Dissertation Brief
101108004
DISSERTATION BRIEF
500 BED SUPER SPECIALITY
HOSPITAL @ Trichy
Introduction
In August 1883, the quiet American city of Rochester came tumbling down
under a tornado. As 24 people breathed their last, 40 others were left
gasping for breath and medical care. The disaster gave birth to an idea, an
idea that became a dream for Dr. William Worrall Mayo -- to give Rochester
its first hospital.
Six years later, the dream came to life and in September 1889, under the
watchful eye of Dr Mayo, Saint Marys Hospital opened its doors to the
public. As decades passed, the hospital spilled over into an institution and a
research and development centre, giving America and the world one of its
largest, most prestigious medical cities -- the Mayo Clinic.
In what could be the beginning of a medical renaissance, medical cities could
change the way medical education and research and development is
conducted in India. Institutions like the All India Institute of Medical Sciences
in Delhi, Christian Medical College in Vellore and Maulana Azad Medical
College in Delhi have been pockets of excellence in teaching and research in
the country. Until 2005, India had only 229 medical colleges of which 106
were established through the private route.
But despite these institutions, with only 25,000 medical graduates each year,
the Indian ratio of doctors to population stands small at 0.6 doctors per
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Dissertation Brief
101108004
1,000 people, the world average being 1.8 per 1,000. This translates into an
immediate need of another 12-13 lakh (Rs 1.2-1.3 million) doctors, a gap so
vast it will take decades to fill.
World Health Organization recommends a standard of 3 beds per 1000
population (bed population ratio). Indias current ratio is less than 1. This gap
can only be filled by active private sectors establishing healthcare facilities
throughout the country.
Objectives
The present state of healthcare in Trichy is not upto the standards as
mentioned by the WHO. It is even very low compared to Chennai, which has
a bed population ratio of 2.5 per 1000 population.
Objective is to design a 500 bedded hospital with OPD, Indoor and
Emergency healthcare services covering the following specialties,
General Medicine
General Surgery
Obstetrics & Gynecology Services
Pediatrics including Neonatology
Emergency (Accident & other emergency)
Critical care/Intensive Care (ICU)
Anesthesia
Ophthalmology
Dermatology and Venereology (Skin & VD) RTI/STI
Radiotherapy
Allergy
Otorhinolaryngology (ENT)
Orthopedics
Radiology including ultrasonology
Cardiology
Gastro-enterology
Plastic Surgery
Nephrology
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101108004
Neurology
Oncology
Endocrinology/Metabolism
Nuclear medicine Specialist
Scope
Is to provide built infrastructure for the above mentioned specialties
accommodating 500 beds. It will also include providing infrastructure for the
following services:
Diagnostic and other Para clinical services regarding
Laboratory services including Pathology and Microbiology
Designated Microscopy centre
Imaging services
Sonography
ECG
Endoscopy
Blood Bank and Transfusion Services
Physiotherapy
Dental Technology (Dental Hygiene)
Drugs and Pharmacy
Blood Bank with all allied facilities
CT scan
MRI
EEG
NCV
EMG
VEP (visual evoked potential)
Muscle Biopsy
Angiography
Echocardiography
Occupational therapy
Ancillary and support services:
Medico-legal/post mortem 2
24 7 ambulance with advance life support systems
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101108004
Dietary services
Laundry services
Security services
Waste management including Biomedical Waste
Ware housing/central store
Maintenance and repair
Electric Supply (power generation and stabilization)
Water supply (plumbing)
Heating, ventilation and air-conditioning
Transport
Communication
Lift and vertical transport
Medical Social Work
Nursing Services
CSSD- Sterilization and Disinfection
Horticulture (Landscaping)
Refrigeration
Hospital Infection Control
Administrative services
Finance
Medical records (Provision should be made for computerized medical
records with anti-virus facilities whereas alternate records should also
be maintained)
Procurement
Personnel
Housekeeping and Sanitation
Education and training
Inventory Management
Hospital Information System
According to the Indian Public Health Standards (IPHS 2011), the area and
size requirements are as follows:
Land area for hospitals with 500 beds should be 6.5 Hectares or
65000 Square Meters
For a non teaching hospital, the total plinth area requirement is 80
85 Square Meters per bed. Therefore for a 500 bed hospital, the
total plinth area should be at least 40,000 42,500 Square Meters.
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101108004
Operation Theatre : One per 50 general wards and one per 25
surgical wards
ICU beds: 5 to 10% of total number of beds
For each ICU bed: 25 to 30 Square Meters (including supportive
services)
For each pediatric ICU bed: 10 to 12 Square Meters
For High Dependency Unit (HDU): 20 to 25 Square Meters
For general Beds: 15 to 18 Square Meters
Bed space: 7 Square Meters
Minimum distance between centers of beds: 2.5 Meters
Clearance at foot end: 1.2 Meters
Site
Tiruchchirapalli is a temple town and is an intersection of major National
Highways connecting various parts of Tamil nadu. It is in the geographic
center of the state and thus will be an apt location for a facility such as this
to render healthcare services to the state.
The site is a proposed site of a private sector for 300 bed hospital.
It is located on the Trichy Manaparai Highway, near Alampatti
village. It is 14.5 kms away from Central Bus Stand, Trichy.
The area of the site is 104 acres (4, 20, 874 Square Meters).
Special Study
Modularity of Spaces
The bed-population ratio, as per WHO standards should be 3 beds per 1000
population. So in India, the need for hospitals and their expansion is very
essential. So the spaces in a hospital should be designed modularly so as to
facilitate convenient expansions in the future.
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