regulators are less stable at low flows with a lower rangeability. It also provides diagrams and explanations of other types of reducing regulators including proportional band, pressure loaded, differential, and those used for steam atomization applications.
The document discusses two types of pressure reducing regulators - FTO (Flow To Open) and FTC (Flow To Close). FTO regulators are more stable as the plug approaches or departs from the seat, allowing for a very high rangeability. FTC regulators are less stable at low flows with a lower rangeability. It also provides diagrams and explanations of other types of reducing regulators including proportional band, pressure loaded, differential, and those used for steam atomization applications.
Some applications require that a specified differential be maintained between two separate piping systems, regardless of the Inlet Pressure variations of either system. The downstream pressure of one system may be controlled with a Differential Reducing Regulator to accomplish this task. As an example, a low pressure steam system must remain 20 psi above an oil distribution line. By connecting a high pressure steam line though the Differential Reducing Regulator and loading the oil pressure into the upper spring chamber of the Regulator above the diaphragm, a ratio can be maintained. By setting the spring adjustment for 20 psi, a 20 psi differential between the steam and oil systems will then be maintained, even though the pressure of either system may vary. The downstream steam pressure is actually being controlled. The Outlet pressure of the Regulator is the sum of the loading pressure above the diaphragm plus the Differential Pressure required. With this in mind, sizing of the Regulator is identical to Pressure Reducing Regulators.
DIFF. REDUCING REGULATOR
Frs = Force of Range Spring
P1 = Higher Inlet Pressure
Fps = Force of Piston Spring
P2 = Lower Outlet Pressure P3 = Loading Pressure
Frs
Pressure Plate
Diaphragm
P2 - P3 Pconstant
Dport
Pconstant = Prange spring
setting
INLET
P3
P1
Fup
F down
PLUG F ps
P2
OUTLET
Works by the FORCE - BALANCE PRINCIPLE
Fup = Fdown
Fps + (P1 x A port ) + (P2 x A diaph ) =
Frs + (P2 x A port ) + (P3 x A diaph ) 6
September/October 2012
-13-
Gases&Instrumentation
BLUEBOOK SPECIAL
STEAM ATOMIZATION DIFFERENTIAL REDUCING REGULATOR DOUBLE-DIAPHRAGM; i.e. OPT-1+8+65 COMBUSTION INPUT CONTROL SIGNAL
FORCED DRAFT FAN
DAMPER CONTROL BACK PRESSURE / RELIEF REGULATOR AIR DAMPER
